4/10/13 GMAT Math Formulas List

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GMAT Math Formulas List

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To achieve a good score on the math section, it is essential that
you memorize the necessary GMAT math formulas. Below, you will find a free
review sheet full of formulas that are used frequently on the quantitative
section.

Algebra Formulas

Exponential Equations

xn*xm = xn + m
(xn)/(xm) = x n - m
(x/y)n = (xn)/(yn)
xn*yn = (xy)n
(xy)z = xyz
x-n = 1/(xn)
1n = 1
x0 = 1
0n = 0, except 00 = 1 or undefined
FV = CV(1 + g)T
Examples

Other
Distance = Rate*Time
Wage = Rate*Time

Arithmetic Formulas

Combinatorics

Combinations:nCk = n!/((n-k)k!)!
Permutations:nPk = n!/(n-k)!
Circular: (n-1)!
k = number of objects selected from a pile of n objects
n = total number of objects from which k objects can be selected

Fractions

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(a/b)/(c/d) = (a/b) * (d/c)

Percents

Percent Change, as a decimal = (New - Old)/Old

N = (1 + G)O; N = New Value, 0 = Old Value, G = Growth Rate as
decimal

Number Properties

(Odd)(Even) = Even
(Odd)(Odd) = Odd
(Even)(Even) = Even

(Odd) ± (Even) = Odd

(Odd) ± (Odd) = Even
(Even) ± (Even) = Even

(Positive)(Positive) = Positive
(Positive)(Negative) = Negative
(Negative)(Negative) = Positive
(Positive)/(Negative) = Negative
(Positive)/(Positive) = Positive
(Negative)/(Negative) = Positive

Statistics

Average (Arithmetic Mean): (sum of all numbers)/(number of numbers)

Geometry Formulas

Angles

Sum of Interior Angles of Polygon = (n-2)(180)

n = number of sides of a polygon
Central Angle = 2(Inscribed Angle)

Area

Square: A = a2
Rectangle: A = lw
Parallelogram: A = bh
Trapezoid: A = .5(a+c)h, where a and c are the lengths of the parallel
sides

Circles

π = pi = 3.1415
Area: A = πr2
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Circumference: C = 2πr
Central Angle = 2(Inscribed Angle)
Area of Sector = (x/360)πr2

Perimeter

Square: P = 4l
Rectangle: P = 2w + 2l
Parallelogram: P = 2b + 2a, where a and b are the lengths of the non-
parallel sides
Circle: P = 2πr

Triangles

Area: A = .5bh
Pythagorean Theorem: A2 + B2 = C2 where A = one leg, B = the other
leg, C = hypotenuse

Volume

Cube: V = a3 where a is the length of a side

Rectangular Solid: V = hwl
Cylinder: V = πr2h

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