Lecture 17 - summary

Topic: How to describe deformation (cont’d from lecture 16)

Goal is to develop a mathematical language to describe deformation

Topics covered:

1.) Review and example – deformation gradient tensor (main tool) Deformation gradient:

⎡β 0 0⎤
∆y
Deformation
∆y (Fij ) = ⎢⎢ 0 1 0⎥
⎥
∆x ⎢⎣ 0 0 1⎥⎦
β ∆x
2.) Applications to:
dΩ d
2.1 Volume change J= = det F J = Jacobian

dΩ0

2.2 Surface normal / surface area change

r
( )
n da = J F
T −1 r
⋅ NdA

2.3 Length change

r T
( r r
) r
L − L = dX ⋅ F F −1 ⋅ dX = dX ⋅ 2E ⋅ dX
2
d
2
0
E = F F −1
T Strain
tensor
∆Lα relative length variation in
λα = 2Eαα + 1 −1
L0,α the α-direction
2Eαβ

2.4 Angle change sin θα ,β =

(1 + λα )(1 + λβ )