IEEE/PES Special Course Late Summary

Corona and Field Effects of AC and DC A General Method for the Calculation
High Voltage Transmission Lines of Pipe Cable Pulling Forces
A Short Course of
organized by University Rome (80 SM 548-8)
sponsored by David G. Smith, Member IEEE
IEEE/PES Corona and Field Effects Subcommittee Duquesne Light Company
Italy Section, Middle and South Italy
IEEE North
CIGRE
Working Group 36.01
Section
Pittsburgh, PA
September 20-24, 1982.Istituto di Published in T-PA&S Jan. 1981, pp. 360-368
Engineering Elettrotecnica.Faculty of
In the design of underground transmission pipe cable systems, the

Rome, Italy choices of pipe route, manhole location, and cable pulling lengths
are of paramount importance. Because manhole and splice construction

OBJECTIVES represents a significant portion of the per-kilometer cost, good economy

requires the longest possible manhole spacing. But long pulls are risky;
The course is designed to provide the participants with the latest
pulling tensions and sidewall pressures can rise to intolerable levels and
techniques for calculation and measurement of corona and field
cable damage is likely. Short pulling lengths are an effective but costly
effects of high voltage transmission lines. Both ac and de lines
solution. Some compromise is necessary; the optimum length will use a
will be covered. One day will be devoted to teaching measure¬ substantial portion of the cable's mechanical strength, yet not overstress
ment techniques at the ENEL's 1000 kV Test Station at Suvereto. A any part of the material. This length depends upon the pulling path, and
meeting will be held on Tuesday September 21, at which a pro¬ no two sections are exactly alike. Clearly, the selection of such
gress report on the UHV transmission research projects of BPA, a length requires some means of accurately predicting
Edf, ENEL, IREQ, GECO will be presented. cable pulling forces for any particular path.

INSTRUCTIONAL STAFF In times past, several manual calculation schemes have been used. Each
is limited in accuracy, ease of use, and in the scope of its application. A
Mr. V. L. Chartier simple method well suited to straight pulls on level terrain will prove inac¬

Bonneville Power Administration.USA path is curved or sloped along most of its length. More ac¬
curate if the
require such lengthy calculation that they quickly become
curate methods
Mr. R. Cortina impractical for large projects. Most methods model the path as if
Italian National Electricty Board.Italy it were completely contained within horizontal and vertical planes, a

Prof. S. Cristina simplifying but sometimes invalid assumption. Finally, manual

of calculation is tedious in all but the most simple cases.
University Rome.Italy In 1975, several of these methods were investigated for use in the design
Prof. M. D'Amore of a proposed 345 KV and 138 KV underground pipe cable system. All were

University of Rome.Italy found to be inadequate, so a new technique was devised and tested. This
technique uses a true three-dimensional path model, and thus eliminates
Mr. C. H. Gary
a

major source of uncertainty. A general tension equation is first derived

Electricité de France.France by vector calculus, then is solved on a programmable calculator. The basic

Janischewskyi
Prof. W. method is valid for any continuous differentiable path, but for practical
reasons the program was limited to solving a path described by a sequence
University of Toronto.Canada of straight lines and circular arcs. The program calculates length, sidewall
Mr.J. S. T. Looms pressure, and tension at points along the path.
Consultant, Retired Central Electricity Several special experiments were performed to investigate cable
Research-Laboratories.England pulling phenomena and to improve confidence in the technique. The
Dr. P. S. Maruvada coefficient of friction was first estimated using information from various
Institut de Recherche de FHydro-Quebec.Canada sources; later the estimate was refined using tension records from the first

Mr. L. E. Zaffanella few pulls. Three unlubricated pulls were made to gage the lubricant's

General Electric Company.USA effect on friction. Pulls made over two parallel paths helped to quantify
the ef¬ fects of non-path variables. Calculations based on very accurate "as

FEE built" path descriptions demonstrated the advantages of such descrip¬

tions. In all cases, comparisons were made between anticipated tensions
Lit. 400.000 and those observed during the actual pull.
The fee includes: tuition, course material, notebook; daily break The paper describes the general calculation method and its application.
The general tension equation is derived, for which the historical
refreshments, five luncheons; transportation
equations are shown to be special cases. Flow charts illustrate the manual
to the ENEL's 1000 kV Test Station at Suvereto
method and the calculator algorithm for the new method. Tables compare
(near Piombino); hotel and dinner at Suvereto. calculated and observed lengths and tensions for pulls representing many
COURSE REGISTRATION different conditions. An example calculation shows the program inputs and

The course is limited to 40 participants. Payment should accom¬ pany outputs, and the corresponding tensions actually observed for an especially
the registration. Registrations will be accepted on a first-come tortuous pull. Outcomes of the special experiments are describ¬ ed. A

first-serve basis. The deadline for registration is August 31, bibliography lists related articles on the subject of cable pulling.
The new method has greatly facilitated the choosing of manhole location,
1982. pipe route, and pull direction. The effects of changes of feed and pull
LANGUAGE points, pipe routing, and pulling direction can be quickly evaluated
with only minimum effort. Once the necessary parameters had been determin¬
All presentations will be made in English. ed, accuracy proved satisfactory for the application. An extensive data
Any questions about this course should be directed to base was compiled. Significant cost savings are expected to accrue from

Prof. Marcello D'Amore, Istituto di Elettrotecnica, Via the use of the program on future cable projects.
Eudossiana 18,00184 Roma, Italy, phone 06/4755051. Paper is indexed in the 1981 December issue of the Review-Editor

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