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Actual Questions
05 June 2017 17:48

Composition and 1. What is your perception of the slowing down of industrial growth in India from the mid 1960s till the mid / late
Trends 1970s. (2009, II, 20)
2. What was the shortages faced by manufacturing sector at the dawn of independence? 2010

Role of public 1. Whether public and private investments in India are complementary or competing? (2009, II, 20)
and private 2. Delineate the trends in the growth and industrial composition of public sector in India during pre liberalisation
sector period. 2012

1. Analyse the performance of MSMEs during last five years ending 2006-07. What are the major initiatives taken
Small scale and by he government to revitalise micro, small and medium enterprises 2008
cottage 2. What is your perception of the role of small scale and cottage industries in the present context of the Indian
industries economy? (2009, II, 20)
3. A number of production lines were reserved for small scale sector in pre liberalisation period. Did such
reservation achieved its objectives?
4. What was the impact of policy reservation in favour of small scale industries in India during the post-
independence but pre-liberalisation era? (2015, 10)

New Economic 1. Comment on the recent moves towards liberalization and their effects on Indian industry. (2007, II, 20)
Policy

Strategy of 1. Write a detailed note on the import substitution and export promotion strategy of India. (2007, II, 60)
industrialisation  2. It was needless export pessimism that led India to adopt import substitution strategy of industrialization in the
pre-liberalization period. Critically examine
3. Discuss the recent initiatives for augmenting power generation in India. (2015, 10)
4. What are the main components of the National Manufacturing Policy, 2014 ? Discuss (2015, 15)
5. Explain the recent policy initiatives for enhancing crude oil and natural gas production in India.(2015, 15)

6. Q. What were the shortages faced by manufacturing sector in India at the dawn of independence? (2010, II, 10)

Privatisation, 1. Is privatization a boon or a bane for India? Discuss (2007, II, 20)
Disinvestment 2. The initial rationale for growth of public sector is no longer valid since the Indian economy now has a strong
industrial base. Do you agree or disagree with this statement. Justify. 2008
3. Critically examine the arguments usually put forward in favor of disinvestment of public sector enterprises.
(2009, II, 20)
4. Can disinvestment in public sector be sustainable alternative for raising resources for government expenditure
(2012, 12)
5. Write the present policy of disinvestment of GoI. What modifications will you suggest? (2013, 25)

Role of FDI and 1. Examine the role of FDI in the Indian economy empirically. (2009, II, 20)
MNCs 2. Compare the role of FDI and FII in India's economic development. Are FDIs preferable to portfolio investments?
Evaluate. (2011, II, 30)
3. Why is capital inflow through MNCs preferred over foreign debt? (2012, 30) 
4. Write for and against FDI in retail trade of India. (2014, 15)
5. There is a need for an ‘apex agency' monitor and to regulate the entry
and functioning of transnational corporations in the context of India’s
broader national interest. Give arguments in support of your answer (2015,15)

1. National and Per- 1. Provide an analytical description of growth and change in the Indian
Capita Income: economy during the period from 1950-51 to 1966-67. (2009, II, 60)
Patterns, Trends, 2. Highlight structural changes in Indian economy before 1991. (2014)
Aggregate, Sectoral 3. What are the major factors that affected growth in post independence India till
Composition 1991 (2015, 15)
4. Q. Write on second generation economic reforms in India. (2011, II, 15)

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Broad factors 5. What factors determine size and composition of national income? Contrast
determining NI and the scenarios pre and post liberalisation. (2012, 30)
distribution 6. What do you mean by Hindu rate of growth? Why has it been argued that
poverty cannot be eradicated under Hindu rate of growth?(2012,II,10)
7. Trace growth of real per capita income in India in pre liberalisation period,
keeping in view interplay of increasing population and real income. (2012,
12)
8. Population is not just a denominator to deflate aggregates. It is determined
by level and pattern of economic development. Comment (2012, 20)
9. How does population growth affect economic development of a country ?
Can the age structure of population alter the pattern of development in
a country ? Examine in the light of the Indian experience (2015, 20)
10. India has been over-tertiarised. Do you agree (2010,20)
11. The declining share of commodity producing sectors and rising share of
Services is creating imbalances of far reaching consequences. Analyse
(2011, 30)
12. Indian growth model is service led while China’s is manufacturing led, show
implications of two model for sustainable development (2014, 10)
13. It is often said that the prime generator of economic growth in India in the post-
liberalisation period has been the service sector. Do you agree
with this view ? What has been its implication on the balance of
payments in India ? (2015, 20)
14. Skill development and thereby raising labour productivity like that in China
would be the only panacea for long term growth in India. Discuss. (2014,10)
15. How can e-governance tackle the issue of corruption and inefficiency in
government to lead to higher growth rate.  (2014, 15)
16. In the context of the information technology revolution, Digital India
Programme, is a significant instrument of administrative reforms. Do
you agree? (2015, 20)
17. Second generation economic reforms are crucial for raising growth rate of
economy. Throw light on those dimensions. (2014, 10)
18.

Measures and Trends in 1. Discuss the nature and incidence of rural poverty in India. What suggestions
poverty do you offer to solve it?  - 20 , 2007
2. Examine critically the economic reforms underway since 1991 with reference
to their effect on inequality, poverty reduction and vulnerability to external
shocks. 
3. NOT REQUIRED - Carefully examine and analyze the argument that over the
last 2 decades there is an increasing divergence between the incidence of
poverty based on the planning commission's expert committee methodology
and that based on calorie intakes as obtained from the national sample
surveys. (2009, II, 60)
4. Discuss the poverty trends - both rural and urban, between 1973-74 and
2004-05 across states in terms of pace of reduction and concentration and
relate them with changes in growth rates between the pre and the post
liberalization periods. (2010, II, 60)
5. Critically assess the Tendulkar committee's approach to measuring poverty in
India. (2010, II, 15)
6. Recent trends show that poverty incidence in urban areas is higher than its
rural counterpart in more prosperous states. What factors, do you think,
explain this? (2010, II, 20)
7. Discuss Amartya Sen's poverty measure and recent advances in poverty
measurement. (2011, II, 15)
8. "By restricting the social benefits to BPL households, the poverty line will be
fully converted from a statistical benchmark to a real life social division"
(Dreze). Discuss. (2011, II, 15)
9. Poverty alleviation strategy of the day is moving ahead of redistribution with
growth of Chenery and World Bank and Dreze and Sen's growth mediated
security and support led security strategies to empowerment, opportunities
and security lines. Elaborate. (2011, II, 30)
10. Discuss various measures of poverty with policy implications for removal of
poverty.(2012,20)
11. Explain why inspite  of poverty alleviation schemes number of poor has not
fallen much. (2012,10)
12. How is development looked upon by AK Sen in terms freedom and poverty
as  unfreedoms. Point out his narration of five dimensions of poverty.
(2013,10)

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13. How are absolute and relative poverty measured? What modification in it has
been suggested by Amartya Sen? What are recent advances in area of
poverty measurement? Discuss (2013,10)
14. What are the consequences of deviation form socialistic and mixed economy
path especially for a person BPL? (2014,10)
15. Highlight the issues of Bhagwati- Sen controversy over tacking poverty and
slow growth rate. (2014, 10)
16. Elaborate growth mediated security and support led security strategies of
poverty alleviation given by Dreze and Sen (2014, 20)
17. Market economy excludes poor from the consumer as well as
 employment market. Discuss how one can safeguard the interests of 
population below poverty line (2015)
18. Vitalization of rural economy is key to inclusive growth which is possible
through strategic management and technology up gradation (2014, 15)

INEQUALITY 1. Compare the strategies of trickle down growth with inclusive growth. Why
should strategy of inclusive growth be preferred? (2012, 20)
2. Growth and inequalities are directly related. Comment critically.
3. Explain why inspite of economic planning income distribution has turned more
unequal through time. (2012,II,10)
4. Write on dichotomy of development and urban bias in Indian economy. (2013,
10)
5. In Indian economy, dichotomy of development emerged during pre reform
period despite efforts of holistic development. Delineate the factors responsible
for it. (2014)
6. The ‘dichotomy of development’ in India emerged owing to ‘governance
deficit’ and ‘crony capitalism’. Examine. (2015, 15)
7. Explain the main factors which hindered the trickle down and agenda of
inclusive growth is being pressed for economic justice (2014, 10)
8. Elitist bias and crony capitalism have eclipsed the issues of efficient and
distributive justice in India. Elaborate (2014, 20)
9. Why socialistic model of development could not bring equitable distribution of
income in India and country remained on low growth path (2014, 10)

NEP and Employment 1. Account for changes in employment pattern in India after liberalisation. What
are your suggestions for employment security in informal sector of economy?
(2013, 25)
2. Employment pattern in India in post reform period has moved in favour
of contractual, casual and self employment. How public sector employment
deceleration would impact future of labour market in India? Elaborate
(2014,10)
3. Examine the labour policy and its impact on employment (labour) market in
India. (2014, 15)

Employment and
Poverty

Rural Wages

Employment 1. Make a critical assessment of the National Rural Employment Guarantee

Generation, New Rural Scheme of India. (2007, II, 60)
Employment Guarantee 2. Not relevant now What are the key elements of SGSY? What are the main problems
Scheme, Poverty in its implementation (2010,II, 20)
Alleviation Schemes 3. Analyze the impact of MNREGA on rural and urban wages and rural migration.
(2011, II, 20)
4. NREGS should be reoriented to create permanent assets to promote
employment and generate income in rural sector. Critically evaluate (2014,
20)
5. Rural poverty continues to be a chronic problem in India, which cannot
be taken care of by anti-poverty programmes but by creation of
permanent productive assets. Discuss

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External Sector
1. Q. Examine whether External Commercial Borrowings are a good source of funding Indian industry. (2008,
20)
2. Q. Examine the validity of the proposition that cutting imports would lead to reduction of growth in case of
Indian economy. (2008,20)
3. Q. What ar main objectives of SEZ Act? Critically examine benefits realised and criticism as regards SEZ.
Would you support SEZ policy? (2008, 60)
4. Q. TRIPS runs counter to the neoliberal argument in favour of competition. Is this fair assessment? Discuss
(2009, 20)
5. Q. Bring out the broad changes in the level, composition and direction of Indian exports and imports since
liberalization in India. (2010, II, 40)
6. Q. What are four modes of GATS? Which has been preferred by India (2010,15)
7. Q. Write on unfinished agenda of Doha negotiations of WTO (2011, 15)
8. Q. Write on Indo-ASEAN trade relations (2011, 15)
9. Q. Is India ready for full capital account convertibility? (2011, 15)
10. Q. Write in brief on SEZ and their socio-economic repercussions. (2011, II, 20)
11. Q. Examine the challenges to export diversification and increase in export competitiveness of India. (2011, II,
20)
12. Q.NOT REQUIRED In view of the fresh fears of global financial crisis arising out of decelerating credit ratings
of US and sovereign debt crisis in peripheral Euro zone economies, analyze its likely impact on India's trade
and growth performance. Suggest measures to contain it. (2011, II, 40)
13. Q. Would a flexible exchange rate suit India better than fixed in current international scenario? (2012, 12)
14. Q. Discuss salient features of TRIPS and Indian position on GIs and plant breeders’ rights. (2012, 30)
15. Q.Examine new EXIm policy. Given competition in trade, what corrective measures would you suggest to
make it more successful in boosting Indian exports (2012, 30)
16. Q. Partial capital account convertibility cannot serve the purpose of integrating Indian economy with global
economy. Analyse critically (2013, 10)
17. Q.NOT REUIRED What are key initiative in FTP 2009-14 for market diversification and technological up
gradation to boost exports? (2013, 10)
18. Q. Discuss the issues involved in CAC. Explain India’s important CA Liberalisation measures (2014, 15)
19. Q.Subsidy is contentious issue and roadblock in WTO. Examine India’s stand for protecting tis farmers. (2014,
20)
20. Q. Write on Look East policy of India (2014, 15)
21. Q. Wtire for and against FDI in retail trade of India (2014, 15)

Monetary policy

Monetary SD 1. Examine the nature and causes of inflation in India. Critically examine the
System and measures adopted by authorities to control it. (2007,60). 
Role of RBI
Done 2. Examine main aspects of role of RBI under present liberalised regime as
compared to regime prior to 1991.(2009,20)
See Macro
Copy Not 3. What are implications of replacement of Prime Lending rate by base rate system
Needed (2010,15)

Not 4. Critically examine : RBI’s measures to contain inflation have compromised

Needed growth. (2011, 30)

Not 5. Examine the inflationary process in last three years. What are the steps taken by
Needed the government? (2012, 12)

SD 6. An underdeveloped money and capital market has been a major cause of slow

economic growth. Give relative importance of financial sector vis a vis real sector
in Indian economy (2013, 25)

Done 7. Inflation is not purely a monetary phenomenon in India and hence scope of
monetary policy of RBI to contain it is limited. Discuss (2013, 25)

Done 8. What are the major factors behind accumulation of non-performing
assets in the Indian banking sector in recent years ? Discuss. - 2015 - 10
DO after
reading 9. Discuss the need and justification for banking sector reforms in India
Banking

Ditto - DOUBT 10. Financial inclusion is one of the most essential components of inclusive

too growth/ Comment.

Do after
reading from

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Jhingan - Ch 71 11. Non-banking financial institutions need to be effectively regulated and
monitored in India. Can you suggest some measures in this direction ?

AGRICULTURE

A. Land reforms 1. Q. Evaluate the track record of land reform in India in its various aspects, bringing out inter-
and land tenure state differences. How would  you interpret this record? (2009, II, 60)
system. 2. Q. What are the components of Land reforms in India? Has it been completed? If not, then
what are the obstacles? (2013, 10)
3. Q. Why are Land reforms still not completed in India?  what are the obstacles? (2014, 15)

B. Green 1. Q. "The success of green revolution shows the importance of state in agrarian
Revolution transformation." Comment. (2009, II, 20)
2. Q. India urgently needs yet another green revolution by infusing modern technologies like ICT
and space technologies and strategic management technologies and strategic management
techniques to come up with demand side pressures resulting in persistent food inflation in the
economy. Do you agree? (2011, II, 30)
3. Q. Why Green Revolution lost its steam and India needs yet another Green revolution of
evergreen revolution. Discuss (2014, 20)

C. Capital 1. Q. Analyze the recent trend of gross capital formation in agriculture. Has it, do you think, been
formation in responsible for the sluggish growth rate in agriculture? (2011, II, 30)
agriculture

D. New 1. Q. What is your opinion on the view that economic reform process has largely bypassed
Economic agriculture? (2015, 15)
reform and
agriculture

E. Agriculture 1. Q. Subsidy is a contentious issue and roadblock in WTO.Examine India’s stand for protecting its
and WTO farmers’ interest  (2014, 20)

F.  Food 1. Q. Agro based industries, especially food processing units, can alter the fate of India. Discuss
Processing (2015, 15)

G. Subsidies 1. Q. Do you agree that focussed and target oriented technological interventions under NFSM
have made significant impact since its inception? Justify (2013, 10)
2. Q. What are the different types of agricultural subsidies given to Indian farmers? How can
these be rationalised? (2015, 15)

H. Agricultural 1. Q. Critically evaluate the reasons for fluctuations in agricultural prices in India. What would
Prices and I. the components of an optimum agriculture price policy regime for India? (2007, 60)
Public 2. Q. High MSP induce distortions, some of which ultimately hurt poor. Explain its merits and
Distribution demerits. (2015, 15)
System What has been the impact of targeted PDS on food security of rural poor? (2009, 20)
Examine the success of targeted PDS in achieving tis objectives (2010, 30)

J. Impact of 1. Q. "Declining public expenditure in agriculture is largely responsible for deceleration in growth
public in this sector in India." Critically examine the validity of this statement. (2010, II, 20)
expenditure on
agricultural
growth

General 1. Q. What are the constituents of an optimal agricultural export policy for India (2005, 60)
2. Q. Distinguish between cooperative, contractual and corporate farming. Which of these is best
suited for India and why? (2012, 20)
3. Q. What factors are responsible for slow growth in agriculture? What steps ought to be taken
for sustained growth? (2012, 12)

Pre- Independence
2016 - In copy
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1. Give a critical account of the underdevelopment of India during British rule. (2007, 20)
2. Basically it was British colonialism that has led to economic backwardness and vicious circle of poverty in
India. Critically comment on the statement  by giving factual rationale in light tot Indian economy since
independence. (2008, 60)
3. Q. Discuss the policy of discriminating protection and its impact on Indian industrial development during the 
£ period. (2011, II, 15)
4. Q. Discuss the process of forced commercialization of agriculture under the colonial rule. (2009, II,
20)
5. Q. During the British rule, commercialisation of agriculture was forced on the farmers, while now it is
the need of the hour. (2012, 12)
6. Q. Compare and contrast the 'Swadesi' of 1905 and the 'Swadesi' promoted later by Mahatma Gandhi. (2010
, II, 20)
7. Q. Gunder Frank held that development of one part of the world causes underdevelopment of another part. 
Does it explain industrialization of £ and the de-
industrialization of India during the £ raj? Assess. (2010, II, 30)
8. Q. Is Gunder Frank's above view still valid in the contemporary world? Substantiate your answer. (2010, II, 20
)
9. Q. Write on drain theory developed by Dadabhai Naoroji. How does it explain sustained poverty in India?
(2013,12)

Fiscal 
1. Examine the role of indirect taxed in India’s economic development. 2007, 20
2. Q. Examine the progress of tax reforms in India. (2007, II, 20)
3. Q. Critically examine the rationale and implications of FRBM Act 2003. (2008, 20)
4. Q. Discuss the implications of high i inflation on Indian economy (2008, 60)
5. Q.NOT NEEDED Critically assess the key recommendations of the 12th finance commission. (2009, II, 20)
6. Q. Critically examine the fiscal federal system as it operates in India presently. What improvements would you
suggest? (2010, II, 30)
7. Q. How is GST different form VAT? NOT NEEDED - What is grand bargain suggested by 13th FC for GST
implementation (2012, 20)
8. Q. Explain the salient features of FRBMA. Explain to what extent has GoI been able to adhere to it? (2012, 30)
9. Q.Explore the nature of tax reforms India needs to ensure "inclusive growth", spelling out their basic
components as you see them. (2009, II, 60)

73rd, 74th amendment

1. Q. State the role of State Finance Commissions in India, with particular reference to rural economy (2010, 20)
2. Q. Discuss recommendation of 13th FC with regard to local government resources (2012, 20)
1. See this - http://www.epw.in/journal/2010/30/insight/have-state-finance-commissions-fulfilled-their-
constitutional-mandates.html
3. Q. Distinguish between fiscal and political federalism How has fiscal federalism been evolving in relation to SCS
in particular and other states in general.  (2012, 20)
4. Q. Discuss the salient economic features of 73rd and 74th CA acts. (2011, II, 20)
5. Q. Delineate the role of the district planning committee. (2010, II, 15)

Planning
1. In a supply constrained economy, how was it argued in India in the 1950s that deficit financing would help raise the
growth rate? In hindsight analyze the validity of this view. (2010, II, 30)
2. Growth of Indian economy was not commensurate with level of investments during first four decades of planning.
Give reasons. (2008, 20)
3. Q. Is economic planning relevant in the context of the globalized economy of India? Elucidate. (2007, II, 20)
4. Q. Discuss Gadgil contributions to Indian Economic Planning and Policy. Evaluate the key elements of Gadgil
formula used by PC. (2010, 20)
5. Q. Throw light on wage goods model of CN Vakil and PR Brahmanand. (2011, II, 15)
6. Q. Elaborate on Gandhian versus Nehruvian visions of Indian development. Do you think Gandhian approach is
again attracting scholars and people? Give reasons. (2011, II, 30)
7. Q. Throw light on the PURA model of rural development. (2011, II, 15)
8. Discuss views of VKRV Rao on deficit financing (2012, 12)
9. Q. Mixed economy is an outcome of the compromise between laissez faire capitalism and socialist’s state control
of resources. Mention its salient features. (2013, 12)
10. Q. State basic features of Mahalanobis Model (2013, 12)
11. Q. Do you think Gandhian vision of development is still relevant in India? Explain (2014, 15)

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