14.

MAGNETIC EFFECT OF ELECTRIC CURRENT

1. A rectangular coil in a moving Formula :

galvanometer has 50 turns each of length
5 cm and breadth 3 cm, which is  Ig 
S =  G
suspended in a radial magentic field of  I – Ig 
0.050 Wb/m 2 . The twist constant of  
suspension is 1.5 × 10 –9 Nm/deg. Solution :
Calculate the current through the coil
 Ig 
which will deflect it through 300. S =  G
Given :  I – Ig 
 
n = 50
C = 1.5 × 10–9 Nm/deg  5 × 10 –3 
B = 0.05 Wb/m2 S =  –3
 × 40
θ = 300  5 – 5 × 10 
A = l×b = 5×3 = 0.04 Ω
= 15 cm2 ∴ S = 0.04 Ω
= 15 × 10–4 m2 ∴ A shunt of 0.04 Ω is to be connected in
To Find : parallel with galvanometer (convert if in
I = ? to am meter of range 0 – 5 A).
Formula :
3. Calculate the value of resistance needed
cθ
I = to convert a moving coil galanometer of
nAB 60 Ω into an ammeter of range 5 A which
Solution : gives full scale deflection for a current
cθ of 50 mA and into voltmeter of range
I = 0 – 50 V.
nAB
Given :
1.5 × 10 –9 × 30 G = 60 Ω
I = –4 V = 50 V
50 × 15 × 10 × 0.05
I = 5A
∴ I = 1.2 × 10–5 A
Ig = 50 mA = 50 × 10–3 A
–2
= 5 × 10 A
2. A galvanometer with a coil of resistance To Find :
40 ohm gives a full scale deflection for i) Rs = ?
a current of 5 mA. How will you convert Formula :
it into an ammeter of range 0–5 A ?
Given : V
i) Rs = –G
G = 40 Ω I g
Ig = 5 mA
= 5 × 10–3 A GIg
ii) S =
I = 5A I – Ig
To Find :
S = ?

Magnetic Effect of Electric Current

 .. 88 MAHESH TUTORIALS SCIENCE

Solution :
I
V ∴ (G + X) + S = S
Rs = –G Ig
Ig
10
∴ (16 + X + 0.04) = × 0.04
50 2 × 10–2
Rs = – 60
5 × 10–2 ∴ (16 + X + 0.04) = 20
∴ Rs = 1000 – 60 ∴ X = 20 – 16.04
∴ Rs = 940 Ω ∴ X = 3.96 Ω

GIg
S = 5. A resistance of 3 ohm is connected in
I – Ig parallel to a galvanometer of resistance
297 ohm. Find the fraction of current
60 × 0.05 passing through galvanometer.
S =
5 – 0.05 Given :
3 S = 3 Ω
= G = 297 Ω
4.95
To Find :
∴ S = 0.6061 Ω
∴ A resistance of 0.6061 Ω in parallel and Ig
= ?
940 Ω in series is connected to M.C.G. I
Formula :
4. A galvanometer has a resistance of 16 Ω I gG = (I – Ig)S
and gives a full scale deflection when a Solution :
current of 20 mA is passed through it. I gG = (I – Ig)S
The only shunt resistance available is
0.04 Ω which is not appropriate to ∴ G I
+1 =
convert galvanometer into an ammeter. S Ig
How much resistance should be
connected in series with coil of G+S I
∴ =
galvanometer so that the range of S Ig
ammeter is 10 A ?
Solution : Ig S 3
∴ = =
Let ‘X’ be the resistance connected in G+S 297 + 3
series with galvanometer.
I
Since S is not sufficient for I = 10 A Ig 3  3 
G = 16 Ω, ∴ = =  × 100 
I
300  300 
Ig G = 16 Ω X
G Ig
∴ = 0.01 or 1 %
I

S = 0.04 Ω 6. The combined resistance of

∴ From the figure, galvanometer of resistance 1000 ohm
and its shunt is 25 ohm. Calculate the
Ig S value of shunt.
=
I (G + X) + S
Magnetic Effect of Electric Current
MAHESH TUTORIALS SCIENCE .. 89

Given : Solution :
G = 1000 Ω Current sensitivity of MCG
Req = 25 Ω nAB
To Find : Si =
c
S = ?
Formula : 50 × 12 × 10–4 × 0.025
Si =
1 1 1 15 × 10 –10
= +
R eq G S ∴ Si = 106 deg/A
Solution :
1 1 1
= +
R eq G S

1 1 1 G – R eq
= – =
S R eq G R eq G

R eq G
∴ S =
G – R eq

25 × 1000
∴ S =
1000 – 25
25 × 1000
=
975
∴ S = 25.64 Ω

7. A rectangular coil of moving coil

galvanometer contains 50 turns each
having area 12 cm2. It is suspended in
radial magentic field of induction
0.025 Wb/m2 by a fibre of twist constant
15 × 10–10 Nm/deg. Calculate the sensitvity
of a moving coil galvanometer.
Given :
n = 50
A = 12 cm2
= 12 × 10–4 m2
B = 0.025 Wb/m2
c = 15 × 10–10 Nm/deg
To Find :
Si = ?
Formula :
nAB
Si =
c

Magnetic Effect of Electric Current