A.
Lk = L {0,75 + 0,25 (S1/S2)}
Lk > 0,5L
B.
𝑆1
[1+0,88 ( )]
S2
Lk = L { }1/2
1,88
Lk > 0,66 L
B1.
𝑆1
[1+2,18 ( )]
S2
C. Lk = { }½
3,18
Lk > 0,42 L
B. ANALISA TEKUK
𝑆1
{(1 + 0.88 [𝑆2]}
𝐿𝑘 = 𝐿 √
1.88
4233 kg
{(1 + 0.88 [11153 kg]}
√
Lk = 486,7
1.88
= 409,9769418 cm
= 409,977 cm
Data profil
Ag = 691 mm²
ex = 16,9 mm
Lk = 409,977 cmIx=Iy= 228 x 103 mm4
rx = 18,2 mm
rŋ = 11,7 mm
tp = 8 mm
fy = 240
Flens
b 60
= = 10
t 6
200 200
= = 12,91
√𝑓𝑦 √240
b 200
< → penampang tak kompak
t √𝑓𝑦
4099,77 𝑚𝑚
𝐿𝑖 = = 455,53 𝑚𝑚
10 − 1
𝐿1 455,53
λi = = = 38,934 < 50
𝑟 𝑚𝑖𝑛 11,7
𝑘 𝐿𝑥 1.0 𝑥 4099,77
λx = = = 225,262
𝑟𝑥 18,2
Iy = 2 ( I + ( Ag ( ey + tp / 2 )2 )
Iy = 1059671,42 mm4
Iy 1059671,42
ry = √ = √ = 27,691
Ag 1382
m
λix = √λx² + (λi²)
2
2
= √225,2622 + 2 (38,9342 )
= 228,602
m
λiy = √λy² + (λi²)
2
2
= √148,054² + 2 (38,934²)
λ iy = 153,088
λ ix 𝑓𝑦
λ cx = √
𝜋 𝐸
228,602 240
λ cx = √
𝜋 200000
λ cx = 2,521
λ cx˃ 1.2
𝝎 = 𝟏. 𝟐𝟓 𝛌𝐜𝐱²
𝜔 = 1.25 𝑥 2,521²
𝜔 = 7,944
Nn= Ag . (fy / 𝝎 )
Nn= 41752,266 Kg
𝑁𝑢 11153 𝐾𝑔
( )=( ) = 0.3143 < 1.0 → 𝐴𝑚𝑎𝑛
ɸ Nn 35489,426
Nnlt = Ag . fclt
𝐺 .𝐽
fcrz =
𝐴 𝑟𝑜²
𝐸 200000
G= = = 76923.07692 Mpa
2( 1+𝑣) 2( 1+0.3)
1 1 1
J = 2. Ʃ 𝑏 𝑡² = 2 [3 60 .6³ + (60 − 6). 6³] = 16416 Mpa
3 3
x0 = 0
𝐺 .𝐽 76923,07692 𝑥 16416
fcrz = = = 1746,528 Mpa
𝐴 𝑟𝑜² 1382 𝑥 523,167
fy 240
fcry = = = 30,211 Mpa
ωix 7,944
Nnlt = Ag . fclt
Nnlt = 186073,724 Kg
𝑁𝑢 11153 𝐾𝑔
( )=( ) = 0.705 < 1.0 → 𝐴𝑚𝑎𝑛
ɸ Nn 158162,6654
Diketahui: Suatu struktur rangka batang pada bagian titik simpul seperti tergambar
di atas dengan skala 1: 5.
1. Baut
2. Plat simpul
3. Profil siku
Penyelesaian:
1. Baut
P 24482,40 kg⁄
τ= = 1 = 3044,14 cm2
A ( . π . 1,62 )4
4
2. Plat Simpul
23,5 31 31 31
18 . 23,5( )+ 18 .31(40,5+ )+ 18 .31(88,5+ )+ 18 . 31(136,5+ )+
2 2 2 2
31 31 26,4381
18 .31 (184,5+ )+ 18 . 31(232,5+ )+ 18 . 26,4381 (280,5+ )
2 2 2
𝑦=
423+558+558+558+558+558+457,8858
𝑀 141269,74
𝜎lt = = = 499,82 𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2
𝑊 282,64
𝑁 13261,70
𝜎n = = = 359,49 𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2
𝐴 36,89
𝜎𝑡 = 499,82 + 359,49 = 859,31 𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2
𝑃 24482,40
𝜏= = = 663,66 𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2
𝐴 36,89
𝜎𝑡 = √499,82 2 + 3 (663,66)2 = 1253,46 𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2
𝑃 24482,40
𝜎𝑡 = = = 468,115 𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2
𝐴𝑒𝑓 52,3
S1 =4868,91 kg S2 =1506,20 kg
= 3442,839 kg
= 1065,044 kg
∑V = S1v + S2v
= 3442,839kg + 1065,044 kg
= 4507,883kg
Pt = ∑V
= 4507,883kg
= 45,08KN
M = ∑V x Tinggi kolom
= 45,08 kN x 4 m
= 180,32kNm
M = 180,32KNm
Mutu bahan:
Selimut beton , S = 75 mm
Penyelesaian:
Karena tebal pondasi telapak belum diketahui untuk menghitung berat pondasi dan
tanah di atasnya maka digunakan nilai berat rata-rata yaitu :
𝛾𝑡+ 𝛾𝑏 16+ 23
γ = = = 19,6 kN/m3
2 2
Maka, tekanan tanah yang timbul di bawah pondasi akibat beban tersebut di atas
adalah
= 187 – 33,32
= 153,68 kN/m2
Ukuran pondasi:
𝑃𝑡 45,08
As perlu = = = 0,293 m2
𝑞𝑒 153,68
Ukuran pondasi telapak bujur sangkar, B =√𝐴𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑙𝑢 = √0,293 = 0,541 m ,diambil
B=1m
Aaktual = 1 x 1 = 1 m2
𝑃𝑡 𝑀𝑙𝑙 . 𝑌
qu = ±
𝐴 𝐼
= 45,08 ± 1082,353
qu min = -1037,273kN/m2
maka d = h – S – ½d
= 300 – 45 – 9,5
= 245,5mm
Kekuatan geser
𝐵 𝑏 1000 400
1. Geser 1 arah x = − − 𝑑 = − − 245,5
2 2 2 2
x = 54,5 mm
x d Gaya geser Vu
d h Vu = 61,445 kN
B= 1000 mm
1
Vc =
6
√𝑓𝑐 ′ . bw . d
1
s = 6
√15 . 1000 . 245,5 x 10-3
= 158,470 kN
2. Geser 2 arah
= 2582 mm
= 12 – (0,4 + 0,2455)2
d h = 0,5833 m2
400 + d
Gaya geser Vu :
Vu =qumax x A = 1127,433x0,5833
= 657,632 kN
2
s 1. Vc = (1 + ) (2√𝑓𝑐′) . bo . d
𝛽𝑐
2
400+d = (1 + 1) (2√15) . 2582 . 245,5 . 10-3
1000 mm = 14730,063 kN
𝛼𝑠 . 𝑑 1
2. Vc = ( + 2) (12 √𝑓𝑐′) . 𝑏𝑜 . 𝑑 → dipakai kolom sudut , maka αs = 20
𝑏𝑜
20 . 245,5 1
= ( + 2) (12 √15) .2582 .245,5 .10-3
3650
= 684,376 kN
Tinjauan lentur
𝐵 𝑏 1 0,4
x = − =2 –
2 2 2
x = 0,30 m
fmin qu
𝑎 𝑥
Pot I-I =
𝑓𝑚𝑎𝑥−𝑓𝑚𝑖𝑛 𝐵
𝑥(𝑓𝑚𝑎𝑥−𝑓𝑚𝑖𝑛)
I X a = 𝐵
0,30( 1127,433−(−1037,273 )
= 1
= 649,412 kN/m
a I qu
c fmax- fmin
2/3 x
= 32956,675 kNm
Perhitungan penulangan:
= 0,032
𝜋
Digunakan tulangan D19 → As = 4 (192) = 283,528 mm2
3928
Jumlah tulangan , n = = 13,85 ≈ 14 buah Jadi, digunakan tulangan D19
283,528
Batang 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, dan 6
Ketentuan: Baja 37
= 960 kg/cm2
Perhitungan praktis:
Panjang las :
𝑃 . 3⁄4
𝑙=
𝜏 .𝑎
4868,91 . 3⁄4
𝑙=
960 . 0,353
= 10,776 cm ≈ 11 cm
l = 10 . a
= 10 . 0,353
= 3,53 cm ≈ 4 cm (menentukan)
panjang las = 4 cm
S1 = 4868,91 kg S2 = 1506,20kg
= 4507,884kg
= -2377,795 kg
Fv = 4507,884kg
γb = 2,3
ambil, a = 20 cm
𝐹𝑣 .𝛾𝑏
b = σB’ . a
4507,884 . 2,3
= 60 . 20
= 8,64cm ≈ 9 cm
𝐹𝑣 . 𝛾𝑏
q = 𝑏
4507,884 . 2,3
= 9
= 1152,015kg/cm’
𝑀2 𝑀2
σ = →w =
𝑊 𝜎
57600,75
1,5 t2 = 1600
57600,75
t = √ = 4,899 cm ≈ 5 cm
2400
Banyak anker:
P = Fh = 2377,795kg
τ = 1120 kg/cm2
𝜋 .𝑑2 𝜋 . 1,272
Ng = τ = 1120 = 1419 kg
4 4
𝑃 2377,795
n = = = 1,676 ≈ 2 anker ambil 4 buah anker.
𝑁𝑔 1419
E. PONDASI SETEMPAT
Ketentuan:
Normal , P = 4507,884kg
Perencanaan:
Pembebanan:
Total = 4958,6724 kg
𝑁
Luas pondasi >𝜎𝑡
Ø19
4958,6724
= Ø10-20
0,5
= 9917,3448 cm2
𝑁 4958,6724
τbp = = < τbp = 8,5 kg/cm2
𝐿𝑢𝑎𝑠 𝑏𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑛𝑔 𝑔𝑒𝑠𝑒𝑟 𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑠 4(30+ℎ𝑡)ℎ𝑡
4958,6724
= < 8,5 Geser Pons 25
120 ℎ𝑡+4ℎ𝑡 2
ht = 4,2573cm → ambil ht = 20 cm
25
𝑄𝐼−𝐼 0,5 . 85 . 25
τb = 7 = 7 = 0,714 kg/cm2 ( τb → OK)
𝑏 . .20 85 . . 20
8 8
70
MI-I = ½ . q . l2
20−8
Ca = = 7,332 (ambil 8) → h= ht – 8 = 20 – 8 = 12
24 .13281,25
√
85 .1400
δ = 0
𝜎𝑎 1400
Ø = 4,556 >Ø0 = = = 0,972 (OK)
𝑛 . 𝜎𝑏′ 24 .60
na = 0,01976
0,01976
Aperlu = .8,5 .20 = 0,139 cm2
24
Kolom Pondasi
Tulangan praktis