2. An object of mass 5kg falls from rest through a vertical distance of 20 m and reaches a velocity of 10 m/s.
How much work is done by the push of the air on the object? (g = 10 m/s2) -
5kg 20 m 10 m/s
(g = 10 m/s2) -
(A) –350 J (B*) –750 J (C) –200 J (D) –300 J
Sol. Using work energy theorem
Wg + WF = KF – Kini
1000 + WF = 250
WF = – 750 J
3. The principle of conservation of energy implies that -
(A) the total mechanical energy is conserved (B) the total kinetic energy is conserved
(C) the total potential energy is conserved (D*) sum of all types of energies is conserved
(A) (B)
(C) (D)
Sol. sum of all types of energies is conserved
4. The centre of mass of a non uniform rod of length L whose mass per unit length varies as x2
where k is a constant & x is the distance of any point on rod from left end A is (from the same end)
L x2 k
xA
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3L
(A) at the centre of the rod (B*) is at x =
4
4L 5L
(C) is at x = (D) is at x =
5 6
3L
(A) (B*) x =
4
4L 5L
(C) x = (D) x =
5 6
Sol.
L L
K 2 x4
x dx.x
L 4 3
0 0
xcm = L
= L
= L
K 2 x3 4
x dx
L 3
0 0
5. A ball kept in a closed box moves in the box making collisions with the walls. The box is kept on a
smooth surface. The velocity of centre of mass :
(A) of the box remains constant (B*) of the box plus the ball system remains constant
(C) of the ball remains constant (D) of the ball relative to the box remains constant
(A) (B*)
(C) (D)
Sol. Net external force on box plus ball system is zero.
6. Two blocks A and B are connected by a massless string (shown in figure) A force of 50 N is applied on
block B and a force of 20N is applied on block A as shown. The distance travelled by centre of mass in
2s starting from rest is :
A B 50 N B 20N
A 2s
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Sol. P1 P2 0 P1 P2 P1 P2
8. A shell is fired from a cannon with a velocity v at an angle with the horizontal direction. At the highest
point in its path, it explodes into two equal pieces, one retraces its path to the cannon and the speed of
the other piece immediately after the explosion is :
v
3 3
(A*) 3 cos (B) 2 cos (C) cos (D) cos
2 2
Sol. P1 = Pf
m m
mV cos = (–V cos + V)
2 2
V = 3V cos
9. In the figure given the position-time graph of a particle of mass 0.1 kg is shown. The impulse at t = 2 s
is:
0.1 kg t = 2 s :
(A) 0.2 kg m s–1 (B*) – 0.2 kg m s–1 (C) 0.1 kg m s–1 (D) – 0.4 kg m s–1
Sol. impulse = change in momentum = 0.1 × 2 = 0.2 kg m s–1
= = 0.1 × 2 = 0.2 kg m s–1
10. A body of mass m moving with velocity V makes a head-on elastic collision with another body of mass
2m which is initially at rest. The ratio of kinetic energies of colliding body before and after collision will
be -
m v 2m
(A*) 9 : 1 (B) 1 : 1 (C) 4 : 1 (D) 2 : 1
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Sol. Using moment of conservation
mv + 2m(0) = mv1 + 2mv2
v1 + 2v2 = v ...(i)
v2 v1
and e = 1 =
v 0
v2 – v1 = v ...(ii)
from eq. (i) and (ii) (i) (ii)
1
mv 2
v K ini 2 9
v1 = = 2
3 K final 1 v 1
m
2 3
11. A particle of mass m moving with velocity u1 collides elastically with another particle of same mass
moving with velocity u2 in the same direction. After collision their velocities are v 1 and v2 respectively in
the same direction, then -
(i) u1 + v1 = v2 + u2 (ii) u1 – v1 = v2 + u2
m u1
u2 v 1 v2
(i) u1 + v1 = v2 + u2 (ii) u1 – v1 = v2 + u2
(A) Both the equations (i) and (ii) are correct
(i) (ii)
(B) Both the equations (i) and (ii) are incorrect
(i) (ii)
(C*) Equation (i) is correct but not (ii)
(i) (ii)
(D) Equation (ii) is correct but not (i)
(ii) (i)
Sol. Equation A is correct but not B A B
v2 v1
e= 1 (u2 – u1) = –(v2 – v1) u2 + v2 = u1 + v1
u2 u1
12. A body of mass 1kg strikes elastically with another body at rest and continues to move in the same
direction with one fourth the in initial velocity. The mass of the other body is -
1kg
(A*) 0.6 kg (B) 2.4 kg (C) 3 kg (D) 4 kg
Sol. before collision momentum Pinitial = 1 × v
v
just after collision momentum Pfinal = m × v’ + 1 ×
4
3v
From momentum conservation mv’ =
4
v
v'
Collision is elastic so e = 1 = 4
v
5v
v’ = So m = 0.6 kg
4
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13. Two rods of same length and areas of cross section A1 and A2 have same temperature difference
across their ends. If K1 and K2 are their thermal conductivities, C1 and C2 their specific heats and 1 and
2
are their densities, then the condition that rate of flow of heat is same in both the rods is
A1 A2
K1 K2 C1 C2 1 2
(A) A1/A2 = K1/K2 (B) A1/A2 = K1C1 1/K2C2 2
(C) A1/A2 = K2C1 1/K1C2 2
(D*) A1/A2 = K2/K1
–6 2
14. A thin rod of negligible mass and area of cross-section 2 × 10 m , suspended vertically from one end,
has a length of 0.5 m at 200°C. The rod is cooled to 0°C, but prevented from contracting by attaching a
11 2
mass at the lower end. The value of this mass is : (Young's modulus = 10 N/m , Coefficient of linear
–5 –1
expansion 10 K and g = 10 m/s2) :
–6
2 × 10 m2,
200°C 0.5 0°
11
: ( =10
2 –5 –1 2
/ , 10 g = 10 / ) :
(A) 20 kg (B) 30 kg (C*) 40 kg (D) 50 kg
Sol. Strain ( ) = = T = (10–5) (200) = 2 × 10–3
Stress = Y (strain)
Stress = 1011 × 2 × 10–3 = 2 × 108 N/m2
Required force = stress × Area = (2 × 108) (2 × 10–6) = 4 × 102 = 400 N
400
Mass to be attached = = 40 kg Ans.
g
= Y ()
= 1011 × 2 × 10–3 = 2 × 108 N/m2
= × = (2 × 108) (2 × 10–6) = 4 × 102 = 400 N
400
= = 40 kg
g
15. A solid sphere of mass m is situated on a horizontal surface and a tangential force acts at the top of the
sphere. If the sphere rolls without slipping then the acceleration of the centre of the sphere would be
m F
5 F 3F 10F 10F
(A) (B) (C*) (D)
3m 5m 7m 7m
Sol. F – f = ma (i)
2
(F + f) × R = mR 2 (ii)
5
From eq. (i) and (ii)
(i) (ii)
10F
a=
7m
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16. A disc rolls on a table. The ratio of its K.E. of rotation to the total K.E. is
(A) 2/5 (B*) 1/3 (C) 5/6 . (D) 2/3
1 2
KE R 2
Sol. = 1/3
KE 1 2 1
mv 2
2 2
17. Two cities are 150 km apart. Electric power is sent from one city to another city through copper wires.
The fall of potential per km is 8 volt and the average resistance per km is 0.5 The power loss in the wire
is:
150 km
8 0.5
(A) 19.2 W (B*) 19.2 kW (C) 19.2 J (D) 12.2 kW
Ans. (B)
Sol. Total voltage drop = 150 × 8 = V
total resistance of wire R = 0.5 × 150
V 2 (150 8) 2
Power loss = = 19.2 KW
R 0 .5 150
= 150 × 8 = V
R = 0.5 × 150
V2 (150 8) 2
= = 19.2 KW
R 0 .5 150
18. The resistance in the two arms of the meter bridge are 5 and R , respectively. Null point is obtained
1 distance away from A. When the resistance R is shunted with an equal resistance, the new balance
A B
100 – 1
1
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19. A potentiometer circuit has been set up for finding the internal resistance of a given cell. The main
battery, used across the potentiometer wire, has an emf of 2.0 V and a negligible internal resistance.
The potentiometer wire itself is 4 m long. When the resistance, R, connected acrose the given cell, has
values of .
(i) infinity (ii) 9.5
The 'balancing lengths, on the potentiometer wire are found to be 3m and 2.85 m, respectively.
The value of internal resistance of the cell is :
4m
(EMF) 2.0 V
4 mR
(i) (ii) 9.5
3m 2.85 m
(A) 0.25 (B) 0.95 (C*) 0.5 (D) 0.75
Ans. (C)
Sol. Internal resistance of the unknown cell is
1 3
r –1 R – 1 (9.5 ) = 0.5
2 2 .85
1 3
r –1 R – 1 (9.5 ) = 0.5
2 2 .85
20. In an ammeter 0.2% of main current passes through the galvanometer. If resistance of galvanometer is
G, the resistance of ammeter will be :
1 499 1 500
(A) G (B) G (C*) G (D) G
499 500 500 499
0.2% G
:
1 499 1 500
(A) G (B) G (C*) G (D) G
499 500 500 499
Ans. (C)
Sol.
i 499
as (G) and the shunt are in parallel combination ig Rg = is Rs (G ) i (Si)
500 500
i 499
(G) ig Rg = is Rs (G ) i (Si)
500 500
G
S=
499
Equivalent resitance of the ammeter
1 1 1 G
Req =
R eq G G 500
499
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O
1. Circuit for the measurement of resistance by potentiometer is shown. The galvanometer is first
connected at point A and zero deflection is observed at length PJ = 10 cm. In second case it is
connected at point C and zero deflection is observed at a length 30 cm from P. Then the unknown
resistance X is
A
PJ = 10 cm C
P 30 cm x
P J Q
G
A C
R X
R R
(A*) 2R (B) (C) (D) 3R
2 3
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Sol. In potentiometer wire potential difference is directly proportional to length
2. All the rods have same conductance ‘K’ and same area of cross section ‘A’. If ends A and C are
maintained at temperature 2T0 and T0 respectively then which of the following is/are correct:
(A) Rate of heat flow through ABC, AOC and ADC is same
(B) Rate of heat flow through BO and OD is not same
3 K A T0
(C) Total Rate of heat flow from A to C is
2a
(D*) Temperature at junctions B, O and D are same
‘K’ ‘A’ A C 2T0
T0
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3. The upper end of the string of a simple pendulum is fixed to a vertical z - axis and set in motion such
that the bob moves along a horizontal circular path of radius 2 m, parallel to the x y plane, 5 m above the
origin. The bob has a speed of 3 m/s. The string breaks when the bob is vertically above the x - axis,
and it lands on the xy plane at a point (x, y)
( z - 5 m
x y 2 m 3 m/s
x - xy (x, y)
4. A heated body emits radiation which has maximum intensity near the frequency 0
. The emissivity of
the material is 0.5. If the absolute temperature of the body is doubled
(A*) the maximum intensity of radition will be near the frequency 2 0
(B) the maximum intensity of radiation will be near the frequency 0/2
(C*) the total energy emitted will increase by a factor of 16
(D) the total energy emitted will increase by a factor of 8
0
0.5 -
(A*) 2 0
(B) 0/ 2
(C*) 16
(D) 8
5. An uncharged conducting sphere of radius R is placed near a uniformly charge ring of radius R. Total
charge on ring is Q. The centre of sphere lies on axis of ring and distance of centre of sphere form
centre of ring is R.
R R
Q R
R
KQ
(A) Potential at centre of ring is
R
KQ
(B*) Potential at centre of ring is
2R
(C) Potential at centre of ring due to conducting sphere is zero
KQ
(D*) Potential at centre of conducting sphere is
2R
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KQ
(A)
R
KQ
(B*)
2R
(C)
KQ
(D*)
2R
Comprehension
A thin uniform rod of length and mass m is freely pivoted about its end. The rod is initially held
horizontally and released from rest. When the rod is vertical, an impulse J is applied to bring it to rest
(this is in addition to any impulse provided by the pivot)
m
J
6. What is the angular velocity of the rod at the moment it reaches the vertical position?
6g 3g 3g
(A) (B) 2 (C*) (D) None of these
9. The distance from the pivot at which impulse, must be applied, if there is to be no horizontal force at the
pivot
2
(A) (B) (C*) (D)
2 3 3
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Sol. (A) By applying COME
1
mg I 2=
22
1 m 2 2
mg =
2 2 3
=
3g J
+ –
Z
Column–I Column–II
(A) If X is a resistance (p) current will flow clockwise
(B) If X is a battery (q) current will flow anticlockwise
(C) If Y is a resistance (r) Z will act like a load
(D) If Y is a battery (s) It is not possible to decide
whether Z is a battery or resistor
–I –II
(A) X (p)
(B) X (q)
(C) Y (r) Z
(D) Y (s) Z
Ans. (A) – (p) ; (B) – (s) ; (C) – (q, r,s) ; (D) – (s)
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O
3R 3R 4R 5R
(A) (B*) (C) (D)
4 2 3 3
Sol. Apply = about bottom most point
=
3
F×h= = mR2
2
2 Fh
R=
3 mR
For translatory motion
F 3R
a= R= h=
m 2
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2. Circuit shown in figure is a simple ohm meter, in which G is galvanometer, R0 is known resistance and
R is the resistance which is to be measured
If A and B is short circuited by a resistance less wire, Galvanometer gives full scale deflection, then to
read the resistance R directely from galvanometer,its scale would look like (Resistance of galvanometer
is negligible):
G R0 R
A B
R
:
(A*) (B)
(C) (D)
E
Sol. For full deflection I0 =
R0
0
R = R0 = Half deflection
2
0
R = 3R0 = One fourth deflection
4
3. A solid sphere and a hollow sphere of the same material and of equal radii are heated to the same
temperature.
(A*) Both will emit equal amount of radiation per unit time in the beginning
(B*) Both will absorb equal amount of radiation from the surrounding in the beginning
(C) The initial rate of cooling will be the same for the two spheres
(D) The two spheres will have equal temperatures at any instant.
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dQ
Sol. Since for emitting = eAT 4
dt e
dQ
And for absorption ; = eATs4
dt
Therefore, Both with emit & absorb equal amount of radiation in the beginning.
dT eA 4
For cooling = T
dt ms
All the terms on RHS are same for both spheres except mass "m". ( Solid and hollow)
RHS "m" . ()
dT
Hence is different for both.
dt
Hence (C) and (D) are wrong .
4. If you fail to find any balanced point, as we slide the jocky along A B in given figure. What may be the
reason.
A B A B
5. In the previous question, if VAB is less than Vxy then null point can be obtained if we
VAB Vxy
(A*) Increase E (B*) Reduce Rh (C) Decrease E (D) Increase Rh
(A*) E (B*) Rh (C) E (D) Rh
Sol. Any change can be done which assures p.d. across R or X less then or equal to V
R X V
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6. In the circuit shown, the reading of the ammeter (ideal) is the same with both switches open as with
both closed. Find the value of resistance R in ohm.
()
R
100
A
R
50
E
+ –
300 1.5V
Ans. 600
R1
A
Sol.
R
R3
R2 E
E
=
R R1
R2
R R1
Current through the ammeter
R RE E
A = = =
R R1 (R R1 ) R 2 R R1 R 2R 1
R1 R 2
R
As A = A
R1 R 2 100 300
R= = = 600
R3 50
7. A brick is projected from ground with speed v at angle from horizontal. The longer face of brick is
parallel to ground. The brick slides along ground through some distance after hitting ground and then
stops. The collision is perfectly inelastic. The coefficient of friction is ( cot The angle is chosen
such that brick travels the maximum horizontal distance before coming to rest. Find this distance in
meters :
v
( cot
:
2
v 2 (1 )
Ans.
2 g
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v 2 sin 2
Sol. Range =
g
Impulse along vertical after collision x = mv sin
Horizontal impulse y = – mv sin
So horizontal velocity after impact = v cos – v sin
So total distance along horizontal
v 2 2 sincos v2
D= + (sin – cos )2
g 2 g
v 2 (4 sin cos (sin cos )2 v 2 (sin cos )2
= =
2 g 2 g
2
v 2 (1 )
Dmax =
2 g
Comprehension :
A strange cat with a mass mc is sitting at rest on the left sled of a pair of identical sleds. The sleds have
mass ms and sit on frictionless ice. Suddenly, the cat leaps to the right sled, traveling with a horizontal
speed vcg measured with respect to the ground. The instant the cat reaches the right sled, it turns
around and leaps back to the left sled. The horizontal component of the cat’s speed is again v cg
measured with respect to the ground.
mc sledge)
ms vcg
vcg
Vcg
8. What is the final speed of Left sled in terms of the masses of the cat and sleds and the cat’s leaping
speed? (The cat remains on the left sled after its return).
(
).
2m c v cg 2m s v cg 2m c v cg m c v cg
(A*) (B) (C) (D)
ms mc m s mc ms ms
2mc v cg 2mc v cg
Answer, v left cled and v right cled
ms mc ms
Solution: Let mc be the mass of the cat, and ms be the mass of the sled. Since the ice is assumed to be
frictionless, there is no external force acting on the cat-sled system, and so momentum is conserved at each
“jump”.
mc ms
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10. Four identical rods, each of mass m and length are joined to form a rigid square frame. The frame lies
in the X-Y plane, with its centre at the origin and the sides parallel to the x and y axis. it’s moment of
inertia about :-
m
X-Y x y
y
Column I Column II
(A) An axis parallel to z-axis (p) 5/3 m 2
and passing through a corner
(B) One side (q) 2/3 m 2
I II
(A) z- (p) 5/3 m 2
(B) (q) 2/3 m 2
Ans. A – s , B – p, C – q , D – r
Sol. (A) (Sol. made by AJ Sir)
Axes passing through O and perpendicular to plane
O
2
2
2m m 2 5
= 2 m
3 12 2
10 2
= m
3
(B)
2
2m 2 5 2
= m = m
3 3
2
2m 2
(C) = 2m
12 2
2 2
= m
3
2
m 2 4 2
(D) = 4 m = m
12 2 3
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