EXPERIMENT NO :1
DEFINITION:
1) In cryptography, ciphertext is the result of encryption performed on plaintext
using an algorithm, called a cipher.
2) Ciphertext is also known as encrypted or encoded information because it contains
a form of the original plaintext that is unreadable by a human or computer without the
proper cipher to decrypt it.
3) Decryption the inverse of encryption, is the process of turning ciphertext into
readable plaintext. Ciphertext is not to be confused with codetext because the latter is
a result of a code not a cipher.
TYPES OF CIPHERS:
There are a variety of different types of encryption. Algorithms used earlier in
the history of cryptography are substantially different from modern methods,
and modern ciphers can be classified according to how they operate and
whether they use one or two keys.
We follow the tradition by removing all spaces and punctuation, converting all letters
to upper case, and dividing the result into 5-letter blocks. As a result, the above
plaintext and keyword become the following:
CIPHER TEXT:
TWWNP ZOAAS WNUHZ BNWWG SNBVC SLYPM M
4) TRANSPOSITION CIPHER: It is another type of cipher where the order of
the alphabets in the plaintext is rearranged to create the ciphertext. The actual
plaintext alphabets are not replaced.
A transposition cipher does not substitute one symbol for another (as in substitution
cipher), but changes the location of these symbols.
Similarly for the (b) method, we can arrange the same above message into tables
with four columns.