1.

Write the short answers for the following questions

i) Define the following terms:
a. System Unit
System unit is the metallic or plastic box which contains CPU, Motherboard, memory,
Expansion Cards, Expansion Slots, Disk Drives and others.
b. Motherboard
Motherboard is the main circuit board of a computer which contains Processor,
Memory, Expansion Slots, Expansion Cards, etc.
c. Processor
Processor is a chip located on the Motherboard, the primary purpose of Processor is
to carry out set of instructions for arithmetic calculations and logical operations on
data, also called CPU.
d. Control unit
Control unit controls, coordinates and directs all the operations performed by the
processor, it acts like a supervisor.
e. Arithmetic and logic unit
Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) performs arithmetic and logical operations and consist of
two units (Arithmetic unit and logical unit)
f. RAM
RAM (Random Access Memory) is an electronic chip located on the motherboard to
hold data and program instructions temporarily.
g. ROM
ROM (Read Only Memory) is non-erasable electronic chip located on the
Motherboard. Data or programs are stored permanently.
h. Expansion cards
Expansion cards are the hardware components which are added to the computer to
increase its functionality and capacity.
i. Expansion slots.
Expansion slots are a space available on the Motherboard where an expansion card
can be inserted to add new capacities to a computer.
j. Barcode Reader
Barcode reader is an input device used to read information contained in a Barcode
and sends data to the computer where can be converted into useful information.
k. Robot
A robot is an automatic machine capable to perform variety of tasks due to
programmed instructions
ii) What does CPU stand for?
CPU stands for Central Processing Unit
iii) What is the difference between AU and LU?
AU stands for Arithmetic Unit and used to perform arithmetic calculation and LU stands
for Logic Unit and used for logic operation such as
iv) Name two types of Memory.
Memory is mainly divided into:
 RAM(Random Access Memory).
 ROM(Read Only Memory).
v) Differentiate between ROM and RAM.

RAM ROM
Hold data and program instruction Data or programs are stored permanently
 temporarily
Read/Write Read only
User can add or remove RAM chips from It is fixed on the Motherboard
motherboard

vi) Write three uses of cutting edge technologies.

Barcode Reader, Fingerprint Reader and Robots are commonly used example of cutting
edge technology

Q5. Write the answers for the following questions in detail.

i. What is a System unit? Give its importance.
System unit is the metallic or plastic box which contains CPU, Motherboard, Memory,
Expansion cards, Expansion slots, Disk driver and others, the importance of system unit
is to hold all the other components together and protect the sensitive electronic parts.
ii. What is Motherboard? Describe the main purpose of the Motherboard.
Motherboard is the main circuit board of a computer which contain Processor,
Memory, Expansion slots, Expansion cards, etc. its basic purpose is to connect different
components of the computer.

iii. Give a detailed description of the CPU and its parts.

The two main components of Central Processing Unit are Control Unit (CU) and
Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU). ALU is further divided into Arithmetic Unit (AU) and Logic
Unit (LU)

CPU

CU ALU

AU LU

iv. What is meant by Memory? Explain its types (RAM and ROM).
Memory is an electronic device that holds instructions and data, it is also called primary
or Main memory, it is Mainly divided into:
 RAM (Random Access Memory) is an electronic chip located on the
motherboard to hold data and program instructions temporarily, it is
read/write memory, user can add or remove these chips from Motherboard
  ROM (Read Only Memory) is non-erasable electronic chip located on the
Motherboard. Data or programs are stored permanently by manufacturer, it is
fixed on the Motherboard

v. How do expansion cards and expansion slots help to increase the functionality of
a computer?
Some of most important expansion cards functions Expansion card and expansion slots
increase the functionality of the computer
vi. How does a Barcode Reader work?
vii. What is fingerprint Reader? Give its uses and importance.
viii. What are Robots? How are they making our lives easy?