Quiz No.

2
Science V
I. Identify the parts of the respiratory system.

II. Identification. Identify what is asked about the respiratory system.

_______________11. breathing in
_______________12. A flap that opens and closes the trachea
_______________13. Filters air before it enters the other parts of the respiratory tract.
_______________14. breathing out
_______________15. Two branches of the trachea
_______________16. Another name for throat
_______________17. Structure that connects the pharynx to the trachea
_______________18. Where exchange of gases takes place
_______________19. Main organs of the respiratory system
_______________20. Passage that connects the nostrils and the upper part if the throat.

nose alveoli
bronchi inhaling
larynx lungs
nasal cavity exhaling
epiglottis pharynx

III. Match each term in Column A with its description in Column B. Write the correct letter in the space
provided.
Column A Column B
____ 21. cold a) is an infection of the lungs caused by viruses or bacteria
____ 22. bronchitis b) is a viral infection that causes inflammation of the mucous membrane
____ 23. lung cancer c) is an ailment in which alveoli in the lungs are damaged
____ 24. emphysema d) is the inflammation of the bronchi
____ 25. pneumonia e) is an uncontrolled growth of cells which affect the lung tissue.

IV. Check the practices that are good for the respiratory system. Cross those that are not.

_____26. Have a chest X ray at least once a year.

_____27. Have enough exercise.
_____28. Avoid taking drugs for fun or for experimenting.
_____29. Breathe fresh air.
_____30. Eat nutritious food.
_____31. Learn to smoke like others do.
_____32. Visit the doctor only when you are seriously ill.
_____33. Avoid alcoholic drinks.
_____34. Rest after work or play.
_____35. Sleep in a well-ventilated room.

1. Which part of the respiratory tract is a passageway for both air and food?
A. Pharynx C. trachea
B. Larynx D. bronchus
2. In which part of the respiratory system does exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide take place?
A. Nasal cavity C. pharynx
B. Trachea D. lungs
3. What makes your chest cavity increase in size whenever you inhale?
I. Contraction of diaphragm III. Contraction of rib muscles
II. Relaxation of diaphragm IV. Relaxation of rib muscles
A. I and II C. I and III
B. II and IV D. II and IV
4. How does air enter your body?
A. Through the digestive tract C. Through the pores of the skin
B. Through the respiratory tract D. Through the ear canal
5. Why do we need to breathe?
A. To get oxygen and release carbon dioxide
 B. To get carbon dioxide and release oxygen
C. To get food and release waste
D. To make muscles become bigger
6. What path does air travel in going to the lungs?
A. Nose-trachea-pharynx-bronchi-larynx-lungs
B. Nose-pharynx-larynx-trachea-bronchi-lungs
C. Nose-larynx-pharynx-bronchi-trachea-lungs
D. Nose-bronchi-larynx-pharynx-trachea-lungs
7. Which of the following happens when you exhale?
A. The chest cavity becomes larger.
B. The abdominal cavity becomes larger
C. Air pressure in lungs becomes greater than outside
D. Air pressure in lungs becomes less than outside
8. What illness is caused by the destruction of the alveoli?
A. Pneumonia C. emphysema
B. Bronchitis D. laryngitis
9. Why do you breathe harder when you run?
A. My body needs more oxygen. C. My respiratory system is at work.
B. My body needs more carbon dioxide D. My respiratory system needs rest.
10. Which of the following can cause lung disease?
A. Exercise C. fatigue
B. Fats D. smoking
11. Why does the body need oxygen?
A. To make food C. to produce energy
B. To release carbon dioxide D. to prevent diseases
12. How does exercise help keep your respiratory system healthy?
A. It strengthens the diaphragm
B. It strengthens other muscles used for breathing
C. It helps increase lung capacity
D. All of the above
13. Why should you avoid smoking?
A. Tobacco is expensive
B. Tobacco causes discoloration of the teeth.
C. Tobacco contains substances which are harmful to the respiratory system.
D. Tobacco can cause dizziness.
14. Why is a diet with plenty of fluids is good for the respiratory system?
 A. It can strengthen the lungs.
B. It can make the mucus lining in the respiratory thin.
C. It can make the mucus lining in the respiratory thick.
D. It can improve lung capacity
15. A person is diagnosed with emphysema. Which part of his or her respiratory system are system?
A. Alveoli C. lungs
B. Bronchi D. bronchioles

Match each term in Column A with its description in Column B. Write the correct letter in the space provided.
Column A Column B
____ 1. exhaling a) where gases are exchanged
____ 2. inhaling b) windpipe
____ 3. air sacs c) breathing in
____ 4. trachea d) surround the air sacs
____ 5. capillaries e) breathing out

The excretory system is the system that removes waste from the body.
The kidneys remove waste from the blood and help regulate body chemistry.
The urinary system works mainly through the kidneys which contain millions of nephrons that filter waste and
transform it into urine for excretion.
The lungs excrete carbon dioxide from the body.
The skin excretes waste water and salts from the body.
The spleen removes worn-out red blood cells.
The lymph nodes remove foreign cells and pass them on the blood for excretion.
The common symptoms of kidney ailments are difficulty in urination, abdominal pain and blood in the urine.
Kidney disorders may be detected through: (1) urinalysis; (2) measuring the concentration of some substances
in the blood, and (3) kidney imaging.
I can take care of my kidneys by eating the proper diet, exercising, practicing proper hygiene and having
regular physical checkups.

The urinary system, consisting of a pair of kidneys, a pair of ureters, the bladder and the urethra, excretes
most of the body’s waste.
The kidneys common filtering units called nephrons.
Carbon dioxide, water vapor and heat are removed from the blood by the lungs.
The skin excretes waste water, salts and other unnecessary substances.
The liver changes toxic substances so they are easier to excrete with the urine.
The spleen filters blood and removes worn-out red blood cells, while the lymph nodes filters tissue fluid to
remove waste.

1. Which process gets rid of body waste?

2. What waste leaves your body when you exhale?
3. Which of these waste does not come from the body cells?
4. How do the kidneys remove waste from the blood?
5. A stone is lodged in a person’s ureter. Which of the following will the person experience?
6. Which of these practices is NOT good for the excretory system?
7. Which of the following word pairs completes this comparison: Lungs: carbon dioxide as
__________________.
8. What waste is removed from the body by the large intestine?
9. Which of the following organs does not excrete any body waste?
10. Which sense organ is also an excretory organ?
11. Why are the lungs also considered as organs of excretion?
12. What is another work of the excretory system ither than getting rid of body waste?
13. Alveoli are found in the lungs while nephrons are found in the _______________.
14. What is the function of the nephrons?
15. What happens to your urine when you drink too much water?

If the statement is true, write T. If false, write F.

_____1. A blurred or smoky urine is a sign of a disorder in a part of the excretory system.
_____2. A person with bladder stones may discharge urine with blood.
_____3. Drinking plenty of water is good for the excretory system.
_____4. Bacteria that infect the urinary tract enter the body through the mouth.
_____5. If one of a person’s kidneys is removed, the other kidney can still function.
_____6. Smoking has no effect whatsoever on the excretory system.
_____7. When a person’s kidneys fail to function, he should undergo dialysis.
_____8. You should avoid salty and fatty foods because they can cause kidney problems later on.
_____9. CT scan is a method of treating kidney cancer.
_____10. A person should consult a doctor if he or she has difficulty in passing out urine.

V. Complete each statement using a term or terms from the list below. Write your answers in the spaces
provided. Some words may be used more than once.
alveoli bronchi
windpipe
 nose
inhaling capillaries mouth exhale smaller and smaller
1. Breathing in is called _______________________.
2. We inhale through the ______________________ or ______________________.
3. The trachea is the scientific name for the _______________________. 4. The trachea divides into two tubes
called _______________________.
5. In the lungs, the tubes branch into _______________________ tubes.
6. The lungs have millions of tiny air sacs called ________________________.
7. Air sacs have many ____________________________.
8. We get rid of carbon dioxide waste when we ___________________________.

The respiratory consists of an upper and lower tract. The upper tract is made up of the nose, nasal cavity and
pharynx. The lower tract is made up of the larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli and lungs.

The trachea or windpipe is found below the pharynx.

The epiglottis is the flap of cartilage that closes the trachea during swallowing so that food is prevented from
entering the lungs.

Alveoli are the tiny air sacs found at the end of each bronchiole in the lungs.

The lungs are saclike organs in which the exchange of gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) between the
atmosphere and the blood takes place.
The main function of the respiratory system is breathing. Breathing is taking in air and forcing it out of the
body. During breathing, the body takes in oxygen and gets rid of carbon dioxide.

Air enters the body through the respiratory tract. Along the way, dust and bacteria are trapped by hairs and
mucus so the air that reaches the lungs is clean, warm and moist.

The diaphragm is a sheet of dome-shaped muscle that separates the chest cavity from the abdomen.

For inhalation, the diaphragm and rib muscles contract and make the chest cavity larger. This makes the
pressure in the lungs lower than the outside pressure, so air moves into the lungs.

For exhalation, the diaphragm and rib muscles relax and make the chest cavity smaller. The pressure in the
lungs is greater than the pressure outside, so air flows out.

Exchange of gases takes place in the lungs. Blood takes in oxygen from the lungs and leaves carbon dioxide
and water vapor there to be exhaled.

Air contains, dust, bacteria, viruses and other harmful particles that can cause ailments of the respiratory
system. It is necessary to treat any infection that affects the respiratory system to prevent it from becoming
worse.

I. Identification. Identify what is asked.