Gabion Wall Design

Course 1

Course 2

Course 3

Course 4
α

Course 5
O

Input Parameters

Wall Batter angle α = 0 deg.

Effective plane of rear wall β = 81 deg.
Slope of Retaining fill ε = 0 deg.
Properties of Back Fill
Density ϒs = 18 kN/m3
Soil Friction angle Φ = 30 deg.
Wall Friction angle δ = 27 deg.
Soil Friction for foundation δf = 30 deg.
Geotextile to be used Yes  No
Consider Weight of soil for stability - Yes  No
Properties of Gabion Wall
Density of Gabion Wall ϒg = 23 kN/m3
Dimensions of Gabion Wall
Course Height Width Offset
1 0.6 0.4 0.9
2 0.5 0.8 0.5
3 1 1.25 0.5
4 1 1.5 0.5
5 1 2 0.5
6 1 2.5 0.5
7 1 3 0.5
8 1 4 0
9
10
base = 4m
Surcharge Po = 10 KN/m2

Coulomb's Analysis

Coefficient of Active Thrust =

ka

ka = 0.387

Active Thrust due to soil

Pa soil = = 175.401 kN/m run

Pa surcharge = = 27.449 kN/m run

Pa = Pa soil +Pa surcharge = 202.851 kN/m run

Resolving Pa into the horizontal and Vertical Thrust
Pv

Ph = Pa
= 164.110 kN
d
Pv = Ph
= 119.233 kN
β

Considering Inclination as Zero

Coarse Width Height Area Weight Offset Center of Gravity Area Moments
From O x-x y-y x-x y-y
1 0.4 0.6 0.24 5.52 0.9 1.1 6.8 0.264 1.632
2 0.8 0.5 0.4 9.2 0.5 0.9 6.25 0.36 2.5
3 1.25 1 1.25 28.75 0.5 1.125 5.5 1.40625 6.875
4 1.5 1 1.5 34.5 0.5 1.25 4.5 1.875 6.75
5 2 1 2 46 0.5 1.5 3.5 3 7
6 2.5 1 2.5 57.5 0.5 1.75 2.5 4.375 6.25
7 3 1 3 69 0.5 2 1.5 6 4.5
8 4 1 4 92 0 2 0.5 8 2
9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
14.89 342.47 25.28025 37.507
Soil Fill
Over 1 0 0 0 0 0.9 1.3 6.8 0 0
Over 2 0 0.6 0 0 0.5 1.3 6.25 0 0
Over 3 0 1.1 0 0 0.5 1.75 5.5 0 0
Over 4 0 2.1 0 0 0.5 2 4.5 0 0
Over 5 0 3.1 0 0 0.5 2.5 3.5 0 0
Over 6 0 4.1 0 0 0.5 3 2.5 0 0
Over 7 0 5.1 0 0 0.5 3.5 1.5 0 0
Over 8 0.5 6.1 3.05 54.9 0 4.25 0.5 233.325 1.525
Over 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Over 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
3.05 54.9 233.325 1.525

Center of gravity of Gabion wall,

xg = Area Moment = 1.698
Area

yg = Area Moment = 2.519

Area

Correcting for Wall inclination

Xg = xg cos α + yg sin α = 1.698

Check for Overturning

Effective height to the point of Active Thrust

dh soil = H/3 = 2.367

due to inclination,
dh = dh soil - b*sin α = 2.367

Overturning Moment

Mo = Ph * dh = 388.393

Resisting Moment

1. Due to Vertical Component of Active thrust

MR 1 = Pv * bv
Where bv = bw cos α - dh soil = 3.625
 tan β

MR 1 = 432.237 KNm

2. Resistance due to Self weight of the Gabion Wall

Wg = 342.47 kN
Xg = 1.698 m
MR2 = Wg * Xg = 581.4458 KNm

Total Resisting Moment

= MR1 + MR2 = 1013.683 KNm

Factor of Safety Against Overturning

= Resisting Moment
Overturning Moment
= 2.609942

The Section is Safe against overturning, FOS >2

Check for sliding

Sliding Force = Horizontal component of the active thrust

T = Ph = 164.110 KN

Normal force to the plane of sliding (N)

N = Wg + Pv
= 461.703 kN

Horizontal Sliding Force

= T cos α - N sin α
= 164.110 kN

Resisting Vertical Force against sliding

= N cos α + T sin α
Fv = 461.703 kN

δf = Foundation Friction Angle

δf = 30 deg.

Hence Resultant Resisting force against Sliding

Fv' = Fv tan δ = 266.5641

Factor of Safety Against Sliding

FOS = Resisting Force = 1.624305

Sliding Force

The Section is Safe against sliding FOS >1.5

Check for Bearing

Eccentricity on the base

e = B/2 - MR - Mo
N
e = 0.645687 m

Eccentricity Falls within the One third rule

Direct Stress = N = 115.4257 KN/m2

A
σd = 115.426 kN/m2

Bending Stress = 6N*e = 111.7933

 bd2
σb = 111.793 kN/m2

σ max = σd + σb

= 227.219 KN/m2

σ min = σd - σb

= 3.632 kN/m2