Im

x2

idc
x1
S1 S2 S3
Re
L, R i1 udc xq
e1
L, R i2 C e j
e2
L, R i3
e3 x3
/S1 /S2 /S3 xd x qd

Fig. 1. Circuit Diagram of a three phase Voltage Source Fig. 3. Orientation of three phase and d-q
Converter. systems in a complex plane.

idc

e1 1 i1 1 udc
R s L sC
d1

idc
u dc
e2 1 i2 eq 1 iq 3 1
R s L R 
sL 2 sC
d2 1 dq
3

e3 1 i3 dd
R s L
d3
ed 1 id
R 
sL

Fig. 2. Block diagram of the power circuit of a three Fig. 4. Stationary reference frame d-q model of
phase VSC. a three phase VSC.