Overview of Remote Sensing Data

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Agricultural Resources Extraction from LiDAR Surveys
OVERVIEW OF REMOTE SENSING: DATA

AND APPLICATIONS
REMOTE SENSING (RS)

• Definition
• Concepts
• Samples and Applications
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Agricultural Resources Extraction Surveys from LiDAR Surveys
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REMOTE SENSING
 The acquisition of information about an
object without being in physical contact with
it.
 The science and art of obtaining information

about an object, area, or phenomenon through
the analysis of data acquired by a device not
in contact with the object, area, or
phenomenon under investigation.
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EXAMPLE OF REMOTE SENSING SYSTEM
The Human Visual System

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“REMOTE SENSING”
Practice of deriving
information about the
earth’s land and water
surfaces using images
acquired from an
overhead perspective,
using electromagnetic
radiation in one or
more regions of the
electromagnetic
spectrum, reflected or
emitted from the
earth’s surface.
(James Campbell)
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Scope of Remote Sensing
• In a more restricted sense,

remote sensing usually
refers to the technology of
acquiring information about
the earth's surface (land
and ocean) and
atmosphere using sensors
onboard airborne (aircraft,
balloons) or spaceborne
(satellites, space shuttles)
platforms.
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THE ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM
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Energy Flow Concept in RS Image

Energy Sensor
Source
Atmospheric
Absorption
and Scattering
Reflectance
Absorption
Transmittance
Interpretation and Analysis

Landscape
Information, maps and statistics,

for Applications
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Remote Sensing: Data
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Remote Sensing: Data

Citrus
Bare
Water
Road
Corn
Buildings
Coconut
Rice
Banana
Rice
Grassland
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Sample Products of Remote Sensing
SPOT False Color Image Ikonos True Color Image

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NOAA-14 Satellite Image of Hurricane Isaac
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2004 QuickBird Satellite Image of UP Campus
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Large Scale Display
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Close-up Shot of the UP College of

Engineering
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2002 UP Campus Aerial Photo
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Close-up Shot of the UP Coll of Engg
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Remote Sensing
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Some known satellites

• NOAA-AVHRR (1100 m)
• GOES (700 m)
• MODIS (250, 500, 1000 m)
• Landsat (30 – 60 m)
• SPOT (10 – 20 m)
• IKONOS (4, 1 m)
• Quickbird (0.6 m)
• Sentinel-2 (10, 20 60 m)
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Sensing & GIS
Applications Directorate
AVHRR (Advanced Very High Resolution

Radiometer) NASA
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GOES (Geostationary Operational

Environmental Satellites) IR 4
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MODIS (250 m)
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Landsat TM
(False Color Composite)
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SPOT (2.5 m)
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QUICKBIRD (0.6 m)
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IKONOS (4 m Multispectral)
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IKONOS (1 m Panchromatic)
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Sensing & GIS
Applications Directorate
Puerto Galera: True Color Composite

QuickBird Image
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Puerto Galera: Single Band

(Blue) QuickBird Image
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(Green) QuickBird Image
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(Red) QuickBird Image
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(NIR) QuickBird Image
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Puerto Galera: False Color Composite

QuickBird Image
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LandSat 8
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Diwata (3m)
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Diwata (185m)
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Sentinel-2
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LIDAR
Orthophoto
Intensity
nDSM
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IS RS THE BEST AVAILABLE METHOD TO ACQUIRE

THE INFORMATION?
Does the information required about the
environment change with spatial position in
that environment?
Remotely-sensed data provides a permanent

record of the whole area of interest at a
point in time
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BENTHIC COVER MAPPING
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WATER QUALITY
MAPPING

THE INFORMATION?
Is the required information dependent on
time?
– Information varies with time
– Collection at regular time intervals
– Change detection and mapping
Remotely-sensed data provides derived

information that is relatively consistent
spatially and temporally, particularly if
using similar sensors.
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QuickBird used extensively throughout Asian Tsunami Disaster
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THE INFORMATION?
Does the collection of required information
either affect the resource being monitored,
cause undue time delays, or create
unacceptable admin or cost structures for
data collection?
– Timeliness
Remote sensing does not interfere with, or

cause responses by, the resources being
measured or observed.
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RADARSAT RADAR BACKSCATTER IMAGE

OF MT. PINATUBO, FEBRUARY 1998
CHANGES IN MT. PINATUBO LAHAR DEPOSITS.

LOWER PASIG-POTRERO RIVER 1991 - 1996
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Comparison of
NW Summit
from SPOT data
obtained between
1991 and 1998
Red shows
vegetation,
the ash deposits
are light blue
Summit is at
lower right
WHY STUDY REMOTE SENSING?

(ADVANTAGES)
• Unobtrusive (not conspicuous or attracting
attention)
• Sampling bias removed
• Data can be gathered from a large area, or a
large volume of the atmosphere, in a short
period of time (‘snapshot’)
• Airborne and spaceborne systems can acquire
data from locations that would be difficult
(slow, expensive, dangerous, politically
inconvenient) to measure in situ
• Most remote sensing systems generate
calibrated digital data that can be fed into
a computer for analysis
• Wide range of applications
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LIMITATIONS OF REMOTE SENSING
• Its not a solution or remedy for all

difficulties
• Human method-produced error
• Active systems, i.e. emits own signal, can
be intrusive
• Instruments become uncalibrated
• Expensive to collect and interpret or
analyze
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APPLICATIONS
 Topography, drainage, temperature, tectonic
motion
 Urban & regional planning
 Natural resource inventories
 Monitoring environmental issues
 Agriculture (e.g. crop forecasting, precision
farming)
 Geology, hydrologic studies
 Land cover, benthic cover mapping
 Soil surveys (soil moisture)
 Military reconnaissance
 Atmospheric applications (precipitation, clouds,
concentrations of gases, etc.)
 Ocean (temperature, colour)
 GIS
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Vegetation Health
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Meteorology
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Ocean Temperature
• Monitoring climatic events, eg. El Nino

• Monitor long term climatic change
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Oil spill monitoring
A ship (bright target near the bottom left corner) is

seen discharging oil into the sea in this ERS SAR
image.
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Other Sample Applications
Building height can be derived

from a single image using a
simple geometric method if
shadows of the buildings can
be located in the image.
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Other Sample Applications
Oil palm trees in an IKONOS image Detected trees (white dots) superimposed
on the image
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APPLICATIONS
Coconut Farming Management
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Mapping of Coconut
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Tree Crown Counting
Canopy Height Model
(Phil-LiDAR 2 FRExLS, 2016)

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Pest/Disease Monitoring
(Paringit et al, 2015)

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Biomass Estimation
Estimated Biomass
Canopy Height Model
(Phil-LiDAR 2 FRExLS, 2016)

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Land Suitability
Coconut Suitability Hazards

(DA-AMIA, 2017)
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Training Courses at UP TCAGP

www.dge.upd.edu.ph/dge/what-we-offer/training-courses/
• Courses Offered
– TC 24 Remote Sensing of the Environment
– TC 25 Geographic Information Systems
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Training Courses at UP TCAGP

• TC 25 Geographic Information • Project Proposals
Systems (October 2016) – River Resources Management
and Bank Stabilization of Jalaur
River System
– GIS Model for Immediate
Recovery of Prisoners In Case of
Prison Break in Puerto Princesa
City
– 3D GIS-based Modelling of
Facilities in a University: the Case
of Tarlac Agricultural State
University
– Flood Hazard Assesment to
Properties and Crops of Bicol
River
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Overview of Remote Sensing Data

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Overview of Remote Sensing Data

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11/28/2017

OVERVIEW OF REMOTE SENSING: DATA

REMOTE SENSING (RS)

 The science and art of obtaining information

EXAMPLE OF REMOTE SENSING SYSTEM

The Human Visual System

Scope of Remote Sensing

• In a more restricted sense,

THE ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM

Energy Flow Concept in RS Image

Interpretation and Analysis

Information, maps and statistics,

Remote Sensing: Data

Remote Sensing: Data

Sample Products of Remote Sensing

SPOT False Color Image Ikonos True Color Image

NOAA-14 Satellite Image of Hurricane Isaac

2004 QuickBird Satellite Image of UP Campus

Large Scale Display

Close-up Shot of the UP College of

2002 UP Campus Aerial Photo

Close-up Shot of the UP Coll of Engg

Some known satellites

AVHRR (Advanced Very High Resolution

GOES (Geostationary Operational

Puerto Galera: True Color Composite

Puerto Galera: Single Band

Puerto Galera: Single Band

Puerto Galera: Single Band

Puerto Galera: Single Band

Puerto Galera: False Color Composite

IS RS THE BEST AVAILABLE METHOD TO ACQUIRE

Remotely-sensed data provides a permanent

BENTHIC COVER MAPPING

IS RS THE BEST AVAILABLE METHOD TO ACQUIRE

Remotely-sensed data provides derived

QuickBird used extensively throughout Asian Tsunami Disaster

QuickBird used extensively throughout Asian Tsunami Disaster

QuickBird used extensively throughout Asian Tsunami Disaster

QuickBird used extensively throughout Asian Tsunami Disaster

QuickBird used extensively throughout Asian Tsunami Disaster

QuickBird used extensively throughout Asian Tsunami Disaster

IS RS THE BEST AVAILABLE METHOD TO ACQUIRE

Remote sensing does not interfere with, or

RADARSAT RADAR BACKSCATTER IMAGE

CHANGES IN MT. PINATUBO LAHAR DEPOSITS.

WHY STUDY REMOTE SENSING?

LIMITATIONS OF REMOTE SENSING

• Its not a solution or remedy for all

• Monitoring climatic events, eg. El Nino

Oil spill monitoring

A ship (bright target near the bottom left corner) is

Other Sample Applications

Building height can be derived

Other Sample Applications

Tree Crown Counting

Canopy Height Model

(Phil-LiDAR 2 FRExLS, 2016)

(Paringit et al, 2015)

Canopy Height Model

(Phil-LiDAR 2 FRExLS, 2016)

Coconut Suitability Hazards

Training Courses at UP TCAGP