Marine Safety

#6

Trika Pitana

MARPOL 73/78
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 Outlines
• Status of MARPOL 73/78
• Annex I Marpol, Prevention of Pollution by Oil
• Annex II Marpol, Regulation for the control of Pollution by
Noxious Liquid Substance
• Annex III Marpol, Regulation for the Prevention of Pollution by
Harmfull Substance Carried by Sea in Package Form
• Annex IV Marpol, Regulation for the Prevention of Pollution
by Sewage from Ship
• Annex V Marpol, Regulation for the Prevention of Pollution by
Garbage from Ship
• Annex VI Marpol, Regulation for the Prevention of Air
Pollution from Ship

The objective of MARPOL

• Pollution shall be avoided to preserve the
human environment in general and the
marine environment in particular

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 MARPOL Goal
• Complete elimination of pollution
• Minimization of accidental discharge

MARPOL Tools:
Establishing of rules, which óf course must be
followed

Status of MARPOL 73/78

Annex Come into force
I 2 october 1983
II 6 April 1987
III 1 July 1992
IV 23 September 2003
V 31 December 1988
VI 19 May 2005

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 Status of MARPOL 73/78
• Amandment which entry in force on January
2007

MARPOL Annex I
• Certificate and document
– IOPP (International Oil Pollution Prevention) Certificate
– Oil Record books
– Shipboard oil pollution prevention emergency plan
(SOPEP)
– Certificate of insurance or other financial security in
respect of civil liability for oil pollution damage
– Enhanced Survey Report
– Record of Discharge monitoring and control system for last
ballast voyage

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 Release of Oil
• Deliberate = Criminal
• Negligent = can be rectified with good
educatio and equipment
• Accidental = can be rectified with good
education, equipment and arrangement of the
cargo compartment

Definition
Reg. 1
• Oil means petroleum in any form including crude oil, fuel oil,
sludge, oil refused and refined products (other than
petrochemical which are subject to the provision annex II of
the present convention) and, without limiting the generality
of the foregoing, includes the substances listed in appendix I
to the Annex.
• Oil tanker means a ship constructed or adapted primarily to
carry oil in its cargo spaces and include combination carries
and any chemical tanker as defined in Annex II of the present
convention

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 MARPOL Art. III
• Application
• 1. the present convention shall apply to:
– (a) ship entitled to fly the flag of a party to the convention
…………………………
3. The present convention shall not apply to any warship,
naval auxiliary or other ship owned or operated by a state
and used, for the time being,only on goverment non
commercial service

How ever, each party shall ensure by the adoption of

appropriate measures -, that such ships act in a manner
consistent with the present Convention

MARPOL Annex 1:
Regulation 2
Application
(1) Unless expressly provided otherwise, the
provision of this annex shall appy to all ships

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 Control of Discharge oil from Cargo
Tank Areas of Oil Tanker
Sea Area Discharge Criteria

Within Special Area No Discharge except Clean or Segregated

Ballast
Outside A Less No discharge except clean or segregrated
Special Area Than 50 ballast
N.M.
From
Land
More No discharge except ether:
than 50 Clean or segregrated ballast, or
N.M. 1. The tanker is en route
from
Land 2. The instananeous rate dischare of oil
content does not exceed 30 lt per n.m
3. The total quantity of oil discharge does
not exceed 1/15000 (for existing tanker)

Control of Discharge oil from Cargo

Tank Areas of Oil Tanker
More than 50 3. 1/30000 (for new tanker) of the
N.M. from Land
total quantity of cargo which was
carried on the previous voyage
4. The tanker has in operation an oil
discharge monitoring and control
system and slop tank

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 Control of Discharge Oil From Machinery
Spaces of All ships(within special area)

Ship Type and Size Discharge Criteria

Oil tanker of All Sizes and other 1. The ship is proceeding en

ship ships > 400 GT [Reg. 10(2)(a)
and 10(3)(b)
route, and
2. The oil content of the effluent
without dillution does not
exceed 15 PPM
3. The ship has in operation oil
filtering equipment with
automatic 15 PPM stopping
device and

Ship < 400 GT other than oil No dischare except when the oil
tanker content of effluent without dillution
does not exceed 15 PPM

Control of Discharge Oil From Machinery Spaces

of All ships(out side special area)

Ship Type and Size Discharge Criteria

Oil tanker of All Sizes and other 1. The ship is proceeding en

ship ships > 400 GT [Reg. 9(1)(b) route, and
2. The oil content of the effluent
without dillution does not
exceed 15 PPM
3. The ship has in operation
equipment as required by
regulation 16 of this annex

Ship < 400 GT other than oil Less than 15 PPM or

tanker Retain the bilge water on board
and discharge it in reception
facilities

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 Equpment Machinery Spaces
All ships GT below 400
• As far as practicable and reasonable:
– 15 ppm filtering equipment + automatic stopping
device+ slop tank + standart discharge connection
Or

– Bilge water tank or holding tank for sludge +

standard discharge connection

Equipment – Machinery Spaces

All ships GT 400 -9999 GT [< 10.000 GT]

Construction/ equipment Regulation

No ballast water shall be carried in 14 ???

any fuel oil tank
Approved oil filtering equipment 15 16 (4)
PPM
Tanks for oil residues 17

Standart discharge connection 19

Oil record book Part I 20

Shipboard Oil Pollution 26

Emergency Plan (SOPEP)

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 Equipment – Machinery Spaces
All ships > 10.000 GT
Construction/ equipment Regulation

No ballast water shall be carried in 14 ???

any fuel oil tank. OIl shall not be
carried in Forepeak tank
Approved oil filtering equipment 15 16 (5)
PPM
Tanks for oil residues 17

Standart discharge connection 19

Oil record book Part I 20

Shipboard Oil Pollution 26

Emergency Plan (SOPEP)

Case Study
Which discharge oil is allowed from machinery spaces and cargo tank area from ship
below: in case in side special area and outside special areas

Oil tanker – Product

Carrier
Ship A, GT 8000
Crude Oil tanker
Ship C, GT 47850

Dry cargo ship

Dry cargo ship
Ship D, GT 7365
Ship B, GT 12370
12 N.M

50 N.M

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 Answer of excersice
Inside Special Area
SHIP Machinery Space Cargo Tank Area
A 1. The ship is proceeding en route No discharge except
(Oil Tanker) 2. Oil content does not exceed 15 clean or segregated
ppm ballast
3. 15 ppm filter equipment + auto
stopping device
4. No mixed with oil cargo residue
B Same as for ship A (Except no 4)
(Dry Cargo)

C Same as for ship A Same as for ship A

(Crude Oil
Tanker)

D Same as for ship A (Except no 4)

(Dry Cargo)

Answer of excersice
Outside Special Area
SHIP Machinery Space Cargo Tank Area
A 1. The ship is proceeding en route No discharge except clean or
2. Oil content less than 15 ppm segregated ballast
3. 15 ppm filter equipment
4. No mixed with oil cargo residue
B 1. The ship is proceeding en route
2. Oil content less than 15 ppm
3. 15 ppm filter equipment + auto
stopping device
C Same as for ship A Clean or segregrated ballast
1.Ship en route
2. Max 30 L oil/n.m
3. Max. 1/30000 or 1/15000 previous
cargo
4. Monitoring and control system in
operation
5. Discharge opening above water line

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 Answer of excersice
Outside Special Area
SHIP Machinery Space Cargo Tank Area
D 1. The ship is proceeding en route
2. Oil content less than 15 ppm
3. 15 ppm filter equipment

Reg 17(1): Capacity of sludge tank

• For ship which do not carry ballast water in fuel oil tanks, the
minimum sludge tank capacity(v1) should be calculated by the
following formula:
• V1 = K1CD (m3)
• Where:
– K= 0.016 for ship where HFO is purrified for main engine
use or 0.006 for ship which use DO or HFO oil which does
not need require purification before use.
– C = Daily fuel oil consumption (m3)
– D = Maximum period of voyage between port where
sludge can be discharge a shore (days) in the absence of
precise data, afigure of 30 days should be used.

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Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan (SOPEP) All Tankers 150
GT and above and All other ships 400 GT and above shall carry
on board such a plan

• The procedure to be followed by the master or other person

having charge of the ship to report an oil pollution incident.
• A list of authorities or/and persons to be contacted in th
event of an oil pollution incident.
• A detailed description of the action to be taken immediately
by persons on board to reduce or control the discharge of oil
following incident.
• The procedures and point of contact on the ship for
coordinating shipboard action with national and local
authorities in combating the pollutio.

Oil Spills Cases

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 SOPEP
FUND CLC
1969/1972
OIl pollution
incident

Coastal State

On scene coordinator
Master SAR

Environment
department
Owner of vessel

Flag State
P& I (Protection&
indemnify) Club
(insurance)

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 Reg. 13.F
Prevention of oil pollution in the event of
collision or strading
1. This regulation shall apply to oil tanker of 600 tons
deadweight and above:
2. Every oil tanker of 5000 ton deadweigh and above shall:
a) In lieu of reg. 13.b ………., come with the req para 3, unless it is subject
to para 4 and 5
b) Comply, …… the req of para 6
3. The entire cargo tank lenght shall be protected by ballast
tanks or spaces other than cargo and fuel oil tanks as
follows:
a) Wing tanks or spaces
b) Double bottom tanks or spaces
c) ……
d) ….- f

Is it really proof that Double Hull can

eleminate the oil spill accident??
• Trigger of Double Hull Reg.
– Exxon Valdez spilled oil in Prince William Sound
– The first time, Double hull implemented in
Amerika. It developed D.H in OPA (oil pollution
act) 90.
– Then, IMO developed Double Hull reg mentioned
in MARPOL Annex I
– What is the reason of enforcement of D.H?
• Political imposement or scientific result

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 Water Ballast Spaces in Oil Tanker

Requirement for new ship Requirement for existing ship

Crude Carrier Product Carrier Crude Carrier Product Carrier

above 20.000 above 30.000 above 40.000 above 40.000
DWT DWT DWT DWT

SBT with PL + SBL with PL SBT OR SBL with CBT

Crude oil Crude oil
washing washing
(COW) and (COW) and
Inert Gas Inert Gas
System System

Crude Oil Washing (COW) and Inert

Gas System

COW IGS

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 Cargo/Ballast – Spaces Oil Tanker
Requirement for Oil Tanker with GT 150 or above
Construction/equipment/ documentation Reg
Ballast Tank 13
Tank cleaning with retention on board 15
Slop Tank
Oil water interface detector
Oil discharge monitoring and control system
Discharge above deepest ballast waterline 18
Manifold for discharge a shore
Oil record book Part II (cargo/ ballast operation) 20
Hupothetical outflow of oil 23
Cargo Tank Size limitation 24
Subdivison and stability 25
SOPEP 26

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