Test

2014 Petrel Fundamentals
Training and Exercise Guide
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About Petrel E&P Software Platform 2014*
Petrel E&P Software Platform 2014 helps increase reservoir
performance by improving asset team productivity. Geophysicists,
geologists, and reservoir engineers can develop collaborative
workflows and integrate operations to streamline processes.
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Benefits
Unify workflows for E&P teams - Eliminate the gaps in traditional
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systems that require handoffs from one technical domain to the next
using Petrel model-centric workflows in a shared earth model.
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Manage risk and uncertainty - Easily test multiple scenarios,
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analyze risk and uncertainty, capture data relationships and parameters
to perform rapid updates as new data arrives, and perform detailed
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simulation history matching.
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Enable knowledge management and best practices - Reduce
workflow learning curves by capturing best practices via the Workflow
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Editor, providing quick access to preferred workflows and increasing
ease of use through intuitive and repeatable workflows.
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Accelerate innovative software development - Seamlessly

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integrate your intellectual property into the Petrel workflow through the
open Ocean framework. This environment leverages .NET tools and
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offers stable, user-friendly interfaces for efficient development,

allowing focus on innovation rather than infrastructure.
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Copyright Notice
© 1998-2014 Schlumberger. All rights reserved.
No part of this manual may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system,
or translated in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
including photocopying and recording, without the prior written
permission of Schlumberger Information Solutions, 5599 San Felipe,
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Suite 1700, Houston, TX 77056-2722.
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Disclaimer
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Use of this product is governed by the License Agreement.
Schlumberger makes no warranties, express, implied, or statutory, with
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respect to the product described herein and disclaims without limitation
any warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose.
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Schlumberger reserves the right to revise the information in this manual
at any time without notice. rn
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Trademark Information
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*Mark of Schlumberger. Certain other products and product names are

trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies or
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organizations.
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Table of Contents
About Petrel E&P Software Platform 2014* ..........................................................................2
Copyright Notice......................................................................................................................3
Disclaimer................................................................................................................................3
Trademark Information.............................................................................................................3
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About this manual ...................................................................................................................13
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Prerequisites..........................................................................................................................13
Learning objectives................................................................................................................14
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What you will need.......................................................................................................14
What to expect......................................................................................................................16
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Course conventions...............................................................................................................17
Icons.......................................................................................................................................18
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Additional Petrel training courses.........................................................................................19
Training materials and references.........................................................................................20
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Summary................................................................................................................................20
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Module 1 — About Petrel ......................................................................................................21
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Lesson 1 — What is Petrel?.................................................................................................21
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Lesson 2 — Ocean software development platform............................................................23

Lesson 3 — Studio E&P knowledge environment................................................................25
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Lesson 4 — How the tools integrate....................................................................................27

Review questions..................................................................................................................28
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Summary................................................................................................................................28
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Module 2 — Getting started: Petrel basics........................................................................29

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Lesson 1 — Dataset..............................................................................................................29
Lesson 2 — Access Petrel Help............................................................................................31
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Lesson 3 — Petrel user interface.........................................................................................33

Domain tabs and groups................................................................................................34
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Perspectives...................................................................................................................35
Petrel Explorer panes.....................................................................................................36
Other interface elements...............................................................................................38
Interactive tools.............................................................................................................39
Tool palette....................................................................................................................40
Players...........................................................................................................................40
Mini toolbar and context menu.....................................................................................42
Inspector........................................................................................................................43
Petrel Fundamentals Table of Contents • 5
Save Petrel project data................................................................................................44
Lesson 4 — Project settings and system settings................................................................47
Procedure — Project setup (settings and units)...........................................................47
Procedure — Setting the coordinate reference system...............................................48
System settings.............................................................................................................49
Lesson 5 — Studio Tools....................................................................................................... 51
Exercises — Petrel Basics....................................................................................................57
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Exercise 1 — Start Petrel..............................................................................................58
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Exercise 2 — Configure project settings......................................................................58
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Exercise 3 — Set units and coordinates for a new project..........................................59
Exercise 4 — Open an existing project.........................................................................62
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Domain tabs...................................................................................................................62
The Petrel interface.......................................................................................................63
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Exercise 5 — Experiment with tabs and panes............................................................63
Exercise 6 — Create your own Favorites pane.............................................................67
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Review questions..................................................................................................................68
Summary................................................................................................................................68
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Module 3 — Understand, retrieve, and prepare your data..............................................69
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Lesson 1 — Import data in your local project.......................................................................70

Spatial awareness.........................................................................................................70
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Data types......................................................................................................................70
Examples of Data Formats.............................................................................................72
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Import data....................................................................................................................72
Procedure — Import data with a predefined format....................................................73
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Procedure — Import data: General workflow...............................................................76

Procedure — Import lines/points with the general ASCII reader...............................76
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Data organization..........................................................................................................80
User-defined folders vs. folders defined by Petrel........................................................81
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Procedure — Insert new folders...................................................................................82

Procedure — Export data..............................................................................................82
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Available export formats...............................................................................................83

Exercises — Load data to your local working project..........................................................84
Exercise 1 — Import well headers................................................................................85
Exercise 2 — Import well deviations............................................................................88
Exercise 3 — Import well logs......................................................................................92
Exercise 4 — Import well tops......................................................................................95
Exercises — Import other data.............................................................................................96
Exercise 1 — Import a seismic 3D volume...................................................................96
6 • Table of Contents Petrel Fundamentals
Lesson 2 — Data in Petrel and Studio................................................................................100
Procedure — Open the Reference project tool...........................................................100
Reference project tool.................................................................................................102
GUID concept...............................................................................................................104
Project data table........................................................................................................107
Procedure — Display project data in the Project data table......................................107
Studio repositories......................................................................................................108
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Users and roles............................................................................................................109
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Database tool..............................................................................................................110
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Procedure — Display the Database tool....................................................................110
Repository data table..................................................................................................112
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Lesson 3 — Studio database interactions..........................................................................114
Procedure — Create and test a database connection................................................115
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Procedure — Delete a database connection..............................................................117
Connect to a Studio repository....................................................................................118
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Procedure — Connect to a Studio repository using Windows authentication..........120
Procedure — Connect to a Studio Repository using a database authenticated
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user..............................................................................................................................121
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Folder behavior in Petrel and Studio...........................................................................123
Lesson 4 — Working with indexed data: Basic concepts.................................................. 125
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Search settings in Petrel.............................................................................................128

Local project indexes...................................................................................................129
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Procedure — Index a project locally...........................................................................129

Work with data environments.....................................................................................130
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Procedure — Import a data environment...................................................................131

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Procedure — Change the location of the data environment configuration path.......132

Search with Find..........................................................................................................133
Load data items from search results: Add to the Shopping cart................................136
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Procedure — Load a StudioFindSelection file............................................................137

Load data items from search results: Load directly....................................................138
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Procedure —Load data items directly from the search results, not in Silent mode..139
Lesson 5 — Team collaboration..........................................................................................141
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Quality attributes.........................................................................................................141
Exercises — Data in Petrel and Studio...............................................................................143
Exercise 1 — Import a data environment ..................................................................143
If the Studio database was not deployed for the class, skip this exercise................143
Exercise 2 — Find data to populate a Petrel project .................................................145
Exercise 3 — Load data from a Studio Find selection file.......................................... 149

Exercises — Notifications of changes in items stored in a folder ................................... 153
Exercise 1 — Retrieve a well folder from the FUNDAMENTALS repository.............153
Exercise 2 — Subscribe to the well folder you retrieved..........................................154
Exercise 3 — Send updated data items to the repository.........................................155
Exercise 4 — Review the notifications and retrieve the updated data items...........157
Review questions................................................................................................................159
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Summary..............................................................................................................................159
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Module 4 — Visualization and QC .....................................................................................161
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Learning objectives..............................................................................................................161
Lesson 1 — Visualization....................................................................................................162
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Visualization: Selection Boxes....................................................................................163
Lesson 2 — 2D and 3D windows........................................................................................165
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Well manager..............................................................................................................166
Well tops.....................................................................................................................167
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Procedure — Use the well tops spreadsheet.............................................................168
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Procedure — Display well data in time......................................................................169
Procedure —Create time logs.....................................................................................170
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Procedure — Visualize domains (ANY, TWT, TVD).....................................................171
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Lesson 3 — Stratigraphic chart window............................................................................174

Data objects.................................................................................................................175
Procedure — Open stratigraphic charts.....................................................................176
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Visualize stratigraphic charts......................................................................................177

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Columns and geo-time data........................................................................................177

Procedure — Create empty geo-time curves..............................................................178
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Stratigraphic charts spreadsheet................................................................................178

Procedure — Change levels in the spreadsheet........................................................179
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Lesson 4 — Charting window.............................................................................................180

Procedure — Display data in a Charting window......................................................180
Lesson 5 — Well section window.....................................................................................182
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Procedure — Well section template..........................................................................183

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Procedure — Display well data..................................................................................184

Definition tab...............................................................................................................185
General track settings.................................................................................................187
Procedure — Project seismic data in the cross-section.............................................188
Lesson 6 — Histogram window.........................................................................................189
Procedure — Display data in a histogram window....................................................190
Lesson 7 — Function window.............................................................................................191
Procedure — Create functions or crossplots..............................................................191
Lesson 8 — Map window and map services.....................................................................192
Procedure — Display objects in the Map window.....................................................193
Map services...............................................................................................................194
Procedure — Insert a map service.............................................................................194
Lesson 9 — Intersection window......................................................................................195
Create a general intersection plane............................................................................196
Procedure — Create a general intersection from the Input pane..............................197
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Move a general intersection.......................................................................................198
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Procedure — Configure the general intersection style settings................................199
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Procedure — Create Intersection window from General Intersection.......................200
Exercises — Visualization...................................................................................................201
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Exercise 1 — Visualize wells......................................................................................202
Exercise 2 — Define settings: Color, style, and operations.......................................203
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Exercise 3 — Add a note on a specific item...............................................................204
Exercise 4 — Create a new Well Section window using a pre-defined template.....205
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Exercise 5 — Scroll and zoom....................................................................................212
Exercise 6 — Visualize a well section fence..............................................................213
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Exercise 7 — Object settings: Check statistics..........................................................216
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Exercise 8 — Change attributes on the Style and Info tabs......................................216
Exercise 9 — Visualize data in a function window....................................................218
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Exercise 10 — Visualize data in a histogram window...............................................220

Exercise 11 — Define a cross-section plane (general intersection)...........................221
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Exercise 12 — Visualize and Edit a stratigraphic column .........................................226

Exercise 13 — Insert a generic geo-time curve..........................................................229
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Exercise 14 — Charting window................................................................................232

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Summary..............................................................................................................................234
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Module 5 — Seismic reconnaissance..............................................................................235

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Lesson 1 — Seismic data visualization..............................................................................235

Seismic main folder.....................................................................................................236
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Scan through your seismic cube..................................................................................240

Procedure — Move seismic lines in a 3D window.....................................................240
Lesson 2 — Interpretation window....................................................................................242
Procedure — Create a new interpretation window...................................................242
Procedure — Create a new interpretation window directly from an intersection.....244
Interpretation window manipulation...........................................................................245
Lesson 3 — Volume rendering............................................................................................247
Procedure — Render hidden features........................................................................247
Lesson 4 — 2D base map...................................................................................................249
Procedure — Display data in a 2D window................................................................249
Procedure — Use the Inspector tool ..........................................................................251
Procedure — Configure the Light tool........................................................................253
Procedure — Tile windows ........................................................................................254
Exercises — Seismic visualization.....................................................................................255
Exercise 1 — Display inlines, crosslines, and random lines in a 3D window............255
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Exercise 2 — Manipulate seismic lines in the base map or 3D window...................258
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Exercise 3 — Post data in an interpretation window.................................................262
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Exercise 4 — Insert a time slice.................................................................................264
Exercise 5 — Experiment with the Light tool.............................................................265
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Exercise 6 — Tile the windows..................................................................................267
Comments....................................................................................................................268
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Summary..............................................................................................................................268
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Module 6 — Make surfaces process.................................................................................269
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Lesson 1 — Surfaces..........................................................................................................270
Procedure — Make and edit polygons.......................................................................272
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Polygon or point creation.............................................................................................273

Make surface workflow...............................................................................................274
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Procedure — Make a stratigraphic surface ...............................................................274

Isochore point creation................................................................................................276
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Procedure — Create isochore points..........................................................................277

Procedure — Make a thickness map..........................................................................278
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Procedure — Recover the settings and regenerate a surface...................................281

Style changes for a surface.........................................................................................282
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Surface calculations and operations...........................................................................283

Exercises — Make surfaces and polygons.........................................................................287
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Exercise 1 — Create a (project) boundary .................................................................287

Exercise 2 — Create a stratigraphic surface for Top Tarbert.....................................289
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Exercise 3 — Create a stratigraphic surface for Base cretaceous.............................291

Exercise 4 — Edit surfaces and polygons...................................................................293
Exercise 5 — Visualize surfaces.................................................................................296
Summary..............................................................................................................................297
Module 7 — Make simple grid...........................................................................................299

Lesson — Options to build a 3D grid in Petrel...................................................................300
Structural framework...................................................................................................301
Simple grid ..................................................................................................................302
Procedure — Make a simple grid...............................................................................303
Procedure — Visualize a simple grid..........................................................................305
Procedure — Layering.................................................................................................307
Geological vs. simulation grid.....................................................................................308
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Exercise — Run the simple grid functionality....................................................................310
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Summary..............................................................................................................................314
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Module 8 — Geometrical modeling...................................................................................315
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Lesson — Geometrical modeling........................................................................................316
Bulk volume.................................................................................................................317
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Well index....................................................................................................................320
Property player.............................................................................................................321
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Property filter...............................................................................................................322
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Index filter....................................................................................................................323
Value filter...................................................................................................................324
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Visual filters for the 3D grid........................................................................................328

Exercises — Geometrical property modeling ....................................................................329
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Exercise 1 — Create bulk volume (Check gross rock volume and volume per cell)...329
Exercise 2 — Apply a value filter to a property..........................................................331
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Exercise 3 — Grid quality check: Create a cell angle property..................................332

Exercise 4 — Filter with the Property player..............................................................334
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Exercise 5 — Create a well and zone index property.................................................335

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Summary..............................................................................................................................337
Module 9 — Plotting.............................................................................................................339
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Lesson 1 — Windows pane................................................................................................339

Windows pane navigation...........................................................................................340
Map window................................................................................................................340
Procedure — Make scaled maps: Map window........................................................341
Procedure — Display properties in a Map window ..................................................343
Log signatures.............................................................................................................344
Procedure — Add log signatures................................................................................344
Well labels: Well label settings..................................................................................345
Procedure — Set well labels......................................................................................346
Procedure — Add content to well labels....................................................................347
Layering.......................................................................................................................348
Procedure — Change the order of the layering..........................................................349
Style for gridded surfaces...........................................................................................350
Procedure — Configure surface settings....................................................................350
Procedure — Display your own text: Annotations.....................................................352
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Plot window.................................................................................................................355
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Procedure — Create a Montage plot..........................................................................355
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Procedure — Update the Well section viewport........................................................359
Screen captures: EMF and bitmap formats.................................................................360
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Procedure — Capture an image in EMF and bitmap formats ....................................360
Procedure — Define a printer.....................................................................................362
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Paper setup..................................................................................................................363
Printing.........................................................................................................................364
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Exercises — Plotting ..........................................................................................................365
Exercise 1 — Define a map for plotting......................................................................366
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Exercise 2 — Display log signatures..........................................................................370
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Exercise 3 — Display properties.................................................................................372
Exercise 4 — Create a new Map window to display well labels and pie charts......373
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Exercise 5 — Create well labels.................................................................................376

Exercises — Layer control and surface transparency........................................................380
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Exercise 6 — Change the drawing order of objects displayed in a Map window.....380

Exercise 7 — Apply surface transparency in the Map window.................................382
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Exercise 8 — Display annotations..............................................................................383

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Exercise 9 — Create Montage plots...........................................................................385

Exercise 10 — Well section viewport........................................................................388
Summary..............................................................................................................................389
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Appendix — Additional Petrel training.............................................................................391

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Petrel geophysics training...................................................................................................391

Seismic visualization and interpretation.....................................................................391
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Geology training..................................................................................................................393
Petrel geology..............................................................................................................395
Structural modeling.....................................................................................................396
Reservoir engineering training............................................................................................398
Petrel reservoir engineering course............................................................................399
Studio Manager training.............................................................................................401
Studio for Petrel user training.....................................................................................402

About this manual
The Petrel Fundamentals course is the foundation for all Petrel
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courses and is a requirement before taking any other Petrel training.
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Other Petrel basic courses concentrate on Geology, Geophysics, and
Reservoir Engineering. The purpose of this course is to present the
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elementary uses of Petrel.
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The training focuses on the interface, project setup, and visualization.
You learn the process of setting up a project, visualizing data, creating
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surfaces, making a simple grid, creating geometrical models, and
plotting data.
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This course provides Geoscientists and Reservoir Engineers with the
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basics of using Petrel. It is designed for participants with little or no
prior experience in Petrel. The focus of the training is the basic use of
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the application and how to get started with Petrel.
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The course takes you from Petrel project setup to plotting the modeling
results; data import and well visualization also is presented. You learn
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how to create maps and surfaces, simple grids and geometrical models.
You also learn to visualize and quality check your data, for example
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using intersections.
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By attending this course, you gain a general overview of the basic

functionality in Petrel. After completing the course, you will know
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enough about basic Petrel operations to build a simple grid on your

own, complete with geometrical properties.
Due to the scope of the software, there is a wide range of functionality
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in Petrel that is not presented in this course.

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Prerequisites
To complete this training, you must have
• English proficiency
• basic Windows and practical computing skills
• knowledge of geoscience fundamentals
Petrel Fundamentals Introduction to Petrel • 13

Learning objectives
After completing this course, you will be able to:
• set up a Petrel project
• navigate the Petrel user interface
• import data
• visualize seismic and well data in various Petrel windows
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• make surfaces from input data
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• construct a simple grid
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• populate the model with geometrical properties
• develop workflows for mapping and plotting.
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What you will need
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In this course, you will need the following hardware and applications to
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perform the workflows:
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Minimum System Recommendations
Operating system (recommended) Microsoft Windows 7 SP1 - (64-
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bit) Professional, Enterprise, or
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Ultimate editions
Processor Quad-core processor (best with a
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fast clock speed and high cache)

Memory 16 GB RAM (32+ GB
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recommended)
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Display The quality of the viewing

experience increases with the
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size and number of monitors

Graphics NVIDIA® Quadro® K2000 or
NVIDIA Quadro® K2000M for
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Mobile Workstation/Laptop
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Primary storage Fast rotational speed HDD (10k,

15k Rotation Per Minute(RPM).)
or SSD
Secondary storage Secondary storage
14 • Introduction to Petrel Petrel Fundamentals

Preferred Hardware
Operating system (recommended) Microsoft Windows 7 SP1 - (64-
bit) Professional, Enterprise, or
Ultimate editions
Processor Dual quad-core or hex-core
processors (best with a fast clock
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speed and high cache)
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Memory 64 GB RAM
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Display The quality of the viewing
experience increases with the
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size and number of monitors
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Graphics NVIDIA Quadro K5000
Primary storage Fast rotational speed HDD (10k,
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15k) or 300 GB SSD
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For better user experience,
multiple high speed disks is
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recommended.
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Secondary storage Optional

Other Required Software
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Microsoft .NET® Framework 4.5

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• A Petrel license and license key

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• Petrel Seismic to Simulation Software with the latest updates

• Training datasets
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What to expect
In each module within this training material, you encounter the
following:
• Overview of the module
• Prerequisites to the module (if necessary)
• Learning objectives
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• A workflow component (if applicable)
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• Lessons that explain a subject or an activity in the workflow
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• Procedures that show the steps in a task
• Exercises that allow you to practice a task by using the steps in
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the procedure with a dataset
• Scenario-based exercises
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• Questions about the module
• Summary of the module.
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You also encounter notes, tips, and best practices.
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Course conventions
The content in this manual uses the following conventions.
Characters in Bold Names of windows, dialog boxes, menus, and
tabs, such as “the Define simulation case
dialog box”
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Keyboard commands and action buttons, such as
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“click OK”
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Names of tools and icons, such as “Inspector
tool”
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Schlumberger software application names, such
as Petrel, Techlog*, or ECLIPSE*
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Characters in italics Names of files, directories, and drive navigation
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paths, such as “the sample.dat file”
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Names of sections and areas in windows and
dialog boxes, such as “Experiments area”
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First use of important terms or concepts, such as
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compositional simulation or “Safe mode is

used when...”
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Characters in Code, data, and other literal text the user sees or
fixed-width enters, such as “Enter 0.7323”
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Characters in Times Names of options, functions, processes, lists,

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columns, check boxes, and radio buttons

Instructions to make menu selections are written using bold text and
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arrows indicating the selection sequence, such as “Select File > Text you must enter
Save.” is indicated in a fixed-width
font or a fixed-width font
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inside triangle brackets. Do

not include the brackets
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when you enter the required

information.

Icons
Throughout this manual, you find icons in the margin representing
various kinds of information. These icons serve as at-a-glance
reminders of the meaning of their associated text. The following icons
re used.
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Additional Petrel training courses
The Petrel Training group provides many courses for Petrel and its
functionalities. The chart shows you how multiple types of training can
be combined and for what level they are built.
For more information, visit our web site: www.nexttraining.net.
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Figure 1 Petrel training courses 2014

Training materials and references
There are three types of training support materials included in the
course:
• Classroom training: Manual, slides, and exercises.
• Help manual: Structured and detailed information about
Petrel functionality.
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• Release Notes: Short description of new functionalities;
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supplied with each new release.
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Summary
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In this introduction, we:
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• defined the learning objectives
• described the structure of the manual
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• outlined the tools you need for this training
• discussed course conventions you encounter within this
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material.
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Module 1 — About Petrel
In this module, you learn about the Petrel* E&P platform and how you
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can use the Studio* E&P knowledge environment and the Ocean*
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software development framework to extend the capabilities of Petrel.
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Learning objectives
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After completing this module, you will have an understanding of:
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• the purposes of Petrel
• Ocean and the purpose of plug-ins
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• Studio and how it can enhance a workflow
• how all three products work to help you achieve your goals.
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Lesson 1 — What is Petrel?
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Petrel brings together geophysicists, geologists, and reservoir

engineers on a single working platform. It helps individuals and asset
teams solve subsurface challenges, from exploration to development.
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Petrel helps you make better decisions in three ways:

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• enables disciplines to work together

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• provides access to the most current science

• increases workflow productivity.
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By enabling disciplines to work together, all team members and their

work processes contribute to developing a single volumetric (static and
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dynamic) earth model that is scalable for exploration and development

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projects.
This feature eliminates the traditional workflow gaps created during
handoffs from one technical domain to another. Petrel enables true
asset team collaboration by providing tools for expert, intermediate,
and novice users to do their jobs.
Petrel Fundamentals About Petrel • 21

There are many tools available in Petrel that support asset teams:
• Seismic interpretation
• Well correlation
• Fault modeling
• Pillar gridding, layering
• Depth conversion
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• Scaling up
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• Property modeling
• Make contacts
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• Volume calculation
• Simulation run results
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• Well engineering
• Upscaling
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Figure 1 illustrates some of these Petrel tools.
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Figure 1 Tools available in Petrel
22 • About Petrel Petrel Fundamentals

Lesson 2 — Ocean software development
platform
Ocean is more than a product; it is a strategy of openness (though not
an open source). Ocean is a software development framework based
on Microsoft state-of-the-art technology that allows you to integrate
specialized applications or intellectual property within the Petrel E&P
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software platform.
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Ocean gives you the freedom to create specialized workflows that solve
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unique reservoir challenges within the shared earth, model-centric
environment of Petrel. It leverages one of the key differentiators of
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Petrel - multidiscipline collaboration.
Ocean extends Petrel with new algorithms (proprietary IP), modules
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and processes, custom domain objects, menus, windows, and dialog
boxes.
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Ocean also integrates Petrel in an existing petro-technical platform,
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including new import/export options, and provides integrated workflows
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that include more than sharing data. The Ocean store (Figure 2) is a
website where geoscientists and engineers in the oil and gas industry
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can browse, buy, and download Ocean software plug-ins for the Petrel
software platform.
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Figure 2 Ocean store

It is important to understand and interpret your data so you can more
fully exploit available hydrocarbon reserves. Many plug-ins extend the
functionality of Petrel to help you solve your exploitation challenges,
including Petroleum Systems Quick Look and Blueback’s Geology
Toolbox.
An example of an Ocean plug-in is the Geoscreening plug-in designed
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by Schlumberger (Figure 3).
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Figure 3 Geoscreening plug-in in the Ocean store

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This plug-in is used in subsurface uncertainty analysis workflows to

select representative geological models. These models are intended for
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detailed reservoir simulation to quantify production uncertainties and

make robust development plans.
Many other plug-ins are available on the Ocean store that cover various
domains and workflows.

Lesson 3 — Studio E&P knowledge environment
The activities associated with exploration, development, and production
produce large amounts of data, which you must be able to manage,
access, and use. The Studio environment provides three key
capabilities that drive productivity for petrotechnical specialists.
• Find data in the context of the model, among disparate
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sources. When searching, you can use a geographical context
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and filter the results of your search based on data-specific
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criteria (depth, user, project location, data type, dates, etc.).
The other option is to apply spatial filters and graphically
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preview these results within your project to uncover previous
work/interpretation or critical information. When you find the
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data, you can load it into your project with a simple click.
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Figure 4 The Find capability provides asset data awareness and access
• Share and collaborate with multidisciplinary asset team

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members to enhance the way they work together to explore,

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characterize, and develop reservoirs. The Studio environment

enables you to publish interpretations and insights when they
are ready for your team to access and use them. Team
members can sign up for notifications of changes, so they are
aware of updates made across the project and who made them
(Figure 5).

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Figure 5 Studio supports team collaboration with shared interpretations and
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immediate change notifications.
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• Manage in context of the asset to capture, retain, and deliver
the necessary results to the organization. The Studio database
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is the engine powering the collaboration, using a publish/
subscribe model (Figure 6). With this approach, you publish
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interpretations and insights when they are ready to be shared.

The Studio Manager tool gives data managers a quick
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understanding of the state of their Studio environment.

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Figure 6 Studio Manager provides data managers the tools to administrate the
Studio environment
Lesson 4 — How the tools integrate
Petrel, Studio, and Ocean work together to provide workflows for
core disciplines and extensibility into different domains (Figure 7).
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Figure 7 Ocean extensibility
Ocean encompasses Petrel, Techlog*, and Avocet* software and

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includes three perspectives: the earth model perspective (Petrel), the

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wellbore perspective (Techlog), and the operational perspective

(Avocet).
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These three perspectives inherently overlap, and each of them

contributes to knowledge within the company. The perspectives are
linked together within a knowledge system that Studio brings together,
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with everything necessary to make key decisions at the right time.

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Many disciplines share multiple platform technologies and are used

throughout the lifecycle of a well. The integration between the Petrel,
Studio, and Ocean platforms help asset teams to collaborate
throughout the E&P lifecycle from discovery to abandonment (Figure 8).

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Figure 8 Functionality shared among the platforms

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Review questions
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• What is the purpose of the Ocean store?

• What are the three components of Studio?
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• Name two Petrel Ocean plug-ins.
Summary
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In this module, you were introduced to Petrel 2014, as well as

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some of the basic functions in Ocean and Studio.

Module 2 — Getting started:
Petrel basics
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In this module, you learn about the Petrel user interface and some
important project parameters. After setting these parameters, you can
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start to populate the project with data.
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Learning objectives
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After completing this module, you will know how to:
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• start Petrel with a new or existing project
• use the general user interface rn
• set important project parameters, coordinates, and units
• set the database settings in Petrel.
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Lesson 1 — Dataset
During this training, you work with three types of information in Petrel:
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a dataset, a field description, and a data description.

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Dataset:
• Gullfaks field (Figure 1)
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• A major oilfield in the North Sea; exploration started in 1974

and now produces through three platforms
• Commercially released data by Statoil (a Norwegian oil
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company).
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Field description:
• Rotated fault blocks caused by a structural trap
• Reservoir is mainly Lower to Middle Jurassic sandstones
• 1.9 billion barrels of recoverable oil
• 23 billion cubic meters of gas
• 2.4 million tons of condensate.
Petrel Fundamentals Petrel Basics • 29
Data description: Wells, well logs, well tops, velocity data, and 3D
seismic.
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Figure 1 Gullfaks field

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30 • Petrel Basics Petrel Fundamentals

Lesson 2 — Access Petrel Help
To access the Help Center, select File tab > Help > Help Center
(Figure 2) or press the keyboard shortcut F1.
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Figure 2 Accessing Petrel help

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The Help center contains the latest Petrel documentation as well as
documentation from the two previous Petrel versions. It features a
universal search capable of looking through all installed documentation.
In addition, you are provided with links to access the Support Portal, the
NExT* training portal, and the Ocean* store (Figure 3).
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Figure 3 Help Center interface
1 Search box
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2 Online Help Quick links

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3 Documentation archive and useful links

4 Installed Ocean Plug-Ins help

Lesson 3 — Petrel user interface
The Petrel user interface consists of three main parts: the display
window, the ribbon, and the Explorer panes (Figure 4).
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Figure 4 The main elements of the Petrel user interface

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1 Quick access toolbar

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2 Domain tabs
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3 Contextual tabs
4 Window toolbar
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5 Explorer panes
6 Display window
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7 Status bar
8 Object information

Domain tabs and groups
All the dialog launchers, tools, and actions associated with Petrel
processes are on the domain tabs. Domain tabs can be filtered using
the Perspective tool and the tabs are subdivided into Groups (Figure
5).
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Figure 5 Domain tabs and groups in the Petrel interface
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1 Domain tabs
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2 Groups rn
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Some processes and utilities are located on multiple tabs to improve
efficiency. More complex workflows often require you to use multiple
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tabs and core tabs are associated with domain workflows. Object-
specific and window-specific information as well as plug-in functions
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appear on contextual tabs as necessary.

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Perspectives
The Perspective button on the Home tab allows you to filter the
ribbon to display only the tabs you need for your domain workflow.
Filtering the domain tabs frees up the ribbon for clear display of any
contextual tabs, such as those associated with your Ocean plug-ins.
Perspective changes are saved between Petrel sessions.
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On the Home tab, click the Perspective split button and choose one of
the filters shown in Figure 6.
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Figure 6 Perspectives
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Seismic to Simulation
Geology and Geophysics
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Advanced Geophysics
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Reservoir and Production

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Drilling
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Petrel Explorer panes
There are different panes available in Petrel. All panes have free
placement and grouping, and can be enabled or disabled using the
Panes icon on the Home tab (Figure 7).
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Figure 7 Petrel Explorer panes

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Input pane Store imported data, such as wells,

seismic, surfaces, lines, points, gridded
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surfaces, and SEG-Y data. Output data of

the same type also is stored here.
For example, if a set of internally modeled
faults are converted to polygons, the
generated polygons are added
automatically to the Input pane.

Models pane Generated 3D models, velocity models,
fracture models, simulation grid, and the
internally created data connected to them
(faults, trends, and 3D grids).
This pane also contains imported data of
the same data type.
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Results pane Numerical results from volume
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calculations and simulations that can be
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browsed and from which you can
generate reports.
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Templates pane Predefined color templates
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Cases pane All simulation and volumetric cases.
Workflows pane Stores results from the Workflow editor
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and Uncertainty and optimization
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process. It also contains a folder with
predefined variables.
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Windows pane All windows in use (3D window,
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interpretation window, etc.)

Message log A listing of all actions in the Petrel
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session.
Tasks Shows the progress of memory-
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consuming tasks and allows you to cancel

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a task.
Favorites pane Can be used to customize access to the
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data and processes in Petrel. It consists

of shortcuts to data (Input pane and
Models pane), processes, windows,
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templates, workflows, and cases.

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Layouts Stores customized windows

arrangements.

Other interface elements
In addition to the previously described elements in the interface, more
options are shown in Figure 8.
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Figure 8 Additional interface elements

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1 Quick access toolbar: Collects your frequently used tools in the

title bar. The Quick-access toolbar is customized to your Petrel
installation. By default, it contains several tools such as Save,
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Undo, and Redo.

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2 Contextual tabs: These tabs appear on the ribbon above the core
domain tabs when you activate a display window or select a
displayed object. They are colored differently from core tabs and
they support your Ocean plug-ins.
3 Window toolbar: This toolbar automatically changes to show the
most frequently used interactive tools for the active window
type. For example, the Camera linking tool appears for 3D
windows.
4 Status bar: The status of the last action.
5 Object Information: When clicking an object in the display
window, information about it displays in the lower right corner
Interactive tools
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To manipulate objects in the display with reduced mouse movement,
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mini toolbars and tool palettes appear at the point of action in your
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active window (Figure 9).
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Figure 9 Interactive tools

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1 Tool palette
2 Players
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3 Mini toolbar and context menu

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4 Inspector

Tool palette
The Tool palette is a floating window that indicates which interactive
tool is active. It allows you to select the tools required to complete your
workflow without leaving the display window. There are several ways
to access the tool palette.
• Home tab > View group > Tool palette
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• Ctrl+F3
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• Click any ribbon tool that has a toolbox overlay
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Players
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Players target actions rather than objects. When open, players are
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visible from any display window. Some Players tools are disabled,
depending on which window is active (Figure 10).
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Figure 10 Access the players from the ribbon

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To open a player, on the Home tab, in the View group, click Players
split and choose one the following types:
Intersection
Grid
Property
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Time
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Flight
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When open, you can change players without returning to the ribbon.
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Click a different icon at the top of the Players window (Figure 11).
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Figure 11 Property player in the Players window

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Mini toolbar and context menu
The Mini toolbar hosts interactive tools you use to manipulate objects
in the display. When you open this toolbar, you also open a context
menu for that object.
A command that appears in the Mini toolbar is not duplicated in the
context menu. Click Select (P) icon (or the View mode (V) ) and
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right-click a displayed object. It opens a Mini toolbar and context menu
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(Figure 12).
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Figure 12 Mini toolbar and context menu
1 Select (P)
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2 Mini toolbar
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3 Contextual Menu

Inspector
The Inspector offers a quick way to see information about objects and
to visualize setting changes interactively. Controls on the Inspector
dynamically change to fit the type of object you point to in your display.
If Inspector is not open, a picked object displays limited information in
simple text on the Status bar. When the Inspector window is open,
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you see detailed information and display settings, such as point
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coordinates, mean and standard deviation statistics, and color table
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settings.
The detailed information is otherwise available only by opening the
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Settings dialog box for an object (Figure 13). To open, select Home tab
> View group > Inspector .
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Figure 13 Inspector
You can move the Inspector window anywhere on the display screen
and resize it.
All Inspector statistics can be copied to the clipboard by clicking
directly on values and using standard copy/paste functions. These
functions are useful for retrieving statistics from data displayed on the
screen, such as coordinates or inline and crossline numbers.
Save Petrel project data
All model data is saved to a project file with the extension <project_
name>.pet. This file contains links to all related objects in a saved
project.
An associated project directory, <project_name>.ptd contains all data
object files. Both the .pet file and the .ptd folder are required for you to
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use a Petrel project.
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1 Open Project: Opens an existing Petrel project (.pet).

2 Save Project As: Saves a Petrel project by prompting you for a
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new name. Both the .pet file and the .ptd data folder are
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saved.
3 Automatic Save: Automatically saves a Petrel project,
overwriting the current saved version. Use with caution.

Automatic save
By default, Petrel prompts you at a selected time interval to save the
current project (default of 15 minutes). If you do not wish to be
prompted, select File > Project setup > Automatic save > Misc
settings 1 > Silent auto-save.
Use Automatic save with caution because it overwrites the current
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saved project. With this option, you cannot revert to your original
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version if you make an error.
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Also, when working on large projects, saving the project at automatic
intervals can take a long time.
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Lesson 4 — Coordinate systems in Petrel
With Petrel, you can load, export, and transfer point-based data and
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bin-grids in a spatial context. Objects defined in a specific coordinate
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reference system (CRS) can be converted or transformed into another
CRS (Figure 14).
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Work done at a reservoir level does not always require spatial
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awareness as a prerequisite, so it is possible to set a project as

Spatially unaware, such as with an Undefined CRS.
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Figure 14 Coordinate systems provide a framework for defining real-world

locations

These data items are supported for coordinate conversion:
Point-based data:
• Points (points with attributes)
• Polygons
• 2D seismic lines
• 2D seismic interpretation
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• Faults
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• Well data (Well Head, Deviation surveys [Grid / True north],
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Markers, Well point data
• Surface images
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Bin-grids:
• 3D seismic cube (SEGY, and ZGY)
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• Regular surfaces
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Petrel uses the Esri cartographic engine (see “Spatial Glossary” in
Petrel Help) to perform conversions and transformations. An external
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application, Coordinate System Manager (CSM), enables you to
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create early-bound CRSs and it is the only one supported by Petrel.

(For more detail, consult the CSM in the Petrel Help).
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Spatial enablement also introduces latitude and longitude support for

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read-outs, statistics, and maps with latitude and longitude lines.

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Lesson 4 — Project settings and system settings
When you open a new Petrel project, you record project information
and units. Remember that this information is not stored with the data
and the settings dialog box is your only source of projection and unit
information.
To open Project settings, select File tab > Project setup > Project
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settings.
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Procedure — Project setup (settings and units)
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1. Project info: Go to the Info tab and fill in project information.
2. Projection and Units: On the Coordinates and units tab, set
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up the projection and units.
a. Click Select and choose a coordinate system.
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b. Toggle ON Lat/long format for activating the Petrel spatial
awareness.
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c. Choose a standard project unit system from the drop-down
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menu (Metric or Field), or click Customize to set units
from mixed-unit systems.
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Ensure that the data is imported with the correct units. It is not possible
to convert units of data already imported into the project, but you can
convert data when importing and exporting.
Use the Coordinate reference system selection dialog box in Petrel
to choose a coordinate reference system for a Petrel project. By
default, this dialog box lists the coordinate reference systems in the
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Petrel catalog.
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Procedure — Setting the coordinate reference system
1. Click to display the Coordinate reference system
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selection.
2. Click the map position or use filters to search for Projection
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systems.
3. Choose the correct CRS from the list and click OK.
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System settings
The System settings dialog box is available from the File tab >
System > System settings. All settings here are applied to the system
(your Petrel installation) and are active for all projects. (Figure 15)
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Figure 15 System settings dialog box

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1 File tab > System > System settings > Effects tab
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2 Multliline tabs: Set Petrel to visualize tabs in the dialog

windows as Multiline tabs instead of all tabs at one line.
3 Rename node directly (mouse): Allows you to rename objects,
folders, and items in the Explorer panes by clicking the
name of the item of interest.

There are many types of settings:
• Tree node behavior
• Option to reset the layout (back to default Petrel settings)
• Specific company profiles, such as, style of well tops
• VR settings
• Troubleshooting.
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There are two important system settings (Figure 16):
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• Disable spin animation: Turns off the spin animation in
the display window.
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• Memory monitor: A gauge tooltip provides detailed
information on the memory usage.
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Figure 16 Disable spin animation and memory monitor settings

Lesson 5 — Studio Tools
Studio tools are found in several places in Petrel. On the Home tab,
you find them in four groups (Figure 17).
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Figure 17 Studio tools in the Home tab
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1 Search group
2 Manage Data group
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3 Transfer group
4 Notify group
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The Search group contains two tools:
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Search project: Search data items within any tree in Petrel

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Search with Studio: Search within indexed data

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The Manage data group contains several sets of tools. The first one
from the left is the Studio split menu (Figure 18). These tools allow you
to manage the connections to the Studio database from Petrel, such
as login, logout, or changing your current connection to a Studio
database.
There also are tools you can use to set options when you retrieve data
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from a Studio repository, such as Filters and Well Tops Interpreters
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Preference.
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More detail about how to use these tools is presented later in the
training.
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Figure 18 Studio split menu in the Manage data group

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Another tool in the Manage data group is Import file, which imports
data into Petrel. With this tool you can import data of a special type,
known as Studio Find Selection File (Figure 19).
Studio generates this file type when you use Find to search for data
items and you select the Shopping cart option. This option saves the
content into a file, then others can load the data items into Petrel by
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selecting the file (Figure 19).
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Figure 19 Import files of type Studio Find Selection file

The Manage data group has another set of tools that is available when
you click Managers (Figure 20). These tools are used to view different
types of data items. Depending on your privileges, you can edit data
using these tools.
There are several tools related to Studio:
• Project data table: Shows the data items in your currently
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opened Petrel project in a table format.
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• Repository data table: Shows data items in the Studio
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repository where you are connected.
• Reference: Shows reference data in the Studio repository
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where you are connected.
• Annotate Manager: Shows all the annotations in your
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currently opened Petrel project.
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Figure 20 Managers tools in the Manage data group

The Transfer group has three tools that are used to manage data
transfers in Petrel (Figure 21):
• Database tool: Transfer data items between the currently
opened Petrel project and the Studio repository to which
you are connected.
• Reference Project tool: Transfer data items between the
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current Petrel project and another Petrel project to which
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you have access.
• Synchronize: Synchronize the current Petrel project data
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and the Studio repository to which you are connected.
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Figure 21 Tools in the Transfer group
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The Notify group has two tools:
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• Subscribe: Subscribe to a folder in the Petrel input tree,
so you get notifications when data items in that folder are
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updated in the repository to which you are connected.

• Autorefresh on/off: Toggles ON or OFF the alert pop-up
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messages and automatic refreshing in the Notifications

pane. This option is related to the subscriptions you set.
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The Annotate tools are on the Windows toolbar (Figure 22).

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Annotate allows you to attach spatially positioned knowledge to

Petrel content in the form of notes, attachments, links to URLs, and
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voice recordings. With this set of tools, you can view and manage
all the annotations in your Petrel project.
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Figure 22 Annotate tools in the Transfer group

Annotate is supported in many windows in Petrel: 2D, 3D, Well
Section, Interpretation, and Map windows.
There are also panes related to Studio accessed on the Home tab>
View group > Panes menu (Figure 23).
• Favorites: To create and arrange shortcuts to Petrel items
and objects.
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• Search Filter: The filters you can use to narrow down your
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search for indexed data.
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• Search Results: Shows the subset of indexed data based
on the search done and filters applied.
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• Database Status: Shows data transfer messages.
• Notifications: Shows list of items related to subscriptions.
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Figure 23 Panes related to Studio

Exercises — Petrel Basics
The exercises that follow introduce you to the basic functionality of
the Petrel E&P Software Platform 2014 and its project settings,
interface, and Help manual.
Feel free to experiment with the demo data project.
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Exercise workflow
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1. Start Petrel.
2. Configure project settings.
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3. Set units and coordinates.
4. Configure the Petrel interface.
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5. Configure the Favorites pane.
6. Navigate the Help manual.
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Exercise data
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Work in the Student folder that has been assigned to you. Save in
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this folder all projects and other data you create. It is located in the
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Petrel_2014_Fundamentals_dataset folder.
The data used in this exercise exists in a premade Petrel project
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stored in the Projects folder. Double-click a .pet file to open an

existing project.
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Exercise 1 — Start Petrel
For standalone Petrel licenses, a hardware key (dongle) controls
the license. The dongle is plugged into a USB port and controls the
expiry date and modules available in Petrel. Alternatively, licenses
are stored on a server.
How you start Petrel differs from company to company. During this
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course, you can run Petrel using a bitlock or dongle containing all
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of the licenses to the modules discussed in the training.
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1. Start Petrel by double-clicking the Petrel icon on the
desktop.
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2. If a bitlock is used, an introduction window to Petrel opens
before the Petrel window opens.
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Select a license. The Petrel main interface opens with a

new empty project.
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Exercise 2 — Configure project settings

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When starting with a new empty project, configure important

settings before importing data. Some companies use Template
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projects (Data Management best practices) with parameters

preconfigured by their own Data Management department.
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This exercise shows you how to configure project settings if

necessary.
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1. Select File tab > New project. A new, empty project

opens with a default setup of the Explorer panes.
2. Select File tab > Save project as, and save the new
project in your Student folder with the name Project_
setup.pet or similar.

Exercise 3 — Set units and coordinates for a new
project
Before importing data, set the projection for the project. If not, you
are prompted to select a coordinate system or set it to Undefined
for the data you want to import.
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1. Open the Project settings by selecting File tab > Project
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setup > Project settings.
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2. In the dialog box, click the Coordinates and units tab.
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3. Click the Select button. A new dialog box opens.
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4. In the search field, enter UTM31. The projection catalog is

automatically filtered and visualizes only projection systems
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for UTM zone 31.

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5. Click the CRS named MENTOR:ED50-UTM31:European

1950 Based UTM, Zone 31 North, Meter in the list and click
OK.
The zone is shown with a rectangle in a preview in the
Map area. The area next to the Select button in the
Project settings dialog box now is updated to the
selected projection system.

6. Select the Unit System as Metric.
7. Notice that the Display option of lat/long is enabled.
To save the changes done to the coordinates and units,
click OK in the Project settings dialog box.
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Exercise 4 — Open an existing project
1. Open a Gullfaks project from the course folder.
a. Select File tab > Open project.
b. Select the Fundamentals 2014_M2.pet file from the
Projects directory.
c. Click Yes in the Save dialog box that opens. Your
previous user project closes when you open an existing
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project.
2. Save the project to your student directory.
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a. Select File tab > Save project as.
b. To save the project, select the Student directory as the
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directory. (If you do not have a Student folder, make
one).
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c. Enter a new name, for example, Ex_1 and click Save.
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Domain tabs rn
Like most PC software, the Petrel domain tabs have the standard
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File and Home tabs, as well as standard tools that open a new
project, save a project, etc. These open and save functions are
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located in the File tab; the Home tab contains display tools.
The Quick access toolbar is located in the upper right of the
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Petrel main window. It contains shortcuts to your frequently used

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tools as well as default shortcuts to functions such as Save, Undo,

and Redo.
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To become familiar with tools and icons in Petrel, click each of the
tabs in the ribbon to see what is available. Experiment with the
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options you find most interesting.

Hover over the icons in the tab. The text that appears describes the
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function of each icon.

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The Petrel interface
All data that is not defined as part of a 3D grid is stored in the Input
pane. Examples are wells and well tops, interpreted lines, polygons,
functions, well sections, and 2D grids.
All data defined as part of a 3D grid are stored together with the 3D
grid in the Models pane. Examples are generated faults, gridded
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horizons, 3D properties, and zones.
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The ribbon contains all the utilities, divided in core tabs associated
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with domain workflows. Each tab is subdivided in Groups that
follow the suggested workflow.
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Create a 3D grid before you can insert horizons into it; you also must
create zones before you can insert layers into them. If a utility is
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grayed out, it is not available. For this exercise, it is an indication
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that you must complete the previously listed step.
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A grayed out utility with a lock next to it indicates a limited Petrel

license package.
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When opening Petrel, the Explorer panes have a default position

but the panes have free placement and grouping. You can move the
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panes to locations of your choice.

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Exercise 5 — Experiment with tabs and panes

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1. Right-click the heading of the Input pane and click the

option Floating.
2. The Input pane is now released from the locked position
with the other panes.
a. To move the Input pane individually within the Petrel
window, hold down the left mouse button on the pane
heading and drag the pane.

b. To return a pane to its default position, right-click the
pane heading and click Floating to deactivate the
function or double-click the heading of the pane. The
Input pane returns to its default location.
3. Right-click the Models pane heading and select Hide.
4. To redisplay the pane, select Home tab > View group >
Panes icon > Models. The pane is now visible in its
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previous position.
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5. Right-click the Input pane heading and select Floating.
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6. Drag the Input pane within the area of the other panes.
While moving the pane, a pane navigator becomes visible
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when you drag the pane across higher or lower located
panes.
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7. Try to move the pane around (click, hold, and drag) within
the upper pane navigator. The pane navigator boxes
indicate a possible pane location that turns blue when you
drag the pane over them. The color indicates where the
pane is located if you choose to drop the pane.
8. It also is possible to drag a pane from its location without
using the right-click menu. Click the Input pane heading
and drag it in the display window. Notice that all the panes
with the same position as the Input pane are moved
together with the Input pane.
9. Move a couple of panes to a new location (drag or right-
click and select Floating).
10. On the Home tab > View group, click Reset layout. This
action returns the panes to their default locations.
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11. On the Home tab, change Perspective and view the tabs
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available for each.
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12. Navigate to File tab > System > System settings >
Effects tab and select the Rename node directly
(mouse) check box.
13. Click Apply. Optionally, you can rename folders, objects,
and items in all panes by mouse clicking (twice slowly, i.e.
with a little pause, not a double-click) the item of interest.
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14. By default, the Multiline tabs check box is selected in
the Systems settings dialog box.
15. You can view all tabs related to an object or a process on a
horizontal line, with arrows to switch between the tabs.
Deselect the Multiline tabs check box. To see this
functionality updated, click Apply and close the System
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settings dialog box before reopening the desired object/
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process dialog box.
16. Select the Multiline tabs check box again, if you wish,
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and click OK.
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Exercise 6 — Create your own Favorites pane
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1. In the default layout, the Favorites pane is docked to the
left above the Input pane with the Auto hide setting
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enabled .
2. To display the pane next to Input pane, right-click the
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heading and click the Auto Hide option.

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3. To add to your Favorites pane, select items from the other
panes and drag the items or click the object in the pane to
make it active and use the shortcut Ctrl+G.
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Review questions
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• What is the difference between the Input pane and the
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Models pane?
• Where do you set the project projection?
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Summary
In this module, you learned about:
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• basic functionality in Petrel, such as project settings, the

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general user interface, and system settings.

• basic interface functions
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• the Favorites pane.

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Module 3 — Understand,
retrieve, and prepare your
data
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This module focuses on the structure of your data and how to import
data in general formats. You copy data from repository projects and
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locally manage data in your project.
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You also learn about project structure in local projects, repository
projects, and the database. You start a new project and import the
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necessary input data for building a 3D model.
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Learning objectives
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• choose the correct data format for loading

• recognize the difference between predefined and general data
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folders
• organize input data into folders and subfolders
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• copy data to and from a reference project

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• build the Petrel project structure and use repository projects

• index large projects
• use Find to populate the project
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• subscribe to alerts
• use quality attributes.
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Petrel Fundamentals Understand, retrieve, and prepare your data • 69

Lesson 1 — Import data in your local project
In this lesson, you focus on your local project. You learn about the data
types in Petrel and the local project data structure.
Spatial awareness
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Before you start, set a project coordinate reference system (CRS) to a
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valid CRS (it cannot be set to Undefined). This setting enables the
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coordinate selection section of import dialog boxes and the database
tool.
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Set a CRS before you can perform a coordinate conversion of supported
data items on import. Identify the CRS of a file to be imported and for
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the data before importing it into your local Petrel project.
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Data types rn
There are six major data types in Petrel: lines, points, 2D grids, wells,
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seismic, and 3D grids (Figure 1).
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Figure 1 Data types in Petrel
70 • Understand, retrieve, and prepare your data Petrel Fundamentals

Lines 2D and 3D lines from seismic data, fault
interpretations from seismic (fault polygons and fault
sticks), and polygons from other mapping systems
(with or without Z-values)
Lines can be imported as points or converted to
points after import.
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Points X-Y locations, with or without Z-values, and defined
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valid points. Examples include isochore thicknesses,
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well cuts or well tops, and velocity points in the
position of the wells.
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If appropriate, points can be imported as lines or
converted to lines after import.
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2D Grids Any array of points organized as a grid can be
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imported. Examples include horizons based on
seismic interpretation or well tops, trend maps,
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porosity, and isochore.
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Wells Data for wells are of several types. They include the
Well header (information about the top position, well
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path length, and well name), deviation survey (well

path), well logs, and well tops.
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Well tops are attached to the well path upon import.

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Seismic Both 2D and 3D seismic can be imported as SEGY

format. 3D seismic also can be imported as ZGY
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format. Importing seismic data does not copy the

data into the Petrel project; rather, it creates a link
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to the seismic data location.

There is no limit to the size of the seismic file; the
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hard disk on the individual PC is the limiting factor.

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3D grids Defined by cells with attributes assigned to each cell.

The types of formats that can be imported come from
a simulator (such as, ECLIPSE*, VIP, or CMG).

Examples of Data Formats
From the File tab > Help, select List of available formats to view a list
of Petrel supported data formats (Table 1).
Table 1: List of Petrel supported data formats
Data Type Format Type Template
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Fault polygons Zmap+lines(ASCII) Polygons Elevation time
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Isochores Zmap+grid(ASCII) Surface Thickness Depth
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3D seismic SEGY seismic data (*,*) 3D seismic Elevation time
3D seismic Seisworks 3D Seismic horizon Elevation Time
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interpretation interpretation (ASCII)
Wells – Well header Well heads Points Well symbol
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Wells – Deviation Well path/deviation Well trace Elevation depth
(ASCII)
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Wells – Logs Well logs (ASCII) rn Well trace Various; depends on
the loaded log
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Well tops Petrel Well tops (ASCII) Points Elevation depth by
default but can be
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displayed by
different attributes
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Import data
There are two ways to import data into Petrel: Import file (on the
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Home tab in the Manage data group) and Import (on selection), in
the right-click menu of folders in the Petrel Explorer panes.
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When you select Import (on selection), data is inserted directly into
the active folder; only formats that can be held in the active folder are
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available.
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If you use Import file, data is imported and placed at the bottom of the
Input pane, not inside a folder.

Procedure — Import data with a predefined format
1. Find the data to import, then choose the appropriate format,
and click Open.
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2. Specify the template (such as Elevation Time or Thickness

depth).
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3. Click OK for all if all the files have the same format or click OK
if they have different formats.
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File selection for import

A dialog box opens after you select Import file. In this dialog box,
choose the data to be imported and the correct format. Depending on
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the format you select, a corresponding illustration of the format

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displays at the bottom of the dialog as an example.

The available formats are limited to the formats appropriate for the
data stored in the folder type (for example, you cannot import a SEG-Y
file into the Wells folder).

Supported data types
Two types of data items are supported for coordinate conversion:
point-based data and bin-grid data:
Point-based data:
• Points (points with attributes)
• Polygons
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• 2D seismic lines
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• Faults
• Well data (Well Head, Deviation surveys [Grid / True north],
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Markers, and Well point data)
• Surface images (for example, RPT).
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Bin-grids:
• 3D seismic cube (SEGY and ZGY)
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• 3D seismic interpretation rn
• Regular surfaces.
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Petrel uses the Esri (see Spatial Glossary in Petrel Help) cartographic
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engine to perform the conversions and transformations.

External application: The Coordinate System Manager (CSM) enables
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you to create early bound CRSs and is the only CRS manager supported
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by Petrel (for more detail, consult the CSM Online Help).

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Input data dialog box

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In the Input data dialog box, you specify the template (such as, Type of
data being imported). The template must match the type of data you are
loading. The template of an object defines its unit and color table.
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Templates can be created or edited in the Templates pane.

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In this example, the file to be imported is Tarbert-1. It contains isochore

data, as indicated by the X, Y, and Z ranges shown in the Data range
section. As a result, you choose the Thickness depth template.
Always verify that the Z-values are negative for structural data if the
values are below mean sea level, including Time data.

Procedure — Import data: General workflow
Although this procedure can be used as a general workflow, there are
exceptions when you import simulation data, grids, properties, and well
data (including well tops).
If you organize the imported data by creating folders and subfolders, it
is easier to categorize different data types as your project progresses.
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1. In Input pane, insert a new folder. Select Home tab > Insert
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group > Folder > New folder.
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2. In the new folder displayed at the bottom of the Input pane
double-click to open the Settings dialog box. Rename the
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folder to, for example, Fault Polygons or
Isochores.
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3. Import data into the renamed folder by right-clicking the folder
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and selecting Import (on selection).

4. In the Import file dialog box, navigate to the files you want to
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import and set the Files of type option.

5. To import multiple data types and create multiple folders,
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repeat the process.

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Procedure — Import lines/points with the general ASCII

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reader
Within Petrel, there is a general ASCII reader that allows you to import
data sorted in columns (such as ASCII format). The columns can be
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either space- or tab-delimited.

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Choose the Files of type to be General lines/points (ASCII)(*.*).

1. Right-click the folder in which you want to store the imported
object and select Import (on selection).
2. Find the data, choose General lines/points (ASCII)
format and click Open. You also can use a general format, such
as the format capture shown at the bottom of the dialog box.

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3. You can import data as points or lines. To change the

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appearance later, convert the points to lines or lines to points

within Petrel by right-clicking on the object and selecting
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Convert to Points or Convert to Lines.

Examples of line data include 2D and 3D lines from seismic or
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faults interpreted from seismic (as fault sticks or fault

polygons).
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Examples of point data include isochore points, points

representing a surface, and points representing a fault plane
(such as Well cuts).
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4. In the Import lines/points dialog box, specify the Number of

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header lines, a flag value, and an undefined value.

5. Also, specify which columns in the file represent the X, Y, and
Z coordinates, respectively. Lines and points are both described
by X, Y, and Z-values, with the only difference that there is a
line between the points for the line data.

6. Specify the Number of header lines (as seen from the Header
info file capture).
7. Make sure the X,Y, and Z columns match the file. They can be
space- or tab-delimited.
8. Load data as Points or Lines.
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9. You can perform a coordinate conversion of supported data

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items on import. Set a project coordinate reference system

(CRS) to a valid CRS (not Undefined) to enable the coordinate
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selection section of the import dialog boxes.

You also must know the CRS of the file chosen to import.
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10. QC the data.

11. Choose the selection of template, line definition, and
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coordinate reference system (CRS) before clicking OK for all or

OK.
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12. Verify that the correct CRS is selected and click OK for all
or OK.
Petrel applies a
transformation on import if
the CRS of the object is
different from the project
CRS. The file CRS contains a
list of the most used CRSs
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in the project.
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Data organization
It is important to keep the imported files organized in folders and
subfolders.
To organize data manually, drag the desired wells into a folder in the
Wells folder (Figure 2).
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Figure 2 Dragging and dropping wells into Wells folders

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To organize data by polygons, right-click on a Boundary polygon and
select Move wells inside the polygon (Figure 3).
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Figure 3 Right-click options that move wells by polygons
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User-defined folders vs. folders defined by Petrel

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Most data is stored in user-defined folders (yellow folders). Some

data types, however, must be imported into folders created by
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Petrel. This data includes wells (well heads, deviation data, and
well logs), well tops, interpretation data, and seismic data.
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The Wells and Well Tops folders have a different type of icon next
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to them, indicating that the folders have an organization other than

user-defined folders.
Initially, all wells are organized under the Wells folder but logs are
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organized in two ways.

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• Under Global well logs, there is a single entry for each log
type. Here, you can modify parameters for the log type (for
example, Gamma).
• Under each individual well, you see all the logs for the well
listed. Not all logs are found for each well.
You can create subfolders to organize individual wells but you
cannot create subfolders under the Global well log folder.
Procedure — Insert new folders
1. In the Input pane, select Home tab > Insert group >
Folder > New folder.
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When a new folder is generated, you can give it a name by
entering the name in the Settings dialog box for the
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current folder. (Right-click on any folder to enter the
Settings dialog box and change the name on the Info tab).
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2. Create subfolders: Right-click on a folder and select New
folder.
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Subfolders can be created at any level of any folder, except
for well tops, where you cannot create subfolders.
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Procedure — Export data
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If there is no Export option when you right-click on an object, the
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object cannot be exported from its position.

For example, to export all of your surfaces as a group, the only
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option for exporting is as an Irap Classic Layer (binary) file. However,

if you try to export only a single surface, you have more options.
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1. Right-click on the object/folder and select Export object.

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2. Save as type contains a list of available formats for export,
but only for the type of object selected.
3. Enter the name of the file and click Save.
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4. To see which export formats are available for a specific

object, right-click and select Export.
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Available export formats

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These are the formats available for export:

• RMS: Well trajectories and logs
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• Irap Classic: Lines, 2D grids (ASCII, binary), points, layer

models
• ZMAP Plus: Lines, 2D grids (individually)
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• CPS-3: Lines, 2D grids (individually)

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• Earth Vision: 2D grids (individually)

• ECLIPSE: 3D grid (ASCII, binary), properties, well
completion data, well connection data, and fault data
• VIP: 3D grid, properties, well connection data
• CMG: 3D grid, properties
• Petrel: Well tops, well data, fault model, summary data,
and project data files (binary)
• Rescue: ASCII
• Other ASCII data: LAS 2.0 well, deviation surveys, well
design XYZ, function XY, Gslib properties, and PetroWorks
SM1 well format.
Exercises — Load data to your local working

project
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The data import step in Petrel allows you to import data in a wide
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range of different formats, including Irap Classic, Irap RMS, CPS-3,
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Earthvision, Stratamodel, VIP, LAS, ECLIPSE, Zmap+, and
Charisma. It also is possible to import SEG-Y and ZGY data.
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When you import data into a new project, it important to check the
quality of the input data. Petrel has excellent visualization tools
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and each imported object has an attached statistical report sheet.
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Exercise workflow
1. Import data into folders.
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2. Import data from a reference project.
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3. Customize the display area.
4. QC the imported data.
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5. Export data.
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Import data
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Various types of data can be imported into Petrel; examples include

lines/point data, 2D grids (isochores, depth/time grids, 2D trends,
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etc.), seismic interpretations, seismic (SEG-Y and ZGY), wells and

well tops.
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Before importing data, familiarize yourself with the formats of your

data and the formats supported by Petrel. A list of formats is
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available from the Help menu in Petrel. In addition, when you

import data, you see a file format example you can use for
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comparison with your own data.

Data Type Format Type Template
Wells – Well header Well heads Points Well symbol
Wells – Deviation Well path/deviation (ASCII) Well trace Elevation depth
Wells – Logs Well logs (ASCII) Well trace Various; depends on the loaded log
Well tops Petrel Well tops (ASCII) Points Elevation depth by default but can be
displayed by different attributes
Before beginning the exercises that follow, open the project named
Fundamentals 2014_M3.pet from the course folder, then save the
project with a new name in the Student folder. A list of all available
formats can be obtained
from Petrel Help.
Exercise 1 — Import well headers

1. Create a Wells folder:
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a. Navigate to Home tab > Insert group.
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b. Select Folder > select New well folder.
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2. In the Input pane, right-click the Wells folder and select
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Import (on selection). Alternatively, highlight the Wells
folder and click on Import file from the Manage data group in
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the Home tab.
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3. Browse for the Input_data folder in the Petrel_2014_
Fundamentals_dataset folder.
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4. In the Wells folder, select the Well Header file and the correct
format [Well heads (*.*)]. Click Open.
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5. In the Import well head: Well Header dialog box, attach
each Attribute to the correct column as seen in the figure.
Make sure they are correctly defined and in the same order
as the Header information in the lower part of the dialog
box. To add columns click , and to delete columns click
.
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6. Click OK.
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7. The CRS is set to the projection from the exercise in the
previous module. Leave the CRS as it is and click OK.
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8. Display the wells in the 3D display window:
a. Navigate to Home tab > Insert group > Wndow.
b. Select 3D window and select the white check box in front
of the Wells folder name in the Input pane.
c. Activate the Select option on the windows toolbar and
right-click one of the wells to open the Context menu
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and mini toolbar.
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d. On the mini toolbar, click Parent settings .
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e. Navigate to Settings for Wells dialog > Style tab >

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Path subtab and increase the Pipe width to 30. Click

OK.
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Exercise 2 — Import well deviations

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1. Right-click on the Wells folder and select Import (on

Selection).
2. Select all the deviation files to import (.dev), located in the
same folder as the previously imported well headers.
3. Select one of two formats: Well path/deviation (ASCII)(*.*) or
Multiple well path/deviation (ASCII) (*.*).
Use the first format when each well has a separate deviation
survey (as in this exercise) and the second when all the
deviation surveys are in one file.
4. Click Open.
5. In the dialog box that opens, make sure the deviation surveys
match the well headers already imported into Petrel.
To select a well header, click in the Well trace column,
choose the correct one, and click OK for all.
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6. In the Import well path/deviation dialog box, go to the

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Input data tab.

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7. Select the Column input data type. Any of the options
available can be used because all options are available in
the file.
8. Depending on the chosen method, attach the attributes to
the corresponding columns in the file.
Review the file capture at the bottom of the dialog box to
match the columns.
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9. In the Import well path/deviation dialog box, go to the
Coordinates and units tab. Leave the CRS to the preset
projection system.
10. In the onshore/offshore section, select the offshore
option. This option ensures the correct elevation units are
set up.
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If the well has most of its vertical path onshore, onshore
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should be selected, even if the reservoir is below sea level.
On this tab, you can indicate if the deviation survey units
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are different than the units used to store the wells in
Petrel. This is not normally the case.
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11. Click OK for all.

12. Review the 3D window in which the wells are displayed.
Notice that they are now deviated.
13. You can view the deviation surveys by right-clicking a well in
the display and selecting Spreadsheet.
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Exercise 3 — Import well logs

1. Right-click the Wells folder and select Import (on Selection).
2. In the Wells folder, select all of the .las files. (This is similar to
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selecting the .dev files.)

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3. Select the correct file format (Well logs (ASCII)(*.*)) and click
Open.
4. In the dialog box that opens, make sure the well names for the
log curve files match the well headers already imported into
Petrel.
5. Click OK to continue.

6. In the Import well logs dialog box, go to the Input data tab
and select the Specify logs to be loaded option
7. Specify the correct property template for the Fluvial facies log
and the NetGross log, then click OK for all.
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8. In the Input pane, expand the Global well logs folder and
review the results of the log import.
Each template is now shown in front of the new global well
log names as a small icon. The logs are stored locally under
each well (as shown in the figure).
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9. Add one or two well logs to the 3D window.

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10. Click the yellow check box to the left of the log name in the
Global well logs folder in the Input pane. The well logs
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display for all wells containing this log.

11. Add a specific well log for just one well.
12. Deselect the check mark for the Global well logs folder.
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13. Expand one of the well folders in the Input pane, for example,
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A10.
14. Expand the Well logs sub-folder and click one of the
available logs.

Exercise 4 — Import well tops
1. Insert a new Well tops folder by selecting Home tab > Insert
group> Folder > New well tops folder.
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2. Right-click the inserted Well Tops 1 folder and select Import
(on Selection).
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3. Select the correct format (Petrel Well Tops (ASCII)(*.*)) and
the Well tops file from the Well Tops folder under Input
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data.
4. Click Open.
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5. Click OK for all in the Import Petrel well tops:Well tops
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dialog box that opens. The input data you
6. Review the settings and make sure the attribute columns use for this exercise is in
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the correct predefined
match the information from the file. In this example, it format, so editing the input
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matches. dialog box is not necessary.

7. Click OK on the message window that opens. (The message It is good practice to check
that the input data matches
tells you that Petrel uses Measured Depth (MD) to position
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the parameters in the input

the well tops.) dialog by viewing the file
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8. Click OK in the Coordinate reference system selection dump in the lower portion of
the window.
dialog box to accept the suggested project CRS.
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9. Select the white check box next to the Well Tops 1 folder to
add well tops to the 3D window.
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10. The display settings can be changed on the Style tab of the
settings dialog box for Well Tops 1.
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Exercises — Import other data
In the exercises that follow, you load additional types of data in your
Petrel project, such as Seismic cubes, Fault Polygons, Isochores, and
3D Seismic Interpretations.
You import the data into folders that were created in a previous step,
for example, load Fault Polygons into the Fault Polygons folder, etc.
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If a folder does not exist, create one from the Folder split button on
the Home tab. Remember that some folders are predefined and can
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accept only a specific type of data. This is the case with the Seismic
cubes and 3D seismic interpretations.
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Exercise 1 — Import a seismic 3D volume
Use the project containing the data you imported.
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1. Insert a new main seismic folder by selecting Home tab >

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Insert group > Folder > New seismic main folder. The
predefined Vintages and Seismic Interpretation subfolders
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are automatically created.

There can be only one Seismic main folder per project, and it
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contains all seismic surveys, vintages, and seismic

interpretation.
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2. Right-click the Seismic folder and choose New seismic

survey. This selection creates the subfolder Survey 1.
3. Right-click the new Survey 1 folder and select Import (on
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selection).
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4. In the dialog box that opens, locate the seismic data
(ST8511r92.segy file) in the Seismic data (time) folder.
Select the file and use SEG-Y seismic data (*,*) as the
format. Click Open.
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5. The Input data dialog box opens, where you set the name,
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template, domain, and vintage or version of the seismic

data you are about to load.
The X, Y, and Z. ranges should be the same as in the figure
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of Step 6.
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6. Accept the default vintage and click OK.
You can create a new name for the vintage of your seismic
data by clicking New. Because this is the first version of
your volume, it is loaded as a default vintage. Click OK.
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A new icon displays in the Input pane in the Survey 1

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folder.
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7. Select the ST8511r92 and press F2 to change the name to
Gullfaks.segy.
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8. Open a new 3D window from the Quick access toolbar
and select the Gullfaks.segy check box to display the
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outline of the seismic in the 3D window.
9. If it is not visible, click View all in the Window
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toolbar over the display window.
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10. Toggle ON an inline and a crossline and visualize them for
quality control.
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Lesson 2 — Data in Petrel and Studio
A reference project is any Petrel project containing data items
shared by a team. Generally, reference projects are saved with the
extension .petR to allow easy identification, but technically, it is
exactly like any Petrel project.
The Reference project tool is used to access a reference project
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and transfer data items to and from the working Petrel project.
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When you select the option to display the Reference project tool,
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you see the list of projects recently opened in Petrel. You must
have Read access to the project you wish to open and, when you
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select the project, the Reference project tool opens.
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Procedure — Open the Reference project tool
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1. Click Reference project tool in the Transfer group under
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the Home tab.
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2. Select a reference project to open from the list or click

Change to search for a different project.
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The Reference project tool (Figure 4) shows your currently opened
project (named Working project) on the left and the selected reference
project (named Background project) on the right.
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Figure 4 Reference project tool displayed

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1 Working project
2 Background project
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Reference project tool
The Reference project tool allows you to select data items from one
project (working project or background project) and send it to another
project.
Figure 5 shows the basic structure and buttons in the Reference
project tool.
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Figure 5 Reference Project Tool overview

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1 Data items in the working project

2 Synchronization status icons
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3 Copy mode option

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4 Conditionally selected data item

5 Selected data item (normal selection)
6 Data items in the background project
7 Transfer buttons

Among the elements shown in Figure 5, the data items can be set are
conditionally and normally selected. Data items that you select and
toggle on are referred to as normally selected.
For example, in Figure 6, the 3D model folder is an item you can select
to transfer. This 3D model has been normally selected and is transferred
when you click the transfer button. The 3D model is a subfolder of the
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item Models, so the Models folder is conditionally selected by the
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system and is transferred only if it has no counterpart.
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In other words, the item 3D model is transferred together with its
parent folder (Models) if it does not exist in the target project.
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Figure 6 Normal selection vs. Conditional selection
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The Synchronization status icons are used to show the difference

between an item in one of the projects (working project or background
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project) and its counterpart on the other project. The difference shown
is based on the data item GUID and timestamp. You learn about the
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GUID in the next section.

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There are five Synchronization status icons:

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Equal to counterpart
Newer than counterpart

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No counterpart
Older than counterpart
In conflict with counterpart

In some cases, you see an exclamation mark on the side of the icons
(Figure 7). This symbol means that the data item has the status
represented by the icon but one of its child items has a different status.
Figure 7 Synchronization status items indicating a child has a different status
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When you see items showing status with an exclamation mark, expand
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the parent node on both sides to see the differences. In the example in
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Figure 8, the Seismic folder in both sides is the same but the seismic
vintages in the working project (left) are newer than the ones in the
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reference project (right).
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Figure 8 Synchronization Status Icons in the Reference project tool

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GUID concept
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GUID stands for Globally Unique Identifier, and it is a set of digits

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assigned to every object in Petrel when it is created. The GUID is used

to uniquely identify all data items in Petrel.
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GUIDs can be seen in Petrel if you go to the data item settings and
scroll to the end of the Petrel filename on the Info tab (Figure 9). You
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cannot edit GUIDs because Petrel manages them internally. GUIDs are
preserved when data items are transferred across Petrel projects or
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Studio repositories.

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Figure 9 GUID for a well in Petrel

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New GUIDs are assigned to Petrel data items in these cases:

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A data item is imported or created in Petrel (Figure 10).

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Figure 10 Import into Petrel

A data item is copied and pasted in Petrel (Figure 11).
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Figure 11 Copy/paste a data item in Petrel
A data item is transferred using the Copy mode option, which is
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available in the Reference Project tool (Figure 12), but it also is
available in other tools (such as the Database tool).
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Figure 12 Transfer in Copy mode

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It is critical to be aware of special cases, such as these. In each case, a

new GUID is assigned.
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• If the same input data is used to import a data item in two

Petrel projects - although the items are identical - both items
are considered different.
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• If you copy and paste (duplicate) a data item in Petrel -

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although they are identical - both items are considered

different, even if the copied item is renamed to have the same
name as the original item.
• If you transfer a data item (across Petrel projects or Studio
repositories) using Copy mode, the item is identical but it is
considered a different item.

Project data table
The Project data table is a tool you can use to view the data items in
the currently open project.
Procedure — Display project data in the Project data table
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1. Open a project in Petrel.
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2. Select Project data table in the Managers menu of the
Manage data group on the Home tab.
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From the Project data table (Figure 13), you can perform several
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tasks:
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• View all data items in the Petrel project.

• Update and delete quality attribute values for every item.
• Export the list of data items to an Excel file.

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Figure 13 Project data table
1 Select columns to display
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2 Export to Excel
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3 Clear all Quality Attributes
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Studio repositories rn
A Studio repository is a shared project in a Studio database. A
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repository stores Petrel input data and has a single CRS assigned. In
Figure 14, multiple repositories exist in a Studio database. From
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Petrel, you can access multiple repositories but you can connect to
only one repository at a time.
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Figure 14 Multiple Studio repositories in a database

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1 Studio Repositories
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2 Studio Database
3 Petrel User with access to Studio repositories

Users and roles
As a user, you must have an account to access the Studio database
from Petrel. Roles determine user rights over Studio repositories.
Roles are sets of privileges that determine the level of access to a
repository. Studio provides four predefined repository roles:
• Petrel Super User
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• Petrel User
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• Petrel Browser
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• Repository Admin
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Table 2 shows the rights of each predefined repository role. Users
assigned to the Repository Admin Role also have administration
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privileges in the database.
Table 2: Repository Roles
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Rights to Studio features
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Petrel Super User or Petrel Petrel
in Petrel Repository Admin User Browser
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View and retrieve data from a
repository into a Petrel project
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Receive alerts and notifications

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Create personal filters

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Send data from a Petrel project

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to a repository
Create public filters
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Delete data in a repository

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Move data items in the

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repository to another folder

Rename/delete well reference
data in the repository

Database tool
The Database tool allows you to transfer data items between your
currently open Petrel project and a Studio repository to which you
have access. To display the Database tool and access a repository, you
must have:
• a database connection defined
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• a user account in the database
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• at least the Petrel Browser role assigned to the repository
• a Petrel project open and saved.
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You can establish a connection to a repository before opening the
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Database tool. If you do not establish a connection, you are asked for
credentials when you display the Database tool.
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Procedure — Display the Database tool
1. Open a Petrel project (or save your project if it is new).
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2. Click Database tool in the Transfer group on the Home tab.
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3. (Optional) If you are not connected, enter the database

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connection, your user name, and password. The Database

tool shows your currently open project (left) and the Studio
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repository to which you are connected (right).

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Figure 15 shows the basic structure and controls in the Database tool.
The controls and sections are similar to the Reference project tool.
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Figure 15 Database tool overview

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1 Items in the currently open Petrel project

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2 Synchronization status icons

3 Select well data
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4 Copy mode option

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5 Well tops interpreter preference

6 Conditionally selected item
7 Selected item (normally)
8 Items in the Studio repository
9 Transfer buttons
Elements in the Database tool have the same behavior as in the
Reference project tool (Synchronization status icons, transfer
buttons, conditional vs. normal selection, etc.).
Repository data table

The Repository data table is the tool you use to view the data items
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in the Studio repository to which you are connected. To display the
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Repository data table, you must have
• a database connection defined
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• a user account in the database
• at least Petrel Browser role assigned to the repository.
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You can establish a connection to a repository before opening the
Repository data table. If you are not connected, you are asked for
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credentials when you go to display it. The Repository data table
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displays by clicking it on the are Managers menu in the Manage data
group (Figure 16). rn
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Figure 16 Repository data table

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The Repository data table has several features that allow you to
manage the data stored in the repository. Depending on the repository
role you are assigned, you cannot use all the functionalities.
For example, the Petrel Browser role does not allow you to delete data
or move data items to different folders.

Figure 20 shows a few of the features you can use regardless of your
role.
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Figure 17 Repository data table
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Compare a selected item to its counterpart in Petrel
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2 Tabs to see different data types and sub types
3 Export to Excel
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4 Number of lines displayed

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5 Column Selector
6 Retrieve selected item(s) to the Petrel project
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Lesson 3 — Studio database interactions
A database connection is the setting required to establish
communication between Petrel and a Studio database. You can define
multiple database connections in Petrel but, to create the connections,
All this information is
you need specific information:
provided by the Data • What is the database type or provider (Oracle or SQL Server)?
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Manager or Administrator.
• What is the name of the host (server) where the database is
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running?
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• What is the port number listening for the database?
• What is the name of the database service?
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The Manage Database Connections window (Figure 18) is the
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interface in which you view, create, delete, and test database
connections.
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Figure 18 Manage Database Connection interface

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1 Create new connections

2 Delete connections
3 View existing connections
4 Test connections

To access the Manage Database Connection dialog box, open the
Login dialog box, which allows you to establish a connection to the
database.
The Login dialog box also can be displayed using the Change
database connection/repository option in the Studio menu.
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Procedure — Create and test a database connection
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This procedure describes how to create a new connection, beginning
with the Login dialog box.
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1. On the Home tab in the Manage data group, click the Studio
menu.
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2. Select Change database connection/repository.
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3. In the Login dialog box, click the button next to Database

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Connection.
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4. In the Manage Database Connection dialog box, click New
Connection.
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5. In the Create new connection dialog box, enter the
connection parameters and click OK.
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Note: The Type, Host Name, Port, and Service name are
provided by the Data Manager or Administrator. The Name you
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provide displays under the Database Connection when you
connect to a database from the Login dialog.
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6. To test your created connection, select it.

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7. Click Test connection at the top.
8. Verify that the connection test is successful. A green check
mark appears in the Connection Test column.
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Database connections also can be deleted from the Manage
Database Connections dialog box. When you delete a database
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connection, you remove only the information required to establish a
connection to the database.
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Procedure — Delete a database connection

1. Select the database connection you want to delete.
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2. Click Delete Connection.

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Connect to a Studio repository
When database connections are created in Petrel, you are ready to
connect to a Studio repository. You can have multiple database
connections, but you can connect to only one repository at a time.
There are several ways you can connect from Petrel to a repository
(Figure 19). Any of these operations can establish a connection to a Studio
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repository.
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• Use the Login option on the Studio menu.
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• Display the Database tool.
• Open the Repository data table.
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• Synchronize your Petrel project with the Studio repository to
which you are connected.
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• Send or retrieve data items from different places in Petrel, for
example the Input pane, 2D window, or a 3D window.
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• Load data items from the Search results.
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Figure 19 Different ways to connect to a Studio repository

You are prompted to provide credentials to connect to a repository via
the Login dialog box. There are two types of user authentication:
• Windows Authentication
• Database Authentication
The Data manager informs you the type of user you are assigned. For
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Windows authenticated users, Petrel remembers the connection of the
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last session you opened a connection and does not prompt you to
provide credentials when you connect to a repository.
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The first time you attempt to connect, you are prompted to select a
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database connection and provide credentials. The procedures that
follow show you the differences between connecting with a Windows
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authentication and a Database authentication.
When you select a database connection that uses Windows
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authentication, only the Windows authentication option is
available in the Login dialog box.
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Procedure — Connect to a Studio repository using
Windows authentication
1. Select the database connection.
The drop-down list

shown here contains the
names you created in the
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Manage Database
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Connection dialog box.
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2. Select the repository.
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The list of
repositories you see here
are the ones to which your
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user account has been
granted access.
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3. Click OK.
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Procedure — Connect to a Studio repository using a
database authenticated user
1. Select the Database Connection.
2. Select the Database authentication option.
3. Enter the assigned user name.
4. Enter the assigned password.
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5. Select the repository

6. Click OK.
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Regardless the database type or user authentication, when you connect

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to a repository, the Notifications pane opens.

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The Database Status pane shows you the name of the repository to
which you are connected (Figure 20). By default, you are notified of
updated items in the repository. The notification compares the items in
your Petrel project using the GUID.
(Notifications and subscriptions are discussed in a later section.)
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Figure 20 Notifications pane and Database status pane when connection is

established
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1 Notifications pane
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2 Database Status pane

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Folder behavior in Petrel and Studio
Any folder created in Petrel (Figure 21) is assigned a GUID.
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Figure 21 Folders in Petrel
The GUID is preserved when data items are transferred to Studio. If

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you send a folder from Petrel to Studio, the folder keeps its GUID.
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If you send data items to a repository, their parent folder also is

transferred. The GUID remembers the folder-item relationship.
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Figure 22 shows an example of sending wells within a folder (A Wells)

to Studio, the folder is transferred if the wells were not sent by
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association to another folder.

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Figure 22 Folder-item relationship is preserved in the transfer

The folder name in Studio is not updated in these cases:
• A data item is moved to another folder in Petrel
• The data item folder is renamed in Petrel.

Folders in Petrel and Studio matches the GUID, not by name. Because
the folder-item relationship is preserved, the data items that are
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transferred retain the initial relationship. The example in Figure 23
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illustrates the folder behavior in Studio.
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Figure 23 Example of folder behavior in Petrel and Studio

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1 Wells are imported in Petrel in the folder A Wells.

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2 All wells in A Wells are transferred to Studio.

All wells from A Wells in Petrel are moved to a new folder
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named Exploration Wells.
Wells are updated in Petrel and transferred to Studio.
4 Because the folder-item initial relationship is remembered,
wells go to folder A Wells in Studio.

Lesson 4 — Working with indexed data: Basic
concepts
Before describing the tasks related to working with indexed data, there
are some concepts you should know.
Find is an advanced data search across Petrel project and Data
environment via indexed data items. Data Sources, such as, a Petrel
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project, a Studio repository, a Techlog project, or an OpenWorks
project (via OpenSpirit) can be indexed and used in Find. See Figure
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24.
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Figure 24 Studio Find

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1 Search filters
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2 Search results
a. 2D window
b. Result pane
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A data source is any application in which information can be read and

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indexed to make it available to users in Petrel. Examples of data

sources include a Petrel project, a Studio repository, a Techlog
project, and an OpenWorks project (via OpenSpirit).
An index is a list of links to information in data sources
Figure 25 is a representation of data sources and indexes. Indexes can
have links to different data sources. You can have access to multiple
indexes and access to data in multiple data sources.
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Figure 25 Data Sources and Indexes
1 Index
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2 Data Source
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As a user, you have indirect access to indexes because Data managers
can create data environments for users. As you see later, you have
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direct access to data environments.
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A data environment is a logical grouping of indexes data sources.

Data managers create data environments using Studio Manager,
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which is used to manages Studio repositories.

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Data environments are imported into Search settings in Petrel, so that
Find uses the associated indexes (Figure 26).
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Figure 26 Data Environments imported into Search Settings to use Find
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1 Data environment
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2 Search Settings in Petrel

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Find uses the indexes associated to the data environment

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added in the Search settings.
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Search settings in Petrel
Search settings is the interface in Petrel where you define which
indexes are used for Find. The settings apply to Petrel, regardless the
project opened.
The Search settings in Petrel are found in File > Options, as shown
in Figure 27.
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Figure 27 Search Settings in Petrel
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The indexes you see in the Search settings can be local or associated
to data environments:
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• Generally, local indexes are used for projects you can index at
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your workstation.
• Indexes associated to Data environments are the indexes
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Petrel reads when you import Data environments created by

Data managers.
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In the Search settings dialog box, you can have multiple indexes of
both types, and you can enable (1) or disable (2) indexes This task
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defines which indexes Find uses (Figure 28).

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Figure 28 Enabled and disabled indexes in Search settings

Local project indexes
In Petrel, you can index and project you can open. When you index a
project in Petrel, the index information is written in to a default file
named Default.index. The Default.index file is created when Petrel
is installed, normally in this path:
C:\Users\<User Name>\AppData\Local\Schlumberger\Petrel\
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Studio\
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Procedure — Index a project locally
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1. Open a Petrel project.
2. Select File menu > Project tools.
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3. Select Update search index.
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This simple procedure scans your currently open Petrel project and
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writes index information in the Default.index file. You can see the
output of the process in the Message log pane (Figure 29), which
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shows the number of items scanned and the time taken to complete the
indexing process.
Figure 29 Message Log about Indexed Project

You can scan multiple Petrel projects locally and, unless you change
the Default index file or location, all the index information is written
into the same file. You can use the Search settings dialog box to see
which projects are included in every index (Figure 30).
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Figure 30 Viewing projects included in a local index
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1 Filter shows only local indexes
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2 View an index
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3 Indexed projects
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Work with data environments

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When you index your projects locally and use Find to search for your
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data, you are working isolated from your team. In a collaboration

environment, it is good practice to use data environments created by
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your Data manager, so the information you access is shared data.

Data managers create data environments to allow access to multiple
data sources via shared indexes. You can use these shared indexes by
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importing the data environments into your Search settings in Petrel.

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Data environments are logical groupings of data sources; physically,

they are files with the extension.StudioEnvironment. A Data manager
makes those files available for you to import.

Procedure — Import a data environment
1. Open Search settings.
2. Click Import a Data Environment.
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3. Select the .StudioEnvironment file
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4. Click Open.
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Procedure — Change the location of the data environment
configuration path
The .StudioEnvironment files are found in a path named the Data
Environment Configuration Path. To change the location of the
.StudioEnvironment files, change the Data environment configuration
path in Petrel.
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1. Navigate to Home tab > Manage Data group > Studio.
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2. Select Change data environment config.
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3. Browse for the path for the .StudioEnvironment files.
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4. Click OK.
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Search with Find
In Petrel, you can use Find to search among indexed items. Find uses
the Search enabled indexes defined in the Search settings (Figure 31).
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Figure 31 Find uses enabled indexes in Search settings
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When you click the Search Studio tool, these items open by default:
• Search filter pane
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• 2D window
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• Search results pane.
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The Search filter pane provides filters that can to refine the search
results. As you add filter criteria, the Search Results pane is
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automatically updated.
The filters you first see in the Search Filter pane (Figure 32) are only
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the default filters, but there are more filters available (1) that you can
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display by right-clicking any filter and selecting a filter from the list (2).
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Figure 32 Other filters available for the Search Filter pane

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The Search Results pane shows results according to the filter criteria
applied. You can change the format view of the results (Figure 33) to
other results displays.
• Tree: one node, with all items from different data sources
• Tree: folders by project (nodes per data source)
• Custom tree: New tree that shows results in a specific
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Figure 33 Different views of Search Results
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From the Search results pane, you also can select a data item and
view details about it. In the Details window, you can add a data item
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and show it next to the first item to compare them (Figure 34).
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Figure 34 Data item details and comparison from the Search Results pane

When you complete your search, you can define which data items you
require in your Petrel project. Figure 35 shows two ways to do this
task:
• Add to a shopping cart
• Load directly to your project
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Figure 35 Options to retrieve data items from Search results
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Load data items from search results: Add to the Shopping

cart
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This method allows someone else to load the data. You may not have
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direct access to the data source or someone else on your team (who
also has access to the data store) may need to work with the same data
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as you.
When you click Shopping cart (Figure 36), you have two options.
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Figure 36 Shopping cart options

• Save the selection to a file: You are asked to provide the path
of a file with the extension.StudioFindSelection, which is
where it is saved,
• Share the selection via email: This automatically opens a new
email with the .StudioFindSelection file attached. You can
send the email to whomever you wish.
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The person who receives the .StudioFindSelection file can load the
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data items into Petrel.
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Procedure — Load a StudioFindSelection file
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Load the data items into Petrel.
1. Navigate to Home tab > Manage Data group and import the
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data into Petrel.
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2. Select the Import File option.
3. In the file of type list, locate the .StudioFindSelection to
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load the file.
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The procedure to load this file is the same as when data is
directly loaded from the Search results.
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Load data items from search results: Load directly
If you choose to load data directly from the Search results pane, you
have the option of Silent Mode, the check box in the first dialog box.
Select this option (Figure 37) if you are certain no review is needed.
This option makes sure the data items selected are the ones you need.
If there are corresponding data items in your Petrel project, they are
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overwritten.
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Figure 37 Load in Silent Mode

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If you do select the Silent mode option, you see more details in the
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retrieve process. If the data items you select are located in a reference
Petrel project, the Reference project tool displays. If the data items
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you select are located in a Studio repository, the Database tool

display.
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With either transfer tool, you can review the selection of data items
and use the Synchronization status icons to analyze your data (in
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your Petrel project and in the data source) before retrieving the data.
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Procedure —Load data items directly from the search
results, not in Silent mode
1. Select the required data items in the Search results pane.
2. Right-click and select Load.
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3. Click Next.
4. Make sure to clear the Silent Mode check box.
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5. To refine your selection (if required), use the functionalities in
the transfer tool.
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6. Retrieve the data items to your project.
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7. Close the dialog boxes.
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Lesson 5 — Team collaboration
The Studio environment enables you to publish your Petrel work when
it is ready for your team to access and use. Using Find, you have access
to data from different data sources available to you.
The Studio environment also allows you to sign up for notifications of
changes that provide instant awareness of updates made across a
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project and who made them. The integration with Microsoft Lync,
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together with functionalities such as Annotate, allow you to be in
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constant communication with your team.
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Quality attributes
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Because you can share data with your team, it is important to add
context to your data by tagging the data with additional attributes
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known as Quality attributes. These attributes help your team by
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adding context to your data and are preserved in data transfers.
There are predefined Quality attributes in Petrel but, using Studio
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Manager, data managers can define any specific attributes and make
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them available to users in Petrel.

Data items in Petrel can be tagged with Quality attributes using the
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Objects settings, the Inspector, and the Project data table (Figure
38).
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1 2 3
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Figure 38 Locations for tagging data items with Quality attributes in Petrel
1 Object Settings
2 Inspector
3 Project data table
The table lists the types of Quality attributes managed by Petrel.
Quality Attribute Type Description

Business Project A business classification, like an asset team
name.
Data Status State of a data item in its project life cycle
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Confidence Factor User perception of the data item accuracy
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Critical Update Flag indicating an important update of the data
item
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Comments Free-text field
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Among the Quality attribute types, there are two for which predefined
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values are provided: Confidence factor and Data status.
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Quality Attribute Type Predefined Value
Confidence factor
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Medium
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High
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Data status Not Started

Temporary
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In Progress
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Almost Complete
Complete
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Locked
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The data manager can delete these predefined values and new ones
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can be created according to the corporate needs. Petrel users receive

Quality attribute values updates when they connect to the Studio
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database where the data manager created and defined the Quality
attribute values.
The data manager also can define advanced rules for Quality attributes,
The Locked and such as requiring users to tag data items before sending them to a
Complete values assigned repository.
to data items write-protect
the data item.

Exercises — Data in Petrel and Studio
In these exercises you will
• Import a data environment
• Find data to populate a Petrel project
• Load data from a Studio Find selection file.
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Exercise 1 — Import a data environment
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If the Studio database was not deployed for the class, skip
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this exercise.
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Scenario: You are working in a team. The Data manager created a
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data environment in which a Studio repository named Confirm with your
FUNDAMENTALS. The Studio environment file FundamentalsClass.
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Studio Environment. For
StudioEnvironment is located in the shared drive. In this exercise, you example: \\Studio\
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import the data environment Fundamentals\
Config_and_Indexes.
1. Navigate to Home Tab > Manage Data group > Studio.
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2. Select Change data environment config.

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3. Browse for the folder where the Studio Environment file is

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located, for example \\Studio\Fundamentals\Config_and_

Indexes.

4. Click OK.
5. Select File menu > Options > Search settings.
6. Click the icon to import a data environment.
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7. Select the file Fundamentals_Class.StudioEnvironment file.
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8. Click Open. rn
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9. Make sure the Fundamentals_Class_Index has Search
enabled toggled ON.
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10. Click Close to close the Search settings dialog box.
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Exercise 2 — Find data to populate a Petrel project
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Scenario: You and other team members work on a project for which
you all need a set of data items to start in your Petrel projects.
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In this exercise, you create a new Petrel project and use Find to search
for the data items required. These items are all horizons and wells in
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which the minimum elevation (in Depth) is greater than -2200m.

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1. Create a new Petrel project and set the CRS to ED50-UTM31

a. Select File > New Project.
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b. Select File > Project setup > Project settings.

c. Navigate to the Coordinate and Units tab.
d. Click Select, which is next to Coordinate Reference
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System.
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e. Enter ED50-UTM31 in the Filter by string text box.

f. Click OK in the Coordinate Reference System
selection dialog box.
g. Click OK in the Settings dialog box.
h. Save your project as My_Working_Project in your
Exercises folder (you can create the folder if not already
existing).
2. Click Search with Studio .
3. Use the Search filters to find all horizons and wells no
deeper than -2200 (that is, with an elevation depth greater
than -2200).
a. In the Search filter pane, expand the Data Type filter.
b. Deselect All.
c. Select Well and Horizon interpretation.
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d. Expand the Minimum elevation filter.

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e. Drag the left handle to the right to activate the text field.
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f. Click the number below the handle.

g. Enter -2200.
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h. Press Enter.
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4. At the top of the Search results pane, change the format
view of the results to Tree - folders by project.
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5. In the Search results pane, right-click the top node and

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select the Load option. The data items you require are
highlighted.
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6. In the Load data dialog box, click the Shopping cart icon.
Load the data items
directly. Here, you choose to
use the Shopping cart so
you can share your Find
selection with team
members.
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7. Select the Save selection to file option.
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8. In the Save as dialog box, enter a name for the file (data_
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required_for_project) and save it in your local

Exercises folder.
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9. Close the Load data dialog box.

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Exercise 3 — Load data from a Studio Find selection file
If the Studio database was not been deployed for the class, skip
this exercise.
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In this exercise, you use the StudioFindSelection file to load data from
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Studio into your empty Petrel project. My_Working_
Project was created in the
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1. Open your project My_Working_Project. exercise titled, Finding
2. On the Home tab in the Manage Data group, click Import Data to Populate a Petrel
Project.
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File.
3. Select Studio Find Selection File (*.StudioFindSelection)
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for the Files of type option.
4. Navigate to the folder where the file data_required_for_ The file should be in
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project.StudioFindSelection is located. the Exercises folder.
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5. Click Open.
6. In the Load data dialog, click the Show details icon.

7. Review the item details.
a. Right-click the first item.
b. Select Details.
c. View the details for the selected item, for example:
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d. Close the Details window.
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e. Repeat these steps to view the details of all items you

want to import.
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8. In the Load data dialog box, click Next.

9. Clear the Silent mode check box.
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10. Click Next.

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11. In the Login dialog box, verify these settings, then click OK.:
• The database connection is Petrel_Training.
• The Windows authentication option is selected.
• The Repository is set to FUNDAMENTALS.
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12. In the Database tool, expand the nodes on the Repository side
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(right side) to see which items are selected. The Project side
(left) should be empty
The Synchronization status icons for all items in the
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because your Petrel project
Repository side mean these items do not exist in the Petrel is empty.
project.
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13. Click the green Retrieve button (left arrow).

14. Close the Load data dialog box.

15. Review the messages in the Database status pane to verify
there were no warnings or errors in the transfer process.
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16. Review the data items in your Petrel project and display them
in a 3D window.
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17. If you wish to disconnect from the Studio repository, click
Logout under the Studio menu (Home tab in the Manage
data group).
Exercises — Notifications of changes in items

stored in a folder
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In this scenario, you complete exercises to practice working on a
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collaboration environment. If the Studio database has not been
deployed for the class, skip the exercises that follow.
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Exercise 1 — Retrieve a well folder from the
FUNDAMENTALS repository
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Everyone in the class (including the instructor) should complete this
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exercise:
1. Open the project My_Template_Project .pet.
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2. Open the Database tool (Home tab > Transfer group). Confirm the location
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of this project with your

instructor, if not found under
D:\Studio\Fundamentals\
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Petrel_Projects.
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3. On the repository side (right side), expand the Wells node.

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4. Toggle ON the A Wells folder.

5. To retrieve the selected data items to your Petrel project, click
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the green arrow .

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6. Close the Database tool.
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7. To verify there were no warnings or errors, review the
Database status pane.
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Exercise 2 — Subscribe to the well folder you retrieved

Everyone in the class (including the instructor) should complete this
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exercise:
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1. In the Input pane, expand the Wells folder.

2. Select the A Wells folder.
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3. Click Subscribe (Home tab > Notify group).

Now you are
subscribed to the folder A
Wells and you are notified of
any change in the data in the
repository contained in that
folder.
4. Review and change your settings for notifications and alerts:
a. Select File menu > Project setup > Project settings.
b. Navigate to Database settings tab > Data settings tab.
c. Make sure the check boxes under Notification and
alerts are selected.
d. To check for updates every 1 minute, set the system.
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e. Click OK to close the Project settings dialog box.
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5. Keep your Petrel project open and remain connected to the
Studio repository. rn
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Exercise 3 — Send updated data items to the repository
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Only the instructor should complete this exercise.

This exercise shows the changes being made. Some changes are made
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to the wells and the wells are sent back to the repository.
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1. For all the wells, change the well symbol.

a. Right-click the Wells node.
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b. Select Well Manager.

c. Change the well symbol and click OK.
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2. For all the wells, set the quality attributes Data status to In
progress and Confidence factor to Low.
a. Open the Project data table (Home tab > Manage data
group > Managers menu).
b. To locate the wells (all names start with A1), use the
Name column filter.
c. Select all the rows under Data status.
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d. Select the value In progress
e. Select all the rows under Confidence factor.
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f. Select the value Low and click OK.
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3. Send the wells to the repository.
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a. In the Input pane, right-click a well.
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b. Select Send to Studio.

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c. Repeat the exercise for each well.

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Exercise 4 — Review the notifications and retrieve the
updated data items
Within a minute after the instructor sent updated data items to the
repository, students should have received an alert in a pop-up message.
In this exercise, you analyze the messages and retrieve the updated
items to your Petrel project.
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1. Click Items in A Wells under the Alerts message that
appeared in the bottom right corner of your window.
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If you missed it, continue to the next step.
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2. In the Notifications pane in Petrel, click Items in A Wells to
open the details on the right. rn
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Hint: The items on the right appear with the red

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Synchronization icon that indicates these items are newer The message
than same items in your project. Updated Items is related to
a filter to which all users are
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subscribed by default. In this

case, it alerts you for the
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same items updated in the A

Wells folder.

3. Select well A10.
4. Click Compare to show the differences between well
A10 in your project and well A10 in the repository.
5. (Optional) You can repeat the process for every well in the
project.
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6. Analyze the differences (highlighted in red) shown in the
Comparison window.
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7. Retrieve all the wells to your project. Notice this operation

overwrites its counterpart wells in your project.
a. Select all the wells in the Notification pane (use the Shift
key).
b. To retrieve the wells to your project, click the green arrow.
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8. Review the wells in your Petrel project.
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Review questions
• What is difference between lines and points data?
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• What is difference between user-defined and Petrel defined
folders?
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• How can you import fault polygons?
• Where can you find most of the tools related to Studio in
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Petrel?
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• What tool in Petrel can you use to view data in a repository?
• How can you narrow down the scope of data presented in the
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Repository Data table?
• Which tool allow you to get notified about the updated data ?
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Summary
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In this module, you learned about

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• various data types

• examples of data formats
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• import various data types

• export data formats
• connect to a repository
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• using the Database tool and the repository data table

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• getting notifications to retreive updated data items.

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Module 4 — Visualization
and QC
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The multiple visualization windows (charts, reports, and maps) and fast
filtering capabilities enable opportunities for increasing field
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performance by promptly identifying the well or wells that offer an
opportunity to increase production. This module focuses on well data
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visualization and quality control.
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Learning objectives
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After completing this module, you will know how to rn
• use visualization icons
• use 2D and 3D windows
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• use the Stratigraphic chart window
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• charting window
• create
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• Well section window

• Function and Histogram windows
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• Map windows and using Map services

• Intersection windows
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• edit object spreadsheets and settings.

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Petrel Fundamentals Visualization and QC • 161

Lesson 1 — Visualization.
There are several important visualization tools available in the
Window toolbar (Figure 1).
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Figure 1 Window toolbar
View mode: Click to move the object
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Select mode: Click to select an object
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Measure distance: Click to select starting point
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Go home to a specified view
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Set home to a specified view
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View all: Displays all selected data

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View from side: Specified position

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Zoom: Target selected object

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Orthogonal view: No perspective

Clear display: Removes all displays from current window
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162 • Visualization and QC Petrel Fundamentals

View mode : Controls the view of the object. In this mode, you can
move, zoom, and pan the object using keyboard shortcuts.
You can switch between the View mode and other modes by pressing
the ESC key.
Select mode : Selects an item. When this mode is active and an
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object is selected, information pertaining to that object appears in the
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lower right corner of Petrel or in the Inspector if the window is open.
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Visualization: Selection Boxes
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The items in the Input pane have three types of selection boxes: gray
boxes, gray options buttons, and yellow boxes (Figure 2).
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Figure 2 Selection boxes in the Input pane

Gray boxes (specific switch): Affect only that object and toggle the
object on or off.
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Gray options buttons: Only one object can be visualized in that window.
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Yellow boxes (filter):
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• Affect all objects of that type.
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• Do not toggle a specific item ON or OFF.
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• Affect what displays next to the gray and ratio boxes.

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Selecting yellow boxes in the Global well logs folder has no effect
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unless a well with the same log is selected.

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Lesson 2 — 2D and 3D windows
Different tools help you organize, identify, and visualize well data.
Visualization is done using tools in the Well manager and Well tops
spreadsheets and data from the Wells and Well tops attributes
folders in the Input pane (Figure 3).
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Figure 3 Visualizing data from the Input pane in a 3D window

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After import, visualize wells in a 3D window with a log and axis. Well
logs and data can be reviewed in a Well section window,
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spreadsheets, and histograms (Figure 4).

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Figure 4 Log data in the Well section window

Well manager
The Well manager provides a quick overview of the well information.
For example, you can inspect the wells to check their coordinates and
unique well identifier (UWI). With the Pick mode active, click one of the
displayed wells to activate the Well contextual tab. From the Selection
group, click Well manager (Figure 5).
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Figure 5 Access the Well manager
You can see the available data in each well by clicking the Show
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button drop-down menu. Available data includes check shots, log
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curves, attributes, and coordinate systems (Figure 6).
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Figure 6 Well manager data
Well manager collects all the information associated with each

wellbore and presents it in a spreadsheet format that is easy to
understand. Each well is a row with all associated attributes listed as
columns. Most of the fields can be edited and allow you to copy/paste
actions.
Well tops
Well tops are used to mark the boundary between geological units as
seen in the borehole. They can be used during the model building phase
as an additional control on the position of the model horizons (Figure 7).
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Figure 7 Well tops
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The Well manager ensures that horizons match the observed horizon
data at the well location. You can add Well tops folders by clicking the
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Folder button on the Home tab (Figure 8).

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Figure 8 Adding a new Well tops folder

Procedure — Use the well tops spreadsheet
This interactive tool allows you to organize and manage large well top
collections. You can edit the positions, add new well tops, and define
which well top to be used in horizon correction for model building and
depth conversion.
The Well tops spreadsheet is sorted by attribute, stratigraphy (with
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faults and others), and by wells.
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1. In Pick mode, right-click on a displayed well top and from the
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mini toolbar select Spreadsheet. The figure lists all well tops
and their attributes.
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2. You can add more well tops and or well cuts to an existing
Well tops folder by appending a new row in the spreadsheet
and adding the appropriate info in the respective columns. You
also can copy/paste from an Excel file.
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Procedure — Display well data in time rn
A time-depth relationship (TDR) is required to post wellbores and other
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well data in a time domain.
1. Load velocity data for wells (such as check shots or sonic logs).
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2. Create a time log for each well. The time log determines which
time-depth relationship used to display well data in time.
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3. Display wellbores.
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4. Set the domain, display picks, and fault cuts.

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Procedure —Create time logs
Time logs determine the time depth relationship used for displaying the
wells in time. All possible sources of such a relationship (check shots,
well tops, sonic logs, etc.) are automatically listed on the Time tab and
can be set in order of preference.
For each well, the highest available item on the list is used as the
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time-depth relationship. It is possible to share checkshots or the TDR
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from one well to all wells in the project.
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1. Double-click the Wells folder to open the Settings dialog box.
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2. Click the Time tab and select the data for the TDR. Put the
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check shots at the top of the list to apply them in priority if a

well has several TDRs.
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3. Click Run. A time log is created for each well.
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Procedure — Visualize domains (ANY, TWT, TVD)
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The default domain setting is Any, which is unitless. In this case, all
data can be displayed and the volume dimensions are adjusted so
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the data are visible. No conversion from time to depth (or depth to
time) is performed. rn
Changing the domain to TWT or TVD limits the data you can display.
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For example, if the domain is set to TVD and you attempt to display
seismic data, no seismic appears in the display window (unless you
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have a depth cube loaded).

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Display of wells is similarly affected if you do not have a time-depth

relationship (for example, a time log in the wells). Well data does
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not display if the domain is set to TWT.

1. In the toolbar, change the domain to TWT.
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2. Toggle ON the Wells folder or select individual wells.
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3. Double-click the Wells folder and click the Style tab to
adjust display parameters.
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Attributes in the Well tops > Attributes folder in the Input

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pane control the visualization of Well tops in the different

domains.
You can right-click an attribute and select Use as a visual
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vertical position. This option sets the selected attribute as

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the vertical position (displayed with pink text) for the 3D

display and draws the well top.
It also switches the display to a user-defined domain in the
active display window.

4. In the windows toolbar, change the domain to TWT.
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5. Toggle ON the Well tops folder.
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6. Expand the Attributes folder and toggle ON the TWT auto
attribute. rn
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7. Display both wells and well tops in time and depth if the
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time-depth relation was previously established.

Lesson 3 — Stratigraphic chart window
You can store, create, and visualize stratigraphic descriptions of an
area of interest together with geo-time data, such as sea level
change (Figure 9 and Figure 10).
Stratigraphic columns and geo-time data can be shared between
Petrel projects via the Reference project tool or standard import/
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export operations.
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Figure 9 Columns and Geo-time data folders
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One stratigraphic chart can contain several columns.
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Figure 10 Stratigraphic chart and Curve information display

Data objects
Stratigraphic columns are collections of stratigraphic zones (units
representing specific ranges of geological time) and stratigraphic
events (interfaces between zones).
You can create and modify stratigraphic columns at any time in
Petrel.
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Geo-time data includes continuous curves or discrete charts
collecting samples of values at a specific geological time (for
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example, global sea level change, glacier intervals, geomagnetic
polarity charts, etc.).
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It is possible to create empty geo-time curves using the right-click
menu from the Geo-time data folder. Although there are limited
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options for populating the values of the geo-time data with real
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data in the current Petrel interface, it is possible to modify the
sample values using a standard spreadsheet. rn
This operation is similar to well logs, so it is advisable to import
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geo-time data using the Reference project tool or the Import
command.
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Procedure — Open stratigraphic charts
1. From the Home tab in the Insert group, click Windows and
select Stratigraphic chart window.
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2. Toggle ON items from within the Stratigraphic chart

folder in the Input pane.
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Visualize stratigraphic charts
To visualize the Stratigraphic columns, toggle ON the check box next
to the object you wish to display. By default, all objects appear in
the Stratigraphic chart window in relative scale so that the height
of each zone is proportional to its age range.
To zoom in or out in the Stratigraphic window, right-click the
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display and select Apply zoom factor.
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Columns and geo-time data

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You can add more columns using the right-click menu from the
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Columns folder.
You also can create empty geo-time curves as either continuous
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curves or discrete curves using the right-click menu for the Geo-
time data folder.
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Procedure — Create empty geo-time curves
1. From the Stratigraphy tab in the Stratigraphic charts
group, select New folder.
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2. Click New chart.
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3. In the Input pane, highlight Stratigraphic chart 1 and
click New column in the ribbon.
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4. Right-click and select Insert empty geo-time curves in
the Geo-time data folder.
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Stratigraphic charts spreadsheet

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Zone names, level names, geological ages, and geological types can
be edited in Stratigraphic columns spreadsheet.
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To access the spreadsheet: right-click Columns and select

Spreadsheet, then select the column and event to edit.
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You can change type, geological ages, and the starting and ending
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columns.

Procedure — Change levels in the spreadsheet
1. Switch between levels in the column.
2. Enter a specific name for the level (in stratigraphic units)
using the text box.
3. Assign geological ages to the events.
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Lesson 4 — Charting window
The Charting window displays only charts created by the Results
charting and analysis process. It allows you to visualize the
results and analyze the process by creating dynamic plots of vectors
against time for large sets of results.
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To open the dialog box and select data to display, click the Results
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charting icon on the Production domain tab in the Summary
results group (Figure 11).
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Figure 11 Access the Charting window

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Procedure — Display data in a Charting window

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The Charting window toolbar contains frequently-used tools to

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resize, extract, and save charts to graphics files. The toolbar also
provides shortcuts for panning and zooming within a chart.
1. Select Window > Charting window.

2. Navigate to Production tab > Summary results and
select Results charting.
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3. Enter names for Study and Chart.
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4. Choose variables in the Results charting dialog.
5. Choose the Chart theme and Series and click OK.
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(Optional) Modify the style of the charts independently of

the process. Select Chart themes on the Production tab in
the Summary results group.
It also is possible to modify or create your own chart
themes, including the chart content and axes, the windows
background, and the window legend.
Lesson 5 — Well section window
The Well section window allows you to display well data to
determine the similarity and correlation of rock bodies through an
area of interest between wells. You can display several wells, well
logs, point well data, and several marker types (well tops) in the
same correlation window. You also can display seismic or your
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properties between the wells.
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Both lithostatic and chronostratigraphic correlations can be
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performed.
The Well section window (Figure 12) builds a correlation panel
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between several wells, well logs, point well data, and several
marker types (well tops).
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• Uses a template-centric system.
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• Define your own log curve preference system.
• Choose from default well section templates.
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• Share well section templates between projects.
• Create your own default well section templates.
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Figure 12 Well section window

Procedure — Well section template
Each Well section window has its own icon and is stored in the
Windows pane. The Well section window uses a template-
centric system.
1. Select Home tab > Insert group > Window > Well
section window.
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2. Select Create new x-section to select wells or Use

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existing x-section to use the wells already displayed.

3. Select Create new template or Use existing template.
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(Choose previously created, imported, project converted, or

predefined Petrel system templates.)
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Templates are stored in the Well section templates folder
in the Templates pane.
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When you open a new Well section window, select the
Well section template in two ways:
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• Create a new Well section template.
• Open an existing template (any of the Petrel system
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templates, a user-defined template, or an imported
template).
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A template-centric system allows you to:
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• define a log curve preference system for the Well
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section window
• choose from a default Well section template
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• share Well section templates between projects
• define your own default Well section templates.
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Procedure — Display well data

Wells can be displayed at uniform, irregular, or relative distance
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spacing between each other. New well tops can be added and
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existing well tops can be edited.

Discrete logs, such as facies, are created by manual interpretation
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or by using the Well log calculator. In addition, it is possible to

display surfaces in the Input pane and horizons and contacts in the
Models pane.
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1. Navigate to Input pane > Wells folder to choose wells for
visualization. Alternatively, open an existing cross-section.
2. Visualize logs:
a. Toggle the check box in front of Log curve under the
Global well logs folder. This action adds a new track.
b. Alternatively, right-click on a Log curve and select Add
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to global template.
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3. Select a displayed Log track for the new log or choose In
new track.
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Definition tab
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Click Window settings on the window toolbar (Figure 13), then

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click the Definition tab (Figure 14).

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Figure 13 Access Window settings from the Window toolbar

Here, you can set scaling, vertical positioning, synchronization, and
depth measurement type for your selected wells in a well section.
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Figure 14 Definition tab in the Settings dialog for the Well section window
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1 Define well position synchronization:

Scroll relative: Synchronizing all wells
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Flatten from window top

Flatten on well top
Flatten on depth
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Flatten on multiple well tops

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2 a. Synchronize well scaling to have all wells in same lockstep

b. Define absolute scale values for wells.
3 Define the depth measurement type for the vertical scale.
4 Add wells to the Well section window from the Input pane.

General track settings
When a Log curve is added to the Well section template, it gets a
track folder and a corresponding Log panel. The settings for the
track (width, gridlines, background colors, etc.) are located on the
Style tab in the Settings dialog box for the Well section template.
On the Well section domain tab in the Templates group, click the
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Template settings icon to open the Template settings dialog box
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(Figure 16).
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Figure 15 Access the Template settings rn
A description of the main areas in the Template settings window
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follow Figure 16.
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Figure 16 Template settings

1 Change the width of the panels or interactively change the width
with the Pick mode by dragging the edge of the panel header.
2 Define the log scaling: linear or logarithmic
3 Draw the track grid lines: horizontal or vertical
4 Select background color and transparency
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Procedure — Project seismic data in the cross-section
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When you create a Well section window, an associated cross-
section is created in the Input pane.
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Click the Toggle visualization on plane button to activate all
objects that can be draped in the active cross-section; the
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visualization boxes of the objects turn blue. The blue boxes indicate
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that their objects can be projected onto this plane.
You can select multiple square blue selection boxes or one round
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blue selection box at a time.
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1. Choose an existing cross-section from the Input pane.
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2. Click the Toggle visualization on plane button.

3. Toggle ON the blue check box in front of objects to display.
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Lesson 6 — Histogram window
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You can display histograms for imported data (well logs, points, and
surfaces) and generated 3D property models. The histogram, with
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its functions, displays in a Histogram window opened from the

Window button in the Home tab.
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For well logs, you can display a histogram for all wells contained in
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the projector of a single well. You can show a histogram for

property, upscaled well logs, and raw well log curves used for
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upscaling.
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Procedure — Display data in a histogram window
The data can interactively be toggled ON or OFF in the Petrel
explorer panes and the layout can be manipulated in the Settings
dialog for the specific object or in the wells and properties folders.
1. Select Home tab > Insert group > Window > Histogram
window.
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2. Choose data to be displayed from the Input or Models
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panes.
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3. Enter the Number of intervals, Max. and Min. values in

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the Settings for the Histogram and click OK.

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Lesson 7 — Function window
The Function window is a useful tool for log analysis and
correlation. Adjust the range values directly and use filters or
geometric properties to isolate specific portions of the logs.
The results obtained from the correlation function can be used as
trends in the Property modeling process.
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Procedure — Create functions or crossplots
1. Select Window > Function window.
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2. Choose data from the Input or Models pane to be
displayed as the X, Y, and Z-axis (color).
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3. Set ranges for X- and Y-axis on the Axis tab in the

Settings for Function and click OK.
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4. Create a function (linear or non-linear) and apply filters from
the Window toolbar icons if needed.
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Lesson 8 — Map window and map services
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When the Map window is active, only items suitable for X-Y
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mapping are active in the panes and can be selected or cleared
interactively.
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Viewport objects in the Map window

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Legend, Axis, Info box, Scale bar, Symbol legend, Frame, and Header
can be toggled ON or OFF and manipulated interactively.
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All objects can be set in their respective Settings dialog boxes. The
placement of the objects also can be manipulated manually by
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dragging the objects to new positions.

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Procedure — Display objects in the Map window
1. Click the Window button and select Map window.
2. Choose the data to be displayed from the Input or Models
panes.
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3. Choose the items in Window toolbar to be displayed in
the Map window.
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4. Set scale and margins in the Map settings.
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Map services
You can insert externally-configured GIS map services in a 2D, 3D,
map, or plot window. GIS map services are stored as objects under
the GIS map services folder in the Petrel Input pane, where you
can display or hide them by selecting or clearing their check boxes.
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Procedure — Insert a map service
1. On the Home tab > Insert group, select Object > New
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map service.
2. In the next dialog, click a predefined map service and
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perform one of these tasks:
a. Accept the default settings for the map service, click
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OK. Skip the remaining steps.
b. To configure map service settings, click the arrow to
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the right of OK, and click Advanced settings.
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3. Toggle ON Map service to visualize in window (3D, 2D,
Map window).
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Lesson 9 — Intersection window
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Only data suitable for display on an intersection are activated in the
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Input and Models panes.
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Horizons, fault planes, zones, and properties from the 3D model can
display on the intersection. Horizons and fault planes display as
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lines; zones/properties display as solids.

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Change the vertical and horizontal scales of the intersections in

their respective Settings dialog boxes. Intersection windows can
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be created in three ways:

• Click the Window button
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• From existing general intersections in the Input or Models
panes
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• From seismic lines.
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Create a general intersection plane

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A general intersection is a plane that can be positioned in any

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angle (horizontal, vertical, or tilted) anywhere in the model. Any type

of data (horizons, faults, properties, wells, and seismic) can be
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displayed on the plane (Figure 17).

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These planes also can be moved through the model and used for
quality checks.
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Figure 17 General intersection visualization

The plane can be inserted in the Input pane and in the Models
pane, and cross-sections can be interactively moved in a 3D
window, Intersection window, Intersection viewport, or Plot
window.
You also can display data from the Input pane or from the 3D
model.
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Procedure — Create a general intersection from the
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Input pane
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A General intersection plane can be generated by right-clicking on
any General folder in the Input pane or by right-clicking on the
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Intersections folder under the 3D grid in the Models pane, and
selecting Insert random line.
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The General intersection is associated to a player bar that allows
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you to set the best view for the data in an intersection.
1. Right-click on a General folder in the Input pane and
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select Insert random line.
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2. Toggle ON the General intersection in the 3D window.

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3. Click Visualize on intersection, on the Intersection tab.
The selection boxes of the objects that can be displayed
become blue.
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4. Toggle ON the checkboxes in front of the objects you want
to display on the plane.
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Move a general intersection
A General intersection can be positioned at any angle, anywhere in
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the window. Use the icons from the Alignment group on the Tools
tab to align the plane horizontally, vertically, north-south, or
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east-west (Figure 18).
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Figure 18 Options for moving a General intersection

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To align the plane in any other direction, click the Manipulate

plane icon, click on the plane, and drag it into the desired position.
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Click the mouse and press the Ctrl key to turn the plane in 3D.
When the Manipulate plane icon is active, the PageUp and
PageDown keys move the General intersection along a line normal
to the plane. The cursor, combined with right- and left-arrow keys,
rotates it around the Z-axis.

When the plane has been oriented, the player (Figure 19) can play
through the data step by step (Play Forward/Backwards, Step
Forward Backwards) within a user-specified increment at the bottom
of the player.
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Figure 19 Intersection player
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To adjust the speed of the player, select File tab > Project Setup >
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Project Settings > Misc Settings 1 tab > Player speed.
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Procedure — Configure the general intersection style

settings
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In the Settings for General intersection dialog box, change the

plan transparency on the Plane settings tab.
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For object display, change the settings on the Input settings tab,
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including the distance limit, width, sizes, and colors.

1. Right-click General Intersection and select Settings.
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2. Change the Transparency of the plane: Click the Style >

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Plane settings tab.

3. Edit the color and width of surfaces and wells from the
Style > Input settings tab.
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Procedure — Create Intersection window from General
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Intersection rn
An Intersection window shows the same content (wells, log curves,
surfaces, horizons, and properties) as in General intersections or
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other plane viewports. However, it also displays items such as
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horizontal scales bar, automatic legend, header, axis, and info box,
similar to a Map window.
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1. Right-click the Intersections folder in the Models pane

and select Insert random line.
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2. Right-click General Intersection and select Create

intersection window.
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3. Make sure the General intersection is toggled ON. Click the

checkboxes in front of the objects you want to display on
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the plane.
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Fluid contacts are shown in the figure.
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Exercises — Visualization
There are many types of display windows. These exercises provide
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an introduction to some of the most commonly-used display tools
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and walk you through some of the less intuitive parts of those
displays.
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Upon completion, you will be more comfortable using the displays in
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later exercises and in job situations.

In the exercises that follow, you perform several tasks.
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• Visualize wells in 3D window.

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• Create a new Well section window using a predefined

template.
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• Create a cross-section.
• Visualize and edit a Stratigraphic column
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• Create a Charting window.

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The icons in the toolbar offer a keyboard shortcut option as a suffix

that is visible when you mouse over the tools. (For example, the
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Copy item uses Ctrl+C.)

Exercise 1 — Visualize wells
1. Open the premade project Fundamentals 2014_M4.pet.

2. Save the project under a new name in your Student folder.
3. Open a new 3D window from the Window button on the
Home tab. You also can use the icon in the Quick Access
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toolbar.
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4. In the Input pane, display wells in the project by selecting
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the check box next to them.
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5. If a well is not active, click Viewing mode (V) (in the
Window toolbar) and mouse over the display. A hand
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symbol replaces the mouse cursor. You now can manipulate
the display.
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6. Click and move the mouse to rotate the object in 3D.
7. Hold down the Shift or Ctrl key, click, and move the mouse
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to pan the object.
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8. Press and hold Shift+Ctrl, click, and move the mouse to

zoom the object.
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9. Press Esc and note how your cursor changes back to the
regular cursor. Press Esc again to return to the Viewing
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mode.
This change also can be achieved by clicking Select (P)
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(on the Window toolbar).

10. Click the Inspector button on the Home tab in the View
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group.
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11. From windows toolbar, click the Select (P) option and
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click on a well in the display. Note the information that

displays in the Inspector window.
12. Select Window > 2D window and toggle ON to display
the wells.
13. Click View mode (V) in the window toolbar.
14. Use the mouse button to zoom in a 2D window.
15. To pan in a 2D window, hold down the Shift key and click.
16. To rotate the object, hold down Shift+Ctrl and click.
Exercise 2 — Define settings: Color, style, and
operations
Every object in the Input pane and the Models pane has settings
associated with it. You can open the settings of any object by
double-clicking it in the pane where it is located, or by using the
Inspector. The Inspector allows you to adjust style and other
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settings without leaving the display window.
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1. Go to the Windows pane and select 3D Window.
2. From the Window toolbar, click Clear display (Ctrl+H).
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3. In the Input pane, expand the Surfaces (Time) folder and
select the Top Tarbert surface.
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4. Click the Inspector in the Quick access toolbar .
5. Change to the Select option and click the displayed
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surface. Note the options in the Inspector.
6. Click the Style option and note that you can define the
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contour increment to 50. This option is interactive, so you
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can see the different increments on-the-fly.
7. Click the Colors option.
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8. Define the colors to be used. You must select the option

Global and select the Color table to be used.
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9. To adjust the Color table to maximum and minimum values

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of the displayed object, click Adjust color table .

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Exercise 3 — Add a note on a specific item
When a project is shared In a collaborative environment, it is
necessary to add some remarks to the data. Individuals and teams
can share and manipulate their content and knowledge in Petrel
using notes.
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1. In your 3D window, select Window contextual tab >
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Annotations group > Insert: New note.
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2. Click anywhere on the Top Tarbert surface to leave a note
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to share. A Note Editor dialog opens.
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3. Enter your comment and click OK. Your note is visualized as
a call-out in the 3D window and stored in the path Input
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pane > Annotate > Notes.
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Exercise 4 — Create a new Well section window using
a pre-defined template
There are many starting points for creating a new template: existing
files, imported, project converted, or predefined Petrel system
templates. Existing templates are chosen from the drop-down menu
in the Select new well section template dialog box in the Well
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section window.
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All wells added to the new window use this default Well section
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template.
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1. On the Home tab in the Insert group, click the Window
icon and select Well section window.
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2. In the Select new well sections window settings

dialog box, select the option Create new x-section.
3. Give the new cross-section a name: M4_
predefined_X-section.
4. Select the existing M4_predefined_template from the
drop-down menu in the Select new well section
template dialog box.

5. Toggle ON Show template settings and click OK.
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6. Close the Settings for M4_predefined_template dialog
box. Notice the structure of the template; it has some
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defined settings for all the chosen logs, for example Limits
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(scaling), Curve filling, and Line style.
7. In the Input pane, click on Wells > Wells for WSW folder
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and select 34/10-A-20 and 34/10-A-19.

The Well section window displays the selected wells with
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the log curve preference system of the predefined template.

8. Navigate to the Input pane> Well Tops folder >
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Stratigraphy subfolder and toggle ON all stratigraphic well

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tops.
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9. On the Well section tab under the Vertical scaling group,
click Window settings to open the settings dialog box for
the current well section.
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10. On the Info tab, rename the active Well section window
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M4_WSW_predefined_template.
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11. On the Definition tab:
a. For Well position synchronization select Flatten on
well top.
b. In the Input pane, in the Well tops folder, select and
highlight the BCU well top. Click the the blue arrow
.
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c. (Optional) Drag the well top to the Settings dialog box
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over the blue arrow.
d. Click Apply.
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14. Navigate to Input pane > Wells > Wells for WSW and
select the 34/10-A 13 well to add it.
15. In the Settings dialog for M4_WSW_predefined_template,
Definition tab, under Well position synchronization, select
Flatten on depth. Increase the SSTVD to 1800.
16. For Scale settings in the Well settings section, enter an
absolute scale of 1:2000.
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17. Click Apply.
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Observe that if you now try to scroll (using your mouse

wheel) or zoom (by clicking 1D scaling ), the wells are
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synchronized and all of them move.

Verify that Synchronized scrolling is active in the Well
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Section tab.
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18. In the Window toolbar of the Well section window, click

to view all of the wells in the Well
section window. This gives you a better picture of the
flattening and scaling.


19. By default, all the wells use the same settings. However
you can customize settings for individual wells in the Well
section window.
a. In the Settings dialog in the Well settings section,
highlight 34/10-A-19 and clear the Use default check
box.
b. Set a different scale: 1:1000 SSTVD.
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20. Click OK to close the dialog box.
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21. Change the Well section template on-the-fly:
a. Navigate to the Well section tab > Templates group
and change the M4_predefined_template to the
Petrel predefined Triple Combo from the drop-down
menu. Note how the appearance of all the wells
change simultaneously.
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b. To get a sense of the information stored in the
template, click Template settings in the Window
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toolbar of the Well section window.
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22. Add a log to the predefined template:

a. Navigate to Input pane >Wells > Global well logs >
Triple combo is one
Wells for WSW logs > General logs.
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of the most common

b. Toggle ON the NETS facies log. Note how the log is standards in the logging
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added automatically into a new track in the Well industry. The curve colors
used in the Petrel template
section template settings. are consistent with other
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23. In the Settings dialog for Triple combo, click and drag the petrophysics applications.
NETS track to bring it to the top of the Template objects
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list.
24. Click Apply.

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You now will see that the NETS log is the first track shown
in the template for the wells.
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Templates are set to define the Well section display.
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Depending on the available well logs for the key wells
currently displayed, you will visualize more or less data in
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your well section.
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Exercise 5 — Scroll and zoom
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The well log display can be edited by scrolling and/or zooming each
log individually or by synchronizing all logs.
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When you scroll and zoom, you use the gray and white scroll bar,
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usually located on the left side of each well panel. The larger the
white area is compared to the gray area, the larger the displayed
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proportion of the well.

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To synchronize both operations, click Synchronized scrolling

and Synchronized scaling from the Well section window
toolbar or Well Section contextual tab in the Vertical scaling
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group. Toggle OFF these options to move or zoom only one well at a
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time.

Move (Scroll)
1. Position the cursor over the white area in the depth track. A
hand icon displays .
2. Click the mouse to scroll up and down.
Zoom
1. Position the cursor over the border between the white and
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gray area in the scroll bar. A double arrow displays.
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2. Click the mouse over the white/gray border to zoom in/out.
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Exercise 6 — Visualize a well section fence

While you were completing the previous well section exercises,
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Petrel was automatically creating a well section fence and stored it

in the Input pane > Cross sections folder.
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1. In a 3D window, toggle ON the well section fence from the

path Input pane > Cross sections > M4_
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predefiend_X-section.
2. To visualize the fence, click View all in the Window
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toolbar.
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3. Right-click M4_predefiend_X-section and select Settings.
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4. In the Settings for M4_predefined_X-section dialog
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box, click the Definitions tab.
5. Change the order in which the wells are displayed. Select a
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well and use the move-up and move-down blue arrows.
6. Set the order to match the figure and click Apply.
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window.
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7. Make sure a cross-section is active (bold).

8. Click Visualize on intersection in the Window
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toolbar to visualize data on the plane. Notice that some

check boxes for the data in the Input and Models panes
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turned blue.
9. Navigate to Models pane > 3D grid (depth) > Properties
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and select the Contacts property.

10. Similarly, display horizons from the Horizons folder of this
grid.
11. In the Settings for M4_predefined_X-section dialog
box, click the Style > 3D grid settings tab.

12. Change the Width for the Horizons to 3 and click OK.
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13. Zoom in (using the mouse wheel) to the plane to get a
closer look of the intersection.
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14. Clear Visualize on intersection to add other items in

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the 3D window.

Exercise 7 — Object settings: Check statistics
When you import files, build new files, or review someone else’s
project, check the statistics of key data to avoid surprises.
click one of the four surfaces.
2. Right-click the surface and select Settings.
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3. Click the Statistics tab and check the range and character
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(positive or negative) of its Z-values. Note that Petrel
always works with a negative vertical index (deeper values
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= higher negatives). This also is the case when working
with data in the time domain; Z-values representing time
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values below mean sea level (MSL), are negative.
4. Check the statistics of another object.
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5. Check the statistics of any object folder.
What information is provided?
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6. Check the Well tops folder.
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Exercise 8 — Change attributes on the Style and Info
tabs
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The Statistics tab is a read-only option mainly used for quality

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checking. Some physical attributes can be changed only on the

Style and Info tabs of the object.
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Use a new 3D window for this exercise.

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1. In the Input pane, expand the Surfaces (Time) folder,

display Base Cretaceous, and from the Home tab click
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Inspector.
2. In Select mode, click on the displayed surface.
3. Click the Style tab and select these options:
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a. Select the check box next to the Contour option to

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show contours.
b. Select the check box next to Solid to show color-filled
contours.
c. Select the check box next to the Grid option to show
grid lines.

3. On the Quality Attributes tab and under Data status,
change the label to In progress.
4. Check the list of available color tables from the Colors tab
and change it.
5. View the automatic update in the 3D window.
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Exercise 9 — Visualize data in a function window
In this exercise, you visualize data from a single well in a Function
window:
1. From Quick access toolbar select Window > Function
window.
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2. In the Wells folder, expand the A10 well folder.
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3. Go to the Well logs folder and select:
• Porosity for x-axis
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• Perm for y-axis
• Facies for z-axis.
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4. Limit the range values for Porosity and Perm:
a. On the Window tab, click Settings in the Window group.
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b. Click the Axis tab and select the Ranges* subtab.

c. In the Axis field, select X-axis: Porosity.
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d. Select the Use user range check box.

e. Set Minimum: 0.2 and Maximum: 0.3 for porosity, and
click Apply.

f. Repeat Step 4c through 4e for Y-axis: Permeability, using
Minimum: 20 and Maximum as 600 for permeability.
Click Apply.
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5. Click Make linear function from cross plot to create a
function.
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6. Set the values from X-ranges and click OK in the pop-up dialog
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box.
This function is created on the Input tab.
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Exercise 10 — Visualize data in a histogram window
Similar to what you did in the Function window, you now visualize data
distribution from a single well in a Histogram window.
1. From the Quick access toolbar, select Window >
Histogram window.
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2. In the Wells folder, expand the A15 well folder.
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3. Go to the Well logs folder and select Porosity log.
4. Limit the range values for Porosity:
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a. On the Window tab in the Window group, click Settings.
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b. Click the Settings tab and change the Number of intervals
to 10.
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c. Select Min. and Max.
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d. Set Min. to 0.12 and Max. to 0.23.

e. Click OK.
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Exercise 11 — Define a cross-section plane (general
intersection)
Now, you create a plane that cuts through the data in a display. Data
can be displayed on this plane, and you can use the plane to restrict
the display of data in the view on either side of the plane.
1. Clear the visualizations in your 3D window by clicking Clear
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display on the Window toolbar.
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2. Display the Top Tarbert surface in the 3D window (Input pane
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> Surfaces (time) folder).
3. While the Top Tarbert surface is visualized, right-click the
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Surfaces (Time) folder and select .A
plane is inserted, running north-south through your model. A
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new entry in the Input pane is made in the Surfaces folder.
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4. Display the General intersection using the Select

option. Right-click the General intersection in the 3D window
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and select Settings.

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5. (Optional) Change the transparency of the plane on the Style
tab.
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There is a player associated with this plane. You can find it by
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clicking the Players button on the Home tab.
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There are several icons you can use to play through the model
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in any given increment. The increment is in project units.

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The units specified to be the units for the current project, either
feet or meters, are defined in File > Project Setup > Project
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Settings > Coordinates and units.

6. Click Toggle visualization on plane from the Window
toolbar when you define what is to display on the plane itself
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(not in 3D).
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When this icon is active, many of the white check boxes in the
Input pane turn blue. The data can be displayed on the active
General intersection.

When the Intersection is active on the display, the
Intersection contextual tab (in the Alignment group) is active.
On this tab are four icons for aligning the plane in the vertical
or horizontal direction.
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7. Click Clip to clip the displayed items either in front of the
plane or behind the plane
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The three snap tools can be used to position the plane into the
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On the Window contextual tab, Align camera

orients the camera so it looks directly into the active plane. It is
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not possible to rotate the view if this icon is selected.

8. After clicking this icon, it might be necessary to click
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View all in the Window toolbar to bring the plane into

view in the 3D window (which switches off Align camera).
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9. Position the plane: Click either Align east to west or

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Align vertically .
10. Click Manipulate plane from the Window toolbar.
11. Click the plane and drag the plane along the axis.
• To move the plane in any direction, press the Ctrl key while
moving the plane. Note that the axis of rotation depends
on where the arrow tool is positioned in the plane when
you start the movement.
Tilting the plane is not possible when Align plane
vertically is toggled ON.
• The movement is easier if you constrain the plane to be
vertical by clicking Align plane vertically .

If you have selected either Align north-south or Align
east-west, you cannot to move the plane in any other
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direction.
12. Clip in front of the plane by selecting the option Clip in front
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from the Clip button in the Visualization group .
13. Display data on the plane:
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a. Click on the Window toolbar.
b. Select the blue box in front of all surfaces (Input pane >
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Surface(time) folder): Base Cretaceous, Top Tarbert, Top
Ness, and Top Etive.
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c. Change the line thickness of the displayed surfaces on the
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plane.
• With Pick mode active, right-click the General intersection
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and select Settings.
• Click the Style tab.
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• On the Input settings, change the surface width and click

OK.
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14. Drag the plane through the model. Remember that the
Manipulate plane icon must be active to move it.
15. (Optional) Play through the model using the Player option
(Step plane forwards/backwards, Play plane forwards/
backwards, and Stop).
16. Snap the plane to a desired position. Deactivate the Align
plane buttons in the ribbon and select View from above
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in the Window toolbar.
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17. Click on the ribbon and click two points on
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the Top Tarbert surface to snap the plane through these two
points.
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Exercise 12 — Visualize and Edit a stratigraphic column 
Petrel has a dedicated window for visualizing the stratigraphic
columns.
1. On the Home tab in the Insert group, click the Window icon
and select Stratigraphic chart window.
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2. In the Input pane, toggle ON Columns in the Stratigraphic

charts folder 1 folder.
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3. By default, your column should look similar to the figure. If
not, stretch the stratigraphic column by changing the zoom
factor, right-click in the column, and select Apply zoom
factor.
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You have created a 3-level column for the Jurassic period.

Notice how the structure mirrors the Petrel tree.
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4. On the Home tab, click Inspector.

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5. Click several columns and change the color of the display.
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6. You can edit the event age from the Stratigraphic columns in
the Inspector or use spreadsheets. In Stratigraphic charts
folder 1 > Time Stratigraphy, right-click Columns and select
Spreadsheet to change the events ages or type.
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Exercise 13 — Insert a generic geo-time curve
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1. Right-click the Geo-time data folder, located under the Time
Stratigraphy, and select Import (on selection).
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2. Browse to find the curve located under the Input_data folder

that comes with your project.
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3. Select Stratigraphic curve format (*.*) as type of file to import
and click Open.
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4. Click OK in the dialog box. The curve is imported and stored in
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the Geo-time data folder.

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5. Toggle ON the check box next to the folder you wish to display.
The figure is an example of the types of curves you can import:
global sea level change, glacier intervals, and geomagnetic
polarity charts.
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Exercise 14 — Charting window
Display a production analysis plot using the Result charting and
analysis dialog box.
1. On the Quick access toolbar, select Window > Charting
window.
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2. Click the Charting tab and click Results charting and

analysis. The Result charting and analysis dialog box
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opens.
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3. In the Study section, select Create new and name it My

study.
4. In the Chart section, select Create new and name it Oil
production rate.
5. Keep the Picking mode as Data vs. time.
6. In the Sources pane, select Observed.

7. In the Primary identifiers pane, select the wells you to
display.
8. In the Properties pane, in the Rates folder, select Oil
production rate.
9. Change the Chart theme to Light.
10. Select the Series style as Identifier determines color family and
click OK.
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This example visualizes the oil production rate by well in the Charting
window.
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Review questions
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• Which window would you use to analyze production data, and
why?
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• How can you check the log content in each well?

• What options do you have if you want to add a comment on
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your data?
• Other than annotations, how can you make a note of the
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quality of your data or interpretation?

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Summary
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• visualizing well data using the several types of Petrel
windows (such as 3D and 2D)
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• configuring object settings

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• using the Annotate application

• navigating and setting up a Well section window
• working with the General intersection
• displaying simulation data in the Charting window for further
analysis.

Module 5 — Seismic
reconnaissance
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In this module, you learn about visualizing a seismic volume using
various Petrel display windows, including 3D, 2D base map, and
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Interpretation.
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You also learn how to change the appearance of objects.
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Learning objectives
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• work with templates and seismic data (xlines, inlines, z,
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polyline intersections, and vintages)
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• configure an interpretation window
• run Volume Rendering
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• configure a 2D base map window

• manipulate seismic data
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• change the display of seismic data.

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Lesson 1 — Seismic data visualization

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Visualizing objects in 3D allows you to observe details that would be

lost by looking at them in a plane view. Bad data, such as spikes or
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mis-ties in seismic interpretations, are often immediately obvious. It is

essential to perform visual quality control checks on your data
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throughout the modeling process.

When all of the necessary input data is brought into Petrel, check the
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data and compare it with the other data to reveal inconsistencies.
Petrel Fundamentals Seismic reconnaissance • 235

Seismic main folder
The Seismic main folder is a predefined folder reserved for seismic
data in Petrel. It contains all seismic bulk data:
• Seismic surveys with corresponding vintages
• Interpretation folders for horizon/fault interpretations
• Filters for easy handling of data contained in the main folder.
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Only one Seismic main folder can exist for a given project.
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Seismic vintages were introduced in Petrel version 2007.1 to allow you
to switch between different seismic attributes contained within a single
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survey.
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The Seismic survey folder is a placeholder for seismic data belonging
to a survey. A vintage (version) of the same survey resides in the same
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folder.
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To define the seismic data area, only three points are required:
• Origin (the first point of the first inline and the first crossline)
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• Last point of the first inline
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• Last point of the first crossline.

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236 • Seismic reconnaissance Petrel Fundamentals

Procedure — Create the main folder structure
1. To insert a Main seismic folder, navigate to Home tab >
Insert group > Folder button> New seismic main folder.
The new folder is stored in the Input pane with predefined
subfolders:
• Vintages
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• Interp survey inclusion filters
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• Interpretation folder (horizons or faults).
2. Click the Folder button or right-click the Seismic main folder
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and select New seismic survey.
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Seismic data visualization

Select the check box in front of the seismic data to visualize the outline
of the seismic.
Right-click on a seismic volume to access the drop-down menu. Here,
you can choose to create seismic lines, crop a volume, realize a volume,
generate attribute volumes, etc.

Procedure — Display seismic in a 3D window
1. Display seismic: Expand the Survey folder. Right-click on the
Seismic cube folder and choose to add other seismic line
types.
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2. Display a seismic line in the active display window, toggle ON
the checkbox in front of the seismic line.
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There are many intersections you can use to display seismic data.
These intersections differ from a General intersection because they are
aligned along the seismic lines, which allows the data to be optimized
for rapid redrawing.
There are several options:
Inlines, Crosslines, These are intersections aligned to one of
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and Timeslices the three principal directions in the seismic
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data and cannot be rotated. They can,
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however, be optimized for rapid redrawing,
etc.
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Random lines Intersections that can be oriented in any
direction by clicking the Manipulate plane
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icon and pressing the Shift key.
You also can tilt the plane and verify that no
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alignment restriction is set in the player.
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Vertical intersection A vertical intersection generated from a
drawn polygon; moving the polygon moves
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the intersection.
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This process is much slower than using

inlines, crosslines, and timeslices.
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Well intersection or A vertical intersection plane generated from

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X-section a well or well section can be used to display

seismic. This section cannot be moved in
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any direction.
Arbitrary polyline A vertically and arbitrarily aligned
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intersections intersection where directions are guided by

polygons drawn on a timeslice.
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Seismic aligned A vertically and inline/crossline aligned

polyline intersection where directions are guided by
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intersections polygons and inline/crossline directions

(drawn on a timeslice).
Seismic composite Lines composed of multiple 2D or 3D lines
lines or combinations of 2D and 3D. (Refer to the
section about Seismic Composite Lines.)

Scan through your seismic cube
If at least one seismic intersection has been inserted from any seismic
cube, the Player can be used to play through the cube.
You also can click the Manipulate plane icon to move the intersection
freely or move the cursor in one direction (forward/backward).
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Press Shift and click the mouse to rotate the seismic line. Press Shift
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and right-click the mouse to tilt the seismic line and verify that there is
no alignment restriction toggled on in the player (such as Align plane
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vertically).
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Procedure — Move seismic lines in a 3D window
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1. To display the seismic in the 3D window, click Select [P]
on the line to activate it (IL, XL, Timeslice or Random line).
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2. In the Window toolbar, click Manipulate plane
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the position of the active line.
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3. Activate the Player in either of two ways:
• Home tab > View group > Players split button >
Intersection player
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• In the display, click Select [P] , right-click the line and,
from the mini toolbar, select Intersection player.
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4. Use the player to move or step through the cube
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1 Play through volume
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2 Go to end
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3 Set position of active line
4 Set step/play increment
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Lesson 2 — Interpretation window.
The Seismic interpretation window gives you a classic 2D view of the
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seismic data. Inline, crossline, composite lines, and any type of random
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lines can be displayed in the interpretation window. It is usually the
best tool to use for interpretation.
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Procedure — Create a new interpretation window

1. Open a new Interpretation window in one of two ways:
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• On the Quick Access toolbar, select Interpretation

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window.
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• Navigate to Home tab > Insert group> Window split
button > Interpretation window.
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2. Identify the seismic data of interest in the Input pane.

3. Select the 2D line, inline, crossline, or random line to be
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visualized.
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Procedure — Create a new interpretation window directly
from an intersection
1. Right-click on the 2D line, inline, crossline, or random line from

the 3D window display.
2. From the context menu, select Create interpretation
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window.
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Interpretation window manipulation
The view can be zoomed, stretched, and squeezed in either direction. It also is possible to
You can pan the image freely using the left mouse button when zoom using the Magnifying
glass in the Window
operating in the View mode. toolbar. Click and drag a
square; to unzoom, press
Shift + Z.
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1 Pan: Position the mouse pointer on the lower, right white bar
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(horizontal/vertical movement) or anywhere else in window

(free movement), click and hold down to move.
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2 Zoom: Position the cursor between the white and the gray
lower/right area in the bars, click and hold down to zoom (or
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use the mouse button + Ctrl + Shift).

3 Squeeze: Click the line between the grey/white area. Use the
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mouse button + Shift to stretch/squeeze.

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Zoom and scroll the display
There are several ways to zoom in/out or scroll your display:
• The white bars to the right and below the intersection
behave the same as any standard scroll bar in Windows.
• Drag the bars to scroll in either direction, or click above
or below the bar to jump one full screen.
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• The white area is proportional to the amount of data
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currently in view; that is, if the intersection is twice as
high as the area currently visible, the vertical scroll bar
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are half white and half gray.
• Dragging the ends of the white bars zooms in and out,
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while dragging the ends of the bars while holding down the
Shift key stretches or squeezes the window in that
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direction.
• Press Ctrl+Shift and move the mouse up or down to zoom
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out or in when in View mode.
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If you do the same and move from one side to the other, the
view stretches or squeezes.
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• Zoom in and out by pressing the + and - keys.
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• Specify an area to zoom in on using the magnifying

glass. Click the intersection to draw a square, giving a
regular zoom.
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• Press Shift at the same time to select a rectangle so

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that the zoom action changes the vertical to horizontal

ratio of the intersection.
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Lesson 3 — Volume rendering
Volume rendering is a simultaneous display of all data within the
seismic volume. By making the volume partly opaque and partly
transparent, hidden structural and depositional features can be
identified.
Depending on the size of your seismic cube and the RAM in your
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computer, it is best to use a cropped realized volume for the Volume
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rendering process. Volume rendering is possible only for ZGY data
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format cubes because this format allows large datasets to be
rendered.
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Procedure — Render hidden features
1. Display a 3D Seismic cube (Realized) in a 3D window and
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open its Settings window.
2. In the Settings dialog box, click the Style tab, then click
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the Volume visualization subtab.
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3. Select the Volume render check box to toggle ON the
Volume rendering feature and click Apply.
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4. Toggle ON the volume in the Input pane.

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5. Click the Opacity tab and draw the opacity curve. Any change
in the Opacity tab is immediately applied in the displayed
window.
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Lesson 4 — 2D base map
A 2D window serves as a base map. Within a base map window,
you can perform many tasks:
• Display the frame of the seismic cube(s) with annotations.
• Display 2D lines with annotation.
• Display inline, crossline, random line and timeslices.
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• Select seismic lines.
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• Create various arbitrary seismic lines.
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• Display horizon and fault interpretations.
• Display other data, such as wells, well tops, etc.
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Procedure — Display data in a 2D window
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A Petrel 2D window can be used as a seismic base map, allowing
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you to display and manipulate seismic lines and other data, such as
wells or interpretations. rn
1. To insert a new 2D window, navigate to Home tab > Insert
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group > Window button > 2D window.
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2. Right-click on the Survey folder and select Settings.
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3. On the Style tab, specify the Base map annotation settings.
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4. Toggle ON the check boxes in the Input pane to display

seismic lines.
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The Settings dialog box for any survey (3D or 2D) has a Style tab. The
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2D line annotation or 3D seismic annotation subtabs control the

display and annotations of 2D lines or 3D seismic cubes in the Survey
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folder.
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If there are no 2D lines in the folder, the tab is grayed out. The tab also
is grayed-out when there is no 3D survey.

Procedure — Use the Inspector tool
The Inspector window offers a quick way to see information about
objects and to visualize setting changes interactively. Controls on
the Inspector dynamically change to fit the type of object you point
to in your display.
1. Open the Inspector from the Home tab.
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2. Select Pick [P] mode.
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3. Click the displayed Seismic. The Inspector dynamically

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changes to fit the object you pick.

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4. Read the general information and statistics.
5. Expand the Colors tab on Inspector and manipulate the color
settings.
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Procedure — Configure the Light tool
Visualization of structural and stratigraphic information is one of the
key elements in an interpretation workflow. Shading or better
illumination is controlled by lightning position, the illumination
model, and the surface reflectance acting as a directional filter.
The Light tool inserts directional lights with variable colors into a
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2D or 3D canvas. You can move the lights by varying both the
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elevation and azimuth.
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1. Open a new 3D window and display a 3D Seismic cube in
it.
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2. Click Light tool in the Lighting group on the Window
contextual tab. A floating Light tool displays in the 3D
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window.
3. Click Add new light from the Light tool dialog box. A See Petrel Help for
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more details about Light
light source is added that sends a directional light from the
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camera position onto the displayed surface.
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Procedure — Tile windows
Tile windows to get a better overview of the seismic data.
Interpretation is updated dynamically among the windows. The
yellow frame indicates the position of the Interpretation window.
1. Open new 3D, 2D, and Interpretation windows. Display
seismic data (for example, an Inline or Xline).
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2. On the Home tab in the View group, click the Window
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layout button menu and click Tiled grid.
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Exercises — Seismic visualization
Visualizing seismic data in 3D allows you to observe details that would
have been lost by looking at it in plane view. Bad data, such as spikes
or mis-ties in seismic interpretations are often immediately obvious. It
is essential to perform visual quality control checks on your data
throughout the modeling process.
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Exercise workflow
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• Visualize seismic in a 3D window.
• Manipulate seismic lines in 3D and 2D windows.
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In these exercises, you work with the predefined project Fundamentals
2014_M5.pet.
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Exercise 1 — Display inlines, crosslines, and random lines
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in a 3D window
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1. Open a new 3D window. On the Home tab in the Insert group,
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click the Window button and select 3D window.

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2. In the Input pane, click the check box next to the Gullfaks.segy
cube in the Survey 1 folder and the inline, xline, and random
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line.
3. In the Window toolbar, click Select [P] mode.
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4. Click the seismic in your display. A new contextual tab is now

available named Seismic.
5. Review the available options.

6. From the contextual tab Seismic in the Create intersection
group, click .
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A new inline appears below the Seismic cube folder.

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The same inline displays.

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select the Top Tarbert surface.
8. If the surface does not display the color template scale, click
Adjust color table on the mini toolbar. You can open the mini
toolbar and context menu with a right-click on the displayed
surface.
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Exercise 2 — Manipulate seismic lines in the base map or
3D window
In this exercise, you manipulate the seismic lines in 2D and 3D
windows.
1. Open a new 2D window. On the Home tab in the Insert group,
click Window and select 2D window.
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Other windows are now in the neighboring tabs; you can
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access them again by activating the tab or from the Windows
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pane.
2. Toggle ON the check box in front of the Survey 1 folder: the
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inline, xline, and random line. The survey outline and the
seismic lines display in the 2D window.
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3. Click Manipulate plane in the Window toolbar to traverse

any inline, crossline, or random line to a desired position in the
2D or 3D window.

4. In the display, click any of the displayed lines (inline, xline,
or random line) and verify in the Input pane that the line is
active (bold).
5. Right-click the displayed inline or xline to open the mini
toolbar and context menu.
6. Click the Intersection player icon on the mini toolbar to
launch the Intersection player.
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7. In the Player, set the Increment to 32 and use the Player
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to traverse the Inline.
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8. Make sure Manipulate plane is active and use PgUp/

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PgDn on the keyboard to traverse the lines.

9. Confirm that the inline numbering in Gullfaks.segy
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changes.
10. Activate the Random line.
11. Set the Increment for the specified line (for example, 32).
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12. Use the Player to traverse the random line. Notice the
speed when traversing the line.
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13. Open a new 3D window and display the outline of the

seismic cube Gullfaks.segy, inline, xline, and random line.
14. Click Manipulate plane and click the random line in
the 3D window to drag it to the preferred location.
15. Hold the Shift key and click the mouse to rotate the random
line in the 3D window using the Manipulate plane tool.

16. Right-click the seismic cube in the Input pane and select
Settings.
17. Toggle ON Show annotations for inline and xline on the
Annotation subtab on the Style tab.
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18. Click OK.

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19. Review the display of the line and time annotation directly
on lines in the 3D window. (If necessary, rotate the view to
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see the annotation.)

20. Open the Inspector from the Home tab.
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21. Click the displayed seismic in Select mode and expand the
Colors tab on the Inspector. On this tab, it is possible to
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edit the color toolbar for the seismic data.

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22. Activate the Red white black color table from the drop-
down menu.
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23. Try to shift the colors on-the-fly using the arrows on the
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color bar.
24. Revert to the Seismic (default) color table when finished.
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Exercise 3 — Post data in an interpretation window
Plot the grid lines (vertical or horizontal) to help in the Interpretation
window. When displayed, grid lines are layered on top of all regular
graphics.
1. Right-click the inline on the Gullfaks.segy survey in the 3D
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window and from the context menu, select Create
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interpretation window.
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2. Expand the Interpretation window.... folder and the

Interpretation 1 subfolder in the Windows pane.
3. Select the Grid lines check box.

4. Change the appearance of the grid.
a. Right-click Grid lines and select Settings.
b. Click the Style tab.
c. Select to display the Horizontal Lines.
d. Change the Color to blue. 
e. Change the Line width to 2.
f. Intervals between each grid line can be set as project
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units; choose 50 ms.
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g. Click OK.
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5. Using the Inspector, change the color template from the

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Seismic (default) to Red white blue template.

6. Click Flip the color table .
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7. Use the handles in the outer rim of the color bar to compress
the colors.
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8. Right-click the Seismic and switch among the display options

from the mini toolbar (by pressing the Show wiggle only
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several times):
Show wiggle only
Show wiggle and bitmap
Show bitmap only.

Exercise 4 — Insert a time slice
1. Open a new 3D window and toggle ON the check box next to
Survey 1 in the Input pane.
2. With the Select [P] mode active, right-click the seismic outline
and from the context menu, select Insert time slice
intersection.
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3. The new time slice, defined as Z under the other seismic lines
in the Input pane, is toggled ON automatically. Toggle ON the
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Inline, Xline, and Random line.

4. Click Manipulate plane and change the position of all
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the planes in the display.

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Exercise 5 — Experiment with the Light tool
Visualization of structural and stratigraphic information is one of the
key elements in an interpretation workflow. In 2D and 3D windows, use
the Light tool to add and manipulate light sources that enhance
geological features.
The Light tool is a pop-up dialog box available in the 2D and 3D
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windows.
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1. Open a new 3D window and display the Top Tarbert surface
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from the Surfaces (Time) folder in the Input pane.
2. Click Light tool on the Lighting group on the Window
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contextual tab. A floating Light tool displays in the 3D
window.
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3. Click Add a new light from the Light tool dialog box. A
light source is added, sending a directional light from the
camera position onto the displayed surface.
After creating the light source, you can alter the angle and
elevation of the light source by pointing shape-based controls
on a semi-circular track wheel for the elevation ranging from
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-90 to 90 and a circular track wheel for the azimuth with a
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range of 0 to 360.
4. Experiment with the light source color bar.
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5. To reset the initial lighting on the displayed surface, click
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Toggle the headlight .

6. To remove the added light, click Remove current light
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Exercise 6 — Tile the windows
In this exercise, the same seismic line is visualized in a 2D window
(base map), in a 3D window, and in an interpretation window.
The windows can be tiled so that all windows are shown in the
Visualization area. In this way, you can see the data and interpretation
interactively in all windows at the same time.
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If you have two monitors, the Petrel main window can be resized to
display on both monitors, allowing you additional screen space for
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display.
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1. The project has three windows open in the background: a 3D
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window, an interpretation window, and a 2D window.
If this is not the case, close or open windows so you have
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three windows. (Hint: In the Windows pane, select only the
check boxes for the three windows). rn
2. From the Home tab > View group, select Window layout >
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Tile grid.
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3. Make sure that the same inline or crossline display in all

windows.
4. Make the Interpretation window active by clicking in the
window.
5. Drag or zoom (rotate the mouse wheel) and observe the
interaction between the windows. Use the player or the
PgUp/PgDn keys to traverse the lines. The same line is moving
in all the open windows.
The part of the seismic displayed in the interpretation window is

highlighted in yellow in the other windows. The seismic display as a
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bold yellow line in the Basemap (2D) window and a bold rectangle in
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the 3D window.
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The rectangle in the 3D window fades away after a few seconds.
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Comments
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Click a window to activate it. If you want to display something in a
window, verify that the window is active in the Windows pane.
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To display only one window, double-click the window name in the
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display area. To close a window, click the Close button.
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The Tile windows option is useful for seismic interpretation,
modeling while interpreting or, in general, to display function windows,
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histograms, and stereonets next to the model or the input data.

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Review questions
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• How many Seismic main folders can you have in a Petrel

project?
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• Name some of the windows where you can plot seismic.

• How can you enhance geological features in your seismic data
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in a 2D or 3D window?
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Summary
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• visualizing seismic data using three Petrel display windows,
such as 3D and 2D, and Interpretation
• manipulating data to highlight and enhance features in the
seismic
• tiling windows to provide a simpler overview of the Petrel
project data.
Module 6 — Make surfaces
process
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In this module, you learn about the Make surface process. You are
given examples of surfaces used in Petrel and the visualization of
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surfaces.
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You also see a short demonstration of the Make polygons process.
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Learning objectives
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After completing this module, you will know about:
• Make polygons process
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• Make surface process and settings
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• surfaces:
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• Stratigraphy surfaces
• Thickness surfaces (map)
• Velocity surfaces.
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• results:
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• how to visualize surfaces

• change style settings.
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Petrel Fundamentals Make surfaces process • 269

Lesson 1 — Surfaces
Surfaces are regular 2D grids and are one of the most commonly used
data types in Petrel (Figure 1). They are created in the Make/edit
surface dialog box or imported from other data.
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Figure 1 Example of surface editing

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Surfaces can be edited interactively or manipulated with the

Operations, Calculations, or Surface calculator. Gridded surfaces are
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stored in the Input pane.

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270 • Make surfaces process Petrel Fundamentals

In Petrel, there are many uses of surfaces (Figure 2):
• Input to:
• Make horizon process
• Make zones process (isochores)
• Make contacts process (as a contact).
• Make simple grid process
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• Make local grids process
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• Make aquifer process
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• Well path design process.
• Assign values directly in property modeling (facies modeling or
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petrophysical modeling).
• 2D trend in data analysis and property modeling
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• Probability map for facies objects
• Surface-defining variation in the size and shape of facies
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objects.
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Figure 2 Different uses of surfaces in Petrel

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Surfaces are used for:
1 Display in 3D window
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2 Volume map (B)

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3 Input to 3D grid

Procedure — Make and edit polygons
The Make/edit polygons dialog box is a useful tool for checking,
adding, and correcting imported line or point data. Before working with
polygons, it is helpful to display an object in the 3D window, which
gives Petrel the necessary XYZ reference points.
You can use a 2D window if you make a boundary for the surface. In
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addition, the Make/edit polygons dialog box can be used to create
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boundaries for aquifers, local grid refinements, and sector models.
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Be certain you have a map displayed in a 2D window.
1. Click Polygon editing in the Utilities group on the
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Stratigraphy domain tab.
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2. From the Tool palette, click Add points to polygon and
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click New polygon .

3. Choose to make a free line or a rectangle. You now can start
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drawing the polygon on the 2D window.

4. Some polygons must be closed. On the Polygon contextual
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tab, click Close polygons or double-click the starting

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Polygons are stored in the Input pane.
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There are many types of polygons. Navigate to Settings > Info tab to
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select the Line type. If you are planning to use this line type as a
boundary, choose Generic Boundary polygon as Line type.
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Polygon or point creation

In Petrel, it is easy to create new polygons and add new lines to
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existing polygons. To add new lines to an existing polygon, the polygon While making the
must be active before you click the Polygon editing icon from the Tool polygon, you can close it by
double-clicking the start
palette.
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point when making the end

point. Click Yes to the Petrel
Many types of polygons (for example, boundary polygons used for
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message to close the

limitation in the Volume calculation) must be closed. A polygon can be polygon.
closed by clicking the Close polygon icon.

Make surface workflow
It is important to remember that there is a distinct difference between a
surface and a horizon in Petrel. Data for a surface is held within a
flat, regular 2D grid, whereas data for a horizon is held in a Petrel 3D
grid. The Make surface process is ideal for gridding all types of data
quickly.
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The Make horizons process is a more complex operation performed
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after pillar gridding to generate geological layers in the 3D model.
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In addition to creating surfaces, you can smooth, blank, and fill grids,
interactively edit grids, and tie a grid to data.
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Procedure — Make a stratigraphic surface
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1. In the Utilities group (Stratigraphy domain tab), click Make
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surface.
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2. Drop input data into Main input (in this example, a seismic
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interpreted horizon).
3. Use a boundary polygon and delete the result surface to avoid
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any overwriting of the previously created surface.

4. Drop in a polygon that describe the geometry of the faults.
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5. Name the new surface.

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6. Use Suggest settings from input or specify the algorithm
on the Algorithm tab.
7. Enter other data:
• Geometry tab: Specify grid size and increment.
• Additional inputs tab: Available for some algorithms.
• Well adjustment tab: Adjust to well tops (markers) in the
same domain (time or depth).
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• Pre proc and Post proc tabs.
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8. Click Apply or OK. The surface is stored in the Input pane.

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The Additional inputs tab supports workflows for making surfaces

using a combination of data types, including 3D and 2D seismic
interpretation, isochore points, zero lines, dummy wells, etc.
Additional inputs are supported by only a limited number of
interpolation algorithms. Each additional input can be set with a
relative weight from 0 to 2. 1 is the weight of the main input, so an
additional input with a weight of 2 has twice as much influence.

Procedure — Make a stratigraphic surface: Grid 3D
seismic line interpretation
This process is an example of gridding 3D seismic line interpretation.
1. Enter the Input data, name the output, and use a boundary if
available.
2. Define the geometry; in this case, a boundary has been used.
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3. Select Seismic Lines (high density) as your Input Type and click
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Suggest method and settings.
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Petrel suggests the settings to be used (on the Algorithm
tab). Use these default settings or define your own. No well
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adjustments or pre- and post-processing have been done.
4. Click OK.
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Isochore point creation
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Isochore points are points that have equal true vertical thickness of
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strata, formations, reservoirs, or other rock units. When creating
isochore points, you are given a list of predefined attributes.
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The attributes relate to thickness:
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• TST (True Stratigraphic Thickness): Thickness between

two layers measured 90 degrees from the layers, equal to the
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Isopach.
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• TVT (True Vertical Thickness): Thickness between two

layers measured vertically, equal to the Isochore.
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• Thickness : Represents the TVD between the well markers.

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For a vertical well or if the layering is horizontal:

Thickness = TVT
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Isopachs and isochores are equivalent only if the rock layer is

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horizontal.

Procedure — Create isochore points
1. Highlight a well top, right-click the next well top, and select
Convert to isochore Points.
2. The new point set is stored in the Input pane. Visualize it in a
3D window.
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3. Right-click the Thickness attribute and select Use as visual
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vertical position. Points now appear as Thickness points in
the 3D window, and Thickness appears in purple in the Input
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pane.
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If the thickness is
negative, open the Settings
dialog box for the new
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points. On the Calculations
tab, click Assign: Z=-Z.
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Procedure — Make a thickness map
An isochore surface can be used as input for the Make zones process
instead of well tops. The Isochore interpolation algorithm is the
preferred algorithm to grid point data with values close to zero.
Use the Make/edit surface dialog box to display Isochore points on a
grid as a surface (thickness map).
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1. Drop the isochore points into Main input.
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2. Select the Thickness attribute from the drop-down list in the
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Attribute field.
3. Click Suggest settings from input and select Isochore
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points/residuals.
4. Set the appropriate geometry on the Geometry tab.
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5. Visualize the new isochore map in the 3D window with the
isochore points.
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Procedure — Create a velocity surface
Velocity surfaces can be created to run in the Velocity modeling
dialog.
1. Use velocity data (points) as input for the process. Select the
point attribute to be used for grids if necessary.
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2. Select the type of input. (This step selects the corresponding
algorithm.)
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3. Input the geometry settings.
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4. Click OK.
5. Review the result in a 3D window.

Procedure — Recover the settings and regenerate a
surface
After a surface has been constructed using the Make/edit surface
dialog, you can update it, taking into account any changes in input data,
boundaries, and trends.
1. Highlight a surface in the Input pane.
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2. Open the Make/edit surface dialog box from the
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3. Drop the highlighted surface into the Result surface field.
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Values for the settings used to create the surface (geometry,
algorithm, and input data) are filled in automatically.
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4. Right-click an edited surface and select Regenerate to update

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the surface automatically.

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Style changes for a surface
When a surface is constructed using the Make/edit surface dialog
box, it can be updated in the same dialog box. The updates can take
into account changes in input data, boundaries, trends, etc. Select
Regenerate from the right-click menu.
To open the Settings dialog box, right-click any surface in the Input
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pane and select Settings.
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There are three tabs that control these settings (Figure 3):
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Contour lines tab Changes the display of the contour lines.
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Solid tab Controls the settings for the filling between
contour lines.
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Grid lines tab Shows the grid lines and controls the display
settings.
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Figure 3 Subtabs on the Style tab of the Settings dialog box

The Style tab of gridded surfaces controls the appearance of the object
in the various windows. You can change the appearance of the
contours, solid fill, and grid lines.
Surface calculations and operations
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The Calculations tab (Figure 4) includes some of the most-used
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operations, such as eliminate inside a polygon, eliminate outside a
polygon, and shift the z-values.
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Figure 4 Calculations tab

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The Operations tab (Figure 5) allows you to perform calculations and
operations on the data. All functions are organized in folders with
descriptive names.
Open the appropriate folder and select a function. A description of the
function displays in the window and, below along with any required
input.
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Figure 5 Operations tab

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Procedure — Apply smoothing to a surface
1. Open the Settings dialog box for an object. (A surface is
shown in the example.)
2. Open the Operations tab.
3. Expand the Surface operations folder and select Smooth.
4. Specify the number of smooth iterations.
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5. Click Run to remove random noise and spikes.
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Procedure — Edit a surface manually
If a surface is made and it contains spikes, there is an alternate
smoothing option; Peak Remover.
1. Select the Pick mode from the mini toolbar and click the
surface.
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2. On the Surface context tab, select Surface editing.
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3. From the Tool palette, click Peak remover.
4. Specify the influence radius in the grid nodes before editing
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the surface.
5. Click directly on the base of the peak to remove it.
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6. Regenerate the contour lines by clicking Refresh contours

from the Editing group in the contextual tab.

Exercises — Make surfaces and polygons
Important icons from the Tool palette are used in these processes:
Add new points
Select and edit/add points
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Start new polygon (N)
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Polygon eraser
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Disconnect polygon
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Use the Fundamentals 2014_M6.pet project for the exercises that
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Exercise workflow rn
1. Create a boundary using the Make/edit polygons dialog.
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2. Configure the Make/edit surface dialog box and settings:
a. Create surfaces .
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b. Stratigraphy surfaces.
3. Edit surfaces and polygons.
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a. Insert Notes.
b. Remove a Spike from a surface.
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c. Apply a general smooth.

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d. Assign Z-values to fault polygons.

4. Results: Visualize surfaces and changing style settings.
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Exercise 1 — Create a (project) boundary

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A boundary can be digitized using the Make/edit polygons dialog box.

Polygons can be digitized in the 2D or 3D window, but it is usually
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easier to create them in the 2D window.

1. Open a 2D window from the Insert group on the Home domain
tab.
2. Display the Top Tarbert 3D seismic lines (in the 3D Seismic
lines folder in the Seismic main folder).
3. Click Polygon editing from the Utilities group on the
4. Click Add points to polygon in the Tool palette.
5. Click the New polygon button.
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6. Digitize a polygon that completely surrounds the interpreted
seismic lines. The new polygon is stored at the bottom of the
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Input pane.
7. After you finish drawing it, double-click to automatically attach
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the last point to the starting point.
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8. If you must edit the polygon, click Polygon editing .
9. Press Ctrl to append points and Ctrl+Shift to insert points.
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If no points are selected, a new polyline is created.
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10. Locate the polygon created in the Input pane. Open the
Settings and go to the Info tab.
11. Define the Line type to be Generic boundary polygon.

12. Rename the polygon My boundary polygon and click
OK.
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Exercise 2 — Create a stratigraphic surface for Top

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Tarbert
Now, you create a surface from previously imported seismic horizons,
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together with the Boundary polygon you created in the previous

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Use the Petrel default settings based on the type and density of the
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input data. Petrel suggests the method and the settings.

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1. Open the Make/edit surface dialog box (Stratigraphy

domain tab > Utilities group).
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2. If there is already a surface under the Result surface area,

click it and press Delete. Click Yes in the Reset dialog box
that opens.
3. Enter the Top Tarbert seismic lines as the Main input:
a. Highlight this seismic horizon in the Input pane (Seismic
folder > 3Dseismic lines- imported seismic horizon
interpretations subfolder)
b. Click the blue arrow to drop it into the dialog box.
4. Drop the boundary polygon you created in the previous
exercise (located near the bottom of the Input pane) into the
Boundary data field in the Make/edit surface dialog box.
5. Name the output Top Tarbert (Time)by clicking the
white box in front of the name field and entering the name.
6. Click the Suggest settings from input icon and a drop-down
menu appears.
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7. Select Seismic lines (high density). Petrel automatically takes
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you to the Algorithm tab and suggests the best algorithm for
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the data. (This option can be changed later.)
8. On the Algorithm tab, use the suggested default settings
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(Convergent interpolation).
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9. On the Geometry tab, toggle ON Automatic (from input

data/boundary) in the Grid size and position area.
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10. Click OK. The surface is stored in the Input pane.
Exercise 3 — Create a stratigraphic surface for Base

cretaceous
1. Open the Make/edit surface dialog box.
2. Remove the output data from the Result surface field by
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selecting it and pressing Delete. Delete the ‘result surface’ to
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prevent overwriting the previously created surface.
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3. In the dialog box that opens, click No.
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4. Use the Base Cretaceous seismic lines as the Main input.
5. Clear the Name check box. The resulting surface has the
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same name as the main input.
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6. Use the settings as defined for the previous surface and click
Apply.
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7. Create a Top Ness surface. First, delete the Base Cretaceous

surface from the result surface section. Click No to the rest the
settings in the dialog and click Apply.
8. (Optional) Add Well tops to the process to tie the surface with
additional data.

9. Make the Top Etive surface using the settings in Step 6. In
addition:
a. Go to the Additional inputs tab, click Append a
column .
c. Drop in the Top Etive (Well tops) (Input pane > Well tops
folder > Stratigraphy subfolder).
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d. Use the TWT auto attribute.
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e. Enter a Weight of 1.2 and click OK.
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10. Quality check the new time grids:

a. Display them in a 3D window.
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b. Click Adjust color table on the Surface contextual

tab to fit the colors relative to the minimum and maximum
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values of the object. Remember: If you open the process

again and you do not reset the settings in the dialog box,
the additional Top Etive Well tops continue to be used.
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11. Select Insert > New folder and name it My Surfaces

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(time).
12. Move the surfaces into the new folder (select all and drag).

Exercise 4 — Edit surfaces and polygons
There is a spike on the Top Tarbert surface that you created using
the Make/edit surface dialog box. Before you edit it, post a note
for your colleagues, making them aware that you intend to remove
the spike later in the project.
1. Insert notes:
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a. Display the Top Tarbert surface in a 3D window.
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b. From the Window toolbar, click New note .
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c. In the active 3D window, click the base of the spike
where you want to geoposition the note.
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d. In the Note editor, enter your note, for example;
This spike has been removed in
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the updated project.
e. Click an icon from the Note type list that Annotate
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displays for your note in the active 3D window (the
Input pane) and the Annotate manager.
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2. Remove a spike from a surface:

a. Display the Top Tarbert surface in a 3D window.
b. Select the Pick mode from the mini toolbar and click
the surface.

c. On the Surface context tab, select Surface editing.
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d From the Tool palette, click Peak remover.
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e. Specify the influence radius in the grid nodes before
editing the surface.
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f. Click anywhere on the peak to remove the spike.
g. To enhance the speed of the Make surface functions,
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contouring is hidden during edit sessions. When the
editing is complete, click Refresh to redraw the
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contour lines.
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3. Apply a general smooth:
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Now you smooth all the grid nodes of a generated surface

to remove random noise and spikes.
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a. Right-click and open the Settings for the Top Tarbert

(time) surface (Input pane > Surfaces(time) folder).
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b. Click the Operations tab and select Smooth under the

Surface operations folder.
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c. Set the number of Iterations to 2.

d. Click Run to perform the two smoothing operations.
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Surface operations include merging surfaces, giving

values to surfaces, eliminating, smoothing, shrinking,
and expanding.
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All of these operations are available for many types of

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input data from the Operations tab in the Settings

dialog box.

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4. Assign Z-values to fault polygons.

When the fault polygons were imported into this project,
they were not assigned Z-values. You now drop them into
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their respective surfaces using an arithmetic operation.

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a. Visualize the Tarbert_before editing fault polygon in a

3D window (Input pane>Fault polygons (time)
folder).
b. Click View all from the mini-toolbar to position the
display in a manner so that both the surface and the
polygons can be seen.
c. Open the settings of the fault polygon and click the
Calculations tab.
d. Select and drop in the associated surface,
Top Tarbert (time), by selecting it in the Input pane and
clicking the blue arrow.
e. Click
f. Repeat the steps for the Ness_before editing and
Etive_before editing fault polygons.
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Make sure you drop in their respective surfaces: Top
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Ness and Top Etive (Input pane > Surfaces(time)
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folder).
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Exercise 5 — Visualize surfaces
1. Open the settings for one of the newly-created surfaces
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and click the Style tab.
2. Verify that a 3D window is open.
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3. Experiment with the three subtabs: Contour lines, Solid,
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and Grid Lines.
4. Toggle ON and OFF various options, including annotations,
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transparency, grid lines, etc.
5. Repeat Step 3 and Step 4 in a 2D window.
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6. In the 2D window, visualize the Top Ness surface, open the

Top Ness settings, go to Style tab > Contour Lines
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subtab.
7. Change the increment (Inc) to 10 and click Apply to see
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the update in the 2D window.

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8. On the Contour lines subtab, click Contour to create

a contour object in the Input pane.
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9. Toggle OFF the Top Ness surface and toggle ON the new
Top Ness (10) contour object.
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Review questions
• What value do polygons bring to the Make surface
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process?
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• Which tool do you use to perform operations on surfaces?

• Name three operations that can be performed on surfaces.
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Summary
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• the Make surface process

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• examples of surfaces used in Petrel and how to visualize

them
• the Make polygons process.

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Module 7 — Make simple
grid
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In this module, you learn about the Simple grid functionality and how to
use surfaces as input. You also learn about the various dialog box
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settings and how to visualize and store a simple grid in the Models
pane.
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Learning objectives
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• use surfaces as input for the dialog settings
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• run the Make simple grid process
• recognize the differences between RE and geological grids
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• visualize the model in the Models pane.
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Petrel Fundamentals Make simple grid • 299

Lesson — Options to build a 3D grid in Petrel
The Make simple grid process is located on the Structural
Modeling domain tab and provides a simple alternative to the Pillar
gridding process for creating 3D grids with no faults.
Creating a simple 3D grid in this manner gives you access to rigorous
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volume calculations using the Volume calculation process without
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the need to run the Pillar gridding and Make horizons processes.
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The Make simple grid process also is useful for generating velocity
grids. This process accepts only surfaces as input (Figure 1).
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Figure 1 Alternative ways of constructing a 3D Grid
1 Make simple grid functionality

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2 Structural framework functionality

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3 Structural gridding functionality

4 Corner point gridding functionality
300 • Make simple grid Petrel Fundamentals

Corner point gridding
Corner point gridding is the classic process for making a structural
model in Petrel. Before Petrel 2010, it was known as Structural
modeling in the Processes pane.
Corner point gridding in Petrel is subdivided into three processes:
Fault modeling, Pillar gridding, and Make horizons. These
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processes allow you to generate faults automatically or manually from
input data, such as fault sticks, fault polygons, and surfaces.
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The resulting fault model consists of key pillars that define the fault
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planes. These key pillars are taken into account when the Pillar
gridding functionality builds pillars throughout the complete grid.
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The pillars are corner points and the framework for 3D cells in the final
3D grid.
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Structural framework
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Petrel Structural framework allows interpretation data to be combined
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to construct a structural model. The Structural framework functionality

solves many of the problems posed by complex fault relationships.
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The process feeds the construction of geocellular models (including

stair-step faults) to handle complex geometries. These tools reduce the
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time to model and improve the quality of geocellular grids.

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The Structural gridding process enables you to construct corner

point grids from the Petrel Structural framework without using Pillar
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gridding workflows.
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Simple grid
The Simple Grid process allows you to create a simple 3D grid with
no faults (Figure 2).
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Figure 2 3D grid constructed using the Simple grid functionality
The Simple Grid process generates vertical pillars, so all cell
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geometry is defined in a straight 90-degree angle. It provides an
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alternative to Pillar gridding without the need to go through the
Fault modeling, Pillar gridding, and Make horizons
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processes.
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Creating a simple 3D grid in this manner gives you access to a quick

evaluation of your volumes in place. It also can be used to generate a
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velocity grid or a stratigraphic overview grid or a simulation grid.

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The functionality can be stated in a simple workflow (Figure 3):

1. Surfaces input data.
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2. Make simple grid functionality.

3. Make zones functionality.
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4. Layering functionality.
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Figure 3 Standard workflow for constructing a simple grid

When the Simple Grid process is complete, a Simple grid folder is
stored in the Models pane. The Simple grid folder structure is
predefined and contains folders for the horizons, edges, intersections,
skeleton, properties and filters.
The faults folder is always empty because the Simple Grid process
does not include faults input.
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Procedure — Make a simple grid
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1. Select the Geology to Geophysics Perspective on the
Home tab.
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2. On the Structural Modeling domain tab, select Simple grid.
3. Select to generate a Skeleton only or use surfaces as input.
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4. Select the geometry settings for the new grid and click OK.
The grid is stored in the Models pane.
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Procedure — Visualize a simple grid
After you generate the grid, visualize it in a 3D window. Use the
intersections, review statistics, Z values, nodes, and layers (if layering
was applied).
1. Open a new 3D window on the Home tab or from the Quick
access toolbar.
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2. In the Models pane, open the Simple grid folder and
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subfolders and toggle ON Horizons and Edges.
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3. Right-click the Intersections folder and select Insert random

line.
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4. Display and adjust the plane using the tools under

Intersection on the Contextual Object tab.
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5. Click Toggle Visualize on intersection in the Windows
toolbar.
6. Toggle ON horizons and edges on the intersection.
7. Open the Settings dialog box for the General intersection.
8. On the 3D grid settings subtab, toggle ON the option to
visualize grid lines on the plane.
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Procedure — Layering
The Layering functionality enables you to define the final vertical
resolution of the grid by setting the cell thickness or the number of
desired cell layers.
1. Ensure your new Simple grid is active in the Models pane
and open the Layering dialog under the Structural
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Modeling domain tab. The zones of the grid are now available
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in the process.
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2. Edit the settings for each zone and click OK.
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3. Visualize edges and horizons of the grid. Notice that, after the
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Layering functionality has been run, vertical resolution of the

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grid is changed.

Geological vs. simulation grid
Preserving small features from well logs and seismic data is significant
for a geological grid. These grids are designed to preserve the
heterogeneity of the reservoir by subdividing it on a fine scale vertically,
while retaining the XY representation of grid cells as small as possible.
A geological grid often has several million cells. For the final volume
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calculation, try to honor the faults during the 3D gridding process by
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choosing the most appropriate fault geometries. The simulation grid
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must have grid cell geometries that conform to the requirements of the
specific flow simulator use.
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Using zigzag type faults is one option to keep the grid cells as
orthogonal as possible. The size of simulation grid is usually about
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50,000 cells, depending on the flow simulator and the hardware used
for the simulation.
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Going from geological grid to a simulation grid requires more or less
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radical homogenization of property values, and these values also must
be taken into account. Fault geometries often require simplification.
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Figure 4 shows an example of a facies model in a fluvial system. The
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original model (left), created by the Geologist, does not allow for flow
between well C1 and well C7.
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Figure 4 Example of a facies model in a fluvial system

Assuming that the wells actually show communication based on
observed production, the engineer could do a simple modification in the
model to make flow possible, for example, by altering the permeability
property model.
This type of change is not likely to represent real geological features,
so the modified model cannot be said to have predictive power.
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However, returning the model to the geologist provides an opportunity
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to recognize that the channel direction was wrong in the first model.
The geologist can update the model in a way that captures the structure
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of the reservoir.
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This type of workflow is easily implemented in an asset team sharing a
software tool.
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Collaboration and communication
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An integrated environment improves communication between the
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geologist and the reservoir engineer, and allows for geological
modification, such as changing the channel direction (Figure 5).
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Figure 5 Integrated environment facilitating collaboration and allowing for a

better grid result

Exercise — Run the simple grid functionality
There are two important icons used here:
Append item in table

Select/Pick mode
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Exercise workflow
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• Use surfaces as input in the Simple grid dialog box.
• Run the Simple gridding process.
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• On the Models pane, visualize the model.
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In this exercise, you use previously generated surfaces as input to
subdivide the grid. This exercise decides the vertical resolution of a
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1. Open the project Fundamental M7_2014.pet.
2. Review the Input pane; it contains all data necessary to start
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modeling the 3D grid.

3. Click Simple Grid on the Structural Modeling domain tab.
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4. Select Create new and rename the resulting grid to

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Simple grid.
5. On the Input data tab, select Insert surfaces instead of
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Skeleton only.
6. Locate the folder named Surfaces (Time) in the Input pane
and expand it.
7. Highlight the Base Cretaceous surface and click Append item
in the table in the Simple Grid dialog box.
This step drops in the Base Cretaceous surface to be used as
input for building the horizon in the simple grid.
8. Repeat Step 7 for Top Tarbert, Top Ness, and Top Etive
surfaces.
9. Click Base Cretaceous in the Make simple grid dialog
box and change the Horizon type in the lower part of the
dialog box from Conformable to Erosonial. Leave the other
horizon types to Conformable.
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10. Select the polygon object named Project Boundary in the
Input pane and click the blue arrow in the Boundary
field in the Simple Grid dialog box.
11. Click the Geometry tab and select the option Automatic
(from input data/boundary).
12. Leave the Grid increment set to 50 x 50 project units.
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13. Click OK to generate the grid.
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The new model is stored in the Models pane under the

active model folder.
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14. Click on the Clear display icon from the Window
toolbar and expand the folders to get an overview of the
result of the Simple grid process.
15. Toggle ON the Base Cretaceous horizon and the Top Etive
horizon in a 3D window, together with the edges.
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16. Open the settings for the Horizon folder and click the
Style tab > Grid lines subtab.
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17. Select the Show check box to show grid lines and click
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OK.
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18. Open the settings for the Edges and select the visualization
of pillars.

19. Click the Edges and intersections style tab > Lines tab
and select the Show check box under Pillars.
20. Click OK.
21. Review the changes in the 3D window.
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Review questions
• Where is the Simple grid functionality located?
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• What are the main differences between a Geological and

Simulation grid?
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• What tool do you use to manage notes?

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Summary
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• simple a grids
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• the differences between a geological and simulation grid.

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Module 8 — Geometrical
modeling
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This module shows you how to create Geometrical properties and
configure Geometrical modeling methods. You learn how to create bulk
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volume, well, and zone indexes and how to visualize cell geometry.
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The discussion includes many property filter options, such as IJK filters,
an index filter, and a value filter. For example, you see how to use a bulk
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volume to search for negative cells.
You use a 1D filter (to search, for example, the non-orthogonal cells) as
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well as filters for 3D grids.
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Learning objectives
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After completing this module, you will know about:
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• geometrical properties
• geometrical modeling methods
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• bulk volumes
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• well index
• cell geometry
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• property filter options.

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Petrel Fundamentals Geometrical modeling • 315

Lesson — Geometrical modeling
With the Geometrical modeling process, you can use predefined
functions to generate 3D grid properties, such as Bulk volume, Depth,
and Height above Contact. Each cell is assigned a numerical value.
These generated properties are a good quality control for the grid
geometry, such as cell angle and bulk volume. They can be important in
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volume calculations and in mathematical operations between
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petrophysical properties, for example when generating above contact
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for the Sw property.
This tool also allows you to sample existing data into the 3D grid (apart
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from the logs, which must be upscaled).
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To generate a property in the Geometrical modeling process, open
the process and select the type of property to create.
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Several Geometrical modeling methods are available.
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Bulk volume QC the negative cells of the 3D grid.
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Cell angle QC the orthogonality of the cells in the 3D
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grid.
Zone and segment QC the modeled grid for both zone and
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index segment.
Well index QC 3D cells penetrated by the well
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trajectory.
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Above contact Used in SW calculations.

Seismic resampling Resamples the seismic into the 3D cells
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316 • Geometrical modeling Petrel Fundamentals

Bulk volume
The Bulk volume Geometrical modeling method is used to QC the
negative cells of a 3D grid.
Figure 1 shows for an example of the Bulk volume property in a 2D
window.
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Figure 1 Bulk volume property
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The colors - yellow, purple, and blue - in the list of methods represent
the type of property (Figure 2). The methods in blue generate properties
with a discrete template, the methods in purple generate property using
a continuous template, and the methods in yellow allow discrete or
continuous template.
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Figure 2 Geometrical modeling options

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Cell angle property
The Cell angle Geometrical modeling method (Figure 3) is used to QC
the orthogonality of the cells in the 3D grid (Figure 4).
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Figure 4 Cell angle property

Well index
The Well index Geometrical modeling method is used to QC 3D cells
penetrated by the well trajectory (Figure 5). The cells can be used later
to alter properties in these specific cells (skin/permeability) or apply
filters (Figure 6).
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Figure 5 Select the Well index method
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Figure 6 Display the Well index property

Property player
The Players are located on the Home domain tab. The property player
can be accessed from the drop-down list.
Use the player by choosing a direction: I, J, or K slice. The I and J icons
play through the model in the I or J direction, which gives a vertical
section of the property model. The K icon plays through the 3D property
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layer by layer. Then you can use the slide bar to go through the model
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(Figure 7).
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The player is a good tool for quality control because you can inspect the
result in all directions. It is useful to inspect the area around each well
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to see how the properties are distributed close to the well positions and
how they match the original well logs.
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Figure 7 Property player

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Property filter
The Property filter can be accessed either from the Properties folder >
Settings > Filter tab under the generated 3D grid (Figure 8), or by
clicking the Property Filter button in the Grid property contextual tab
(after clicking the grid in a 2D/3D window).
There are three types of filters:
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1 Index filter Skips a user-defined number of cells in the IJK
direction. It is useful for viewing a fence diagram.
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2 Value filter Applies a cut-off between selected values of the
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property.
3 I-J-K filter Filters a row of cells in the I/J direction and K
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direction. With this filter, there is a Property player
that is useful for QC of the grid.
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Figure 8 Property filters in the Filter tab of the Settings dialog box
Index filter
This filter allows you to filter on I, J, or K indexes. It is useful for
visualization because you can observe the model in three directions.
It also allows you to filter on a part of the 3D model, then use different
modeling settings for the unfiltered parts. After modeling, you can reset
the filter.
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The final model consists of two parts where different settings were
used. For upscaled cells, there is a drop-down menu with these options:
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Always Include Always includes the upscaled cell (value from
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upscaled log) even when filter is used. This option
must be used with care because it affects
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histograms, etc.
Exclude Always excludes the upscaled cells.
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As normal cells Follows filtering options and treats the upscaled
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cells as the property itself.
Only Excludes everything but the upscaled cells.
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Special 1 Filters out one cell layer around the well. Special
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1 is good for viewing inside the property in 3D.

Special 2 Filters out two cell layers around the well. This
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also is good for viewing inside the property in 3D.

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Value filter
This object filters on specified values for one or more properties. If the
value filter is used, the filtered property turns pink in Models pane >
Properties.
To check for negative volumes, set the Max value to zero in the Value
filter. All negative cells are shown, such as a bad pillar gridding.
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In Figure 9, the pillars of the middle cell have been twisted, which can
happen with complex structures and requires you to go back to the
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Faults usually cause
negative cells. Perform a Pillar gridding process and fix the grid.
quality control of the grid,
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the fault model, and the You can add trends, set faults as inactive, etc. The program sets
pillar grid.
negative volumes to zero and reports a warning.
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Figure 9 Example of twisted cells

Procedure — Create a geometrical property and apply a
Value filter
1. Open the Geometrical modeling dialog box from the
Property modeling domain tab in the Property modeling
group.
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2. Choose Cell volume as Method with a Bulk volume property
template in the Geometrical modeling dialog box and click
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OK.
3. Open the Settings for the Properties folder and click the
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Filter tab.
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4. Toggle ON Use value filter.

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5. Highlight the Bulk volume property and use the filter. Enter 0
for the Max value.
Procedure — Create a 1D filter
1D filters are based on a single attribute, such as cell angle.
1. Right-click on the property and select Create 1D filters.
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2. Use the sliders to specify the values you want to filter from the
Definition tab. When you click OK, the filter is stored in the
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Filter folder on the Input pane.

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3. Toggle ON the filter and view the filtered property in the 3D
window.
1D filters can be interactively defined in a Function window or
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Histogram window (Figure 10).
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Figure 10 Display a 1D filter

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Cell angle
Cell angle can be used to identify non-orthogonal cells. The values
calculated are angles representing the maximum deviation from 90
degrees at each corner. Typically, these distorted cells align along
faults. As a rule, deviations less than 15 are suitable for simulation;
higher values can result in errors.

Visual filters for the 3D grid
There are three filtering options for the 3D grid that can be combined or
applied separately (Figure 11).
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Figure 11 Filtering options for the 3D grid
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Fault filter After generating horizons and zones, it helps display
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only the faults related to a zone to see the offsets on
faults.
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Zone filter After generating horizons and zones, filter the zones.
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Segment After generating the grid, it helps to display the

filter horizons or properties within the areas closed by faults,
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grid boundaries, segment boundaries, or a combination.

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There are several ways of quality checking a generated property model.

The Property player, Filter function, and the General intersection are
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excellent quality control tools. For improved performance, switch off

some of the segments or zones from the Segment filter or the Zone
filter.
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The Histogram and Statistics tabs also are tools for improving quality
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control. Both the Histogram and Statistics tabs are filter-sensitive

relative to zones and segments. The calculator for making property
models also is filter-sensitive.

Exercises — Geometrical property modeling
In the exercises that follow, you create several Geometrical property
models using predefined system variables, such as Cell angle and Bulk
volume.
Each cell is assigned a numerical value corresponding to the selected
system variable. These properties can be important in volume
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calculations and in mathematical operations between petrophysical
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properties.
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Exercise workflow
1. Create a bulk volume and apply a Value filter.
2. Create a cell angle and apply a 1D filter.
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3. Create a well index property.
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Exercise 1 — Create bulk volume (Check gross rock
volume and volume per cell)
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Use the Geometrical modeling dialog box to make a Cell volume
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property attached to a Bulk volume template.

Activate the 3D grid named Simple grid in your project or open the
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premade project Fundamentals 2014_M8.pet.

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1. Navigate to Property modeling domain tab > Property

modeling group folder and click Geometrical modeling.
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2. Select Cell volume as Method.

3. Click Apply to generate it.
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The Bulk volume property is now stored in the Properties

folder in the Models pane, under Simple grid model.
4. View the Bulk volume property in a 3D window.

5. Check the Statistics tab for the Bulk volume property by
opening the Settings dialog box and click the Statistics tab.
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Exercise 2 — Apply a value filter to a property
1. In the Models pane, under Simple grid model, go to the
Properties folder and double-click.
2. Open the Settings dialog box and click the Filter tab.
3. Make sure the Use value filter check box is selected.
4. Highlight the Bulk volume property.
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5. Select the Use filter check box.
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6. On the Color bar, filter for the lower values.
7. Enter Max: 7,000 to the highest Max value existing in your
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property.
8. Click Apply and visualize the low volumes in your model.
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If your model has negative cell volumes, this filter can be used
to visualize and point out these cells.
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9. Deactivate the filter
a. Click the Reset all filters icon at the bottom of the
Filter tab in the Settings dialog for the Properties
folder.
b. Click Apply.
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Exercise 3 — Grid quality check: Create a cell angle
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property
1. In the Geometrical modeling dialog, select Create
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new.
2. From the drop-down menu, choose the Cell angle method.
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3. Accept the default property template. The Cell angle

property gives the deviation of the angles in each cell away
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from 90 degrees.
4. Select the type of angle and cell plane, as shown in the
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figure, and click Apply.

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5. Display the Cell angle property in a 3D window.
6. Right-click on the property in the 3D window and click
Adjust color table .
7. Create a value filter: Right-click the Cell angle property
and select Create 1D filter .
8. On the Definition tab, specify the angles to be filtered.
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Use a minimum value of 20.
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Remember that
values above 20 degrees
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deviation from orthogonal
can be bad for simulation.
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9. Click OK so the filter is created and stored in the Filters

folder in the Input pane.
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10. Toggle the filter ON and OFF while the cell angle property is
visualized. Review the results. Are there any non-
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orthogonal cells?
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Exercise 4 — Filter with the Property player
The Property player can display each layer, row, or column,
step-by-step or by animation. It is used as an automatic index filter,
making it convenient to browse through your results.
1. Toggle off the 1D filter, display the Bulk volume property in
a 3D window, and click it using the Pick mode .
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2. Right-click on the property and click Property player from
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the mini toolbar.
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3. In the pop-up window, select I as the slice direction.
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4. From the mini toolbar, click Show/hide grid lines .

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5. Use the slide bar to visualize different I layers.

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6. Click the I radio button to deactivate the filter.

7. Repeat Step 2 through Step 5 to filter the property in the J
and K directions and then deselect any Slice direction to
remove the filter.

Exercise 5 — Create a well and zone index property
The Well index property is useful for evaluating property values
linked to wells. It generates a discrete property, assigning a value to
all the cells penetrated by each well in the active 3D grid.
For example, it can be used to filter and study other properties by
well.
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1. From the Input pane, visualize the A, B, and C wells in a 3D
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window.
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2. In the Geometrical modeling dialog box, select Create
new property.
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3. Select the Well index method.
4. Select the Use visible wells only check box and click
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OK.
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5. Visualize the Well Index for the Wells property in a 3D

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window (under Properties in the Simple grid folder.).

6. Double-click the Properties folder and click the Filter tab.
7. Select the Well Index property and select the Use filter
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check box.
8. Clear all wells (by clicking None) except for A10 and click
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Apply.
9. Keep the Settings dialog for the Properties folder open.
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Double-click to open the settings for the Cell angle

property.
10. On the Histogram tab, click Show histogram for filtered
cells only .

11. On the Filter tab, in the Settings for the Properties folder,
clear A10 and select A15.
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12. Click Apply.

13. Visualize the results on the Histogram tab in the Settings
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dialog for the Cell angle property.

14. Click Reset all filters in the Settings for Properties
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dialog and click OK.

15. Create a Zone index:
a. Reopen the Geometrical modeling dialog box.
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b. Select Zone Index as method and click OK.

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d. Toggle ON the Zone index property from the Simple

grid properties folder.
e. Display the property in a 3D window to visualize your
zones.

Review questions
• What are some uses for Geometric properties?
• What are the different types of property filters? Give
examples of how you would use them.
Summary
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• creating geometrical properties
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• using geometrical modeling methods
• creating bulk volume
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• configuring a well index
• applying cell geometry
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• using various property filter options.
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Module 9 — Plotting
In this module, you learn how to set up the Map window and the Plot
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window.
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Learning objectives
After completing this module, you will know how to perform many tasks
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in the Map window and the Plot window:
• create labels
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• change the order in which objects display in the Map window
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• apply surface transparency
• create and manipulate annotations (insert text and edit text
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styles, etc.)
• create screen captures
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• print scaled plots.
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Lesson 1 — Windows pane

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All windows in Petrel can be opened from the Window menu in the
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Insert group on the Home tab. All windows display in the Windows
pane.
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After they are opened once, they can be closed and reopened at any
time by selecting the check box and ensuring the window is activated.
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Clearing the check box releases windows from memory, but data in the
window is stored.
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The Map, Histogram, Function, Intersection, Stereonet, Well

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section, and Charting windows also are referred to as Viewports and

can be arranged in a plot window.
Settings related to the windows - Info box, Symbol legend, Scale box,
Header, and Frame - can be toggled ON and OFF from the Windows
pane. All the settings have settings dialog boxes with a Style tab and,
in some cases, an Info tab.
Petrel Fundamentals Plotting • 339

Windows pane navigation
There are several functions and behaviors that are common to all
windows.
All display windows are saved in the Windows pane.
Windows are toggled ON and OFF by checking or clearing the box next
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to the window name (1).
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In the Windows pane, settings (such as Axis, Compass, and Scale bar)
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can be toggled ON and OFF for each window. Use the shortcut icons in
the Window contextual tab or Window toolbar (2).
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A window exists in the Windows pane until it is physically deleted. To
Windows can be remove a window, right-click and select Delete (3).
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copied from a Reference
project and can serve as
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Master templates for all
projects.
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Map window
The Map window is opened from the Insert group on the Home domain
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tab. This window is used to generate scaled plots of anything that can
be displayed in a plane view - horizontal or X-Y plane.
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In a Map window, you can visualize all items in the Petrel Explorer
panes that have a check box next to their names or folders. The
available sizes for the selected print device are selected using the
Show paper and margin settings dialog box from the Window
toolbar.
340 • Plotting Petrel Fundamentals

Procedure — Make scaled maps: Map window
When the Map window is active, only items suitable for XY-mapping
are active in the panes. These items can be selected or cleared. When
displaying several data objects at the same time, Petrel uses a layer
hierarchy.
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1. Open a new Map window.
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2. To display in the required pane, select the data..
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Almost any type of data stored in the Input pane can be
visualized in the Map view and plotted. This plot also can be
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visualized in the Models pane. The only objects that cannot be
used are the fault model (key pillars) and the I- and
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J-intersections.
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3. Filter the input when necessary.

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4. The Map settings are stored and controlled in the Windows
pane.
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The figure shows a typical Map window display.
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Procedure — Display properties in a Map window
In the Settings > Style tab for Properties, you can shift between
K-layers. Scroll by using the arrows or enter a specific K-index to be
displayed. To update the plot click Apply/OK.
1. Toggle ON a property in the Models pane and open the
Settings of the Properties folder.
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2. On the Style tab, select the layer to show in mapping.
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3. Use the cursors to page up or down in the K layers.
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Log signatures
A Log signature is a small Well section window that contains data
from one well and is displayed close to the well in the map view. The
selected Well section template controls well data displayed in Log
signature, including its style,
You can have several Log signatures but they must have unique names.
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Select the Well section template, defining the display of the logs (you
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must create it before you can use it here).
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You can limit the wells to which the Log signatures are applied by
selecting Saved searches and a search type from the list.
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The layout and display of the Log signatures can be defined relative to
the well path, top/base of displayed depth interval.
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It also is possible to define a set of wells that have Log signatures
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attached, or you can define different signatures and quickly switch
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Procedure — Add log signatures
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1. Open a Map window. From the main Wells folder (Input

pane), open the Settings.
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2. On the Style tab, click the Log signatures tab.

3. Add a new Log signature.
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4. Drop in the Well section template from the Templates pane. It

defines logs to be displayed and their style.
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The image in the figure is an example of a Map window with Log
signatures.
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Well labels: Well label settings

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The Well labeling dialog box allows you to post well information in
the Map window and control the positioning and appearance of the
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labels.
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You can have multiple labels, each corresponding to wells specified by

saved searches. You can post well and well top attributes (for example,
name and symbol) as well as pie charts and log signatures.
The upper dialog box allows you to rename existing labels or add and
delete labels. To insert a log signature or insert the log signature
independently, use Well labels using the appropriate tab in the Wells
setting dialog box.

Procedure — Set well labels
1. Right-click the Wells folder and select Labeling settings.
2. Add as many labels as needed. A list of the labels for the
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current Wells folder displays.
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3. Choose to filter wells.
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4. Preview the layout: To drag or stretch/squeeze, modify the cell

size or change positions; use the cursor.
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Procedure — Add content to well labels
Here, you add cells, such as well symbol or log signature.
1. Click the Add button and choose from the drop-down menu:
• Label
• Pie chart
• Log signature
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For the log signature, drop in a Well section template
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before you can switch to another cell and continue
labeling.
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2. To create your desired layout, rearrange the cells.
Use the additional options on the Content tab, which vary
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depending on the type of content being edited.

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Layering
You can control the order in which objects are visualized in the Map
window by using the Layering tab in the settings of the Map under
Objects are drawn Map window in the Windows pane. All of the objects displayed in the
from bottom to top.
viewport are listed.
To change the order, click the arrow buttons to drag an object up or
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down the list.
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Petrel preserves the drawing order for object types, which means that
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lines and points (including text) are always drawn on top of all other
objects. Even if you move wells to the bottom of the list, they are
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visualized.
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Figure 1 Example of Layering in the Map window

Procedure — Change the order of the layering
1. Navigate to the Map viewport settings > Layering tab. A

list of all objects visualized in the viewport is displayed.
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2. Objects are drawn from bottom to top. To change the order,
select an object and move it up or down by clicking the arrow
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buttons.
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Style for gridded surfaces
There are several styles that can be changed in a Map window,
including Contour lines, Solid appearance, and Grid lines. You also can
change the Contouring method, and there are two options.
Classic Traditional Petrel algorithm.
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Good for fast screen quality visualization and it is
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compatible with older Petrel version objects
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Enhanced Supports more detail and faulted 2D grids. A
Refinement can be specified and a Fault polygon set can
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be dropped in.
This method refines the cells of the underlying grid (1=
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no refinement; 2=divides the cell in 2x2).
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Procedure — Configure surface settings
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1. Open the Settings for the Surface > Style tab > Solid
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subtab.
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2. Specify the percentage Transparency.

3. Change the style for Contour or Grid lines if needed.
4. To configure the method for creating contours, use the options
on the Contouring method tab.

The image in the figure is an example of a configured surface
transparency display.
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Procedure — Display your own text: Annotations
By using the Annotations functionality, you can create and display your
own text in any 2D or 3D window, including the Map window. You also
can show the name of the segments, the faults, or the horizon
displayed.
The text can be rotated and you can drag it anywhere you like, and you
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Only one annotation can edit the text styles.
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object is allowed per project.
1. While the Input pane is active, insert new annotations from
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Home tab > Insert group > Object > New annotations.
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2. Open the Settings.
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3. Append a row and click Multiple drop.

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4. Drop in an annotation by clicking the blue arrow (for

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example, a segment from the Segment filter).

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5. (Optional) Specify the orientation (angles) instead of
manipulating the annotations interactively in the Map
window.
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Procedure — Display the results
1. Click the Style tab for Annotations.

a. Select an Annotation type.
b. Set a Style and click Apply.
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2. On the Settings tab, specify the text style for each row under
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the Text style column and click Apply.

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3. View the new text style and rotate the text in the Map
window.
4. Activate the Select/pick mode and press Shift.

Plot window
Each plot window can contain several viewports. Viewports are the
subwindows displayed in a plot window, and each can contain Remember: You can
associated objects, such as a scale or a legend. A red border indicates insert viewports into all
standard windows (Map,
the active viewport. You can activate another viewport by clicking a Intersection, etc.).
new selection, or inserting a new viewport.
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Different types of viewport have different tools available. When
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switching among these tools, the window toolbar changes. When a
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viewport is active, the items that can be displayed has a check box in
Petrel Explorer panes. Toggling ON the check box displays the item in
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the viewport.
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Procedure — Create a Montage plot
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1. Click Plot window.
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2. Insert the new viewport from the Layout Window > Viewport
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group > New object.

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3. Choose items to display in each viewport. Activate the
viewport in the Windows pane or interactively in the Plot
window.
When a viewport is active, it is bold in the Windows pane and
has a red frame in the Plot window.
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Procedure — Configure settings in the Plot window
After several viewports have been inserted, you can move them around
(using the Select/Pick mode). They are inserted by selecting a new
viewport and manually drawing in the empty Plot window. It is
important to arrange the viewports properly.
1. Go to the Settings for the Plot window stored in the
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Windows pane.
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2. To specify columns and rows, and how many of each, use the
Setup multiple viewports tab. You can set either Automatic
or Specify.
3. Click the Setup viewports button and view the changes in
the Plot window.

4. Change the setting for each viewport.
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Well section viewport
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The master Well section window must be created before you can use
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it as a Well section viewport. The master window is linked statically.
Renew the link every time you edit the original master Well section
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window:
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Highlight it in the Windows pane and bring it back by clicking the blue
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arrow every time you want to update it.

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Procedure — Update the Well section viewport
1. Insert a New well section viewport.
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2. Open the Settings for the Well section viewport from the
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Windows pane.
3. In the Windows pane, select a premade well section, and
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click the blue arrow to insert it into the Viewport settings.

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4. Click Update.
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Screen captures: EMF and bitmap formats
You can capture the image of a Display window in bitmap (BMP) format,
or create and export enhanced Windows metafile (EMF) files.
To make a copy of the graphics in the active Plot window, click Copy
metafile to make a copy and place it on the clipboard. The output is a
vector file in .wmf format.
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There are several ways of editing the images. You can crop, resize, and
change colors using PowerPoint as well as other applications and
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graphics tools.
Export graphic can
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be used to export the view For example, Microsoft Paint and the Snipping Tool are provided with
directly as an EMF file. the Windows 7 operating system (Programs > Accessories in the
Graphics exported as EMF
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files can be run in the
Start menu).
Workflow editor.
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Procedure — Capture an image in EMF and bitmap
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formats
1. To produce a bitmap image that is temporarily saved to the
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Windows clipboard, select Copy bitmap from Home tab >
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Clipboard group > Bitmap.

2. Open PowerPoint or Microsoft Word and select Paste from the
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toolbar menu (into a blank presentation or new document).

3. (Optional) Paste in the Input pane and use it as an additional
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display in other windows (Home tab > Clipboard group >

Bitmap).
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4. With the Select mode active, resize the image and choose its
layout.
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Procedure — Define a printer
You can define an independent printer in each plot window.
1. Click Show paper and margins settings from the Window
When a printer is toolbar.
selected, the system tries to
match the plot size with the
available paper sizes and
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warns you if this is not
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possible. 2. Set up a plot size, independent of the currently selected or
available printers.
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3. Click Apply to add the settings. Each plot owns its own size
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Verify that the latest and printer with associated paper.

drivers for the printer are
installed.

Paper setup
Plot size, plot orientation, and plot margins are set on the Setup paper
tab found in the settings of the dialog box (Figure 2). These settings
define the plot size area for the data displayed in the Well section
window.
Setting the plot size is separate from setting the paper size. The plot
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size defines the dimensions of the plot you would like to send to
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hardcopy.
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The Plot size standard options list common paper sizes, but you also can
set a custom plot size by activating the Custom button.
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Separately, the paper size can be chosen at the bottom of this window
into the printer settings or directly in the Print settings when you are
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ready to send your plot to a hardcopy.
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Setting the paper size in this dialog allows this Well section window
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Margins
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The gray area indicates which parts of the Well section window are
not printed.
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Figure 2 Using the Setup tab to set plot margins

Printing
APS printing options offer improved options for Page scaling (fit to
page, for example), Orientation (portrait and landscape), Roll plotter
support and improvements to quality, memory handling and
performance (Figure 3).
There are printer dialog options for many formats:
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• Page scaling
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• Orientation
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• Roll plotter support
• Improvements to quality
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• Generating PDF
• Generating CGM.
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The Print dialog box exports directly in PDF and CGM formats.
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Figure 3 Petrel printing dialog box

Exercises — Plotting
There is always a need for easy data reporting. Scale plots interactively
by zooming the view or with a user-defined scale (horizontal or vertical).
In addition to making scaled plots, it also is worth mentioning that it is
possible to capture a screenshot of any view in Petrel at any time. A
screen shot can be pasted into other Windows applications, such as
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Word and PowerPoint.
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The easiest way to make a screenshot is to press PrintScreen, then
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open PowerPoint (for example) and paste the picture by pressing Ctrl+V.
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These icons are used in the exercises that follow:
Set home scale
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Fit to width
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Fit to height
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New object
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The ways you can generate displays and apply plotting techniques are
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described in the exercises that follow.

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Exercise workflow
1. Open the Map window.
2. Create well labels.
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3. Configure layering control and surface transparency.

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4. Display annotations.
5. Capture screen displays.
6. Montage plots.

Map window
The Map window is opened from the Insert group on the Home domain
tab. In a Map window, you can visualize all items in the Petrel Explorer
panes that have a check box next to their names or folders.
The available sizes are set using the Show paper and margin
settings dialog box from the Window toolbar.
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Exercise 1 — Define a map for plotting
In this exercise, you display a horizon with faults and wells. To toggle
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features ON or OFF, such as axis, info box, or legend, use the icons in
the Window toolbar.
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1. Open the Fundamentals 2014_M9.pet project.
2. Open a new Map window from the Insert group > Window
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on the Home tab.
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3. Display the Top Tarbert horizon from the Horizons folder by

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navigating to Gullfaks fault model > 3D Grid (depth)

(Velocity Model) in the Models pane.
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A set of map icons display in the window toolbar.

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4. Zoom and pan the map (hold down Shift+Ctrl and click the
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mouse).
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5. Observe that the scale changes.
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6. Display well tops on the map:

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a. Expand the Well Tops folder in the Input pane. 

b. Within the Well Tops folder, expand the Attributes folder.
Be sure that only the attribute Well is selected.
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c. Expand the Stratigraphy folder.

d. Select only the check box next to the T_Tarbert well top.
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e. Select the check box next to the Well Tops folder.

f. If you think the well name and symbol is not properly sized,
double-click the Well Tops folder, click the Style tab, and
check the Symbol radio button.
Increase the size of the symbol or the font size in the
number annotation.

7. Display faults on the map:
a. Expand the Fault Filter folder in the 3D grid in the Models
pane.
b. Toggle OFF all faults except Top Tarbert.
c. Select the check box next to the Faults folder in the
Models pane. Only the faults that cut the Top Tarbert
horizon are displayed.
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d. Double-click the Faults folder.
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e. On the Solid tab, select to show the faults As fault under
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the Color options.
f. Click Apply.
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8. Provide a heading for the map:
a. Click Header from Display elements group on the Map
Window contextual tab.
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b. Change the heading by clicking Header settings in the
Display elements group on the Map Window contextual
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tab.
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c. Click Insert autotext on the Style tab and select Horizon
name from the drop-down list. You also can enter your own
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header.
d. Click OK.
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Exercise 2 — Display log signatures
You can display well data as log signatures in a Map window.
1. In the Input pane, toggle off Well tops and toggle on all of the
C wells from the Wells folder.
2. Open the Settings for the Wells folder.
3. Select Style tab > Log signatures:
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a. Insert a new Log signature and select the Petrel
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premade template named Signatures located in the
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Templates pane (Well section templates > Petrel
system templates).
b. To drop in the Signatures template and click OK, click the
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blue arrow. Refer to the figure for more details.
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The figure shows an example of a Log signature display in the
Map window.
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Exercise 3 — Display properties
When displaying a property in the Map window, specify the K-layer to
view.
2. Click the property to display. In the Models pane, navigate to
Gullfaks fault model > 3D grid(depth)(Velocity model) >
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Properties > Facies model folder > Fluvial Facies object.
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3. On the Style tab in the Settings for the Properties folder,
define the K-layer to display and click Apply. (The figure
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shows the K-index number 50.)
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4. Clicking the Check buttons allows you to scroll

through the layers without the need to click Apply.

Exercise 4 — Create a new Map window to display
well labels and pie charts
2. Display the Top Ness surface by selecting Input pane >
Surfaces (Time).
3. Right-click the surface to open its settings.
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4. Select Contour lines on the Style tab.
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5. Clear the Show contour lines option and click OK.
6. Click Adjust color table on selected , if needed.
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7. In the Windows pane, go to the Settings for your window
and rename it MyLabels/Pie-Charts.
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8. On the Setup paper tab, choose the Landscape option.

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9. Click OK.
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10. Toglle off the Info box and the Automatic legend.
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11. Manually adjust the Top and Bottom of the margins of your
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map directly in the Map window. (Drag them using the cursor
in the Select mode.)
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12. Display wells C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, and C7.
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13. To open its settings, double-click on the Wells folder in the
Input pane.
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14. On the Style > Symbols tab, verify that the Show label
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option is clear. (You create your own well labels in the next
steps.)
15. Select the option Show Symbol and set its size to 30.
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16. Display color As well and click OK.
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Your map should now look like map in the figure.
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Exercise 5 — Create well labels
1. Right-click the Wells folder and select Labeling settings to
open the dialog box.
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2. Click to add a label. In the Name text box, rename the
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label Facies distribution pie charts.
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Petrel automatically adds brackets to the name of the folder it
belongs to.
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3. If the content does not exist:

a. Add a new cell by clicking .
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b. Choose Label > Well > Name from the drop-down menu.
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4. Set the Font to 20 and click Apply.

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5. Add another new cell by clicking . This time, choose Label
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> Well Top > Attribute from the drop-down menu.
6. Drop the T_Tarbert well top by clicking the blue insert arrow.
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(The TopTarbert well top is inside Stratigraphy under the Well
Tops folder in the Input pane).
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7. Choose Dip Angle as Attribute.

8. Choose 15 as the Font.
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9. Check the box to set an outline .

10. Enter Dip in Prefix.
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11. Add another new cell by clicking and choosing Pie Chart
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from the drop-down menu.

12. Drop in the Ness1 well top by clicking the blue arrow. (The
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Ness1 well top is under Ness inside Stratigraphy under the

Well Tops folder in the Input pane).
13. Choose Levee, Channel, and Crevasse as attributes from the
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list.
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14. Set 30 as Fixed size.

15. Select the Show data text check box.
16. Set the Color as Black.
17. Set the Font to size 10.
18. Stretch/squeeze the side of each cell to resize it. (The cursor
changes to a double cross.)
19. Reposition the cell by clicking the inside of it. (The cursor
changes to a cross.)
20. Position and resize the cells to prepare a label that looks
similar to the label shown in the figure.
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21. In the Layout area of the Style tab, set the height of the label
to 30.
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22. In the Appearance area, select the Outline box check box
to outline the label.
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23. Select the Show lines check box to show the connection
lines.
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24. Choose Stippled as type of line, 3 as Line width, and As
well as the Color. Click OK.
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25. In the Map window, adjust the position of your labels so
they look similar to the figure.
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Exercises — Layer control and surface
transparency
In Exercise 6 and Exercise 7 that follow, you learn how to change the
drawing order of objects displayed in the Map window and how to
apply the surface transparency.
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Exercise 6 — Change the drawing order of objects
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displayed in a Map window
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2. In the Window pane, double-click on the Map window you
just created to open its settings.
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3. Rename it MyLayering and click Apply.
4. Choose to display the Seabed and Base Cretaceous surfaces.
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The surfaces are available in the Input pane under Surfaces
(Time). rn
5. Display A and C wells. (The wells display with the labels
created in the previous exercise. Right-click the Wells folder
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and click Labeling settings to open the dialog box.
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6. Clear the option to show the label. (You do not use it in this
exercise.)
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7. Double-click the Wells folder to open its settings and click

the Style > Symbols tab.
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Petrel preserves
the drawing order for 8. Select the check box to display the label. (You cleared this
object types. This means option in the previous exercise.)
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that lines and points

(including text) are always
9. Click OK to save the settings and close the window.
10. Display the two polygons (polygon 1 and polygon 2), at the
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drawn on top of all other

objects. Even if you move bottom of the Input pane.
wells to the bottom of the
list, they are still
11. Open the Settings for your map and click the Layering tab.
visualized. This tab contains the objects you visualized in your window;
the objects are drawn from bottom to top.

12. To change the drawing order in the window, click one of
the objects and click the arrow buttons.
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13. (Optional) Change the order of a specific object directly in
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the Map window:
a. Right-click an object in the Map window.
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b. To change the drawing order, click the arrows. 
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Exercise 7 — Apply surface transparency in the Map
window
1. In the Map window you just created, double-click the Base
Cretaceous surface to open its Settings.
2. Click the Style > Solid tab and adjust the transparency of the
surface using the drop-down menu.
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3. Click OK and view the changes.
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4. Toggle ON different surfaces and configure their
transparency settings to various values to see how the
settings affect the display.
Exercise 8 — Display annotations

Many items in Petrel can be displayed on a map or in a 3D display
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window by their name and their center position, such as segment
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names or fault names.
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It also is possible to display user-defined text by entering the text
and a position for the text. Later, the text can be dragged anywhere
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in the Map window, it can be rotated, and you can change the
fonts.
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1. While the Input pane is active, insert new annotations
from Home > Insert > Object > New annotations. The
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Annotations folder is stored in the Input pane.
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2. Toggle ON Annotations in the Input pane. (Nothing is yet

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visualized.)
3. To access the Settings dialog box, double-click
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Annotations.
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4. Insert a single row by clicking Append item in table

on the Settings tab.
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5. Click Multiple drop in table .

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6. Go to the Segment Filter of your depth converted 3D grid in

the Models pane and expand it.

7. Highlight Segment 1 and drop it into the Icon field of the
Annotations Settings by clicking the blue arrow. This step
allows all segments in the folder to be dropped in
automatically.
8. Click Apply. The segment names now should display in the
Map window.
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Exercise 9 — Create Montage plots
Montage plots can be viewed in a Plot window. This empty window
can be filled with any viewports (subwindows) of other windows, such
as maps, intersections, histograms, and well sections.
1. Open a new Plot window.
2. Click New object from Layout tab > Viewport group> New
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object.
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a. Select New map viewport.
b. Draw in the desired size by clicking the mouse.
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c. Display the Top Tarbert horizon from the Horizons folder of
your 3D grid.
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3. Click New object again and select New Histogram viewport.
4. Draw in a Histogram viewport and display Porosity model[1] [U]
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property in the Properties > Petrophysical models folder of
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the 3D model.
5. Draw an Intersection viewport and click General intersection
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in the Intersection folder of the Models pane.

6. Display the same Porosity property again
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7. Insert a second Intersection viewport and click General

Intersection in the Intersections folder of the 3D grid.
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8. Display edges, horizons, and faults. Your display should look
similar to the figure:
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9. If the display looks a bit disordered, go to the Windows pane

and double-click the Plot window to access the settings.

10. Click the Setup multiple viewports tab and specify the
settings, as shown in the figure.
To change the
position of viewports, move
them in the Windows pane.
Click Apply and click Setup
viewports.
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11. Click the Setup viewports button.

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12. On the Setup paper tab, select Landscape and click Apply.
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13. Review the changes in the Plot window.
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Exercise 10 — Well section viewport

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Well sections can be displayed in any of the plot windows. Insert a

special Well section viewport.
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1. Open a new Plot window.

2. Insert a new Well section viewport from Layout Window >
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Viewport > New object > New well section viewport.

3. Draw it in the empty field displays.
4. Double-click the Well section viewport in the Plot window of
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the Windows pane.

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5. Click the Viewport tab in the Settings dialog box.
6. Go to the Windows pane and select a Well section.

7. Drop it into the Master well section by clicking the blue
arrow.
8. Click the Update button.
9. Click OK. The Well section should display in the Well
section viewport.
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Review questions rn
• How you can create a Pie chart and display it in a Map
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window?
• How do you insert Annotations text in a Map window?
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• What are the formats you can use to capture screenshots?

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Summary
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• setting up a variety of window types, including the Map
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window and Plot window

• using the controls in the Map window, including Well
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labeling
• creating and manipulating annotations
• creating screen captures
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• printing scaled plots.

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Appendix — Additional
Petrel training
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There are many training courses available that apply modeling
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workflows in Petrel: Geophysics, Geology, Reservoir Engineering, and
Studio Manager.
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Petrel geophysics training
There are two comprehensive courses offered for Petrel geophysics:
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Seismic visualization and interpretation and Seismic
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interpretation workflow tools.
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Seismic visualization and interpretation
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This course provides seismic interpreters with workflow-based training

to visualize and interpret seismic data using Petrel (Figure 1).
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Figure 1 Geophysics Seismic Visualization and Interpretation workflow
Petrel Fundamentals Additional Petrel training • 391

The training provides step-by-step workflows that include these
activities:
• Set up a new interpretation project.
• Visualize and manipulate seismic data.
• Run mis-tie analysis for 2D and 3D data.
• Perform detailed horizon and fault interpretation workflows.
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• Make surfaces from seismic interpretation.
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• Use surface attributes.
• Restore 2D seismic
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• Quickly introduce you to velocity modeling and depth
conversion in Petrel.
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Seismic interpretation workflow tools
The Seismic Interpretation Workflow Tools course emphasizes
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seismic interpretation workflows, techniques, and best practices
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Figure 2 Geophysics Seismic Interpretation Workflow Tools
392 • Additional Petrel training Petrel Fundamentals

The training includes these activities:
• Generate and using seismic attributes.
• Enhance seismic data quality through seismic attributes.
• Preforming conventional and contemporary methods of faults
extraction.
• Apply attribute blending techniques.
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• Populate a model with seismic attributes.
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• Crossplot for surface attributes to find correlations among
seismic attributes.
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• Perform multi-z interpretation.
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Figure 3 Geophysics courses available for Petrel 2014

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Geology training
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Petroleum geologists assess the structural and sedimentary aspects of

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the strata to identify possible oil traps. They evaluate uncertainty from
basin to prospect, and calculate the chance of success and probabilistic
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volumes with dynamic petroleum systems modeling.

Geologists take the skeleton (structure) developed by geophysicists and
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add properties, such as porosity and permeability that make up the

shared model to determine the amount of hydrocarbon reserves.
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Geologists develop models by examining the spatial positions of the

major boundaries of the formations, including the effects of faulting,
folding, and erosion.
The major stratigraphic divisions are subdivided into layers of cells with
different geometries in relation to the bounding surfaces (parallel to
top, parallel to base, proportional). These cells are populated with
property values, such as porosity and permeability.
The Petrel geological workflows encompass structural geology,
sedimentology, stratigraphy, and diagenesis. The goal is to create
realistic geologic model representations of portions of the earth’s crust,
especially oil and gas fields and groundwater aquifers (Figure 4).
A short description of each model representation follows.
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Figure 4 Important concepts in geological modeling

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1 Model conditioning process, which allows a porosity model to be

conditioned with a facies channel
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2 Fluvial model using flowlines, source point trend directions, and

width trend to model a fluvial environment
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3 Detailed porosity study of a single channel

4 Multi-point statistics (MPS) using training images to model facies,
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providing you with a new method of modeling complex geological

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features
5 3D facies model that incorporates lithological information when
modeling reservoir properties, such as porosity

Petrel geology
The Petrel Geology course presents two workflows for volumetric
calculation in Petrel: map-based workflow and 2D model-based.
The map-based workflow focuses on retrieving data from Studio, as
well as data evaluation, log management, editing in a Well section
window. The workflow also covers isochore and isopach creation from
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vertical and deviated wells to calculate thickness maps.
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You perform surface gridding with different input data, surface editing,
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and several operations to extract property maps for volume estimation,
based on property maps and or constant values (Figure 5).
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Figure 5 Petrel Geology workflow

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The 2D model-based workflow focuses on extracting the volumes from

surfaces to provide a previous estimation about reservoir volumes
based on property maps and constant values for contacts and
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properties.
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Structural modeling
The Petrel Structural Modeling course presents the flexibility of
Petrel and the various approaches that enable you to build models that
truly capture geologically complex regions (Figure 6).
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Figure 6 Geology - Structural modeling workflow
The Structural Modeling course lets you access the real power of
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Petrel to build advanced structural models with complex faults,

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including reverse faults and truncations.

The Structural framework workflow allows you to perform fault
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modeling while interpreting seismic, and demonstrates how to build a

3D grid with faults at the push of a button.
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You see the robust quality control aspect of Structural modeling as well
as a standard Pillar gridding approach to 3D grid construction (including
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fault modeling). In addition, you learn about modeling reverse and listric
faults as well as salt modeling.
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Property modeling
The Property modeling course is designed for participants with
fundamental Petrel modeling skills. The course presents basic
geostatistics, data preparation, data analysis, and facies and
petrophysical modeling (Figure 7).  
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Figure 7 Geology Property modeling workflow

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You learn several ways to create property models and condition models
with existing models and secondary data. This course guides you
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through the concepts, algorithms, and software functionalities relative

to property modeling.
The first half of the course focuses on basic geostatistical concepts,
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such as variograms, Kriging and Gaussian simulation, and testing of

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both methods to understand their benefits and limitations. Premodeling

processes are presented, including well data preparation, data analysis,
and logs upscaling.
The second half of the course focuses on facies and petrophysical
modeling using stochastic methods. Data analysis and using existing
models with secondary data are demonstrated as key processes in the
modeling sequence.

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Figure 8 Geology courses available for Petrel 2014
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Reservoir engineering training
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Reservoir engineering applies scientific principles to the drainage
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problem that arises during the development and production of oil and
gas reservoirs, with the goal of obtaining a high economic recovery.
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The working tools of reservoir engineers are subsurface geology,
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applied mathematics, and the basic laws of physics and chemistry
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governing the behavior of liquid and vapor phases of crude oil, natural
gas, and water in reservoir rock.
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Petrel Reservoir engineering provides the ideal model-based

environment for reservoir engineering workflows, delivering a fully
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featured reservoir simulation in pre- and post-processing environments.

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Data flows are transparent, so changes in the seismic interpretation or

the geological model cascade through the reservoir simulation model.
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You can evaluate the impact of the changes on production rates or

reserves in a fraction of the time previously required.
Supporting the entire family of ECLIPSE* and INTERSECT* reservoir
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simulation applications, the Petrel RE workflows enable dynamic

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analysis meet business and operational requirements.

Figure 9 illustrates assisted history matching and rock physics modeling
in Petrel (left) and Rock physics modeling and multiporosity displays of
coalbed methane and shale gas reservoirs (right).

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Assisted History Matching Rock Physics Modeling
Figure 9 Assisted history matching and rock physics modeling in Petrel
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Petrel reservoir engineering course
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The overall objective of Petrel Reservoir engineering course is to
teach reservoir engineers how to apply Petrel reservoir engineering
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technology tools in solving reservoir engineering challenges (Figure 10).
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Figure 10 Petrel Reservoir Engineering workflow
This course discusses how to build a 3D simulation model in Petrel

based on a geological input data, add wells and well control rules,
create black oil fluid models and rock physics functions, and submit the
model to the simulators.
The practical application of most Petrel reservoir engineering tools are
discussed and illustrated in the exercises presented in the course. All
of the preprocessing and post-processing of simulation data are
performed within the Petrel environment.
The goal of Petrel reservoir engineering training is to encourage asset
teams to work together using a single Petrel unified platform instead
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of working in silos. This requires close collaboration among the
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disciplines involved in a reservoir study and, ultimately, provides a
means of incorporating feedback within the team (Figure 11).
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Figure 11 Reservoir Engineering courses available for Petrel 2014

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Studio Manager training
The Studio Manager course enables data managers and
administrators to understand how to optimize the productivity of the
work environment for their asset teams. This is accomplished by
providing an understanding of the Studio database, repositories, users,
roles, and Find indexes, as well as new functionality and data
management workflows (Figure 12).Studio Manager
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Introduction to Studio Studio Manager Users, roles, Data Environment
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for Petrel interface repositories management
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Data Loading to Studio Match Rules
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repositories implementation workflows administration tasks
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Figure 12 Studio Manager workflow

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You become familiar with the Studio Manager interface, starting with
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the basic settings and ending with administration and maintenance

tasks in the Studio database.
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You learn to create and manage repositories, users, roles, data

environments, quality attributes, conflation policies, etc. You also learn
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how to populate and manage data in the Studio repositories, which

implies understanding about how data is loaded in Petrel and
transferred to Studio.
You learn about data management workflows, including merging and
organizing global well logs, managing user attributes, and tracking data
transfers in the Message Center.

You are shown additional administration tasks that can be done in
Studio Manager: backing up repositories, viewing database status
reports, installing the database, and upgrading repositories.
Studio for Petrel user training
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The Studio for Petrel Users course focuses on the Studio
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functionalities within Petrel.
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Initially, you discuss general concepts in the Studio environment
(indexes, data environment, data sources, repositories, users, roles,
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etc.). You learn about connecting to Studio repositories, browsing,
retrieving and publishing data to Studio. This includes related
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concepts, such as folder behavior in Petrel and Studio, understanding
transfer messages, normal and copy mode, well tops interpreter’s
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preference, and comparing data.
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You learn about and practice using Find. This incorporates managing
Search settings, using the Find filters, and using options to retrieve
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data from data sources.
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You practice some workflows to understand how you can collaborate

with your team using subscriptions and notifications.
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Finally, you learn some data management workflows you can perform
from the user perspective, with an introduction to some advanced tasks
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that can be done by data managers (Figure 13).

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Studio for Petrel users
General Overview of the Petrel and the Studio Finding your Data
Studio environment databse
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Collaborating with your team Managing your data
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Figure 13 Studio for Petrel users workflow rn
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2014 Petrel Fundamentals

Training and Exercise Guide

Accelerate innovative software development - Seamlessly

offers stable, user-friendly interfaces for efficient development,

*Mark of Schlumberger. Certain other products and product names are

Lesson 2 — Ocean software development platform............................................................23

Lesson 4 — How the tools integrate....................................................................................27

Module 2 — Getting started: Petrel basics........................................................................29

Lesson 3 — Petrel user interface.........................................................................................33

Lesson 1 — Import data in your local project.......................................................................70

Procedure — Import data: General workflow...............................................................76

Procedure — Insert new folders...................................................................................82

Available export formats...............................................................................................83

Search settings in Petrel.............................................................................................128

Procedure — Index a project locally...........................................................................129

Procedure — Import a data environment...................................................................131

Procedure — Change the location of the data environment configuration path.......132

Procedure — Load a StudioFindSelection file............................................................137

Petrel Fundamentals Table of Contents • 7

Lesson 3 — Stratigraphic chart window............................................................................174

Visualize stratigraphic charts......................................................................................177

Columns and geo-time data........................................................................................177

Stratigraphic charts spreadsheet................................................................................178

Lesson 4 — Charting window.............................................................................................180

Procedure — Well section template..........................................................................183

Procedure — Display well data..................................................................................184

Exercise 10 — Visualize data in a histogram window...............................................220

Exercise 12 — Visualize and Edit a stratigraphic column .........................................226

Exercise 14 — Charting window................................................................................232

Module 5 — Seismic reconnaissance..............................................................................235

Lesson 1 — Seismic data visualization..............................................................................235

Scan through your seismic cube..................................................................................240

Polygon or point creation.............................................................................................273

Procedure — Make a stratigraphic surface ...............................................................274

Procedure — Create isochore points..........................................................................277

Procedure — Recover the settings and regenerate a surface...................................281

Surface calculations and operations...........................................................................283

Exercise 1 — Create a (project) boundary .................................................................287

Exercise 3 — Create a stratigraphic surface for Base cretaceous.............................291

Module 7 — Make simple grid...........................................................................................299

Visual filters for the 3D grid........................................................................................328

Exercise 3 — Grid quality check: Create a cell angle property..................................332

Exercise 5 — Create a well and zone index property.................................................335

Lesson 1 — Windows pane................................................................................................339

Exercise 5 — Create well labels.................................................................................376

Exercise 6 — Change the drawing order of objects displayed in a Map window.....380

Exercise 8 — Display annotations..............................................................................383

Exercise 9 — Create Montage plots...........................................................................385

Appendix — Additional Petrel training.............................................................................391

Petrel geophysics training...................................................................................................391

12 • Table of Contents Petrel Fundamentals

The Petrel Fundamentals course is the foundation for all Petrel

By attending this course, you gain a general overview of the basic

enough about basic Petrel operations to build a simple grid on your

in Petrel that is not presented in this course.

Petrel Fundamentals Introduction to Petrel • 13

fast clock speed and high cache)

Display The quality of the viewing

size and number of monitors

Primary storage Fast rotational speed HDD (10k,

14 • Introduction to Petrel Petrel Fundamentals

Secondary storage Optional

Microsoft .NET® Framework 4.5

• A Petrel license and license key

Petrel Fundamentals Table of Contents • 7

Exercise 12 — Visualize and Edit a stratigraphic column .........................................226

12 • Table of Contents Petrel Fundamentals

Petrel Fundamentals Introduction to Petrel • 13

14 • Introduction to Petrel Petrel Fundamentals

Petrel Fundamentals Introduction to Petrel • 15

16 • Introduction to Petrel Petrel Fundamentals

Petrel Fundamentals Introduction to Petrel • 17

18 • Introduction to Petrel Petrel Fundamentals

Petrel Fundamentals Introduction to Petrel • 19

20 • Introduction to Petrel Petrel Fundamentals

Petrel Fundamentals About Petrel • 21

22 • About Petrel Petrel Fundamentals

Petrel Fundamentals About Petrel • 23

24 • About Petrel Petrel Fundamentals

Petrel Fundamentals About Petrel • 25

Ocean encompasses Petrel, Techlog, and Avocet software and

Petrel Fundamentals About Petrel • 27

28 • About Petrel Petrel Fundamentals

30 • Petrel Basics Petrel Fundamentals

Petrel Fundamentals Petrel Basics • 31

32 • Petrel Basics Petrel Fundamentals

Petrel Fundamentals Petrel Basics • 33

34 • Petrel Basics Petrel Fundamentals

Petrel Fundamentals Petrel Basics • 35

36 • Petrel Basics Petrel Fundamentals