1489

EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489
SCIENTIFIC OPINION
Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of health claims related to various
food(s)/food constituent(s) and protection of cells from premature aging,
antioxidant activity, antioxidant content and antioxidant properties, and
protection of DNA, proteins and lipids from oxidative damage pursuant to
Article 13(1) of Regulation (EC) No 1924/20061
EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA)2, 3
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Parma, Italy
1 On request from the European Commission, Question No EFSA-Q-2008-1357, EFSA-Q-2008-1939, EFSA-Q-2008-1967,

EFSA-Q-2008-1981, EFSA-Q-2008-1994, EFSA-Q-2008-1995, EFSA-Q-2008-1996, EFSA-Q-2008-1998, EFSA-Q-2008-
2002, EFSA-Q-2008-2023, EFSA-Q-2008-2052, EFSA-Q-2008-2058, EFSA-Q-2008-2104, EFSA-Q-2008-2176, EFSA-Q-
2008-2182, EFSA-Q-2008-2205, EFSA-Q-2008-2415, EFSA-Q-2008-2442, EFSA-Q-2008-2530, EFSA-Q-2008-2538,
2008-4632, EFSA-Q-2008-4721, EFSA-Q-2008-4861, EFSA-Q-2008-4874, adopted on 15 October 2009.
2 Panel members: Carlo Agostoni, Jean-Louis Bresson, Susan Fairweather-Tait, Albert Flynn, Ines Golly, Hannu Korhonen,
Pagona Lagiou, Martinus Løvik, Rosangela Marchelli, Ambroise Martin, Bevan Moseley, Monika Neuhäuser-Berthold,
Hildegard Przyrembel, Seppo Salminen, Yolanda Sanz, Sean (J.J.) Strain, Stephan Strobel, Inge Tetens, Daniel Tomé,
Hendrik van Loveren and Hans Verhagen. Correspondence: nda@efsa.europa.eu
3 Acknowledgement: The Panel wishes to thank for the preparation of this opinion: The members of the Working Group on
Claims: Carlo Agostoni, Jean-Louis Bresson, Susan Fairweather-Tait, Albert Flynn, Ines Golly, Marina Heinonen, Hannu
Korhonen, Martinus Løvik, Ambroise Martin, Hildegard Przyrembel, Seppo Salminen, Yolanda Sanz, Sean (J.J.) Strain, Inge
Tetens, Hendrik van Loveren and Hans Verhagen. The members of the Claims Sub-Working Group on Cardiovascular
Health/Oxidative Stress: Antti Aro, Marianne Geleijnse, Marina Heinonen, Ambroise Martin, Wilhelm Stahl and Henk van
den Berg.
Suggested citation: EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA); Scientific Opinion on the
substantiation of health claims related to various food(s)/food constituent(s) and protection of cells from premature aging,
antioxidant activity, antioxidant content and antioxidant properties, and protection of DNA, proteins and lipids from
oxidative damage pursuant to Article 13(1) of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006. EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489. [63 pp.].
doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2010.1489. Available online: www.efsa.europa.eu
© European Food Safety Authority, 2010 1

Food(s)/food constituent(s) with antioxidant properties
SUMMARY
Following a request from the European Commission, the Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and
Allergies was asked to provide a scientific opinion on a list of health claims pursuant to Article 13 of
Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006. This opinion addresses the scientific substantiation of health claims
in relation to food(s)/food constituent(s) and the following claimed effects: protection of cells from
premature aging, antioxidant, antioxidant content and antioxidant properties, and protection of DNA,
proteins and lipids from oxidative damage. The scientific substantiation is based on the information
provided by the Member States in the consolidated list of Article 13 health claims and references that
EFSA has received from Member States or directly from stakeholders.
Protection of cells from premature aging

The claimed effects are “antioxidant activity” and “antioxidant properties”. The target population is
assumed to be the general population. The proposed wordings include “protect cells from premature
aging”, “antioxidant containing foods support of healthy aging”. The Panel considers that the claimed
effect “protect cells from premature aging” does not comply with the criteria laid down in Regulation
(EC) No 1924/2006.
Antioxidant activity, antioxidant content, and antioxidant properties

The claimed effects are “antioxidant activity/content” and/or “antioxidant properties”. The target
population is assumed to be the general population. The Panel assumes that these claimed effects refer
to the capacity of food/constituents to scavenge free radicals and/or to their reducing capacity. The
Panel considers that no evidence has been provided to establish that having antioxidant
activity/content and/or antioxidant properties is a beneficial physiological effect.
On the basis of the data presented, the Panel concludes that a cause and effect relationship has not
been established between the consumption of the food(s)/food constituent(s) evaluated in this opinion
and a beneficial physiological effect related to antioxidant activity, antioxidant content, or antioxidant
properties.
Protection of DNA, proteins and lipids from oxidative damage

The claimed effects refer to the protection of body cells and molecules (such as DNA, proteins and
lipids) from oxidative damage, including UV-induced oxidative damage. The target population is
assumed to be the general population. The Panel considers that the protection of molecules such as
DNA, proteins and lipids from oxidative damage may be a beneficial physiological effect.
No human studies which investigated the effects of the food(s)/food constituent(s) on reliable markers
of oxidative damage to body cells or to molecules such as DNA, proteins and lipids have been
provided in relation to any of the health claims evaluated in this opinion. The evidence provided in
the animal and in vitro studies submitted is not sufficient to predict the occurrence of an effect of the
food(s)/food constituent(s) on the protection of body cells and molecules such as DNA, proteins and
lipids from oxidative damage in vivo in humans.
On the basis of the data presented, the Panel concludes that a cause and effect relationship has not
been established between the consumption of the food(s)/food constituent(s) evaluated in this opinion
and the protection of body cells and molecules such as DNA, proteins and lipids from oxidative
damage.
KEY WORDS
Antioxidants, oxidative damage, DNA, lipids, proteins, ageing, health claims.
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 2

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Summary .................................................................................................................................................. 2
Table of contents ...................................................................................................................................... 3
Background as provided by the European Commission .......................................................................... 4
Terms of Reference as provided by the European Commission .............................................................. 4
EFSA Disclaimer...................................................................................................................................... 4
Information as provided in the consolidated list ...................................................................................... 5
Assessment ............................................................................................................................................... 5
1. Relevance of the claimed effect to human health ............................................................................ 5
1.1. Protection of cells from premature aging (ID 1468, 2832) ......................................................5
1.2. Antioxidant activity, antioxidant content, and antioxidant properties (ID 570, 1285, 1315,
1468, 1797, 1805, 1808, 1833, 1850, 1969, 1971, 1988, 1989, 2020, 2021, 2049, 2060,
2132, 2475, 2673, 2800, 2817, 2823, 2832, 2855, 2866) .......................................................5
1.3. Protection of DNA, proteins and lipids from oxidative damage (ID 1200, 1229, 1243,
1256, 1257, 1258, 1260, 1264, 1321, 1367, 1439, 1445, 1679, 1706, 1867, 1878, 1880,
1921, 1934, 1940, 1941, 1957, 1966, 1999, 2025, 2043, 2059, 2061, 2083, 2087, 2090,
2125, 2136, 2144, 2151, 2154, 2156, 2181, 2188, 2193, 2263, 2321, 2511, 2641, 2653,
2654, 2668, 2734, 2795, 2835, 2849, 2854, 2857, 3166, 3167, 3168, 3169, 3174, 3175,
3176, 3177, 3183, 3200, 3212, 3216, 3232, 3241, 3256, 3269, 3277, 3290, 3297, 3299,
3307, 3315, 3316, 3337, 3349, 3353, 3356, 3362, 3374, 3383, 3386, 3400, 3406, 3409,
3412, 3418, 3423, 3437, 3444, 3448, 3454, 3456, 3460, 3469, 3484, 3485, 3494, 3505,
3507, 3520, 3524, 3541, 3549, 3571, 3593, 3597, 3606, 3646, 3652, 3662, 3678, 3679,
3701, 3705, 3712, 3729, 3767, 3780, 3786, 3790, 3797, 3800, 3813, 3815, 3816, 3817,
3822, 3824, 3825, 3828, 3836, 3838, 3839, 3849, 3854, 3856, 3888, 3899, 3916, 4007,
4150, 4163) .............................................................................................................................6
2. Scientific substantiation of the claimed effect ................................................................................ 6
1256, 1257, 1258, 1260, 1264, 1321, 1367, 1439, 1445, 1679, 1706, 1867, 1878, 1880,
1921, 1934, 1940, 1941, 1957, 1966, 1999, 2025, 2043, 2059, 2061, 2083, 2087, 2090,
2125, 2136, 2144, 2151, 2154, 2156, 2181, 2188, 2193, 2263, 2321, 2511, 2641, 2653,
2654, 2668, 2734, 2795, 2835, 2849, 2854, 2857, 3166, 3167, 3168, 3169, 3174, 3175,
3176, 3177, 3183, 3200, 3212, 3216, 3232, 3241, 3256, 3269, 3277, 3290, 3297, 3299,
3307, 3315, 3316, 3337, 3349, 3353, 3356, 3362, 3374, 3383, 3386, 3400, 3406, 3409,
3412, 3418, 3423, 3437, 3444, 3448, 3454, 3456, 3460, 3469, 3484, 3485, 3494, 3505,
3507, 3520, 3524, 3541, 3549, 3571, 3593, 3597, 3606, 3646, 3652, 3662, 3678, 3679,
3701, 3705, 3712, 3729, 3767, 3780, 3786, 3790, 3797, 3800, 3813, 3815, 3816, 3817,
3822, 3824, 3825, 3828, 3836, 3838, 3839, 3849, 3854, 3856, 3888, 3899, 3916, 4007,
4150, 4163) .............................................................................................................................6
Conclusions .............................................................................................................................................. 7
Documentation provided to EFSA ........................................................................................................... 8
References ................................................................................................................................................ 9
Appendices ............................................................................................................................................. 10
Glossary / Abbreviations ........................................................................................................................ 63
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 3

BACKGROUND AS PROVIDED BY THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION

See Appendix A
TERMS OF REFERENCE AS PROVIDED BY THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION

See Appendix A
EFSA DISCLAIMER
See Appendix B
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 4

INFORMATION AS PROVIDED IN THE CONSOLIDATED LIST

The consolidated list of health claims pursuant to Article 13 of Regulation (EC) No 1924/20064
submitted by Member States contains main entry claims with corresponding conditions of use and
literature from similar health claims. The information provided in the consolidated list for the health
claims which are the subject of this opinion is tabulated in Appendix C.
ASSESSMENT
1. Relevance of the claimed effect to human health
1.1. Protection of cells from premature aging (ID 1468, 2832)

The claimed effects are “antioxidant activity” and “antioxidant properties”. The Panel assumes that
the target population is the general population.
The proposed wordings include “protect cells from premature aging”, “antioxidant containing foods
support of healthy aging”.
No definition has been provided of “premature aging” or of “healthy aging” in relation to the
antioxidant properties of foods. The Panel considers that this claimed effect is general and non-
specific and does not comply with the criteria laid down in Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006.
1.2. Antioxidant activity, antioxidant content, and antioxidant properties (ID 570, 1285,
1315, 1468, 1797, 1805, 1808, 1833, 1850, 1969, 1971, 1988, 1989, 2020, 2021, 2049, 2060,
2132, 2475, 2673, 2800, 2817, 2823, 2832, 2855, 2866)
The claimed effects are “antioxidant activity/content” and/or “antioxidant properties”. The Panel
assumes that the target population is the general population.
The Panel assumes that these claimed effects refer to the capacity of food/food constituents to
scavenge free radicals and/or to their reducing capacity.
The Panel considers that claims made on the antioxidant capacity/content or properties of food/food
constituents based on their capability of scavenging free radicals in vitro refer to a property of the
food/food constituent measured in model systems, and that the information provided does not
establish that this capability exerts a beneficial physiological effect in humans as required by
Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006.
The Panel considers that no evidence has been provided to establish that having antioxidant
The Panel concludes that a cause and effect relationship has not been established between the
consumption of the food(s)/food constituent(s) evaluated in this opinion and a beneficial
physiological effect related to antioxidant activity, antioxidant content, or antioxidant properties.
4
Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 December 2006 on nutrition and
health claims made on foods. OJ L 404, 30.12.2006, p. 9–25.
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 5

1256, 1257, 1258, 1260, 1264, 1321, 1367, 1439, 1445, 1679, 1706, 1867, 1878, 1880, 1921,
1934, 1940, 1941, 1957, 1966, 1999, 2025, 2043, 2059, 2061, 2083, 2087, 2090, 2125, 2136,
2144, 2151, 2154, 2156, 2181, 2188, 2193, 2263, 2321, 2511, 2641, 2653, 2654, 2668, 2734,
2795, 2835, 2849, 2854, 2857, 3166, 3167, 3168, 3169, 3174, 3175, 3176, 3177, 3183, 3200,
3212, 3216, 3232, 3241, 3256, 3269, 3277, 3290, 3297, 3299, 3307, 3315, 3316, 3337, 3349,
3353, 3356, 3362, 3374, 3383, 3386, 3400, 3406, 3409, 3412, 3418, 3423, 3437, 3444, 3448,
3454, 3456, 3460, 3469, 3484, 3485, 3494, 3505, 3507, 3520, 3524, 3541, 3549, 3571, 3593,
3597, 3606, 3646, 3652, 3662, 3678, 3679, 3701, 3705, 3712, 3729, 3767, 3780, 3786, 3790,
3797, 3800, 3813, 3815, 3816, 3817, 3822, 3824, 3825, 3828, 3836, 3838, 3839, 3849, 3854,
3856, 3888, 3899, 3916, 4007, 4150, 4163)
The claimed effects refer to the protection of body cells and molecules (such as DNA, proteins and
lipids) from oxidative damage, including UV-induced oxidative damage. The Panel assumes that the
target population is the general population.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) including several kinds of radicals are generated in biochemical
processes (e.g. respiratory chain) and as a consequence of exposure to exogenous factors
(e.g. radiation, pollutants). These reactive intermediates can damage molecules such as DNA, proteins
and lipids if they are not intercepted by the antioxidant network which includes free radical
scavengers like antioxidant nutrients.
The Panel considers that the protection of body cells and molecules such as DNA, proteins and lipids
from oxidative damage may be a beneficial physiological effect.
2. Scientific substantiation of the claimed effect
1256, 1257, 1258, 1260, 1264, 1321, 1367, 1439, 1445, 1679, 1706, 1867, 1878, 1880, 1921,
1934, 1940, 1941, 1957, 1966, 1999, 2025, 2043, 2059, 2061, 2083, 2087, 2090, 2125, 2136,
2144, 2151, 2154, 2156, 2181, 2188, 2193, 2263, 2321, 2511, 2641, 2653, 2654, 2668, 2734,
2795, 2835, 2849, 2854, 2857, 3166, 3167, 3168, 3169, 3174, 3175, 3176, 3177, 3183, 3200,
3212, 3216, 3232, 3241, 3256, 3269, 3277, 3290, 3297, 3299, 3307, 3315, 3316, 3337, 3349,
3353, 3356, 3362, 3374, 3383, 3386, 3400, 3406, 3409, 3412, 3418, 3423, 3437, 3444, 3448,
3454, 3456, 3460, 3469, 3484, 3485, 3494, 3505, 3507, 3520, 3524, 3541, 3549, 3571, 3593,
3597, 3606, 3646, 3652, 3662, 3678, 3679, 3701, 3705, 3712, 3729, 3767, 3780, 3786, 3790,
3797, 3800, 3813, 3815, 3816, 3817, 3822, 3824, 3825, 3828, 3836, 3838, 3839, 3849, 3854,
3856, 3888, 3899, 3916, 4007, 4150, 4163)
Most of the references provided addressed potential health effects of dietary antioxidants in general,
or of food/food constituents other than those for which the specific claims are proposed, and/or
claimed effects other than the protection of body cells and molecules from oxidative damage. The
latter includes references on the development or progression of acute or chronic diseases presumed to
be associated with increased levels of oxidative stress (e.g. immune dysfunction/susceptibility to
infections, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and degenerative diseases, among others) where oxidative
damage to cells or molecules has not been considered as an outcome. The Panel considers that no
scientific conclusions can be drawn from these references for the substantiation of the claimed effect.
No human studies which investigated the effects of the food(s)/food constituent(s) on reliable markers
of oxidative damage to body cells or to molecules such as DNA, proteins and lipids have been
provided in relation to any of the health claims evaluated in this opinion.
Some intervention studies in humans which investigated the effects of the food(s)/food constituent(s)
on the overall antioxidant capacity of plasma assessed by different methods have been provided.
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 6

These methods include total reactive antioxidant potential (TRAP), trolox-equivalent antioxidant
capacity (TEAC), ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), oxygen radical absorbance capacity
(ORAC), and ferrous oxidation-xylenol orange (FOX). The Panel considers that the evidence
provided in these studies does not predict the occurrence of an effect of the food(s)/food
constituent(s) on the protection of body cells and molecules from oxidative damage (Griffiths et al.,
2002; Mayne, 2003; Dolle-Donne, et al., 2006; Knasmuller et al., 2008). Some intervention studies in
humans having investigated the effects of the food(s)/ food constituent(s) on markers of lipid
peroxidation have been provided in relation to ID 1243, 1468, 1850, 2060, 2511, 2835, 3505 and
3678. Such markers are thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), malondialdehyde (MDA)
and/or oxidation lag time of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) ex vivo. The Panel considers that both
TBARS and MDA, when used alone, are not reliable markers of lipid peroxidation (Griffiths et al.,
2002; Lykkesfeldt, 2007; Knasmuller et al., 2008). The Panel also considers that no evidence has been
provided to establish that the oxidation lag time of LDL particles ex vivo predicts the resistance of
LDL particles to oxidation in vivo (Griffiths et al., 2002; Lapointe et al., 2006; Verhoye and Langlois,
2009). Thus, for claims supported by references to human studies on the overall antioxidant capacity
of plasma only, or on MDA/TBARS/oxidation lag time of LDL particles ex vivo as the only markers
of lipid peroxidation, either alone on in combination with animal and/or in vitro studies, the Panel
considers that a cause and effect relationship has not been established between the intake of the
food/food component and the claimed effect.
A number of in vitro studies were provided which addressed the antioxidant properties of different
food(s)/food constituent(s), either by testing their capacity to scavenge free radicals under controlled
conditions or by testing their capacity to prevent or delay protein, lipid or DNA oxidation in different
in vitro models. Also, studies were provided on the relationship between the intake of the food(s)/food
constituent(s) and the claimed effect by measuring markers of protein, lipid and/or DNA oxidation in
animals, either in vivo or ex vivo. The Panel considers that the evidence provided in the animal and
in vitro studies submitted is not sufficient to predict the occurrence of an effect of the food(s)/food
constituent(s) on the protection of body cells and molecules from oxidative damage in vivo in humans.
The Panel considers that while effects shown in animal and in vitro studies may be used as supportive
evidence, human studies are required for substantiation of a claim. Thus, for claims supported by
references to animal studies and/or in vitro studies only, the Panel considers that a cause and effect
relationship has not been established between the consumption of the food/food component and the
claimed effect.
The Panel concludes that a cause and effect relationship has not been established between the
consumption of the food(s)/food constituent(s) evaluated in this opinion and the protection of body
cells and molecules such as DNA, proteins and lipids from oxidative damage.
CONCLUSIONS
On the basis of the data presented, the Panel concludes that:
Protection of cells from premature aging

The claimed effects are “antioxidant activity” and “antioxidant properties”. The target
population is assumed to be the general population. The proposed wordings include “protect
cells from premature aging”, “antioxidant containing foods support of healthy aging”. The
claimed effect “protect cells from premature aging” does not comply with the criteria laid
down in Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006.
Antioxidant activity, antioxidant content, and antioxidant properties

The claimed effects are “antioxidant activity/content” and/or “antioxidant properties”. The
target population is assumed to be the general population. It is assumed that these claimed
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 7

effects refer to the capacity of food/food constituents to scavenge free radicals and/or to their
reducing capacity. No evidence has been provided to establish that having antioxidant
A cause and effect relationship has not been established between the consumption of the
food(s)/food constituent(s) evaluated in this opinion and a beneficial physiological effect
related to antioxidant activity, antioxidant content, or antioxidant properties.
Protection of DNA, proteins and lipids from oxidative damage

The claimed effects refer to the protection of body cells and molecules (such as DNA,
proteins and lipids) from oxidative damage, including UV-induced oxidative damage. The
target population is assumed to be the general population. The protection of molecules such as
DNA, proteins and lipids from oxidative damage may be a beneficial physiological effect.
A cause and effect relationship has not been established between the consumption of the
food(s)/food constituent(s) evaluated in this opinion and the protection of body cells and
molecules such as DNA, proteins and lipids from oxidative damage.
DOCUMENTATION PROVIDED TO EFSA

Health claims pursuant to Article 13(1) of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006 (No: EFSA-Q-2008-1357,
EFSA-Q-2008-1939, EFSA-Q-2008-1967, EFSA-Q-2008-1981, EFSA-Q-2008-1994, EFSA-Q-2008-
1995, EFSA-Q-2008-1996, EFSA-Q-2008-1998, EFSA-Q-2008-2002, EFSA-Q-2008-2023, EFSA-Q-
2008-2052, EFSA-Q-2008-2058, EFSA-Q-2008-2104, EFSA-Q-2008-2176, EFSA-Q-2008-2182,
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 8


EFSA-Q-2008-4861, EFSA-Q-2008-4874). The scientific substantiation is based on the information
provided by the Members States in the consolidated list of Article 13 health claims and references that
EFSA has received from Member States or directly from stakeholders.
The full list of supporting references as provided to EFSA is available on:

http://www.efsa.europa.eu/panels/nda/claims/article13.htm
REFERENCES
Dalle-Donne I, Rossi R, Colombo R, Giustarini D and Milzani A, 2006. Biomarkers of oxidative
damage in human disease. Clinical Chemistry, 52, 601-623.
Griffiths HR, Moller L, Bartosz G, Bast A, Bertoni-Freddari C, Collins A, Cooke M, Coolen S,
Haenen G, Hoberg AM, Loft S, Lunec J, Olinski R, Parry J, Pompella A, Poulsen H, Verhagen H
and Astley SB, 2002. Biomarkers. Molecular Aspects of Medicine, 23, 101-208.
Knasmuller S, Nersesyan A, Misik M, Gerner C, Mikulits W, Ehrlich V, Hoelzl C, Szakmary A and
Wagner KH, 2008. Use of conventional and -omics based methods for health claims of dietary
antioxidants: a critical overview. British Journal of Nutrition, 99 E Suppl 1, ES3-52.
Lapointe A, Couillard C and Lemieux S, 2006. Effects of dietary factors on oxidation of low-density
lipoprotein particles. The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 17, 645-658.
Lykkesfeldt J, 2007. Malondialdehyde as biomarker of oxidative damage to lipids caused by smoking.
Clinica Chimica Acta, 380, 50-58.
Mayne ST, 2003. Antioxidant nutrients and chronic disease: use of biomarkers of exposure and
oxidative stress status in epidemiologic research. Journal of Nutrition, 133 Suppl 3, 933S-940S.
Verhoye E and Langlois MR, 2009. Circulating oxidized low-density lipoprotein: a biomarker of
atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risk? Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, 47, 128-
137.
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 9

APPENDICES
APPENDIX A
BACKGROUND AND TERMS OF REFERENCE AS PROVIDED BY THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION

The Regulation 1924/2006 on nutrition and health claims made on foods5 (hereinafter "the
Regulation") entered into force on 19th January 2007.
Article 13 of the Regulation foresees that the Commission shall adopt a Community list of permitted
health claims other than those referring to the reduction of disease risk and to children's development
and health. This Community list shall be adopted through the Regulatory Committee procedure and
following consultation of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA).
Health claims are defined as "any claim that states, suggests or implies that a relationship exists
between a food category, a food or one of its constituents and health".
In accordance with Article 13 (1) health claims other than those referring to the reduction of disease
risk and to children's development and health are health claims describing or referring to:
a) the role of a nutrient or other substance in growth, development and the functions of the
body; or
b) psychological and behavioural functions; or
c) without prejudice to Directive 96/8/EC, slimming or weight-control or a reduction in the
sense of hunger or an increase in the sense of satiety or to the reduction of the available
energy from the diet.
To be included in the Community list of permitted health claims, the claims shall be:
(i) based on generally accepted scientific evidence; and

(ii) well understood by the average consumer.
Member States provided the Commission with lists of claims as referred to in Article 13 (1) by 31
January 2008 accompanied by the conditions applying to them and by references to the relevant
scientific justification. These lists have been consolidated into the list which forms the basis for the
EFSA consultation in accordance with Article 13 (3).
ISSUES THAT NEED TO BE CONSIDERED
IMPORTANCE AND PERTINENCE OF THE FOOD6

Foods are commonly involved in many different functions7 of the body, and for one single food many
health claims may therefore be scientifically true. Therefore, the relative importance of food e.g.
nutrients in relation to other nutrients for the expressed beneficial effect should be considered: for
functions affected by a large number of dietary factors it should be considered whether a reference to
a single food is scientifically pertinent.
5
OJ L12, 18/01/2007
6
The term 'food' when used in this Terms of Reference refers to a food constituent, the food or the food category.
7
The term 'function' when used in this Terms of Reference refers to health claims in Article 13(1)(a), (b) and (c).
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 10

It should also be considered if the information on the characteristics of the food contains aspects
pertinent to the beneficial effect.
SUBSTANTIATION OF CLAIMS BY GENERALLY ACCEPTABLE SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE

Scientific substantiation is the main aspect to be taken into account to authorise health claims. Claims
should be scientifically substantiated by taking into account the totality of the available scientific
data, and by weighing the evidence, and shall demonstrate the extent to which:
(a) the claimed effect of the food is beneficial for human health,
(b) a cause and effect relationship is established between consumption of the food and the
claimed effect in humans (such as: the strength, consistency, specificity, dose-
response, and biological plausibility of the relationship),
(c) the quantity of the food and pattern of consumption required to obtain the claimed
effect could reasonably be achieved as part of a balanced diet,
(d) the specific study group(s) in which the evidence was obtained is representative of the
target population for which the claim is intended.
EFSA has mentioned in its scientific and technical guidance for the preparation and presentation of
the application for authorisation of health claims consistent criteria for the potential sources of
scientific data. Such sources may not be available for all health claims. Nevertheless it will be
relevant and important that EFSA comments on the availability and quality of such data in order to
allow the regulator to judge and make a risk management decision about the acceptability of health
claims included in the submitted list.
The scientific evidence about the role of a food on a nutritional or physiological function is not
enough to justify the claim. The beneficial effect of the dietary intake has also to be demonstrated.
Moreover, the beneficial effect should be significant i.e. satisfactorily demonstrate to beneficially
affect identified functions in the body in a way which is relevant to health. Although an appreciation
of the beneficial effect in relation to the nutritional status of the European population may be of
interest, the presence or absence of the actual need for a nutrient or other substance with nutritional or
physiological effect for that population should not, however, condition such considerations.
Different types of effects can be claimed. Claims referring to the maintenance of a function may be
distinct from claims referring to the improvement of a function. EFSA may wish to comment whether
such different claims comply with the criteria laid down in the Regulation.
WORDING OF HEALTH CLAIMS

Scientific substantiation of health claims is the main aspect on which EFSA's opinion is requested.
However, the wording of health claims should also be commented by EFSA in its opinion.
There is potentially a plethora of expressions that may be used to convey the relationship between the
food and the function. This may be due to commercial practices, consumer perception and linguistic
or cultural differences across the EU. Nevertheless, the wording used to make health claims should be
truthful, clear, reliable and useful to the consumer in choosing a healthy diet.
In addition to fulfilling the general principles and conditions of the Regulation laid down in Article 3
and 5, Article 13(1)(a) stipulates that health claims shall describe or refer to "the role of a nutrient or
other substance in growth, development and the functions of the body". Therefore, the requirement to
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 11

describe or refer to the 'role' of a nutrient or substance in growth, development and the functions of
the body should be carefully considered.
The specificity of the wording is very important. Health claims such as "Substance X supports the
function of the joints" may not sufficiently do so, whereas a claim such as "Substance X helps
maintain the flexibility of the joints" would. In the first example of a claim it is unclear which of the
various functions of the joints is described or referred to contrary to the latter example which
specifies this by using the word "flexibility".
The clarity of the wording is very important. The guiding principle should be that the description or
reference to the role of the nutrient or other substance shall be clear and unambiguous and therefore
be specified to the extent possible i.e. descriptive words/ terms which can have multiple meanings
should be avoided. To this end, wordings like "strengthens your natural defences" or "contain
antioxidants" should be considered as well as "may" or "might" as opposed to words like
"contributes", "aids" or "helps".
In addition, for functions affected by a large number of dietary factors it should be considered
whether wordings such as "indispensable", "necessary", "essential" and "important" reflects the
strength of the scientific evidence.
Similar alternative wordings as mentioned above are used for claims relating to different relationships
between the various foods and health. It is not the intention of the regulator to adopt a detailed and
rigid list of claims where all possible wordings for the different claims are approved. Therefore, it is
not required that EFSA comments on each individual wording for each claim unless the wording is
strictly pertinent to a specific claim. It would be appreciated though that EFSA may consider and
comment generally on such elements relating to wording to ensure the compliance with the criteria
laid down in the Regulation.
In doing so the explanation provided for in recital 16 of the Regulation on the notion of the average
consumer should be recalled. In addition, such assessment should take into account the particular
perspective and/or knowledge in the target group of the claim, if such is indicated or implied.
TERMS OF REFERENCE
HEALTH CLAIMS OTHER THAN THOSE REFERRING TO THE REDUCTION OF DISEASE RISK AND TO
CHILDREN'S DEVELOPMENT AND HEALTH
EFSA should in particular consider, and provide advice on the following aspects:
 Whether adequate information is provided on the characteristics of the food pertinent to the
beneficial effect.
 Whether the beneficial effect of the food on the function is substantiated by generally
accepted scientific evidence by taking into account the totality of the available scientific data,
and by weighing the evidence. In this context EFSA is invited to comment on the nature and
quality of the totality of the evidence provided according to consistent criteria.
 The specific importance of the food for the claimed effect. For functions affected by a large
number of dietary factors whether a reference to a single food is scientifically pertinent.
In addition, EFSA should consider the claimed effect on the function, and provide advice on the
extent to which:
 the claimed effect of the food in the identified function is beneficial.
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 12

 a cause and effect relationship has been established between consumption of the food and the
claimed effect in humans and whether the magnitude of the effect is related to the quantity
consumed.
 where appropriate, the effect on the function is significant in relation to the quantity of the
food proposed to be consumed and if this quantity could reasonably be consumed as part of a
balanced diet.
 the specific study group(s) in which the evidence was obtained is representative of the target
population for which the claim is intended.
 the wordings used to express the claimed effect reflect the scientific evidence and complies
with the criteria laid down in the Regulation.
When considering these elements EFSA should also provide advice, when appropriate:
 on the appropriate application of Article 10 (2) (c) and (d) in the Regulation, which provides
for additional labelling requirements addressed to persons who should avoid using the food;
and/or warnings for products that are likely to present a health risk if consumed to excess.
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 13

APPENDIX B
EFSA DISCLAIMER
The present opinion does not constitute, and cannot be construed as, an authorisation to the marketing
of the food/food constituent, a positive assessment of its safety, nor a decision on whether the
food/food constituent is, or is not, classified as foodstuffs. It should be noted that such an assessment
is not foreseen in the framework of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006.
It should also be highlighted that the scope, the proposed wordings of the claims and the conditions of
use as proposed in the Consolidated List may be subject to changes, pending the outcome of the
authorisation procedure foreseen in Article 13(3) of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006.
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 14

APPENDIX C
Table 1. Main entry health claims related to “food(s)/food constituent(s) with antioxidant properties”,
including conditions of use from similar claims, as proposed in the Consolidated List.
ID Food or Food constituent Health Relationship Proposed wording

570 Berry seed oils (super-critical Antioxidativity Contain a lot of antioxidants.
carbon dioxide extract)
Conditions of use
- Seed oils from wild berries such as lingonberry, bilberry and cranberry and from domestic
berries such as strawberry and raspberry and sea buckthorn berry oils produced by means of
supercritical carbon dioxide extraction. The amount was not indicated.
Food or Food constituent Health Relationship Proposed wording
1200 Black Currant juice Oxidative stress control Blackcurrent juice helps to :
- protect cells against
oxidative damages
- strengthen the immune
system
Conditions of use
- One time 200 ml
1229 Royal jelly Antioxidant properties Royal jelly could promote the
protection of the cells against
certain harmful effects
provoked by free radicals.
Conditions of use
- Minimum 50 mg royal jelly in the daily portion of the product.
1243 PROPOLIS Antioxidant properties Helps increase the
antioxidative capacity of the
body
Has antioxidant properties
Contains naturally occuring
antioxidants
Antioxidants help protect you
from free radicals
Antioxidants help protect your
cells and tissues from
oxidation
Antioxidants contribute to the
total antioxidant capacity of
the body and help strenghthen
our body's defences
Antioxidants help to protect
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 15

our body by reinforcing the

body's natural defence against
the effects of free radicals
Antioxidants containing foods
and drinks contribute to
keeping your body healthy
Contributes to the protection
against oxidation
Acts as an antioxidants
Helps preventing oxidation
Good source of antioxidant
Conditions of use
- Internal use: 0,7-1,3 g per day
- 0,7-1,3 g per day. Safe limits of use : 2 g of propolis/kg/day (ref:5-6-7). Warning : Not for
people who are allergic to the propolis - No interaction to the association of propolis with
the administration of traditional therapeutic substance, either natural or synthetic, has been
observed.
1256 Acerola Antioxidant activity Acerola is a major dietary
source of antioxidants
Antioxidants from dietary
sources contribute to the
protection against free radicals
which cause cell damage
of cells and tissues from
oxidative damage
Help strengthen our body's
natural defences against
oxidative stress
Conditions of use
- At least 10 g per day
1257 Banana Antioxidant activity Banana is a major dietary
oxidative damage
oxidative stress
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 16

Conditions of use
1258 Guava Antioxidative activity Guava is a major dietary
contributes to the protection of
oxidative damage
help strengthen our body's
oxidative stress
Conditions of use
1260 Kaki Antioxidant activity Kaki is a major dietary source
of antioxidants
oxidative damage
oxidative stress
Conditions of use
1264 Purple Grape Juice Antioxidant activity Purple grape juice is a major
dietary source of antioxidants/
which cause cell
damage/contributes to the
protection of cells and tissues
from oxidative damage/
help strengthen our body's
oxidative stress
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 17

Conditions of use
1285 Prunes (Dried plums) Contains antioxidants Prunes are a natural source of
(good for you) antioxidants
Prunes are a (good) source of
antioxidants
Prunes are high in antioxidants
Conditions of use
- Recommended daily intake of 40g -100g (5-12 prunes). To also present a statement which
conveys that there is a risk that excess consumption of prunes may cause mild laxative
effects.
1315 Chios Mastiha Natural resin Mastiha Chiou has an Mastiha Chiou has an
Protected Designation of antioxidant action. Target antioxidant action.
Origin product. (PDO) Group: Whole population / no
(EC)123/1997 restrictions
(L022/24.1.97)
Conditions of use
- The daily dose for expressing antioxidation action, should be at least 1,5gr for 1h chewing
or 0.7 gr of Mastiha swallowing or more according to clinical studies. According to the
same clinical studies doses up to 5 gr/day, for a period of 18 months have no side effects to
human health.
1321 Honey Antioxidant properties 1. Helps increase the
Target Group : For children
body
and adults older than three
years old 2. Has antioxidant properties
Excluded Group : Nobody 3. Contains naturally occuring
(only person who are allergic) antioxidants
4. Antioxidants help protect
you from radicals which cause
cell damage
5. Antioxidants contribute to
the total antioxidant capacity
of the body and help
strenghthen our body's
defences
6. Antioxidants help to protect
our body by reinforcing the
body's natural defence against
the harmful effects of free
radicals
7. Acts as an antioxidants
8.Good source of antioxidant
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 18

9.Show antioxidative activity

and help protect against
oxidative stress
Conditions of use
- 0-30 g per day. Safe limits of use : No limits. Warning : Not for people who are allergic to
the honey - No interaction to the association of honey with the administration of traditional
therapeutic substance, either natural or synthetic, has been observed.
1367 Name of Food product: Olive Health benefits of food: A Exact wording of claim as it
Biophenols potent source of antioxidant appears on product: A potent
biophenols for strengthening source of antioxidant
Description of food in terms
and balancing of the immune biophenols for strengthening
of food legislation categories:
system from free radicals and balancing of the immune
Food supplement
system from free radicals
Do benefits relate to a disease
Was food on Irish market
risk factor: No Examples of any alternative
before 1st July 2007: No
wording that may be used in
Target group: All of the
relation to claim: Olive
general population including
biophenols are important for a
children and adults
balanced immune system.
Antioxidant activity of olive
biophenols for healthy and
balanced immune system
Is claim a picture: No
Conditions of use
- Number of nutrients/other substances that are essential to claimed effect: 1. Names of
nutrient/other substances and Quantity in Average daily serving: 100g Olive Biophenols.
Weight of average daily food serving: 200 miligram(s). Daily amount to be consumed to
produce claimed effect: 200 miligram(s). Number of food portions this equates to in
everyday food portions: 1. Are there factors that could interfere with bioavailability: No.
Length of time after consumption for claimed effect to become apparent: 1-2 weeks
depending on the individual. Is there a limit to the amount of food which should be
consumed in order to avoid adverse health effects: No. Where applicable outline nutritional
composition (g per 100g) of food: Total Fat: .00. Saturated Fat: 1.24. Trans Fat:
.08. Sugar: .00. Salt: .00. Sodium: .07
1439 Antioxidant from processed Antioxidant properties Antioxidant contained in this
fruits and vegetables and product contribute to the anti-
juices oxidative functions of the
body/ensure protective effect
on the organism;
Conditions of use
- Erwachsene. Amount of consumption: 40 Milliliter (ml). Period of consumption: 4 bis 6
Wochen
- Jugendliche, Erwachsene, Kinder, Säuglinge, Kleinkinder. Amount of consumption: 20 -
300 Milliliter (ml). Period of consumption: 4 bis 6 Wochen
- Erwachsene. Amount of consumption: 300 Milliliter (ml). Period of consumption: 4 bis 6
Wochen
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 19

- Jugendliche, Erwachsene. Amount of consumption: 150 Milliliter (ml). Period of

consumption: 4 bis 6 Wochen
- possible if one of the other claims concerning a specific antioxidant is acceptable
- Amount of consumption: 8 ml/kg KGW oder 500 - 1000 ml einmalig oder 336 ml dreimal
täglich. Period of consumption: einmalig oder dreimal täglich
1445 Anthocyanins Antioxidant Contains naturally occurring
antioxidants, which may help
to protect against the damage
caused by free radicals, as part
of a healthy lifestyle.
Conditions of use
- For consumer to receive the expected health benefits from anthocyanins, at least 20 to 40
mg/day must be consumed. For the hibiscus drink range this is equivalent to at least 1
serving of the original and sparkling hibiscus drink, or 1 serving of the grape hibiscus drink
or 1 serving of the peppermint hibiscus drink. At least 2 servings of the cordial (32 ml in 100
ml of water) are necessary. The acceptable daily intake for anthocyanins is 150 mg/day. A
warning is necessary for consumers not exceed this ADI limit.
- 15 - 20mg per portion of anthocyanins (calculated as cyanidin-3-glucoside).
1468 Betalains Antioxidant properties Betalains containing foods
contribute to keep your body
healthy
Antioxidant containing foods
support of healthy ageing
the body and may help
strengthen our body´s
defences
Conditions of use
- phytoconstituent's content in fruits and vegetables expressed in comparison with the daily
needs and threshold for activity up to 16 mg
- Phyto-Bestandteile in Obst und Gemüse im Vergleich zum tägl. Bedarf und zum
Schwellenwert einer Wirkung/ bis zu 16 mg
1679 VitaGrape® Grape Seed Excellent source of oligoremic VitaGrape® Grape Seed
Extract 95% OPC proanthocyanidins that have Extract is an excellent source
been associated with the of oligoremic
reduction of oxidative stress. proanthocyanidins (OPC‟s),
compounds that have been
associated with the reduction
of oxidative stress.
Conditions of use
- 100 mg – 600 mg daily recommended dose, which provides 95 to 570 of OPC‟s.
Recommended daily dose for children 0-12 months is no more than 25 mg/day.
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 20

- Für alle Bevölkerungs–gruppen geeignet–Tagesdosis:–100 mg

- Tagesdosis OPC: 150 mg als auf OPC standardisierten Traubenkernextrakt–Als Kapsel–
Erwachsene
- More than 10 mg OPC daily
1706 squalene idrocarburo Antioxidant activity, Squalen, in the sebum of the
protection of body tessue and skin acts as antioxidant and
skin from oxidant agents (UV protects the skin from
rays) damages produced by UV rays
Conditions of use
- 200-400 mg per day
1797 Chlorella algae (Chorella Antioxidativity Antioxidant.Antioxidant.
pyrenoidosa)
Conditions of use
- Food supplement with a Chlorella algae (Chorella pyrenoidosa) content of 1070-1780 mg in
the daily dose.
- 1-2g of algae per day, not recommended to pregnant and breast-feeding women, drink down
with enough amount of water
1805 Flavonoids from green tea, Antioxidativity Exceptionally strong organic
apple and onion antioxidant.
Conditions of use
- Capsules with flavonoids from green tea (ECGC, epigallocatechin gallate), apple and onion
(chemferol, myricetin, quercetin). According to the respondent, the “minimum effect/day”
for synergic flavonoids is 25 mg, and one capsule is enough to exceed the minimum. The
positive effects of flavonoids were said to increase to a certain level as the dose increases.
However, flavonoids do not accumulate.
1808 Flaxseed husk extract/lignans Antioxidativity Antioxidant.
Conditions of use
- Food supplement with 250mg of flaxseed husk extract, 50 mg of which is lignans, in the
daily dose.
1833 Phenol compounds of Antioxidativity Cranberry-lingonberry juice
cranberry and lingonberry contains natural phenolic
(catechins, flavonoids, compounds that are health-
phenolic acids, anthocyanins, promoting antioxidants.
lignans) + ascorbic acid
Conditions of use
- Unsweetened 100% cranberry-lingonberry juice with 45.5 mg/100g, 91 mg/serving, 91 mg
/daily serving of quantified phenol compounds (catechins, flavonoids, phenolic acids,
anthocyanins, lignans), 41 mg/100g, 82 mg/serving, 82 mg/daily serving of ascorbic acid
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 21

and 350 mg/100g, 700mg/serving, 700mg/daily serving of total phenols. The concentrations
are analysed from processed juice.
1850 Sea buckthorn oil and Antioxidativity Sea buckthorn berry extract
flavonoids extracted from sea contains antioxidants and
buckthorn berries flavonoids.
Flavonoids may intercept free
radicals.
Conditions of use
- Flavonoids extracted from sea buckthorn (Hippohaê rhamnoides) berries, but the amount in
not indicated.
- The claims concern sea buckthorn oil, which contains both CO2-extracted oil from the pulp
and seeds of the berry as well as flavonoid fraction extracted from sea buckthorn berry.
1867 Name of Food product: Health benefits of food: Exact wording of claim as it
Spirulina Antioxidative appears on product: Spirulina
is a rich source of antioxidants
Description of food in terms Do benefits relate to a disease
that help the body to protect
of food legislation categories: risk factor: No
against the consequences of
Food supplement
Target group: All of the oxidative stress
Was food on Irish market general population including
Examples of any alternative
before 1st July 2007: Yes children and adults
relation to claim: Assists the
body to protect against
oxidation
Conditions of use
- Weight of average daily food serving: 3 gram(s). Daily amount to be consumed to
produce claimed effect: 2 gram(s). Number of food portions this equates to in everyday
food portions: 1. Are there factors that could interfere with bioavailability: Yes. Please
give reason: excess heat will destroy many of the phytonutrients collectively responsible for
the antioxidative effect. Length of time after consumption for claimed effect to become
apparent: Only accurately known after oxidation tests of the body. Is there a limit to the
amount of food which should be consumed in order to avoid adverse health effects: No.
Where applicable outline nutritional composition (g per 100g) of food: Total Fat: 7.00.
Saturated Fat: 4.70. Trans Fat: .00. Sugar: .12. Salt: .00. Sodium: .32. Other
conditions for use: Regular use in sufficient amounts over a period of weeks or months
1878 Name of Food product: Olive Health benefits of food: A Exact wording of claim as it
Biophenols potent source of olive appears on product: A potent
biophenols that have anti-UV source of olive biophenols that
damage properties have anti-UV damage
of food legislation categories:
properties
Food supplement Do benefits relate to a disease
risk factor: No Examples of any alternative
Was food on Irish market
before 1st July 2007: No Target group: All of the
relation to claim: Olive
general population including
biophenols can help in
children and adults
repairing skin damage due to
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 22

sun burn and UV rays

Conditions of use
nutrient/other substances and Quantity in Average daily serving: 100g Olive Biophenols.
Weight of average daily food serving: 200 miligram(s). Daily amount to be consumed to
produce claimed effect: 200 miligram(s). Number of food portions this equates to in
everyday food portions: 1. Are there factors that could interfere with bioavailability: No.
Length of time after consumption for claimed effect to become apparent: 1-2 weeks
depending on the individual's state of health. Is there a limit to the amount of food which
should be consumed in order to avoid adverse health effects: No. Where applicable outline
nutritional composition (g per 100g) of food: Total Fat: .00. Saturated Fat: 1.24. Trans
Fat: .08. Sugar: .00. Salt: .00. Sodium: .07
Triphala Triphala has a strong appears on product: Triphala
antioxidant effect is a source of antioxidant
of food legislation categories: Do benefits relate to a disease Examples of any alternative
Food supplement risk factor: No wording that may be used in
relation to claim: Has
Was food on Irish market Target group: Adults aged 18
antioxidant activies/ has
before 1st July 2007: No years and over with some
antioxidant activity/ protection
exceptions
from free radicals which cause
If exceptions describe: cell damage/protects cells and
Pregnant, lactating women tissues from oxidative
and children damage/helps strengthen the
bodys natural defenses against
Reasons for excluding these
oxidative stress/protective
groups: These groups of
effects due to antioxidant/
people should avoid taking
contributes to the total
Triphala just as they should
antioxidant capacity of the
avoid taking any unnecessary
body/ helps prevent oxidative
supplements due to being
damage/Helps reduce
vulnerable populations.
oxidative stress
Triphala is not suitable during
pregnancy as its "downward Is claim a picture: No
flowing" energy is believed to
favour miscarriage
Conditions of use
nutrient/other substances and Quantity in Average daily serving: 270 mg Triphala. Weight
of average daily food serving: 270 miligram(s). Daily amount to be consumed to produce
claimed effect: 270 miligram(s). Number of food portions this equates to in everyday food
portions: 3. Are there factors that could interfere with bioavailability: No. Length of time
after consumption for claimed effect to become apparent: 3-6 weeks. Is there a limit to the
amount of food which should be consumed in order to avoid adverse health effects: No.
Other conditions for use: This beverage should be consumed as part of a varied, balanced
and healthy lifestyle. Three beverages are to be consumed daily in order to gain benefit.
This product should be avoided by pregnant, lactating women and children.
1921 Chlorophyll in sprouted seed Naturally occuring Contains chlorophyll, a natural
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 23

antioxidants directly neutralise anti-oxidant giving enhanced

free radicals defence against free radicals.
Conditions of use
- Levels present verified by analysis – see attached sheet. To also refer to consumption of
sprouts in a balanced diet as part of the „Five a day‟ NHS dietary recommendations.
1934 Sulphoraphane Glucosinolate Enhancing anti-oxidant Broccoli sprouts contain SGS
activity. (Sulphoraphane glucosinolate)
which enhances anti-oxidant
Reduces the amount of activity and boosts the
oxidative stress or cell elimination of free radicals.
destruction caused by free
radicals.
Conditions of use
- Verify levels present in Broccoli strain used by analysis. Need to confirm seed variant used
to oproduce product is one the variants producing elevated levels of SGS – Not all broccoli
seeds do. To also refer to consumption of broccoli sprouts in a balanced diet as part of the
„Five a day‟ NHS dietary recommendations.
1940 Anthocyans from elderberry Oxidative stress control (Anthocyans from) elderberry
juice juice help to :
oxidative damages
system
Conditions of use
- One time 150 or 200 ml
1941 Antioxidants from Oxidative stress control (Antioxidants from)
pomegranate juice pomegranate
- plays an important
antioxidative function
oxidative damages
system
- strengthen the body's
defences
Conditions of use
- One time 180 ml
1957 Resveratrol Antioxydant properties Due to its antioxidant activity,
resveratrol contributes to cell
protection from the damage
caused by free radicals.
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 24

Provides antioxidant
protection.
Helps to scavenge free radicals
which are responsible for skin
aging.
Helps to fight against skin
aging thanks to its antioxidant
activity.
Conditions of use
- Resveratrol from grape extract. From 1mg to 10 mg resveratrol per day
1966 Single and oligomeric flavan- Antioxidant Activity This Food Component
3-ols. scavenges free radicals and
has significant antioxidant
activity.
Conditions of use
- 50-300 mg/day of Single and Oligomeric flavan-3-ols in concentrations > 85%, and with
Composition and Characteristics as specified in Section 2 of this dossier.
1969 polyphenols from French antioxidant properties Polyphenols from French
maritime pine bark maritime pine bark ensure
antioxidant action.
Polyphenols from French
maritime pine bark ensure
protective effect of the
organism
Conditions of use
- 40-60 mg per day
1971 Glutathion Antioxydant antioxydant,
contributes to the antioxidant
defense system,
contributes to the body‟s
immune response
Conditions of use
- 50 to 100 mg / day
1988 Allium cepa (Common Name Antioxidative properties Specific antioxidant for
: Onion) smokers
Conditions of use
- Bulb, leaf / The equivalent of 0.5-1g per day
- bulwa, liście/ równowartość 0.5-1 g na dzień
- Amount of consumption: 0 Gramm (g) /Tag. Upper limit: 1 Gramm (g). Other condition:
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 25

Zwiebel, Kraut / Äquivalent von 0.5-1g täglich

1989 Allium sativum (aged garlic) Antioxidant activity Contains antioxidant/s;
(Common Name : Aged
Is a source of antioxdiant/s.
garlic)
With antioxidant/s.
Helps increase the
body
Conditions of use
- bulwa, liście/ ekstrakt z sezonowanego czosnku/ równowartość 50 mg na dzień
- Bulbe 6x300mg/jour
- Bulb, leaf / The equivalent of 50 mg per day
- Amount of consumption: 50 Milligramm (mg) /Tag. Other condition: Zwiebel, Kraut /
Äquivalent von 50 mg täglich
1999 Aspalathus linearis Antioxidant properties Contains antioxidant/s;
(Common Name :
Rooibos/Red bush)
With antioxidant/s.
Has antioxidant properties
Acts as free radical scavengers
antioxidants
from free radicals
oxidation
the body and help strengthen
our body´s defences
Conditions of use
- pędy płonne /liście: zwykle konsumpowane jako tradycyjny artykuł żywnościowy w
normalnej diecie/ równowartość 2 g przy jednorazowej konsumpcji
- Rooibos extract content 0,15% of the product, detailed technical product specification - see:
dossier as file 'Rooibos'.
- Monoprodukt oder Zutat einer Mischung, zur Zubereitung eines Heißaufgusses
- leaf/ 2 g of rooibos tea as infusion / equivalent preparations
- Leaf / Usual consumption as traditional foodstuff in a normal diet / The eauivalent of 2 g per
consumption occasion
- Amount of consumption: 2 Gramm (g) /Verzehr. Other condition: Blätter Oberirdische Teile
/ Üblicher Verzehr als traditionelles Lebensmittel im Rahmen einer ausgewogenen
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 26

Ernährung / Äauivalent von 2 g pro Verzehr

2020 Cinnamomum zeylanicum Antioxidant Has antioxidant significant
BARK activity
Conditions of use
- bark / 1,5-4g of dried bark of dried bark or as an infusion
- Powder: 1.0-0.1g/day. All over 2 years old: 2-4 years ¼ adult dose, 4-10 years half adult
dose.
2021 Cherries (Prunus cerasus), Antioxidant support [Tart/sour] cherries provide a
including Montmorency, rich source of antioxidants.
Balaton or other sour/tart
cherry varieties
Conditions of use
- Variable, depending on formulation e.g. concentrate for dilution in water (typically 30 ml
per day) or freeze-dried extract (typically, 1-2 capsules daily)
- Es werden nur die Nährstoffe beworben, die lt. Nährwertkennzeichnungs-verordnung
(Anlage 1) mindestens 15 Prozent der empfohlenen Tagesdosis in 100 g oder 100 ml
enthalten.
2025 Citrus paradisi (Common Antioxidant properties Antioxidative
Name : Grapefruit) properties/supports the body
organs and tissues in case of
oxidative damage
Conditions of use
- owoc/ równowartość 250 ml naturalnego soku z grejpfruta
- Fruit / The equivalent of 250 ml of fresh grapefruit juice.
2043 Capsicum Extract -–with Required for the reduction of As an antioxidant helps reduce
Capsaicin oxidative stress. damage to the body tissues.
Conditions of use
- Animal study showing that capsaicin resists oxidative stress and depletion of intracellular
thiols. Animal study (1-3mg/kg body weight for up to three days) shows capsaicin to be
potent antioxidant.
2049 Elderberry Sambucus nigra Antioxidant properties Elderberry is rich in the
antioxidants anthocyanins and
flavonoids
Conditions of use
- Juice equal to 50 g berries
- Früchte, Blüten / Üblicher Verzehr als traditionelles Lebensmittel im Rahmen einer
ausgewogenen Ernährung / Äquivalent von 5 g Blüten oder Beeren pro Tag
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 27


2059 Natural Grape Extract. From Rich in polyphenols In healthy balanced diet
red grape skin natural Grape antioxidants
- Act as antioxidants
help to protect body‟s cells
- Antioxidant is a compound against free-radicals, and so
able to scavenge free radicals make a contribution towards
in the body and stop the reinforcing body's defences
oxidative chain reaction
With natural grape
antioxidants
With natural grape
polyphenols
Conditions of use
- Daily recommended dose : 200mg to 800mg (equivalent to 1litre of grape juice or 1.4kg of
fresh grape)
2060 Grape seed extract Antioxidant activity Grape seed proanthocyanidins
have been found to have a
number of antioxidant
activities
Conditions of use
- up to 300 mg/day
- Drink with 40 mg/100 g, 200 mg/serving of wine leaf extract/grape seed extract.
- Minimum 300 mg grape seed extract in the daily portion of the product (containing more
than 90 % polyphenols).
2061 Natural Grape Extract. From - Rich in polyphenols In healthy balanced diet
white grape skin. Solvent natural Grape antioxidants
free help to protect body‟s cells
With natural grape
polyphenols
With natural grape
antioxidants
Conditions of use
fresh grape)
2083 Lycium Barbarum (Common Antioxidant properties Contains antioxidant/s;
Name : Wolfberry)
With antioxidant/s.
Contributes to the cell
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 28

Can protect your cells and

tissues from oxidation
Can contribute to the total
body
Conditions of use
- Whole fruits including seeds and flesh / The equivalent of 10 to 50 g of the whole fruit per
day
- całe owoce włącznie z pestkami i miąższem/ równowartośćod 10 do 50 g całego owoca na
dzień
- Whole fruits including seeds and flesh / concentrated fruit extract in combination with
Schisandra fruit extract 500 mg/d
- ganze Frucht mit Samen und Fruchtfleisch / Äquivalent von 10 - 50 g ganzer Früchte pro
Tag
2087 Melissa officinalis (Common Antioxidant properties Acts as an antioxidant
Name : Lemon Balm )
Helps preventing oxidation
Contributes to a good and
calm rest
Conditions of use
- 80 – 240 mg of dried extract
- Blatt / Übliche Konsumation als traditionelles LM im Rahmen der normalen Ernährung /
Äquivalent von 1,5 – 4,5 g Blätter pro Tag. Blatt / Übliche Konsumation als traditionelles
LM im Rahmen der normalen Ernährung. Blatt / Übliche Konsumation als traditionelles LM
im Rahmen der normalen Ernährung / Äquivalent von 1,5 – 9 g Blätter pro Tag
- liście/ zwykle konsumowane jako tradycyjny artykuł żywnościowy w normalnej diecie/
równowartość 1.5- 4.5 g liścia na dzień
- Leaf / Usual consumption as traditional foodstuff in a normal diet / The equivalent of 1,5-
4,5 g leaves per day
- Blätter / Üblicher Verzehr als traditionelles Lebensmittel im Rahmen einer ausgewogenen
Ernährung / Äquivalent von 1,5- 4,5 g Blättern pro Tag
2090 Matricaria recutita (Common Antioxidant properties Contains antioxidant/s;
Name : Chamomile
Camomile)
With antioxidant/s.
antioxidants
from free radicals
oxidation
Conditions of use
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 29

- Flower / Usual consumption as traditional foodstuff in a normal diet

- kwiat/ Zwykle konsumowany jako tradycyjny artykuł żywnościowy w normalnej diecie
- Blüten/ Üblicher Verzehr als traditionelles Lebensmittel im Rahmen einer ausgewogenen
Ernährung
- Jugendliche, Erwachsene. Amount of consumption: 30 – 40. Period of consumption: nicht
begrenzt
2125 Rosmarinus officinalis Antioxidant properties Contains naturally occurring
(Common Name : Rosemary) antioxidants
from radicals which cause cell
damage
oxidative damage
the body
Conditions of use
- liście/ zwykle konsumowane jako tradycyjny artykuł żywnościowy w normalnej diecie/
równowartość 4-6g zioła na dzień
- agesdosis Rosmarinextrakt: 120 mg–Erwachsene Tagesdosis Rosmarinextrakt: 120 mg–
Erwachsene.
- Leaf / Usual consumption as traditional foodstuff in a normal diet / The equivalent of 2 g of
herb per day
- Blätter / Üblicher Verzehr als traditionelles Lebensmittel im Rahmen einer ausgewogenen
Ernährung / Äquivalent von 4 - 6 g Kraut pro Tag
2132 Syzygium aramaticum. Antioxidant Has antioxidant properties
FLOWER BUD
Conditions of use
- Powder: 1.0-0.05g/day
2136 Sambucus nigra (Common Antioxidative properties. Show antioxidative activity
Name : Elderberry) and help protect against
oxidative stress
Contains naturally occurring
antioxidants
damage
antioxidants help protect your
oxidative damage
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 30

Conditions of use
- owoc, kwiaty/ zwykle konsumowane jako tradycyjny artykuł żywnościowy w normalnej
diecie/ równowartość 5g kwiatów lub owoców na dzień
- 400 ml Saft, einmalig
- Frucht / Übliche Konsumation als traditionelles LM im Rahmen der normalen Ernährung /
ein Äquivalent von 5 g Beeren pro Tag
- Fruit, flowers / Usual consumption as traditional foodstuff in a normal diet / The equivalent
of 5 gram flowers or berries per day.
2144 Standardized grape seed For antioxidant protection Contains naturally occurring
extract [Dry extract from system antioxidants /for cells
grape seeds of Vitis vinifera protection/helps protect cells
L. (Vitaceae), solvent of from free radical damage,
extraction Acetone/Water,
Antioxidants help protect the
8.5 - 13.0%
body cells from radicals which
proanthocyanidins]
cause cell damage,
Antioxidants help protect the
body cells and tissues from
oxidative damage
Conditions of use
- Seed / Usual consumption as traditional foodstuff in a normal diet 25-50 mg
- Seed / Usual consumption as traditional foodstuff in a normal diet 25-50 mg
2151 Thymus vulgaris (Common Antioxidant properties Contains naturally occurring
Name : Thyme) antioxidants
from free radicals
oxidation
strengthen our
Conditions of use
- Flower, leaf / Equivalent to 10 g of leaf / The equivalent of 3-6 g herb per day
- Blüte, Blatt / Verwendung als Gewürz in Lebensmitteln / Äquivalent von 10 g Blatt /
Äquivalent von 3 – 6 g Kraut pro Tag
- kwiat, liście/ zwykle konsumowane jako tradycyjny artykuł żywnościowy w normalnej
diecie/ równowartość 3-6 g zioła na dzień
- Blüten,Blätter /Üblicher Verzehr als traditionelles Lebensmittel im Rahmen einer
ausgewogenen Ernährung/ Äquivalent von 3- 10 g Kraut pro Tag
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 31

2154 Vaccinium macrocarpon Antioxidant properties Contains antioxidant/s;

(Common Name : Cranberry)
With antioxidant/s.
antioxidants
from free radicals
oxidation
Conditions of use
- owoce/zwykle konsumowane jako tradycyjny artykuł żywnościowy w normalnej diecie/
równowartość minimum 15ml soku z żurawin lub 800 mg owocu żurawiny na dzień
- Fruit. The equivalent of mininum 15 ml of cranberry juice or 800 mg of cranberry solids per
day
- Food supplement containing 500 mg/day of cranberry extract (Vaccinium macrocarpon).
The cranberry extract is the patented CranMax extract.
- Früchte/ Üblicher Verzehr als traditionelles Lebensmittel im Rahmen einer ausgewogenen
Ernährung/ Äquivalent von mind. 15 ml Cranberrysaft oder 800 mg fester
Beerenbestandteile pro Tag
2156 Vitis vinifera (Common Antioxidant properties Contains antioxidant/s;
Name : Grape)
With antioxidant/s.
antioxidants
from free radicals
oxidation
Conditions of use
- Erwachsene. Period of consumption: entspr. mind. 250 ml Rotwein
- Früchte, Blätter, Samen / Üblicher Verzehr als traditionelles Lebensmittel im Rahmen einer
ausgewogenen Ernährung / Äquivalent von 5 g Blättern pro Tag
- owoc, liście, nasiona/ zwykle konsumowane jako tradycyjny artykuł żywnościowy w
normalnej diecie/ równowartość 5g liścia na dzień
- Fruit, leaf, seed / Usual consumption as ttradtional foodstuff in a normal diet / The
equivalent of 5 g of leaf per day or Leaf/equivalent of 360-720 mg per day of dry extract of
red vine leave (4-6:1)
- Marc 6x250mg/jour
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 32

2181 Emblica officinalis (common Antioxidant properties Contains naturally occurring

name: Emblica officinalis) antioxidants
damage
oxidative damage
strengthen our body´s
defences;
Contains antioxidant/s
With antioxidant/s.
Conditions of use
- Fruits/ an extracts about 100 –500 mg
- Fruit/ The equivalent of 3-6 g of dried fruit per day
2188 Grapefrukt//Citrus paradisi Antioxidant properties Har en antioxidant effekt som
(Common Name : kan skydda kroppens celler.
Grapefruit) Antioxidant effect protecting
body´s cells
Conditions of use
- Observing the recommended daily dose
- Fruit / The equivalent of 250 ml of fresh grapefruit juice
2193 Acerola Antioxidant activity Acerola is a major dietary
source of antioxidants/
which cause cell oxidation/
oxidation/
oxidative stress
Conditions of use
- at least 10 g per day
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 33

2263 Guava Antioxidative activity Guava is a major dietary

oxidation/
oxidative stress
Conditions of use
2321 Pitanga Antioxidant activity Pitanga is a major dietary
oxidation/
oxidative stress
Conditions of use
- At least 100 g per day / Used as part of a multibotanical combination
2475 Helps eliminate harmful
Phoenix dactylifera (Date) Antioxidant activity substances from the body and
ensures lively mind
Conditions of use
- Extract of fruit: 47 mg / Used as part of a multibotanical combination
Terminalia arjuna Terminalia arjuna posesses appears on product:
antioxidant activity. Terminalia arjuna protects the
bodys cells through its
of food legislation categories: Do benefits relate to a disease
antioxidant action.
Food supplement risk factor: No
Examples of any alternative
Was food on Irish market Target group: Adults aged 18
before 1st July 2007: No years and over with some
relation to claim:
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 34

exceptions An antioxidant that protects

If exceptions describe: the bodys cells
Pregnant and lactating Has antioxidant activity
women, and children.
A source of antioxidant
Reasons for excluding these
groups: These groups of Helps strengthen the bodys
people should avoid taking natural defences against
Terminalia arjuna just as they oxidative stress
should avoid taking any Acts as an antioxidant
unnecessary supplements due
to being vunerable groups. Helps to reduce oxidative
stress
Contributes to the
antioxidative functions of the
body
Contributes to the bodys total
antioxidant capacity
Protects cells and tissues from
oxidative damage
Has an antioxidant effect.
Conditions of use
nutrient/other substances and Quantity in Average daily serving: 400 miligrams Terminalia
arjuna. Weight of average daily food serving: 400 miligram(s). Daily amount to be
consumed to produce claimed effect: 400 miligram(s). Number of food portions this
equates to in everyday food portions: 2. Are there factors that could interfere with
bioavailability: No. Length of time after consumption for claimed effect to become
apparent: up to 6 weeks. Is there a limit to the amount of food which should be consumed in
order to avoid adverse health effects: No. Other conditions for use: This beverage must be
consumed as part of a varied, balanced, and healthy lifestyle. Two beverages must be
consumed daily in order to gain benefit. This product should be avoided by pregnant and
lactating women, and children.
2641 extract of Silybum marianum antioxidant
Conditions of use
- 15 drops of extract are equal of 130,2 mg of silybum seeds
2653 Extract from the red grapes antioxidant effects Helps to protect cells from the
skin free-radical damage
Helps to protect cells from the
damage caused by free-radical
Conditions of use
- at least 1g/day
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 35

2654 Extract from Hibiscus antioxidant effects helps to protect cells from the
Chinensis demage caused by free-radical
has cardioprotective effects
Conditions of use
- at least 1g/day
2668 Extract of olive leafs natural antioxidant protect Natural antioxidant, protect
(oleuropein) organism from oxidative organism from oxidative
damage powerful antioxidants demage, natural way to avoid
beneficial to human health risks caused by oxidation and
peroxidation process
Conditions of use
- 700 mg of olive leaf extract per day
2673 Ginseng, extract from root Acting as antioxidants. Strengthening the human
body, supply of lacking energy
and positive life force.
Antioxidant.
Conditions of use
- To be used 200 mg 1 - 2 times per day, where necessary within 1 - 2 months. Not intended
for children.
2734 Purslane (Portulaca oleracea Antioxidant properties Contributes to cell protection
L.) form the damage caused by
free radical, due to its
antioxidant properties.
Helps to protect the body
against free radicals.
Provides antioxidant
protection.
Protects the body‟s cells.
Can protect you from radicals
which cause cell damage.
Can protect your cells and
tissues from oxidative damage.
Can contribute to the total
body.
Conditions of use
- Whole plant - At least 1 g of plant per day
2795 Bilberry / flavonols + Antioxidativity - Due to many different
anthocyanidines phenolic compounds
Cardiovascular system
bilberry, like many other
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 36

berries, has a strong

antioxidative property.
- The antioxidant
compounds prevent the
oxidation of harmful LDL
cholesterol.
Conditions of use
- Bilberry containing anthocyanidines 800 mg/100 g = daily serving, 400 mg/50 g = serving,
and flavonoids 5 mg/100 g = daily serving, 2.5 mg/50 g = serving.
- Bilberry with 5 mg/100 g=daily serving, 2.5 g/50 g=serving of flavonols and 800 mg/100
g=daily serving, 400 mg/50 g=serving of anthocyanidines.
- Food supplement with 240-480 mg of bilberry extract containing 50-100 mg of anthocyanins
in the daily dose.
2800 Bilberry + pine bark Antioxidativity Antioxidant addition.
Conditions of use
- Food supplement with 40 mg of bilberry extract, 20 mg of mixture of bilberry leaf extract
and powder, 60 mg of pine bark extract and 200 mg of bilberry powder.
2817 Iceland moss extract Antioxidativity Nature‟s antioxidant.
(Cetraria islandica)
Conditions of use
- Iceland moss extract in which a daily dose is equivalent to 360-1080 mg of dried Iceland
moss (Cetraria islandica).
2823 Oregano (Oreganum vulgare) Antioxidativity Antioxidant effect.
Conditions of use
- Food supplement with 10-20 mg of oregano (Oreganum vulgare) in the daily dose.
2832 Wheat sprouts Antioxidativity Strong plant antioxidant.
Protect cells from premature
ageing.
Conditions of use
- Food supplement with 600-1200mg of wheat sprout powder in the daily dose.
2835 Yerba mate extract (Ilex Antioxidativity Strong plant antioxidant.
paraguarensis)
Protects cells.
Conditions of use
- Food supplement with 1200 g/day of yerba mate extract (Ilex paraguarensis) (equivalent to
6000 mg of plant).
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 37

2849 Natural Grape Extract. From - Rich in polyphenols In healthy balanced diet
grape seed. Solvent free natural Grape antioxidants
help to protect body‟s cells
With natural grape
antioxidants
With natural grape
Conditions of use
fresh grape)
2854 Bilberry Function as antioxidant Bilberry is rich in the
antioxidants anthocyanidins
Vaccinium myrtillus
Conditions of use
- 300 mg extract equal to 10 g bilberry/day (60 mg anthocyanidins).
2855 Blackcurrant Ribes nigrum Antioxidant properties Blackcurrant is rich in the
antioxidants anthocyanins
Blackcurrant is rich in
antioxidants
Conditions of use
- 50 mg anthocyanins equal to on average 20 g black currants. The doses will on average
provide 25% of the daily intake of anthocyanins
- Amount of consumption: 200 Gramm (g)
2857 Ecklonia cava Kjellman Antioxidant effects Ecklonia cava [brown
(brown seaweed) extract seaweed] extract:
Contains antioxidants
Helps to control inflammatory
responses [in the body]
Offers protection from reactive
oxygen species.
Conditions of use
- Recommended daily dose is from 400 mg to 1,200 mg extract per day
2866 Rosemary Antioxidant properties Rosemary is rich in the
antioxidants carnosic and
Rosmarinus officinalis
carnosol
Rosemary is rich in the
antioxidant carnosol
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 38

Rosemary is rich in the

antioxidant carnosic
Conditions of use
- 50 mg dried leaf per day
3166 xanthohumol enriched hop antioxidant properties Xanthohumol protects body
extract cells from harmful free
radicals which damage cells,
protects them from oxidation
induced cell stress and
reinforces cell protection
Conditions of use
- wellness drink / RDA 10mg
3167 Hop extract containing antioxidant properties Xanthohumol protects body
xanthohumol cells from harmful free
reinforces cell protection.
Conditions of use
3168 xanthohumol antioxidant properties Xanthohumol protects body
cells from harmful free
Conditions of use
3169 Hop extract antioxidant properties Xanthohumol protects body
cells from harmful free
Conditions of use
3174 xanthohumol enriched hop free radical scavenger / fights Xanthohumol protects body
extract free radicals cells from harmful free
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 39


Conditions of use
3175 Hop extract containing free radical scavenger / fights Xanthohumol protects body
xanthohumol free radicals cells from harmful free
Conditions of use
3176 xanthohumol free radical scavenger / fights Xanthohumol protects body
free radicals cells from harmful free
Conditions of use
3177 Hop extract free radical scavenger / fights Xanthohumol protects body
free radicals cells from harmful free
Conditions of use
3183 Lemon (Citrus limonium) - Antioxidant properties Acts as a natural antioxidant.
flavonoïdes Helps to reduce oxidative
stress. Helps to reduce aging
effects. Necessary for cells
protection. Improves the
antioxidant defensive system.
Conditions of use
- Lemon extract- at least 9 mg lemon extract per day
3200 AESCULUS Antioxidant Antioxidants can protect from
HIPPOCASTANUM L. free radicals and helps in case
of foods intake deficiency or
increased amount of nutrients.
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 40

Useful to protect the skin from

UV-induced oxidative
damage. Helps protect against
the free radicals action due to
UV exposure or severe
ambiance conditions
Protection against the free
radicals action due to stress,
alcoholics,UV exposure or
polluted ambiance conditions.
Conditions of use
- Extract (tit. escin 10%): 250-350 mg 2 times daily. 0.5-1.2 ml liquid fruit extract; 2-4 ml
liquid bark extract daily
3212 ALOE FEROX MILL. Antioxidant Antioxidants can protect from
free radicals and helps in case
ambiance conditions
Conditions of use
- Titrated and stand. exctracts in acemannan: 400-800 mg 1-2 times daily; 10-30 mg/day of
hydroxyanthracene glycosides (hydroxy anthraquinones calculated as barbaloin), for 1 week
3216 AMORPHOPHALLUS Antioxidant Antioxidants can protect from
KONJAC KOCH free radicals and helps in case
ambiance conditions
Antioxidants reducing the
production of oxidative
cholesterol. Protection against
stress, alcoholics,UV exposure
or polluted ambiance
conditions.
Conditions of use
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 41

- 30-60 mg/kg/day, divided in 2 doses

3232 ARCTOSTAPHYLOS Free-radical scavenger Antioxidants can protect from
UVA- URSI SPRE. free radicals and helps in case
ambiance conditions
Conditions of use
- Extract (tit. arbutin 6%): 200 mg 4 times daily. Extract (tit. arbutin min. 10%): 7-10 mg/kg,
divided in 2 doses with empty stomach
3241 ARTEMISIA Antioxidant Antioxidants can protect from
DRACUNCULUS free radicals and helps in case
ambiance conditions
Conditions of use
- 2 cups tea (25 g of fresh mugwort leaf infused in 500 ml water) daily for six days; 1-2 cps
thrice daily at mealtimes
3256 ASTRAGALUS Antioxidant, can protect cells Antioxidants can protect from
MEMBRANACEUS BUNG. and tissues against oxidative free radicals and helps in case
damage of foods intake deficiency or
ambiance conditions
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 42

Useful to protect from free
radicals which cause cells and
tissues damage. Anti-oxidant
and anti-ageing activity.
Conditions of use
- Dried root: 1-30 g daily; six 250-500 mg cps/day powdered root; tincture (1:5): 3-6 ml three
times daily or 15-30 drops twice daily; tea (120 g of the fresh, whole root in about one quart
of water): 2-4 cups daily
3269 BELLIS PERENNIS L. Can protect cells and tissues Useful to protect the skin from
against oxidative damage UV-induced oxidative
ambiance conditions
Conditions of use
- 1 cup of tea from 2 teaspoons of dried plant
3277 CALENDULA ARVENSIS Can protect cells and tissues Protection against the free
L. against oxidative damage radicals action due to stress,
Conditions of use
- 2 cups of decoction daily (30 g flowers and leaves in water); 10-40 drops tincture daily;
fresh finely chopped leaves or compresses with decoction/tincture or oil (75 g fresh flowers
in 1 oil glass) for application on skin
3290 CASSIA NOMAME Can protect cells and tissues Increases the physiological
against oxidative damage resistance of the organism in
case of severe ambiance
conditions.
Conditions of use
- 50-200 mg cps daily
3297 CASSIA SENNA L. Can protect cells and tissues Increases the physiological
against oxidative damage. resistance of the organism in
conditions.
Conditions of use
- 0.5-2 g dry leaves; 15–30 mg hydroxyanthracene derivatives, calculated as sennoside B,
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 43

once daily at night, up to two to three times a week

3299 CASSIA TORA L. S.L. Antioxidant Useful to protect from free
Conditions of use
- Seeds: 10-15 g per day. Torrefied seeds: 5-10 g in the form of a decoction, powder or pills.
Alcoholic or vinegar maceration of pounded fresh leaves: external use
3307 CASTANEA VESCA Antioxidant, can protect cells Helps protect against the free
and tissues against oxidative radicals action due to UV
damage. exposure or severe ambiance
conditions.
Conditions of use
- Tea: 2-4 g of cut leaves in water; 700-800 ml fluid extract 3-4 times daily
3315 Chywanaprash Contains naturally occurring Healthy living A tonic for
antioxidants healthy living Contains
naturally occuring
antioxidants/antioxidants help
protect you from radicals
which cause cell
damage/antioxidants help
protect your cells and tissues
from oxidative damage/
antioxidants contribute to the
the body and m
Conditions of use
- Jam 0.5-6g/day
3316 CIMIClFUGA RACEMOSA Can protect cells and tissues Useful to protect from free
NUTT. against oxidative damage radicals which cause cells and
Conditions of use
- Dried extract (tit. triterpenic glycosides as 27-desoxyactein min. 2.5%): 0.6-1.0 mg/kg/day,
divided in 2 doses with empty stomach
3337 ECHINACEA PALLIDA Antioxidant. Useful to protect from free
BRITTON radicals which cause cells and
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 44

Conditions of use
- Dried extract (tit. echinacoside min 0.6%): 12-13 mg/kg/day, divided in 2 doses with empty
stomach. Daily echinacoside dose: 0.2-0.3 mg/kg. Duration of treatment should not exceed
8 weeks
3349 EPILOBIUM Antioxidant, can protect cells Useful to protect from free
ANGUSTIFOLIUM L. and tissues against oxidative radicals which cause cells and
damage. tissues damage. Anti-oxidant
Increases the physiological
resistance of the organism in
conditions.
Conditions of use
- Infusion: 60-120 ml, 5 or 6 times a day; aerial part: 350 mg cps, 1 cps twice daily
3353 EPILOBIUM Antioxidant. Useful to protect from free
PARVIFLORUM radicals which cause cells and
conditions.
Conditions of use
- Tea: 1.5-2 g finely chopped herb in water
3356 FICUS CARICA L. Antioxidant. Fruit is Antioxidants can protect from
antioxidant. free radicals and helps in case
alcoholics, UV exposure or
Conditions of use
- Tea decoction: 1 cup daily of 13 g leaves
3362 GALIUM APARINE L. Antioxidant. Antioxidants can protect from
- Dried herb: 2–4 g thrice daily; fluid extract (1:1 25%): 2–4 ml thrice daily; tincture (1:5
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 45

25%): 4–10 ml thrice daily

3374 GYNOSTEMMA Antioxidant. Antioxidants can protect from
PENTAPHYILLUM free radicals and helps in case
- iście/ 6-60 g suchych liści na dzień (napar)
- 30-150 mg 100% gypnosides per day
3383 HAMAMELIS Helps to protect the skin from Antioxidant helps to protect
VIRGINIANA L. UV-induced oxidative damage against the free radicals action
and from UV-induced. due to a long UV exposure.
Food supplement supports the
physiological activity helping
the tissue trophies, skin, hair,
nails. Food supplement
supports the physiological
activity against the aging of
skin.
Conditions of use
Cortex for internal use: 2-10 g as decoction for mouthwash, 2-3 g daily as tea, 2-4 ml of tincture
diluted as mouthwash thrice daily. Cortex and leaves for external use: 5-10 g cortex as decoction
in 250 ml water. Leaves for internal use: 2-3 g as infusion or 2-4 ml liquid extract (1:1, 50°
ethanol) thrice daily. Leaves for ext. use: ointment with 10% liquid extract, suppositories with
200 mg of dried extract max twice daily
3386 HELICHRYSUM Antioxidant. Antioxidants can protect from
ITALICUM DON. free radicals and helps in case
cholesterol.
Conditions of use
15 g helichrysum in 1 l water for topical use; infusion (1 spoon) of flowers in 2.5 dl water: 2
cups daily; tincture (fresh flowers, alcohol 65°): 50 drops 3 times daily; fluid extract: 1/2-1
teaspoon 3-4 times daily
3400 JUGLANS REGlA L. Antioxidant, can protect cells Antioxidants can protect from
and tissues against oxidative free radicals and helps in case
damage. of foods intake deficiency or
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 46

cholesterol.Protection against
stress, alcoholics, UV
exposure or polluted ambiance
conditions.
Conditions of use
- For poultices and hipbaths: 2-3 g leaves to 100 ml water; 20-84 g/day (4 shelled walnuts
equal approximately 20 g) daily; decoction of leaves:
- 1 g in 100 ml water, 1 cup after meals; tincture: 3 g leaves in 100 ml wine; infusion: 5 g
dried leaves in 2.5 dl water, 1 cup daily with empty stomach
3406 JUNIPERUS COMMUNIS Antioxidant, can protect cells Antioxidants can protect from
L. and tissues against oxidative free radicals and helps in case
Useful to protect from free
and anti-ageing
activity.Protection against the
free radicals action due to
conditions.
Conditions of use
- Tea: 3 g of chopped drug (wood) in water; 0.1 ml or 20-100 mg of the essential oil; for max
4 weeks. Juniper oil and juniper tar should not be taken by mouth
3409 Kaempferia Parviflora (Black Antioxidant properties antioxidants can protect you
ginger) from radicals which cause cell
damage; antioxidants can
from oxidative damage;
total antioxida
Conditions of use
- Dried root: 500 mg
3412 LAURUS NOBILlS L. Can protect cells and tissues Antioxidants can protect from
against oxidative damage free radicals and helps in case
effects, antioxidant. of foods intake deficiency or
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 47

conditions.
Conditions of use
- Essential oil (from leaves and berries): 1-2 drops 2-3 times daily; topical use:
diluted 4-6 % in oil or alcoholic sol. or in water. Infusion of berries: 2 g in 100 ml water, 2
cups daily; berries powder: 1 teaspoon daily; infusion of leaves: 3 g in 100 ml water, 3 cups
daily
3418 LESPEDEZA CAPITATA Can protect cells and tissues Increases the physiological
MICH. against oxidative damage. resistance of the organism in
conditions.
Conditions of use
- Dried extract (aerial part): 80-200 mg twice daily
3423 LIPPIA CITRIODORA Antioxidant. Antioxidants can protect from
KUNTH free radicals and helps in case
increased amount of
nutrients.Protection against the
conditions.
Conditions of use
- 5 g/daily plant; decoction: several daily doses of 3 tablespoonsful
3437 MARRUBIUM VULGARE Antioxidant. Antioxidants can protect from
L. free radicals and helps in case
Conditions of use
- Daily 4.6 g herb or 2-6 tablespoonfuls of expressed juice
3444 MELALEUCA Can protect cells and tissues Antioxidants can protect from
ALTERNIFOLIA CHEEL against oxidative damage. free radicals and helps in case
increased amount of
conditions.
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 48

Conditions of use
- Essential oil (9% cineol, 40% terpineol, 3% eucaliptol) for topical use: pure only for skin
mycosis, diluted in creams, aerosol, etc, for all different uses
3448 MELALEUCA Antioxidant. Antioxidants can protect from
LEUCADENDRON L. free radicals and helps in case
VAR.CAJAPUTI R. of foods intake deficiency or
increased amount of
conditions.
Conditions of use
- Cajeput oil: 1-10 drops diluted in water, sugar, emulsion. External dosage: dilute in carrier
oil and apply 3 or 4 times a day
3454 MENTHA AQUATICA Antioxidant. Protection against the free
Antioxidants can protect from
Conditions of use
- Mint oil: 0.1-0.4 ml; inhalation, 3-4 drops added to 150 ml hot water 3 times daily; 1-5%
essential oil as a nasal ointment. MInt leaves: infusion, 3-6 g daily; 2-3 ml tincture (1:5 in
45% ethanol) 3 times daily; 1 ml of spirits (10% oil and 1% leaf extract, mixed with water);
dried herb extract: 0.8-4 g 3 times daily
3456 MORUS NIGRA L. Antioxidant, can protect cells Antioxidants can protect from
and tissues against oxidative free radicals and helps in case
ambiance conditions.
conditions.
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 49

Conditions of use
- 2-4 ml mulberry syrup; 4.5-15 g powder or decoction; leaves infusion: 10 g in 100 water 2-3
glasses daily
3460 MUIRA PUAMA Can protect cells and tissues Antioxidants can protect from
against oxidative damage, free radicals and helps in case
antioxidant. of foods intake deficiency or
conditions.
Conditions of use
- Leaves, stem, and roots: 0.5-1.5 g/day for two weeks
3469 ORIGANUM MAJORANA Can protect cells and tissues Antioxidants can protect from
against oxidative damage, free radicals and helps in case
antioxidant. of foods intake deficiency or
Conditions of use
- 1 teaspoon of the whole plant in a cup of water, 2-3 times daily; 5-6 drops essential oil
3484 PHYLLANTHUS AMARUS Antioxidant Antioxidants can protect from
Conditions of use
- Tea: 1-2 cups/day (1-2 teaspoons/cup; tincture:1-3 ml/day; phyllantus: 600-900 mg daily
3485 PHYLLANTHUS AMARUS Can protect cells and tissues Antioxidants can protect from
Conditions of use
- Tea: 1-2 cups/day (1-2 teaspoons/cup; tincture:1-3 ml/day; phyllantus: 600-900 mg daily
3494 PICRORHIZA KURROA Antioxidant Antioxidants can protect from
ROYLE free radicals and helps in case
Conditions of use
- 400-1500 mg/day standardized (4% kutkin) encapsulated powder extract, with dosages up to
3.5 g/day
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 50

3505 Pinus pinaster Ait. Sub Sp. Whole population Helps maintain good health by
Atlantica protecting cells & tissues
Antioxidant properties
through its antioxidant
French maritime pine bark
property.
Conditions of use
- The product must conform to USP specifications*. The equivalent to up to 150 g of pine
bark daily
3507 PIPER METHYSTlCUM Can protect cells and tissues Increases the physiological
FORSTER against oxidative damage. resistance of the organism in
conditions.
Conditions of use
- Dried rhizome or extract (60-120 mg of kavalactones) daily, for max 2 months
3520 Pleurotus ostreatus (oyster Pleurotus ostreatus and antioxidants can protect you
mushroom) Antioxidant properties from radicals which cause cell
damage antioxidants can
total antioxida
Conditions of use
- The equivalent of 2grams dried Pleurotus ostreatus per day
3524 PRIMULA OFFlCINALIS Antioxidant Antioxidants can protect from
HILL. free radicals and helps in case
Conditions of use
- 0.5-1.5 g of radix as decoction (max 5-10 g)
3541 RHEUM OFFICINALE Antioxidative Antioxidants can protect from
BAILL. free radicals and helps in case
Conditions of use
- As laxative, 30-120 mg hydroxyanthracene derivatives, corresponding to 1.2-4.8 g drug; as
stomachic, 3-9 mg of hydroxyanthracene deriv. (0.12-0.36 g drug)
3549 RHEUM PALMATUM L. Can protect cells and tissues Antioxidants can protect from
VAR. TAGUNTICUM against oxidative damage free radicals and helps in case
MAXIM of foods intake deficiency or
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 51


conditions. Supports the
immune system and the body‟s
defence (antioxidant).
Conditions of use
- 1 g of root daily; 15-50 mg hydroxyanthracene derivatives daily, preferably taken in one
dose at night, for max 2 weeks
3571 Salvia miltiorrhiza Antioxidant properties Contains naturally occuring
antioxidants/antioxidants help
protect you from radicals
which cause cell
damage/antioxidants help
from oxidative
damage/antioxidants
contribute to the total
body and may help strengthen
Conditions of use
- Herb / Usual consumption as traditional foodstuff in a normal diet / The equivalent of 1-1.5
g of dried leaves
3593 SORBUS DOMESTICA Antioxidant Antioxidants can protect from
polluted ambiance conditions
Conditions of use
- Hydroglyceroalcoholic gemmae extract: 795 mg daily
3597 TABEBUIA Can protect cells and tissues Increases the physiological
AVELLANEDAE against oxidative damage resistance of the organism in
conditions.
Conditions of use
- kora/ zwykle konsumowane jako tradycyjny artykuł żywnościowy w normalnej diecie
- 13-18 g inner bark/500 ml/day; three 505 mg cps, 3 times daily
3606 TANACETUM Can protect cells and tissues Antioxidants can protect from
PARTHENIUM SCH. BIP. against oxidative damage free radicals and helps in case
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 52


conditions.
Conditions of use
- 125 mg dry leaves/day with at least 0.2% parthenolide. Dried extract (tit. parthenolide
min.0.5%): 6-7 mg/kg/day, divided in 2 doses with empty stomach
3646 VIOLA ODORATA L. Can protect cells and tissues Antioxidants can protect from
Conditions of use
- Infusion: 1 teaspoonful herb in acup of water, three times a day; tincture: 1-2 ml three times
a day
3652 VITEX AGNUS-CASTUS Can protect cells and tissues Increases the physiological
L. against oxidative damage resistance of the organism in
conditions
Conditions of use
- Fluid extract: 1-2.5 ml of 1:2 fluid extract daily; dried fruit: 1.5-3 mg daily of dried fruit
- daily by decoction; dried extracts in pill or capsule form: 2-500 mg twice-daily
3662 AJUGA CHAMAEPITYS Antioxidant Antioxidants can protect from
SCHREB. free radicals and helps in case
damage.
Helps protect against the free
radicals action due to UV
exposure or severe ambiance
conditions
Conditions of use
-
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 53


3678 Pinus pinaster Ait Sub Sp. Antioxidant property French maritime pine bark
Atlantica helps to maintain good health
by protecting cells & tissues
(French Maritime Pine) through its antioxidant
property.
Conditions of use
- The product must conform to USP specifications*. (* USP Monograph- Maritime Pine-
U.S.P.-30/NF- 25 (2007), Dietary Supplements/Maritime, pp. 964-965). USP Monograph-
Maritime Pine Extract - U.S.P. 30/NF- 25 (2007), Dietary Supplements/Maritime, pp. 965-
966. The equivalent to up to 150 g of pine bark. The equivalent to up to 150g of pine bark
daily representing a daily dose of 150 mg of French maritime pine bark extract
3679 Rosa canina Antioxidant properties Good source of
antioxidants/contains naturally
(Common Name : Rose Hip )
occuring
antioxidants
antioxidants
body and
may help strengthen our
body´s defences
antioxidants can protect you

from radicals
which cause cel damage;
antioxidants can protect your
cels and tissues from oxidative
damage
Conditions of use
- Fruit, spurious fruit, fruit peels, root / Usual
- consumption as tradtional foodstuf in a normal
- diet/ The equivalent of min. 200 mg of
- preparations standardised to 3% rosavin and 1%
- salidroside
3701 Cynara scolymus (Common Antioxidant properties Contains antioxidant/s; Is a
Name : Artichoke) source of antioxdiant/s. With
antioxidant/s. contains
naturally occuring
antioxidants; antioxidants can
protect you from free radicals ;
antioxidants can protect your
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 54

oxidation ; antioxidants
Conditions of use
- liście, kwiaty/ zwykle konsumowane jako tradycyjny artykuł żywnościowy w normalnej
diecie/ równowartość 20-50 g suszonych liści karczocha na dzień
- Leaf, flower / Usual consumption as traditional foodstuff in a normal diet / The euivalent of
20-50 g dried artichoke leaf per day
3705 Panax ginseng (Common Antioxidant properties Contributes to cell protection
Name : Ginseng)
Conditions of use
- Root / Usual consumption as traditional foodstuff in a normal diet / The equivalent of 0.6 –
2g dry root
3712 Melissa extract [Dry extract Antioxidants activity Acts as an antioxidant/helps
from leaves of Melissa preventing oxidative damage
officinalis L., drug/native
extract ratio (4 - 6) : 1,
solvent of extraction
Methanol/Water , min 1.8%
rosmarinic acid]
Conditions of use
- 80 – 240 mg of dried extract
3729 Andrographis Paniculata Antioxidant properties Good source of
(King of Bitterness) antioxidants/contains naturally
occuring antioxidants;
antioxidants can protect you
damage;antioxidants can
total antioxida
Conditions of use
- dried herb: 200 mg of extract
3767 Ginkgo biloba (Common Antioxidant properties Contains naturally occuring
Name : Ginkgo) antioxidants /antioxidants help
protect you from free radicals
/antioxidants help protect your
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 55


oxidation /antioxidants
Conditions of use
- Leaf / Usual consumption as traditional foodstuff in a normal diet / The equivalent of 4.2-
16.1 g crude leaf
3780 OLEA EUROPAEA L. Antioxidant Antioxidants can protect from
Conditions of use
- 250-500 mg (standardized extract), 1-3 times a day. Tea: 3-4 cups, 2 teaspoonfuls of herb
per cup throughout the day (dietary supplement should be standardized to 4-23% oleuropein
per dose)
3786 PEUMUS BOLDUS Antioxidant Antioxidants can protect from
MOLINA free radicals and helps in case
conditions.
Conditions of use
- 1/2 cup of a leaf infusion one or two times daily with meals; 2-4 ml of a 4:1 tincture twice
daily; 1-2 g of powdered leaf in tablets or capsules twice daily
3790 PLANTAGO Antioxidative Antioxidants can protect from
LANCEOLATA L. free radicals and helps in case
Conditions of use
- 3-6 g daily for external or internal use; tea: 2-4 g of the chopped drug in water
3797 PROPOLIS Can protect cells and tissues Antioxidants can protect from
against oxidative damage. free radicals and helps in case
conditions.
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 56

Conditions of use
- Dried extract: 8-10 mg/kg/day, divided in 2-3 doses with empty stomach. Total flavonoids
(tit. galangin): 0.8-0.9 mg/kg/day
3800 PRUNELLA VULGARIS L. Can protect cells and tissues Antioxidants can protect from
conditions.
Conditions of use
- 0.75-4 g dried shoots and young leaves daily; topical: 30 g dried shoots and young leaves
3813 Salvia officinalis (Common Antioxidant properties Contains antioxidant/s; Is a
Name : Sage) source of antioxdiant/s. With
antioxidant/s. Contains
naturally occuring antioxidants
/antioxidants help protect you
from free radicals
Conditions of use
- ziele/ zwykle konsumowane jako tradycyjny artykuł żywnościowy w normalnej diecie/
równowartość 1.5 -9 g suszonych liści
- Herb / Usual consumption as traditional foodstuff in a normal diet / The equivalent of 1-1.5
g of dried leaves
- Herb / Usual consumption as traditional foodstuff in a normal diet / The equivalent of 1.5-9
g of dried leaves
3815 SALVIA SCLAREA L. Can protect cells and tissues Protection against the free
against oxidative damage radicals action due to stress,
Conditions of use
- Infusion: 60-120 ml, 3 or 4 times daily; powdered leaves: 1.3-2 g; tincture (76%): 1-60
drops
3816 SANTALUM ALBUM L. Can protect cells and tissues Increases the physiological
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 57

against oxidative damage resistance of the organism in

conditions.
Conditions of use
- 1-1.5 g essential oil; 10-20 g comminuted drug for decoctions for max 6 weeks. Fluid
extract: 1-2 teaspoon
3817 SATUREJA MONTANA L. Can protect cells and tissues Antioxidants can protect from
S.L. against oxidative damage free radicals and helps in case
Conditions of use
- Infusion: 60-120 ml, several times daily; 0.9-5.4 ml fluid extract
3822 SILYBUM MARIANUM Can protect cells and tissues Protection against the free
GAERTN. against oxidative damage radicals action due to stress,
Conditions of use
- 12-15 g whole or powdered seed. Dried extract (tit. sylimarin min.1.0%): 10-15 mg/kg/day,
divided in 2-3- doses with empty stomach
3824 SOLIDAGO VIRGAUREA Can protect cells and tissues Antioxidants can protect from
L. against oxidative damage free radicals and helps in case
Conditions of use
- 3-4 g dried herb for herbal tea, 2-4 times daily; liquid extract: 0.5-2 ml, 3 times daily;
tincture: 0.5-2 ml, 3 times daily; dried extract: 350-450 mg, 3 times daily, for 2-4 weeks
3825 TAMARIX GALLICA L. Can protect cells and tissues Antioxidants can protect from
conditions.
Conditions of use
- Cortex decoction: 3 g for a cup, 3 times daily
3828 TARAXACUM Can protect cells and tissues Protection against the free
OFFICINALE WEBER against oxidative damage radicals action due to stress,
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 58

Conditions of use
- Dried extract (tit. inulin 40% and sesquiterpenic lactones): 100-300 mg, 2-3 times daily
3836 VACCINIUM VITIS- Can protect cells and tissues Antioxidants can protect from
IDAEA L. against oxidative damage free radicals and helps in case
conditions. Against the
damages caused by oxidative
stress and free radicals on the
skin..
Conditions of use
- 2-5 g fruits daily; decoction: 1 g leaves in 100 ml water, 2-3 tablespoons 2-3 times daily; 5-
20 drops fresh leaves macerated in glycerine and alcohol, for min. 3 months
3838 VERBENA OFFICINALIS Can protect cells and tissues Increases the physiological
L. against oxidative damage resistance of the organism in
conditions
Conditions of use
- Tea: 1.5 g finely chopped herb in water; infusion 2-4 g/day; tincture 40 drops thrice daily;
fluid extract: 2-4 ml/day
3839 VISCUM ALBUM L. Can protect cells and tissues Antioxidants can protect from
Conditions of use
- Dried leaves: 2-6 g (infusion); tincture ( 1:5, alcohol 45%): 1-3 ml; fluid extract (1:1,
alcohol 25%): 0.5 ml; dried exctract (4:1): 100-250 mg, thrice daily. Mistletoe lectin I: 0.5
ng/kg to 1 mg/kg twice weekly
3849 Cistus incanus (Common Antioxidant activity Contains antioxidant/s; Is a
Name : Hairy rockrose) source of antioxdiant/s. With
naturally occurring
antioxidants /antioxidants help
protect you from free radicals
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 59

our body‟s defences /support

of the immune system
Conditions of use
- Herb / 4-6 g herb (infusion)
3854 Gynostemma pentaphylum Antioxidant properties Contains antioxidant/s; Is a
(Common Name : Jiaogulan) source of antioxdiant/s. With
antioxidant/s. Can scavage the
activity of oxygen free radicals
'- Protects the body from
oxidation; - Antioxidants can
from oxidation
Conditions of use
- Leaf / 6-60g of dried leaf per day (infusion)
3856 Humulus lupulus (Common Antioxidant properties Contains antioxidant/s; Is a
Name : Hops) source of antioxdiant/s. With
naturally occuring antioxidants
from free radicals
Conditions of use
- Grains (Lupuli flos/glandula) / Usual consumption as traditional foodstuff in a normal diet
- Grains (Lupuli flos/glandula), strobilus / Usual consumption as traditional foodstuff in a
normal diet / The equivalent of 5-10 g of powder per day
3888 Tilia ssp. / Tilia cordata / Antioxidant properties Contains antioxidant/s; Is a
Tilia parvifolia / Tilia source of antioxdiant/s. With
platyphyllos (Common Name antioxidant/s. Contains
: Linden) naturally occuring antioxidants
from free radicals
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 60

Conditions of use
- Flower / Equivalent to 10 g of leaf
- Inflorescences / flower: Usual consumption as traditional foodstuff in a normal diet /
Equivalent to 10 g of Inflorescences
3899 Aloe vera (Common Name : antioxidant properties Contains antioxidant/s; Is a
Aloe) source of antioxdiant/s. With
antioxidant/s. Has antioxidant
properties /acts as free radical
scavengers /contains naturally
occuring antioxidants /
antioxidants help protect you
from free radicals
body and help strengthen our
body´s defences
Conditions of use
- Leaf fresh gel / 30-90 ml or equivalent preparations
- Usual consumption as traditional foodstuff in a normal diet. [aloe barbadensis, aloin
=0.1mg/kg]
3916 Galium aparine L. (Common detoxification Antioxidants can protect from
name: Cleavers, Clivers) free radicals and helps in case
Conditions of use
- flos, herba c. floribus / 6-12g of drug daily /6-12ml of ethanolic extract daily / 9-45ml of
juicedaily / equivalent preparations
4007 Curcumin obtained from Required for its health benefit Helps reduce the inflammation
turmeric oleoresin properties like anti-oxidant and oxidative stress
Conditions of use
- Rhizome, 1 to 3 g per day
- ADI 0 to 300mg/kg. The desired dosage of curcumin is 250 mg twice a day. 500mg
Curcumin oral for 6 weeks, 2 gm per day with no adverse effect. Up to 1125 mg per day
dose.
4150 Terminalia belerica FRUIT Antioxidant properties: Antioxidants help protect you
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 61

Protection of body tissues, from radicals which cause cell

cells, membranes and lipids damage/antioxidants help
from oxidative damage (such protect your cells, tissues and
as the oxidation of organs from oxidative damage.
polyunsaturated fatty acids in Antioxidants contribute to the
red blood cell membranes) total antioxidant capacity of
strengthen your body's
defences. Helps protect your
body's cells, tissues and organs
Conditions of use
- Powder: 2.0-0.1g/day; aqueous extract 1.0-0.05g/day.
4163 Terminalia chebula, FRUIT Antioxidant properties: Contains a high amount of
PERICARP Protection of body tissues, naturally occurring
cells, membranes and lipids antioxidants. Antioxidants
from oxidative damage (such help protect you from radicals
as the oxidation of which cause cell
polyunsaturated fatty acids in damage/antioxidants help
red blood cell membranes) protect your cells, tissues and
organs from oxidative damage
strengthen your body's
defences. Helps protect your
body's cells, tissues and organs
Cellular protactive reducing
the effects of aging
Rejuvenating/anti-oxidant
Conditions of use
- Powder: 2.0-0.1g/day; aqueous extract 1.0-0.05g/day, 0.5-3g/day, Fruit
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 62

GLOSSARY / ABBREVIATIONS
FOX Ferrous oxidation-xylenol orange
FRAP Ferric reducing ability of plasma
LDL Low-density lipoproteins
MDA Malondialdehyde
ORAC Oxygen radical absorbance capacity
ROS Reactive oxygen species
TBARS Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances
TEAC Trolox-equivalent antioxidant capacity
TRAP Total reactive antioxidant potential
EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 63

1489

Diunggah oleh

Informasi Dokumen

Deskripsi Asli:

Hak Cipta

Format Tersedia

Bagikan dokumen Ini

Bagikan atau Tanam Dokumen

Opsi Berbagi

Apakah menurut Anda dokumen ini bermanfaat?

Apakah konten ini tidak pantas?

Hak Cipta:

Format Tersedia

1489

Diunggah oleh

Hak Cipta:

Format Tersedia

EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489

1 On request from the European Commission, Question No EFSA-Q-2008-1357, EFSA-Q-2008-1939, EFSA-Q-2008-1967,

© European Food Safety Authority, 2010 1

Protection of cells from premature aging

Antioxidant activity, antioxidant content, and antioxidant properties

Protection of DNA, proteins and lipids from oxidative damage

EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 2

EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 3

BACKGROUND AS PROVIDED BY THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION

TERMS OF REFERENCE AS PROVIDED BY THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION

EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 4

INFORMATION AS PROVIDED IN THE CONSOLIDATED LIST

1. Relevance of the claimed effect to human health

1.1. Protection of cells from premature aging (ID 1468, 2832)

EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 5

2. Scientific substantiation of the claimed effect

EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 6

Protection of cells from premature aging

Antioxidant activity, antioxidant content, and antioxidant properties

EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 7

Protection of DNA, proteins and lipids from oxidative damage

DOCUMENTATION PROVIDED TO EFSA

EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 8

2008-4517, EFSA-Q-2008-4530, EFSA-Q-2008-4532, EFSA-Q-2008-4533, EFSA-Q-2008-4534,

The full list of supporting references as provided to EFSA is available on:

EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 9

BACKGROUND AND TERMS OF REFERENCE AS PROVIDED BY THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION

(i) based on generally accepted scientific evidence; and

ISSUES THAT NEED TO BE CONSIDERED

IMPORTANCE AND PERTINENCE OF THE FOOD6

EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 10

SUBSTANTIATION OF CLAIMS BY GENERALLY ACCEPTABLE SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE

WORDING OF HEALTH CLAIMS

EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 11

 the claimed effect of the food in the identified function is beneficial.

EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 12

EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 13

EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 14

ID Food or Food constituent Health Relationship Proposed wording

EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 15

our body by reinforcing the

EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 16

EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 17

EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 18

9.Show antioxidative activity

EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 19

- Jugendliche, Erwachsene. Amount of consumption: 150 Milliliter (ml). Period of

EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 20

- Für alle Bevölkerungs–gruppen geeignet–Tagesdosis:–100 mg

EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 21

EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 22

sun burn and UV rays

EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 23

antioxidants directly neutralise anti-oxidant giving enhanced

EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 24

EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 25

Zwiebel, Kraut / Äquivalent von 0.5-1g täglich

EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 26

Ernährung / Äauivalent von 2 g pro Verzehr

EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 27

Food or Food constituent Health Relationship Proposed wording

EFSA Journal 2010; 8(2):1489 28

Can protect your cells and