Project

Spreadsheets to BS 8110etc ‫الجدران الساندة‬ REINFORCED CONCRETE COUNCIL

Client ARAB - ENG Made by Date Page
Location ‫منتدى المهندسين العرب‬ YH 26-Jul-2018 101
RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004:1986 etcChecked Revision Job No
Originated from 'RCC62.xls' on CD © 1999 BCA for RCC SAM 1

IDEALISED STRUCTURE and FORCE DIAGRAMS DESIGN STATUS: NOT VALID

L in e L o a d L G K , L Q K in k N / m
WARNING : X
Passive pressure should
2

S u r c h a r g e S G K , S Q K in k N / m
only be considered if it
can be guaranteed that
there will be no future T W
excavation in front of
the wall. W A TE R
B 1

L L

L S
H W

L E

L W
T b
H P

H n
B N T N
L P

B
DIMENSIONS (mm)
H= 5000 B= 4000 Tw = 400
Hw = 100 BI = 1000 Tb = 600
Hp = 200 BN = 0 TN = 0
Hn = 0
MATERIAL PROPERTIES
fcu = 35 N/mm² gm = 1.5 concrete
fy = 460 N/mm² gm = 1.05 steel
cover to tension steel = 50 mm
Max allowable design surface crack width (W) = 0.3 mm
Concrete density = 24 kN/m³
SOIL PROPERTIES Wall Geometry
Design angle of int'l friction of retained mat'l (Ø) = 30 degree
Design cohesion of retained mat'l (C ) = 0 kN/m² (Only granular backfil considered, "C" = zero)
Density of retained mat'l (q ) = 20 kN/m³
Submerged Density of retained mat'l (qs ) = 13.33 kN/m³ [default=2/3*q (only apply when 13.33
Design angle of int'l friction of base mat'l (Øb) = 20 degree ASSUMPTIONS
Design cohesion of base material (Cb ) = 10 kN/m² a) Wall friction is zero
Density of base material (qb ) = 10 kN/m³ b) Minimum active earth pressure = 0.25qH
Allowable gross ground bearing pressure (GBP) = 200 kN/m² c) Granular backfill
d)Does not include check of rotational slide/slope failure
LOADINGS Surcharge load -- live (SQK) = 10 kN/m² e)Does not include effect of seepage of ground
Surcharge load -- dead (SGK) = 10 water beneath the wall.
Line load -- live (LQK) = 15 kN/m f)Does not include deflection check of wall due to
Line load -- dead (LGK) = 20 kN/m lateral earth pressures
Distance of line load from wall (X) = 1000 mm h) Design not intended for walls over 3.0 m high

LATERAL FORCES (unfactored) Ka = 0.33 [ default ka = (1-SIN Ø)/(1+SIN Ø)0.33

]
Kp = 2.04 [ default kp = (1+SIN Øb)/(1-SIN Ø2.04
Kpc = 2.86 [ default kpc = 2kp0.5 ] = 2.86
Kac = 1.15 [ 2ka0.5 ]

Force Lever arm Moment about TOE gf Fult Mult

(kN) (m) (kNm) (kN) (kNm)
PE = 83.32 LE = 1.667 138.89 1.40 116.65 194.44
PS(GK) = 16.67 LS = 2.50 41.67 1.40 23.33 58.33
PS(QK) = 16.67 LS = 2.50 41.67 1.60 26.67 66.67
PL(GK) = 6.67 LL = 4.16 27.74 1.40 9.33 38.83
PL(QK) = 5.00 LL = 4.16 20.80 1.60 8.00 33.29
PW = 0.05 LW = 0.03 0.00 1.40 0.07 0.00
Total 128.37 270.77 184.05 391.57
PP = -6.12 (LP-HN) = 0.10 -0.60 1.00 -6.12 -0.60
Project Spreadsheets to BS 8110etc REINFORCED CONCRETE COUNCIL
Client ARAB - ENG Made by Date Page

Location ‫لمهندسين العرب‬ YH 26-Jul-2018 102

RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004: Checked Revision Job No

Originated from 'RCC62.xls' on CD © 1999 BCA for RCC SAM 0 1

EXTERNAL STABILITY STABILITY CHECKS : OK

OVERTURNING about TOE F.O.S = 1.50

(using overall factor of safety instead of partial safety factor) LOADING OPTION
Overturning Lateral FORCE (kN) Lever arm (m) Moment (kNm) (select critical load combination)
Moments PE = 83.32 LE = 1.67 138.87 EARTH
PS(GK) = 16.67 LS = 2.50 41.67 ✘ PS(GK)
PS(QK) = 16.67 LS = 2.50 41.67 ✘ PS(QK)
PL(GK) = 6.67 LL = 4.16 27.74 ✘ PL(GK)
PL(QK) = 5.00 LL = 4.16 20.80 ✘ PL(QK)
PW = 0.05 LW = 0.03 0.00 ✘ PW
åP = 128.37
Pp = -6.12 (LP-HN) = 0.10 -0.60 Warning:
å Mo = 270.15 Under some
conditions,surcharge &
Restoring Vertical FORCE (kN) Lever arm (m) Moment (kNm) line loads may have
Moments Wall = 42.24 1.20 50.69 stabilising effects on the
structure, and it is
Base = 57.60 2.00 115.20
recommended that
Nib = 0.00 0.00 0.00 stability checks should
Earth = 228.80 2.70 617.76 also be carried out
Water = 0.00 2.70 0.00 without these loads.
Surcharge = 52.00 2.70 140.40
Line load = 35.00 2.40 84.00
åV = 415.64 å Mr = 1008.05

Factor of Safety, Mr / Mo = 3.73 > 1.50 OK

SLIDING (using overall factor of safety instead of partial safety factor) F.O.S = 1.50

Sum of LATERAL FORCES, P = 128.37 kN

PASSIVE FORCE, Pp x Reduction factor (1) = -6.12 kN Red'n factor for passive force = 1.00
BASE FRICTION ( å V TANØb + B Cb ) = -191.28 kN
Sum of FORCES RESISTING SLIDING, Pr = -197.40 kN

Factor of Safety, Pr / P = 1.54 > 1.50 OK

GROUND BEARING FAI Taking moments about centre of base (anticlockwise "+") :

Vertical FORCES (kN) Lever arm (m) Moment (kNm) BEARING PRESSURE (KN/m²)
Wall = 42.24 0.80 33.79
0.000
Base = 57.60 0.00 0.00
Nib = 0.00 2.00 0.00
Earth = 228.80 -0.70 -160.16 50.000
Water = 0.00 -0.70 0.00
Surcharge= 52.00 -0.70 -36.40
Line load = 35.00 -0.40 -14.00 100.000
åV= 415.64 å Mv = -176.77

Moment due to LATERAL FORCES, Mo = 270.15 kNm 150.000

Resultant Moment, M = Mv + Mo = 93.38 kNm

Eccentricity from base centre, M / V = 0.22 m

Therefore, MAXIMUM Gross Bearing Pressure (GRP) = 139 kN/m² < 200 OK
Project Spreadsheets to BS 8110etc REINFORCED CONCRETE COUNCIL

Client ARAB - ENG Made by Date Page

Location ‫لمهندسين العرب‬ YH 26-Jul-2018 104

RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004: Checked Revision Job No

Originated from 'RCC62.xls' on CD © 1999 BCA for RCC SAM 0 1

OUTER BASE ( per metre length ) BS8110

gf = 1.45 (default = ult mt / non-factored m1.45 reference
V ult = 161.35 kN
M ult = 115.53 kNm (TENSION - BOTTOM FACE)

BOTTOM REINFORCEMENT : Min. As = 780 mm2 Table 3.25

f= 16 mm
centres = 200 mm < 766 OK 3.12.11.2.7(b)
Asprov = 1005 mm2 > 780 OK

MOMENT of RESISTANCE : d = 542 mm

z = 514.90 mm 3.4.4.4
As' = 0 mm2
Mres = 226.77 kNm > 115.53 OK

SHEAR RESISTANCE: 100 As/bd = 0.19%

vc = 0.40 N/mm2 Table 3.8
Vres = 218.54 kN > 161.35 OK 3.5.5.2

CHECK CRACK WIDTH IN ACCORDANCE WITH BS8007 :

X= 113.85 mm em = -0.000708 BS8007
Acr = 107.60 mm W= -0.18 mm < 0.30 OK App. B.2

INNER BASE ( per metre length )

V ult = 160.96 kN
M ult = 276.04 kNm (TENSION - TOP FACE)

TOP REINFORCEMENT : Min. As = 780 mm2 Table 3.25

f = 16 mm
centres = 150 mm < 695 OK 3.12.11.2.7(b)
Asprov = 1340 mm2 > 780 OK

MOMENT RESISTANCE : d = 542 mm

z = 514.90 mm 3.4.4.4
As' = 0 mm2
Mres = 302.36 kNm > 276.04 OK

SHEAR RESISTANCE: 100 As/bd = 0.25%

vc = 0.44 N/mm2 Table 3.8
Vres = 240.53 kN > 160.96 OK 3.5.5.2

CHECK CRACK WIDTH wrt BS8007 : (Temperature and shrinkage effects not included)
X= 129.10 mm em = 0.000626 BS8007
Acr = 86.81 mm W= 0.16 mm < 0.30 OK App. B.2

REINFORCEMENT SUMMARY for BASE

Type f Centers As Min. As

mm mm mm2 mm2
TOP (DESIGN) T 16 150 1340 780 OK
BOTTOM (DESIGN) T 16 200 1005 780 OK
TRANSVERSE T 12 100 1131 780 OK
 Spreadsheets to BS 8110etc REINFORCED CONCRETE COUNCIL
Project
Client ARAB - ENG Made by Date Page

Location ‫لمهندسين العرب‬ YH 26-Jul-2018 105

RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004:Checked Revision Job No

Originated from 'RCC62.xls' on CD © 1999 BCA for RCC SAM 0 1

APPROXIMATE WEIGHT OF REINFORCEMENT

No. Type Dia Length Unit Wt Weight

WALL VERTICAL - External face 6 T 12 4496 0.888 23.95

VERTICAL - Internal face 11 T 20 4560 2.466 123.70
TRANSVERSE (Ext.& Int.) 46 T 12 1000 0.888 40.84

BASE TOP (MAIN) 7 T 16 4128 1.578 45.61

BOTTOM (MAIN) 6 T 16 4128 1.578 39.09
TRANSVERSE ( T & B ) 82 T 12 1000 0.888 72.80
WALL STARTERS (Ext.) 6 T 12 1555 0.888 8.28
WALL STARTERS (Int.) 11 T 20 1875 2.466 50.86

NIB (assume same reinforcement as wall)

INTERNAL FACE (MAIN) 6 T 12 96 0.888 0.51
EXTERNAL FACE (MAIN) 11 T 20 160 2.466 4.34
TRANSVERSE (EXT.+ INT.) 2 T 12 1000 0.888 1.78

SUMMARY Approx total reinforcement per metre length of wall (kg) 411.8
 Diagrams

Project Spreadsheets to BS 8110etc

Location‫العرب‬‫سين‬ DATA FOR DIAGRAMS I
RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004:1986 etc. sheet 1 of 2 Made by YH Job No
Originated from 'RCC62.xls' on CD © 1999 BCA for RCC

DESIGN STATUS: NOT VALID

IF(ABS(ECCY)>B/1000/2,"BEARING FAIL",IF(ABS(ECCY)>(B/1000)/6,(2*VL)/(3*((B/1000)/2-ABS(ECCY))),(VL/(B/1000)*(1+(6*ABS(ECCY))/(B/1000)))))

IF(ECCY>(B/1000)/6,IF(XX>(B/1000/2-ECCY)*3,0,(((B/1000/2-ECCY)*3-XX)/((B/1000/2-ECCY)*3))*BP),((VL/(B/1000)*(1-(6*ECCY)/(B/1000))))+(B/1000-XX)/(B/1000)*(BP-(VL/(B/1000)*(
(6*ECCY)/(B/1000)))))
4

1 121.42
0 138.93 3
BEARING PRESSURE DIAGRAM
0.4 131.92 3
0.8 124.92 3
1.2 117.92 3 M
1.6 110.91 3 0 1 2 3 4 5
2 103.91 3 KN/M^2
0
2.4 96.91 3
50
2.8 89.90 3
3.2 82.90 3 100

3.6 75.90 3 150

4 68.89 3
4 0.00 0
IF(ECCY<0,B/1000-B/1000/50*B24,B/1000/50*B24)
121.42
0 0.00 138.928 0 138.928 0.080 11.114 12.893 0.080 11.114
1 0.08 137.528 BEARING PRESSURE DIAGRAM 1 137.528 0.080 11.002 11.882 0.080 11.002
2 0.16 136.127 2 136.127 0.080 10.890 10.890 0.080 10.890
3 0.24 134.726 3 134.726 0.080 10.778 9.916 0.080 10.778
0 6 2M 8 4 0 6 2
4 0.32 133.325 0
.0 .5 .1 .6 .2 .8 .3 .9
0 1 1 2 2 3 3
4 133.325 0.080 10.666 8.959 0.080 10.666
5 0.40 131.925 0.000 5 131.925 0.080 10.554 8.021 0.080 10.554
KN/M^2

6 0.48 130.524 6 130.524 0.080 10.442 7.100 0.080 10.442

7 0.56 129.123 50.000 7 129.123 0.080 10.330 6.198 0.080 10.330
8 0.64 127.722 8 127.722 0.080 10.218 5.313 0.080 10.218
9 0.72 126.322 100.000 9 126.322 0.080 10.106 4.447 0.080 10.106
10 0.80 124.921 10 124.921 0.080 9.994 3.598 0.080 9.994
11 0.88 123.520 150.000 11 123.520 0.080 9.882 2.767 0.080 9.882
12 0.96 122.119 12 122.119 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
13 1.04 120.719 13 120.719 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
14 1.12 119.318 14 119.318 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
15 1.20 117.917 15 117.917 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
16 1.28 116.517 121.42 16 116.517 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
17 1.36 115.116 BP 0 138.93 17 115.116 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
18 1.44 113.715 BPE 1 121.42 18 113.715 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
19 1.52 112.314 BPI 1.4 114.42 19 112.314 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
20 1.60 110.914 BPZ 4 68.892 20 110.914 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
21 1.68 109.513 21 109.513 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
22 1.76 108.112 22 108.112 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
23 1.84 106.711 23 106.711 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
24 1.92 105.311 24 105.311 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
25 2.00 103.910 25 103.910 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
26 2.08 102.509 26 102.509 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
27 2.16 101.109 27 101.109 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
28 2.24 99.708 28 99.708 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
29 2.32 98.307 29 98.307 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
30 2.40 96.906 30 96.906 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
31 2.48 95.506 31 95.506 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
32 2.56 94.105 32 94.105 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
33 2.64 92.704 33 92.704 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
34 2.72 91.303 34 91.303 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
35 2.80 89.903 35 89.903 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
36 2.88 88.502 36 88.502 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
37 2.96 87.101 37 87.101 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
38 3.04 85.701 38 85.701 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
39 3.12 84.300 39 84.300 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
40 3.20 82.899 40 82.899 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
41 3.28 81.498 41 81.498 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
42 3.36 80.098 42 80.098 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
43 3.44 78.697 43 78.697 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
44 3.52 77.296 44 77.296 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
45 3.60 75.895 45 75.895 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
46 3.68 74.495 46 74.495 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
47 3.76 73.094 47 73.094 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
48 3.84 71.693 48 71.693 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
49 3.92 70.292 49 70.292 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
50 4.00 68.8918 50 68.892 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
### 91.984 ###

Page 5
 Diagrams

Project Spreadsheets to BS 8110etc

Location‫العرب‬‫سين‬ DATA FOR DIAGRAMS II
RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004:1986 etc. sheet 1 of 2 Made by YH Job No
Originated from 'RCC62.xls' on CD © 1999 BCA for RCC

YY= 4.4 MTE= 94.65

MTLG= 23.74
MTLQ= 17.80
MTSG= 32.267
MTSQ= 32.27
MTW= 0.00

UTM= 291.03
291.03
0 0.00 0 0.00
ULT. MT (KNM)
1 0.09 0.0568 0.09 MOMENT DIAGRAM
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
2 0.18 0.2272 0.18
3 0.26 0.5111 0.26

0 0
0.
4 0.35 0.9086 0.35
5 0.44 1.4197 0.44

4 4
0.
6 0.53 2.0444 0.53
7 0.62 2.7827 0.62

8 8
0.
8 0.70 3.6345 0.70
9 0.79 4.5999 0.79 1.
32
WALL (M)

10 0.88 6.3878 0.88

11 0.97 9.1057 0.97
76
1.

12 1.06 11.937 1.06

13 1.14 14.882 1.14
2 0
2.

14 1.23 17.941 1.23

15 1.32 21.113 1.32
6 4
2.

16 1.41 24.399 1.41

17 1.50 27.798 1.50
0 8
3.

18 1.58 31.639 1.58

19 1.67 35.686 1.67
5 2
3.

20 1.76 39.931 1.76

21 1.85 44.38 1.85
9 6
3.

22 1.94 49.041 1.94

23 2.02 53.919 2.02
4 0
4.

24 2.11 59.02 2.11

25 2.20 64.352 2.20
26 2.29 69.92 2.29
27 2.38 75.732 2.38
28 2.46 81.792 2.46
29 2.55 88.107 2.55
30 2.64 94.685 2.64
31 2.73 101.53 2.73
32 2.82 108.65 2.82
33 2.90 116.05 2.90
34 2.99 123.74 2.99
35 3.08 131.72 3.08
36 3.17 140.01 3.17
37 3.26 148.6 3.26
38 3.34 157.5 3.34
39 3.43 166.72 3.43
40 3.52 176.26 3.52
41 3.61 186.14 3.61
42 3.70 196.36 3.70
43 3.78 206.92 3.78
44 3.87 217.83 3.87
45 3.96 229.1 3.96
46 4.05 240.73 4.05
47 4.14 252.74 4.14
48 4.22 265.12 4.22
49 4.31 277.88 4.31
50 4.40 291.03 4.40

0 0
0 600 WALL GEOMETRY
1000 600
4000
1000 5000
WALL (mm)

3500
1400 5000
1400 600 3000

4000 600 2500

4000 0 2000
0 0 1500
0 0
1000
0 0
500
0 0
0 0 0
0

1000

3000

4000
2000

BASE ( mm)
5000 4000

Page 6
 Diagrams

Made by YH Job No 1
Date 26-Jul-18

000)*(BP-(VL/(B/1000)*(1-

0.08 11.114
0.08 11.002
0.08 10.890
0.08 10.778
0.08 10.666
0.08 10.554
0.08 10.442
0.08 10.330
0.08 10.218
0.08 10.106
0.08 9.994
0.08 9.882
0.08 9.770
0.08 9.658
0.08 9.545
0.08 9.433
0.08 9.321
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
###

Page 7
 Diagrams

Made by YH Job No 1
Date 26-Jul-18

Page 8
 Project Spreadsheets to BS 8110etc
Location ‫العرب‬
‫مهندسين‬ CRACK WIDTH CALCULATIONS
RETAINING WALL design to BS 8110:1997, BS 8002:1994. BS 8004:1986 etc. Made by YH Job No 1
Originated from 'RCC62.xls' on CD © 1999 BCA for RCC Date 26-Jul-18

WALL
MR= 15.06 MIN SPACING= 253 ASreq = 2240 fs = 218.66Asprov%= 0.924
As/bd= 0.009 MSBB= 766 ASBBreq 0.01 fs = 0.0031Asprov%= 0.1855
X= 138.18 MSBT= 695 ASBTreq 1223.7 fs = 279.97Asprov%= 0.2473
Ic= 2.806E+09
STS= 0.0011
ST1= 0.0014
ST2= 0.0002703
Acr= 68.102497
W= 0.20
em= 0.0011

MR= 15.06 MR= 15.06

AsBB/bd= 0.0019 AsBB/bd= 0.0025
X= 113.85 X= 129.10
Ic= 3.267E+09 Ic= 4.158E+09
STS= 0.0006 STS= 0.0014
ST1= 0.0007 ST1= 0.0016
ST2= 0.0013727 ST2= 0.0010016
Acr= 107.60277 Acr= 86.810337
W= -0.18 W= 0.16
em= -0.0007 em= 0.0006

Page 9
 Notes

Disclaimer
All advice or information from the British Cement Association and/or Reinforced Concrete Counc
will evaluate the significance and limitations of its contents and take responsibility for its use a
(including that for negligence) for any loss resulting from such advice or information is accepte
subcontractors, suppliers or advisors. Users should note that all BCA software and publications
time to time and should therefore ensure that they are in possession of the latest version.

This spreadsheet should be used in compliance with the accompanying publication 'Spreadshe
8110 and EC2' available from British Cement Association, Telford Avenue, Crowthorne, Berkshir

Status of spreadsheet
Public release version.

Revision history RCC62 Retaining Wall.xls

Date Version Action

First public release.
06-Aug-99 RCC62 v1.0
Includes b version comments

Page 10
 Notes

or Reinforced Concrete Council is intended for those who

ke responsibility for its use and application. No liability
ice or information is accepted by the BCA, RCC or their
CA software and publications are subject to revision from
on of the latest version.

nying publication 'Spreadsheets for concrete design to BS

Avenue, Crowthorne, Berkshire RG45 6YS.

Size (kB)
398

Page 11