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Exercise 9

a) Read the sentences given below and identify the tense form
used in each of them. Translate the sentences.
1. Last year, the U.S. business logistics industry continued to
grow at an unprecedented rate.
2. Global competition began to spread in the 1970s and
accelerated in the 1990s.
3. Logistics has evolved throughout centuries to become an
integral part of every business.
4. Globalization is still moving forward today.
5. Since 2000, the rail freight industry has undergone a remarkable
transformation.
6. Logistics has been playing a fundamental role in global
development for almost 5,000 years.
7. Since the construction of the pyramids in ancient Egypt,
logistics has made a remarkable progress.
8. Recently, innovations have become vital to meet customer
expectations.
9. Now, the company is working on a new project.
10. Usually, freight forwarders organize shipping of various
goods.
11. Now, the ABC Company is expanding its production
facilities to include a new product line.

b) Complete the sentences with the correct alternative.


1. Logistics as a business concept evolved/has evolved in the
1950s.
2. Production logistics gets/is getting more and more
important now.
3. At present, supply chain operators use/are using the latest
systems and techniques.
4. Trucking costs increased/has increased by $52 billion
in 2013.
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5. The invention of the sea container in 1956 changed/has
changed production conditions for nearly all industries
around the world.
6. Since the early 1990’s, the business scene changed/has
changed, and logistics operations became/have become
much more complex.
7. The global logistics market grew/has grown radically in
the last ten years.
8. We worked/have been working on this project for two years.
9. Typically, procurement logistics includes/is including various
activities such as market research, requirements planning, etc.
10. Now, students study/are studying Fundamentals of Logistics.

Exercise 10
Complete the sentences with “used to”, “to be used to”, “to get
used to” in the appropriate form.

1. There was a time when companies ________ plan their


distribution channels and deliver the final packaged items
to their retailers themselves.
2. This mobile phone _________ be popular in Japan in 2011.
3. I ___________working late at night.
4. Today, suppliers must __________ new market conditions.
5. A year ago, our experts _________ test new devices every
month.
6. Now, my brother ___________ studying hard.
7. I __________ to work with a desktop PC, but now I prefer
my new laptop computer.
8. Last year we _________ have three lectures per day.
9. Students ___________ getting up early.
10. I __________ drinking green tea.

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