CULTURAL IMMERSION REPORT

Shamell Berry-Battle

Cultural Immersion Report

AHS-8100

Wilmington University

July 22nd, 2018

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ABSTRACT

In North America, our Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer culture is thriving. Many of

the differences in cultures over the years have intertwined so much so that we oftentimes see the

development of similarities which causes cross-culture and sub-cultures alike. With our LGBTQ culture, we

subconsciously think of it as being this vast amount of people in the world who are in same sex

relationships. Being a part of this culture is so much more than just that. It’s a movement that spans centuries

although depicted in modern times as the story no one wants to tell; it is quite fascinating.

INTRODUCTION

For the LGBTQ culture, intersectionality plays a major part. As per the Merriam-Webster

dictionary, intersectionality is “The theory that the overlap of various social identities such as race, gender,

sexuality, and class, contributes to the specific type of systemic oppression and discrimination experienced

by an individual.” (Merriam-Webster, 2018) Kimberle` Crenshaw started using the term intersectionality

over thirty years ago to manage the fact that social problems overlap and create various levels of social

injustice for countless non-white Americans, mainly, African American Women. (YW Boston Blog,

2017). What I’ve gathered from this reading is intersectionality oftentimes refers to non-white cultures. For

instance, an individual who is part of the LGBTQ culture may be an African American man, who identifies

as transgender. On the outside, now he is considered an African American woman therefore he will

experience the plight of African American women all the same. The problems that he may face in his

lifetime could very well be a combination of: racial discrimination, homo, trans, or xenophobia’s, sexism,

ableism, and classism. As it pertains to his race, sexual orientation, gender identity, nationality, and

disabilities, he almost certainly will be at an instant disadvantage because he would be considered an

individual within the realms in the underbelly of North American society. (YW Boston Blog, 2017). It does

not matter how much education, how famous, or how much money this person has; the reality of living in

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America as an African American whether gay or straight, makes this individual vulnerable to having his

Human Rights snatched away from him at any moment, let alone his Civil Rights.

LGBTQ HISTORY & MAJOR MILESTONES

The collective history of our LGBTQ population is important because legally, it is shaping the

narrative of normalcy. Homosexuality is defined as “the sexual attraction or the tendency to direct sexual

desire toward another of the same sex.” (Merriam-Webster, 2018) Homosexuality has been recorded in both

drawings, and writings in many places around the world since the ancient times but for this paper the focus

will be about the legal history of Homosexuality specifically in North America. One of the earliest accounts

of homosexuality was recorded in 1646 when a man by the name of Jan Creoli, was hung and burned to

death for sodomy. Another account in 1660, where a soldier by the name of Jan Quisthout van der Linde,

who was guilty of sodomizing his servant, was tied up and threw into the river. (Das Wilhelm, 2018)

Whitehall Street in Manhattan New York which was called New Amsterdam at that time, was the place of

executions. Homosexuality continued to be a religious hinderance for colonial society and in 1778, Thomas

Jefferson wrote a law suggesting castration for sodomy. This law was vetoed by the Virginia Legislature

because hanging was considered the best form of punishment during that time. (Das Wilhelm, 2018) In

1801, The State of New York wrote into law that there would be a mandatory life sentence for sodomy.

Several states enacted laws that proposed severe punishments for sodomy. Fast forward to 1950; NY

reduced sodomy charges from felonies to misdemeanors, but it was still dangerous to try and register gay

organizations at that time. Our first gay rights groups had to use secret codes in order to register their

organizations with the federal, local and state government. In 1952, Christine Jorgensen is America’s first

trans-sexual via reassignment surgery. (Das Wilhelm, 2018) Backing up a bit to our 31st President, J. Edgar

Hoover who was believed to be a homosexual because he disallowed the attention of women and shared

kisses publicly with his then deputy Clyde Tolson. (James, 2011). In 1969, the Stonewall Riots in

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Greenwich Village, New York sparked the start of the International Gay Rights Movement. Dr. Jack

Drescher a Psychiatrist in NY is quoted as trying to explain away the damage by saying, “Denying

homosexuality is not uncommon.” “We confuse sexual orientation with sexual identity, “Some men do not

publicly identify as gay, regardless of their sexual behavior.” (James, 2011) This is an example of

disassociation where a person will deny being gay, although they show themselves living their life in the

ways of our gay culture. With the gay rights movement, opening many doors for the LGBTQ culture was a

lengthy and at times difficult process. No longer were they afraid of society taking away their right to be free

to express their sexual orientation, they fought endlessly for their right to be safe, and openly gay. With this

newly discovered strength, the Mattachine Society, and the Daughters of Bilitis organizations were some of

the organizations enacted to support their onward progression. The (APA) American Psychiatric

Association removed homosexuality from the DSM-II and joined in the support of Anti-Discrimination

Laws that helped Gay Americans in 1973. (Morris, 2018) This forced political members to consider looking

into the rights of Gay Americans and in this moment, there was the notion of Gay men in politics which

they now ran for public office. Harvey Milk ran for and was elected America’s first openly gay official in

1977. In 1981, AIDS was diagnosed for the first time here in the United States. It destroyed as well as

unified the gay community. Out of this, many health awareness organizations were formed, but that didn’t

stop the ignorance even on a federal level because during that time the United States Army declared

homosexuality incompatible and didn’t want openly gay people in the military. (Das Wilhelm, 2018) They

had to repeal that notion some years later because they could not prove that being a homosexual was a

hinderance to the duties of services needed to be performed in the Army. In entertainment, Sylvester James

Jr. known simply as (Sylvester) was both a Disco as well as Soul Vocalist. He became America’s first”

Male-Diva” of the genres of music we call Disco and opened the doors legally for non-discrimination

against those in the LGBTQ community within the music business. (Sylvester, 1977) Unfortunately, he

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passed away from Auto Immune Deficiency Syndrome in 1988. Discrimination against transgenders took a

political turn in 1993 when The State of Minnesota banned it. Knowing that politically, this is the way to get

your problems heard, the fight continued and in 2003 with a decision made by the Supreme Court; all state

sodomy laws were repealed. Same-sex marriages began in 2004 with Massachusetts being first on a state

level to legalize the union. The Supreme Court stepped in once again approving the decision to legalize

same-sex marriage in 2015 across every state in America equally under the Presidency of Barack Obama.

Of course, it took a bit of time for each state to enact the law, but this was considered an astonishing victory

for the LGBTQ Culture. (Das Wilhelm, 2018)

INDIRECT IMMERSION ACTIVITY: DOCUMENTARY (FILM)

“The Death and Life of Marsha P. Johnson is a documentary available on the streaming network

Netflix, about an African American transgender, and activist for Gay Rights who was found dead in the

Hudson River back in 1992. (France, 2017). His death was ruled out to be a suicide, although many of his

friends in the LGBT community do not believe he would have killed himself. He was shot in the head from

an angle that seems to be impossible to accomplish in a suicide attempt. One of his dear friends named

Victoria Cruz a transgender as well who is a founder of the organization: “The New York City Anti-

Violence Project,” took the time to search for possible leads in this cold case about his death but had an

extremely hard time gathering information since the crime took place so long ago. She was one of his dear

friends who’d lived and participated in events that promoted gay rights in the late 1970’s and early 1980’s.

One of the things his friend Victoria did was she looked up the detectives that worked the case. She was

unable to get answers from many of the detectives who were now retired and did not want to talk about old

cases that were closed. At times, she found they seemed to brush the issue off as if the matter was of no

significance to them. One of the detectives even went as far as threatening legal action against her for

harassment so she had to back off. She knew the dangers of law enforcement and what they are capable of

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hiding & she backed off that particular retired detective and focused on finding friends and family members

who could help piece together any part of the investigation that she may have missed. Throughout the

movie, she hit dead ends as far as gathering information went but when it was time to reminisce about

Marsha, their friends were eager to tell such beautiful stories reflecting on the memories they’d had. In

several clips of the documentary, pictures of Marsha and her friends at the Stonewall Inn, a gay bar located

in Greenwich Village, New York City showed the culture of what it was to be gay during that time. The

Stonewall Riots were a “series of confrontations that began in the early hours of June 28, 1969 between

police and gay rights activists. Out of these confrontations, an international gay rights movement was

enacted. (NY Times, 2017). Although this crime took place over 25 years ago, Victoria still pushed for

answers even though she was getting nowhere. She was unable to get any definitive answers about the death

and what happened to Marsha from police, and many of the people who could have helped her with the

investigation have already died, but she vowed to keep her memory alive and find to her killer. (France,

2017).

INTERVIEW DATA, QUESTIONS & SUMMARY:

Name: Wesley Neikam Age: 28

Gender: Male Demographics: Wilmington, De
Gender Identity: Tran-sexual Education: Finance Degree
Marital Status: Married 1 year Consent to this interview: Yes

1. What’s the time span between you coming out as openly gay and coming out as transsexual?

Were there any differences between the two?

It took about ten years of me being gay between the time I came out and the time I came out as a

transsexual. Yes, there are differences because at one point I was still considered a man and when I

decided to start the hormone treatments, I kind of knew the direction I wanted this to go.

2. Did your family embrace or shun you when you came out?
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My family embraced me, especially my mom because she knew since I was in elementary that I

was more on the feminine side. She used to let me try on her clothes when she got dressed up to go

out and she didn’t tell my dad. I used to wear her jewelry and perfume to school and she would rush

to get the smell off me before dad got home, it was hilarious!

3. How did the legalizing of same sex marriage effect you?

After I came out I was excited because before gay people were not accepted in society and now we

are in all our glory. I am happy that I was able to marry my husband that I’ve been with for 8 years.

It was one thing to make a commitment in a relationship, but to make a permanent situation legal, is

another. I had to change everything such as my medical, life and auto insurances to include a

beneficiary. It’s awesome because now I have help from someone who totally gets me u know.

4. Before making the change to identify yourself as trans-gender, did you perform in Drag

Queen Shows?

Yes. Performing in Drag Queen Shows are the best because I think that it pulled not only the best

side out of me, it holds a special place in my heart because my mother pushed me and joined me on

my first performance. It’s what made me comfortable as a gay man. I’ve always wanted to be a

woman, but I just couldn’t show how much I wanted it unless I performed because that was my

happy place.

5. With you being trans-gender now; are you happy with the DMV changes that allows you to

change your gender on your license? How does this affect you personally?

I was excited with this one too because now when people look at my license, they won’t give me

that look of shame or the good ole eye brow raise when they look at my id. Once I finish changing,

I can fill out the application and have my consignment doctor sign the document and notarize it and

then I can have it changed to match my new identity. No personal affects.

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6. As a member of the LGBT Culture, has there ever been a time where you did not feel safe?

There are lots of moments when I feel afraid, or unsafe because although we have rights now, there

are still people out there who want to hurt us simply because we are gay. There was one incident

when I went to the movies with my then boyfriend, and we kissed. A woman in the back of us got

mad and cursed us because her daughter asked her, “Why are two men kissing.” “It’s not my fault if

you don’t educate your children, this is America get with it!”

7. Tell me a time when you’ve experienced racism or discrimination.

I’ve never experienced racism or discrimination. On the other hand, my partner experiences it all

the time because he is black. He has been pulled over by the cops and given tickets for broken tail

lights that were not broken until they busted it out with the flash light, our car has been illegally

searched without a warrant, and even groped when the cops said they were searching his body for

weapons. With all of the tension it’s scary you know.

8. Are there any privileges to being gay that you weren’t afforded when you were straight?

Yes! Lots of Female friends! It is ironic that I have more straight, female friends than I have gay

male friends. Oh yeah, and clothes! There is also access to different varieties of clothes without the

dirty looks. The best thing about being gay is you can wear both men and women clothes, this

means you have the pick of the litter when you go shopping.

9. Are there any great places to socialize locally in Delaware specific to your culture?

We actually do not party here in Wilmington, we usually go down to Rehoboth Beach to the Big

Sissies Bar and Grill, and the Frog Pond which are my favorite. I know there is a place called the

Crimson Moon but there’s a lot of shootings in Wilmington, so we socialize elsewhere.

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10. There is this charity event that is held in Washington D.C. called “High Heel Drag Queen

Race”, which takes place each year before Halloween. This year it will be held on October

30th, 2018. Would you all like to participate or be interested in going to watch?

I’ve never heard of that! Absolutely, we would. Is it like dressing for a drag show? Could we wear

costumes? That sounds like a whirl of fun! I guess we should get a hotel for the event huh? I

thought you were going to ask questions trying to get all up in my business that would make me

uncomfortable. Thank you for keeping it PG! This was really fun and thanks for considering me for

the interview; “Do you want any more cookies?”

SUMMARY & SYNTHESIS

When conducting my research for this paper, I had to complete research in areas that I was not

leaning towards. The ideas that I had when I began this project were a lot different when I completed it

because I mainly knew of the fun and more flamboyant side of being gay though my uncle. What I now

realized, was that he sheltered me from being able to see the real dangers of what really goes on within this

culture. I went from feeling completely overwhelmed to wanting to give up and accept a failing grade for

this assignment by not turning it in at all. I looked at two movies, “Milk, and The Death and Life of Marsha

P. Johnson and decided on the latter because that movie had a more personal feel to it. One of the biases that

I learned from completing this project was my fear of being hit on by lesbians. I had a chance to be with

them at the Drag Brunch Event and surprisingly, I was not approached. I had to unfortunately look at myself

and give myself a mental slap because that was mean on my part. I’ve gained an overall understanding that

the people of the LGBTQ culture have their own likes and dislikes as straight people do all the same.

When conducting the interview, I was scared when I first went to my neighbor’s house because

there are two couples that live there, and they are all members of our LGBT community. I was more scared

because they are all different and I did not know what to expect. When I first arrived, I noticed another

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couple, and Wesley asked if they could sit and listen to our interview. Wesley and his husband were dressed

nice, Wesley in a salmon colored button up collared shirt with a small tie around his neck. The shirt dawns a

little flower in the pocket where men usually place ink pens, and he has on some tight black leggings and

some flip flops. and his husband in a polo styled t-shirt and cargo shorts. He offered me a seat on the living

room couch and offered me oatmeal cookies and cranberry juice. I thought the combination was odd, but I

accepted the offer and ate only 1 cookie. I started the interview by telling them that I was only going to ask

10 simple questions and I asked them to be brutally honest with me so that the interview is as authentic as

possible, in which he agreed. While answering the questions I noticed Wesley seemed relaxed although his

spouse did not. He kept looking at me and forcing a smile, shifting his legs which were crossed from one leg

to the other and then looking away from me when I made eye contact. The interview went smooth, there

were no weird pauses when I asked the more sensitive questions, and I learned a lot about places to go for

fun that even welcomes straight people. The interview took 23 minutes, and I left feeling like I’d gotten a

better understanding of the culture being a mixed couple in our LGBT community.

DIRECT IMMERSION ACTIVITY: DRAG QUEEN BRUNCH 7/22/18 12:00-3:00 PM

Traditionally, Drag Queen Shows are held in a place where it resembles a stage and then the area

for the audience holds spectators or customers. I purchased tickets to the event, “Drag Queen Brunch” @

the Queen for 7/22/18. My niece accompanied me because I couldn't find anyone to go with me at the last

minute. When we arrived, we ordered our tickets and we were seated. The atmosphere was friendly and

inviting. The waitress came over, greeted us and advised me that I could give her a credit or debit card to run

a tab for my food and beverages or pay afterwards, I ran the tab. Once seated, we ordered our food and the

menus were so cute I ordered the “Hey girl chicken and waffles”. I also ordered what I thought was coffee;

but it was coffee with Baileys and Jameson liquor in it. That coffee was both good and nasty at the same

time because it was too strong with the liquor, so I ordered another without the liquor. The queens came out

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on stage to the song, “I'm coming out,” by Diana Ross. When I first saw them the one named Morgan,

Morgan, Morgan, caught my eye because he was so tall. When I took a picture with him he said he was 6'5

without the heels and he bent down to take the picture with me. One of the first things that I also noticed was

the make-up was nice, in fact the eyelashes were the biggest I’ve seen in my life! They were lip singing and

it was cool when they came out into the crowd. I recorded some of the songs they sang. I was surprised at

how much fun I'd had in the short time we were there. What I learned from this experience was when you

immerse yourself into a culture you become them. I felt like I was a queen for a moment. I found myself

using the cultures vernacular and everything when I left. I am planning on going back with a larger group of

friends next time. They have the events each Sunday around 12:00 or 1:00 pm and the themes are always

different. Next week the theme is Disney which sounds like fun.

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PLACEMENT AGENCY’S CULTURAL COMPETENCE

Women of Courage is an organization that caters to young girls and women. What I’ve learned

during my internship is that the organization also includes transsexual members of the LGBTQ community

as well because they are considered women too. This all-inclusive style of acceptance is great because this

in my opinion, opens the doors to many other people that could help grow the organization to something

even greater than its current state. Although there are similarities when it comes to the struggles this

community has with societal constraints, there are subcultures that can enjoy their civil and human liberties

that others within this culture do not benefit from. Whenever there are reports on the LGBTQ community,

the authors leave out the subcultures. Caucasian men in the LGBTQ community have their own sub-culture

that affords them privileges not granted to the rest of the LGBTQ society.

ASSESSING THE FIELD WORK AGENCY

The culture of Women of Courage’s agency is made up of a family like all is welcome atmosphere.

When I met with the other people that help my field supervisor with the agency, they all were in good

spirits. The organization is great when it comes to planning their women empowerment and dinner events

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because they already have a template of what the set up is for each venue and how they run it is always in

the same order as the last event that was held. I really respect the fact that my field supervisor opted out of

writing for a grant because she wanted to have full control over the way in which she wanted to run her

organization. The community of the agency is a combination of whoever participates in the workshops.

ACCESS

The members of the agency get to the events via their own cars, bus, carpooling, or the field

supervisor recruits her friends and family to help her drive those who do not have transportation to the

events. This is great because this is her way of making sure that the people she recruits all have a way to

participate in her events. Standard #9: Use precautions when providing services to the public. (NOHS,

2018)

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RECEPTIVITY

There is no office building, although there are specific locations at the library my field supervisor

works out of. The Wilmington and Woodlawn libraries are both the locations that we use to meet up. I am

okay with using these locations although whenever we use them we are rushed out fifteen minutes before

our hour is up. Whenever we need to use the conference room for more than an hour we don’t go there. This

for me is an inconvenience because we do a lot of running around and sometimes it makes me lose my train

of thought when we are coming up with important things that she wants to implement into her program. As

far as the collaboration with her team goes, I can see myself working amongst the staff because the

atmosphere is great, and her team really knows how to pitch in when there is something that needs to be

done. The language format is English only right now, but she is looking to expand. Standard # 2,3, & 8:

With all of the moving around we do, confidentiality & the problems that can come from not taking things

seriously have to be addressed in the beginning before the agency gets into trouble. (NOHS, 2018)

ADMINISTRATION & STAFF TRAINING

Trainings, Workshops, or other forums the agency has for their population are far and few in

between. (Rothman, 2008). The format of this organization is centered on women and young girl sessions

that require a speaker. Sometimes activities could change depending on the event and the topics that are

discussed. Since I’ve been in this internship, there have been no trainings. There have been workshops that

the field supervisor attended in New Jersey, but it was not made mandatory for the staff to attend. I think that

some of the workshops the field supervisor attends should also include the staff because it keeps the lines of

communication open in a way that they are all on the same page. With administration and training, I would

use Standard 1 & 7: Being able to recognize and build on client and community strengths is pertinent to

the success of your agency and not showing biases. This knowledge would enable you to catch possible

mishaps that could ruin both the reputation and the organizations ability to fund itself. Standard #

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11,12,15,26,28, 33,37, & 41: Staying up on the culture and the policies and procedures keeps lawsuits at

bay. No conflicts. You obey the law because as a human service professional, your agency should know

how to deal with its community, govern themselves and handle their problems should they arise both legal

and non-legal. (NOHS, 2018)

FUNDING

The way the funding is set up it does not allow for variations of programs and services because the

company is not there yet. Right now, there are only donations accepted from friends, family, and other

agencies that collaborate with the agency. Donations are comprised of monetary gifts, food, school supplies,

clothing, and assistance with resources from other collaborating organizations. Standard #17:

Representation is important because you must be an example of what the company stands for. If you are

advocating for kids, then you must host kid-friendly events and have qualified people promoting your cause.

(NOHS, 2018)

STAFF SENSITIVITY

I have had a chance to view the ways the agency interacts with the population in both informal and

formal ways. What I’ve noticed is there is no room for stereotypical language because my field supervisor

doesn’t play that. She demands respect for all staff members, and the public alike. She is picky about who

she lets into her organization as well. She told me that not everyone has your best interest at heart, so she has

to be careful about who she even helps. I met the treasurer who only comes every quarter to straighten

things out, but I think that they need to be more involved. Standard # 20, 21, 24, 25, & 43: Take care of

your staff, by managing problems and the behaviors that are toxic to your agency in a professional manner

and make sure the lines of communication are open but reinforce the notion that they are not your equal.

(NOHS, 2018)

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AGENCY PROGRAMS & SERVICES

Program design, utilization and administration is all handled by the field supervisor who also works

as the sole board member and the founder of the organization at this time. As far as criteria, effort, quality,

effectiveness, and efficiency, most of these things are handled by the field supervisor because she takes on

multiple roles within the organization. (Rothman, 2008) The design of the program came from the plight

and the success of the founder. She overcame some obstacles that normally would have been the death of

another person and she took that experience to help empower women in the same situations. Utilization and

administration is handled by the field supervisor. Unfortunately, being such a small organization, most of

the duties are handled by the President who also doubles as the sole board member and Founder. Standard

# 10 &15: The services you provide are open to the public therefore you must be knowledgeable about the

demographics of the culture your serving. No one wants to be on the news for sensitive subjects such as

discrimination. (NOHS, 2018)

FINAL THOUGHTS

I hope with the work I’ve done on this report, I will be able to achieve what it is that I have set my

mind to completing. The bulk of my new knowledge as it pertains to Human Service Professionals comes

from the NOHS. That document was put together in such a simplified way that most people could obtain a

clear understanding of its intent which is both informative and enlightening. I want to work in the field of

Human Services in the near future and this document is one that will be a keepsake for reference purposes

and just in case I want to run my own non-profit organization.

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References:

Das Wilhelm, A. (2018) A Timeline of Gay World History | GALVA-108: Gay & Lesbian Vaishnava

Association. [online] GALVA-108: Gay & Lesbian Vaishnava Association. Available at:

http://www.galva108.org/single-post/2014/05/08/A-Timeline-of-Gay-World-History [Accessed 13 July,

2018].

France, D. (Director) & Blane, M. (Writer). (2017). The Death and Life of Marsha. P. Johnson. [Motion

Picture]. USA: Netflix.

Homosexuality. (2018) https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/homosexuality

Intersectionality. (2018) https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/intersectionality

Interview: Wesley Neikam. (2018) Wilmington, Delaware

James, S. (2011) J. Edgar Hoover: Gay or Just a Man Who Has Sex with Men | ABC News. [online].

Retrieved from: https://abcnews.go.com/Health/edgar-hoover-sex-men-homosexual/story?id=14948447

Morris, B. (2018) History of LGBT Social Movements | American Psychological Association. [online].

Retrieved from: http://www.apa.org/pi/lgbt/resources/history.aspx

Ethical Standards for Human Service Professionals. (n.d.) [online]. Retrieved from:

https://www.nationalhumanservices.org/ethical-standards-for-hs-professionals

NYC LGBT Historic Sites Project. (2018) New Amsterdam: Place of Execution. [online] Retrieved from

https://www.nyclgbtsites.org/site/new-amsterdam-place-of-execution/ [Accessed 18 July, 2018]

NY Times. (2017). The Death and Life of Marsha P. Johnson | [online].

https://www.nytimes.com/2017/10/05/movies/the-death-and-life-of-marsha-p-johnson-

review.html?referrer=google_kp[Accessed 15 July, 2018]

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Rothman, Juliet. (2008) Cultural Competence in Process and Practice: Building Bridges.

Sylvester, J. (1977). Retrieved from: https://www.discogs.com/artist/16794-Sylvester

YW Boston Blog. (2017) What is Intersectionality and What does it have to do with me. [online] Retrieved

from https://www.ywboston.org/2017/03/what-is-intersectionality-and-what-does-it-have-to-do-with-me/

[Accessed 10 July, 2018]

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