Author/Year Membrane Characteristics of optimized membrane Applications

Contact Porosity Tensile Pure Rejection

Angle (·) (%) Strength Water (%)
(N/mm2) Flux
(L/m2h)
Damodar et al. (2009) PVDF-TiO2 82-87 - - 130 77-80 Dye removal

Bae and Tak (2005) PSf-TiO2 73 - - 230 90 Sludge

PVDF-TiO2 81 - - 331 95 removal
PAN-TiO2 43 - - 233 82
Wu et al. (2008) PES- TiO2 66 73 0.6 365 - BSA protein
removal
Rahimpour et al. (2008) PES- TiO2 53 - - 200 98 Milk protein
removal
Moslehyani et al. (2015) PVDF- TiO2- 37 89 - 710 98 Refinery
CNT wastewater
Gu et al. (2012) PE-Zeo 130 60 - 30 - Microporous
membrane
development
Song et al. (2012) PVDF-PEG- 74 - - 350 82 Natural
TiO2 organic
matter
removal
Subramaniam et al. (2017) PVDF-TiO2- 61-75 55-67 - 16.8-35.6 70-80 Palm Oil Mill
TNT Effluent
removal
Ong et al. (2015) PVDF-TiO2 68.4 88.6 2.58 70.48 99.7 Synthesized
oily solution
removal
Safarpour et al. (2014) PVDF-TiO2 67.7 75.9 - 150 98.2 BSA protein
removal
 Rawindran et al. (2018) PVDF-TiO2 60.8 82.3 5.6 49 66.1 O&G
Surfactant
removal

*PVDF-Polyvinylidenefluoride,PSf-Polysulfone, PAN-Polyacrylonitrite ,PES-Polyethersulfone, CNT- Carbon Nanotube, PE Zeo-PolyethylZeolite,PEG-

Polyethyleneglycol

**Method used to prepare each membrane varies.

Bae, T.-H. & Tak, T.-M. 2005. Effect of TiO2 nanoparticles on fouling mitigation of ultrafiltration membranes for activated sludge filtration. Journal
of Membrane Science, 249, 1-8.
Damodar, R. A., You, S.-J. & Chou, H.-H. 2009. Study the self cleaning, antibacterial and photocatalytic properties of TiO2 entrapped PVDF
membranes. Journal of hazardous materials, 172, 1321-1328.
Gu, J., Lai, A., Zhang, J., Bai, Y., Zhang, C. & Sun, Y. 2012. Effects of 4A Zeolite Additions on the Structure and Performance of LDPE Blend
Microfiltration Membrane through Thermally Induced Phase Separation Method. Journal of Membrane and Separation Technology, 1, 52-
59.
Moslehyani, A., Ismail, A., Othman, M. & Matsuura, T. 2015. Design and performance study of hybrid photocatalytic reactor-PVDF/MWCNT
nanocomposite membrane system for treatment of petroleum refinery wastewater. Desalination, 363, 99-111.
Ong, C. S., Lau, W. J., Goh, P. S., Ng, B. C. & Ismail, A. F. 2015. Preparation and characterization of PVDF–PVP–TiO2 composite hollow fiber
membranes for oily wastewater treatment using submerged membrane system. Desalination and Water Treatment, 53, 1213-1223.
Rahimpour, A., Madaeni, S., Taheri, A. & Mansourpanah, Y. 2008. Coupling TiO2 nanoparticles with UV irradiation for modification of
polyethersulfone ultrafiltration membranes. Journal of Membrane Science, 313, 158-169.
Safarpour, M., Khataee, A. & Vatanpour, V. 2014. Preparation of a novel polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) ultrafiltration membrane modified with
reduced graphene oxide/titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanocomposite with enhanced hydrophilicity and antifouling properties. Industrial &
Engineering Chemistry Research, 53, 13370-13382.
Song, H., Shao, J., He, Y., Liu, B. & Zhong, X. 2012. Natural organic matter removal and flux decline with PEG–TiO2-doped PVDF membranes by
integration of ultrafiltration with photocatalysis. Journal of membrane science, 405, 48-56.
Subramaniam, M., Goh, P., Lau, W., Tan, Y., Ng, B. & Ismail, A. 2017. Hydrophilic hollow fiber PVDF ultrafiltration membrane incorporated with
titanate nanotubes for decolourization of aerobically-treated palm oil mill effluent. Chemical Engineering Journal, 316, 101-110.
Wu, G., Gan, S., Cui, L. & Xu, Y. 2008. Preparation and characterization of PES/TiO2 composite membranes. Applied Surface Science, 254, 7080-
7086.