CIGRE-Over Head Line Fault Locator PDF

CIGRE
INDIA
Prashant Das Tauruspowertronics Pvt. Ltd

prashant.das@tauruspowertronics.com www.tauruspowertronics.com 1
• Transmission lines constitute more than 60% of asset of power
transmission.
• They traverse an incredible range of kilometer in harsh

environments, climates and terrains.
• In India many of the Transmission lines currently in service

Transmissio were built in the 1960s and 70s and are subject to many
problems including ageing.
n lines
• With growing demands, there is huge expectations from
transmission companies to keep the transmission line uptime
near to 100%.
• Hence accurate fault location, health check / monitoring the

same is very much essential.
Type of
common
faults in All Types of Open & Short Category faults
overhead
Transmission
lines

• Pre-Commissioning Check of EHV Lines –Continuity,
Overhead Phase Sequence, line length verification.
Transmission • Ascertaining line healthiness before re-Charging.
line fault
• For Preventive & Predictive Maintenance of
locator & existing EHV Lines.
Analyzer
• Restore the EHV lines ASAP to maintain UP TIME.

Fault OVER HEADTRANSMISSIONLINE FAULT
LOCATOR (OHFL)
Locator and
types of • Online
fault locator • Offline

• ONLINE-Systems works on the principal of power
system Parameters & Data is taken during stressed
OHFL breakdown condition and this data is in percentage
accuracy depending on the residual impedance of
Basic the line.
Principals of
• OFFLINE-Systems works on the principal of Multiple
working pulse Eco Co-relation technique & doesn't require
any input parameters for accurate fault finding.

• Each Line require one dedicated
equipment.
Online • It is not helpful for spur lines.
• Open Circuit faults can’t locate through
method online systems.
some of it’s • Fault locating accuracy may vary in
limitations percentage. (+/_ 10% or more)
• Pre-Commissioning tests are not possible.

• Advanced high frequency multiple pulse
co-relation technique
• How it works:
Offline - High frequency Coded pulse sent in to
the powerline
method - picks up different types of disturbance
and location
- Information Decoded
- Generates User Friendly Report and gives
complete vision of the line end to end

• It’ is accurate up to +/- 100Mtr.
• One equipment is enough for whole sub station.
Offline • It can be used for Spur line fault locating.
• Pre –Commissioning tests are possible.
methods • Offline system can identify the secondary faults
and it’s before re charging the line.
• It can find out Open Circuit faults.
advantages • Does not require any complimentary system at other
end of the sub station.
• It can Locate faults up to 2500KM.

Offline • Fault Locator(Breakdown): For finding the faults at
accurate distance.
OHFL
Diagnostic • Line Signature Analysis: for understanding the
healthiness of the line.
outputs

Overhead • Apart from finding dead faults , useful for
predictive and preventive maintenance-
transmission i) It can detect developing faults .
line fault ii) It can detect nature of the fault(Open/Short)
iii) It can indicate severity of the fault (Level of the
locator Faults).
• Less time to find faults and its location.
benefits • Healthiness check up for the entire line .

• Short circuit Fault
• De-capping
Case • All jumpers not through in Quad line
Studies • Leaky Insulators
• Clearance related problems
• High frequency effects on transmission lines

CASE STUDIES SHORT CIRCUIT FAULT at 112 KM
Short circuit Fault

De-capping
All jumpers not through in
Quad line
Leaky Insulators
Clearance related problems
High frequency effects on
transmission lines

CASE
STUDIES Decapping Fault at 69 Km in B Phase
Short circuit Fault Decapping

De-capping Fault
Quad line
Leaky Insulators
Clearance related
problems
transmission
Prashant Das
lines Tauruspowertronics Pvt. Ltd
CASE
STUDIES ALL JUMPERS NOT THROUGH AT 55 KM
Short circuit Fault

De-capping
All jumpers not through
in Quad line
Leaky Insulators
Clearance related
problems
transmission
Prashant Das
CASE
STUDIES Corona due to loose jumper
Short circuit Fault

De-capping
Quad line
Leaky Insulators
Clearance related
problems
transmission
Prashant Das
CASE
SIGNATURE AFTER THROUGH JUMPER
STUDIES
Short circuit Fault

De-capping
Quad line
Leaky Insulators
Clearance related
problems
transmission
Prashant Das
CASE
Flashover insulator at 5.8 and 5.3 KM
STUDIES
Short circuit Fault

De-capping
Quad line
Leaky Insulators
Clearance related
problems
transmission
Prashant Das
CASE
STUDIES
Short circuit Fault

De-capping
Quad line
Leaky Insulators
Clearance related
problems
transmission
Prashant Das
CASE
STUDIES Trees very close to Transmission Line in B-phase
Short circuit Fault

De-capping
Quad line
Leaky Insulators
Clearance related
problems
transmission
Prashant Das
CASE
STUDIES After Removal of trees
Short circuit Fault

De-capping
Quad line
Leaky Insulators
Clearance related
problems
transmission
Prashant Das
CASE
STUDIES
• Line Signature Analyser could identify the stress of the line
caused by high frequency noise flowing on the surface of
insulators and flashover.
• Line Signature Analyser printout with and without filters

reveal the presence of several kV’s of high frequency noise
Short circuit Fault and really a cause for flash over of insulators
De-capping
All jumpers not through in • The noise was later found due to parallel HVDC lines and
Quad line thyristor switching action
Leaky Insulators
Clearance related
problems
transmission
Prashant Das
CASE
Annexure –A without filter
STUDIES Padghe – BBLR – gain 1 without filter-Lots of noise
Short circuit Fault

De-capping
Quad line
Leaky Insulators
Clearance related
problems
transmission
Prashant Das
CASE
Annexure – B with HVDC filter
STUDIES Padghe – BBLR– Gain1 No noise observed
Short circuit Fault

De-capping
Quad line
Leaky Insulators
Clearance related
problems
transmission
Prashant Das
Case Studies of 25 lines taken in a Transmission ZONE during 2011-2012 . Statistics are based on the OnM internal
CASE record maintained for 365 days
STUDIES Without OHFL
With
No. Of
Ideally Time
Time taken
Average with taken to Tota
OHFL time time Lines in Total to find
Line No. of OHFL OHFL find OHFL l EXTRA
taken to taken to the Zone Trippi fault in
Lengths in Tripping time used fault not time HOUR
rectify the rectify (Total ngs in HRS
KMs in a would at with used take S
fault in a fault in a Sample 25 a Year without
Year/Line have OHFL in n
line (Hrs) line lines) OHFL (Hrs)
taken ( Hrs)
(Hrs)
OFFLINE 0 to 150
15 3 19 3 57
171 30 90 27 405 495 324
KMs hrs places hrs places hrs hrs hrs
OVERHEAD
LINE FAULT
150 to 32 5 20 3 95 115 83
LOCATOR 250 Kms
19 4 4 2 8
hrs Places hrs Places hrs hrs hrs
250 to 16 1 4 1 23 27 11
23 4 2 2 4
350 Kms hrs places hrs place hrs hrs hrs

Case Case Studies of 73 new lines in a Utility Transmission company in India
Studies
No. of lines
No of Tripping
No.of Lines signature successfully charged
KV of the line No.of Lines Without Line
test was done after Signature
Signature test
Analyzer
OFFLINE OHFL 132KV 5 3 3 3
Line 220KV 20 11 9 9
Signature
400KV 40 16 14 14
765KV 8 3 3 3

Important
parameters- • Equipment should be Portable & Battery operated.
• Induction Voltage Suppression capability.
while • Auto Impedance matching facility for the kit to be
choosing an used in any EHV Lines.
overheadtransmis • Instrument should be EMI/EMC Compliance.
sion line fault
locator

PAPER
Presented by
POWERGRID IN CBIP
– INTERNATIONAL
CONFERENCE
Using Offline Fault

Locator
TO DIAGNOSE THE
TRANSMISSION LINE

29
Thank
you for For more information Write to :
your PRASHANT DAS
attendan prashant.das@tauruspowertronics.com
+91 9766355355
ce

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CIGRE

Prashant Das Tauruspowertronics Pvt. Ltd

• They traverse an incredible range of kilometer in harsh

• In India many of the Transmission lines currently in service

• Hence accurate fault location, health check / monitoring the

Prashant Das Tauruspowertronics Pvt. Ltd

Prashant Das Tauruspowertronics Pvt. Ltd

Prashant Das Tauruspowertronics Pvt. Ltd

Prashant Das Tauruspowertronics Pvt. Ltd

Prashant Das Tauruspowertronics Pvt. Ltd

Prashant Das Tauruspowertronics Pvt. Ltd

Prashant Das Tauruspowertronics Pvt. Ltd

Prashant Das Tauruspowertronics Pvt. Ltd

Prashant Das Tauruspowertronics Pvt. Ltd

Prashant Das Tauruspowertronics Pvt. Ltd

Short circuit Fault

Prashant Das Tauruspowertronics Pvt. Ltd

Short circuit Fault Decapping

Short circuit Fault

Short circuit Fault

Short circuit Fault

Short circuit Fault

Short circuit Fault

Short circuit Fault

Short circuit Fault

• Line Signature Analyser printout with and without filters

Short circuit Fault

Short circuit Fault

Prashant Das Tauruspowertronics Pvt. Ltd

OFFLINE OHFL 132KV 5 3 3 3

Prashant Das Tauruspowertronics Pvt. Ltd

Prashant Das Tauruspowertronics Pvt. Ltd

Using Offline Fault

Prashant Das Tauruspowertronics Pvt. Ltd

your PRASHANT DAS

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