Definitions of Management

• Management is getting things done through other people.

• Management is the process of planning, organizing, leading and controlling the efforts of organizational members and
using all available resources to reach organizational goals.
• A process of directing, guiding, influencing individuals and groups in order to achieve pre-determined goals.
Definitions of Management
 Koontz & Weihrich – Management is the process of designing and maintaining on environment in which individuals,
working together in groups, efficiently accomplish selected aims.
 Terry & Franklin – Management is the distinct process consisting of activities of planning, organizing, actuating and
controlling, performed to determine and accomplish stated objectives with the use of human beings and other resources.
Definitions of Management
 Basic resources i.e 6 M’s:-
Men & Woman
Materials
Machines
Methods
Money
Markets
Definitions of Management
 F.W Taylor – Management is to forecast, to plan, to organize, to command, to coordinate and control activities of
others.
 American Management Association – Management is guiding human and physical resources into dynamic organization
units which attain their objectives to the satisfaction of those served and with a high degree of morale and sense of attainment
on the part of those rendering service.
The Management Process or Functions of Management

FEEDBACK

As managers, people carry out the managerial functions of planning, organizing, staffing, leading and controlling.
Management applies to every organization, business or non-business. In business organizations, it applies to managers at all
organizational levels. Managing is concerned with productivity, which implies effectiveness and efficiency.
The Management Process or Functions of Management
 Management is the process of getting things done through others. The process is identified in a set of functions
performed by managers to accomplish the goals. The functions generally performed by the managers are as follows:-
 Planning
 Organizing
 Directing
 Staffing
 Controlling
The Management Process or Functions of Management
 Planning:-
Conceiving of a method beforehand, by which an activity is to be carried out so as to meet an objective.
Planning requires decision-making i.e choosing from among alternative future course of action.
Planning is setting the targets and objectives to be achieved, devising ways and means to achieve them and selecting
the best action to achieve the goal.
The Management Process or Functions of Management
Organizing:-
It is grouping the activities necessary to attain objectives. Whereby managers assign work to the sub-ordinates along
with the necessary authority and responsibility, creating an organization climate and culture, for the purpose of achievement of
organizational goals.
The Management Process or Functions of Management
 Directing:-
Directing is telling people what to do and seeing that they do it to the best of their ability. Thus directing is bringing
plans into action by the process of motivation, communication, leadership, supervision and team building of all the
organizational members.
The Management Process or Functions of Management
 Staffing:-
Staffing is a managerial function of hiring people and placing them in the right jobs as per their competence. Hence
training them and developing them so that they can strive for the accomplishment of goals of the organization.
The Management Process or Functions of Management
 Controlling:-
Control is the process that measures current performance and guides it towards some pre-determined goals. Hence the
control function lies in checking existing actions against some desired results. Controlling is ensuring that plans have be
adhered and in case of any mistakes between the desired and the actual results, it takes necessary action to correct the mistakes.

OBJECTIVES
After the end of the module you will be able to define :–
 What is Management?
 Nature of Management
 Scope of Management
 Functions Of Management
 Role Of Managers
WHAT IS MANAGEMENT?

Management is the process involving planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling human efforts to achieve
stated objectives in an organization.

NATURE OF MANAGEMENT
Nature of Management The study and application of management techniques in managing the affairs of the
organization have changed its nature over the period of time. Various contributions to the field of management have changed
its nature. Therefore the nature of management can be described as follow; Multidisciplinary Dynamic nature of principles
Relative, not absolute principles Management: Science or Art Management as Profession Universality of Management

MANAGEMENT AS DISCIPLINARY
Management is basically multidisciplinary. This implies that, although management has been developed as a separate
discipline, it draws knowledge and concepts from various discipline. It draws freely ideas and concepts from psychology,
sociology, anthropology, economics, ecology etc. Management integrates the ideas and concepts taken from these disciplines
and presents newer concepts which can be put into practice for managing the organization. In fact the integration of knowledge
of various discipline is the major contribution of management and this integrated discipline is known as management.

DYNAMIC NATURE OF PRINCIPLES

Principle is a fundamental truth which establish causes and effect relationships of function. Management has framed
certain principles on the basis of integration and supported by practical evidences. These principles are flexible in nature and
with the changed in the environment in which an organization exists. Because of the continuous development in the field,
many older principles are being changed by new Principles. In fact, there is nothing permanent in the landslide of management.

RELATIVE, NOT ABSOLUTE PRINCIPLE

Principles are relative, not absolute and they should be applied according to the need of the organization. Each
organization may be different from others. The difference may exits because of time, place, socio-culture factors etc. However
individuals working within the same organization may also differ. Thus a particular management should be applied in the light
of prevailing conditions.

MANAGEMENT: SCIENCE OR ART

There is a controversy whether Management is science or art. Management is both science and Art. Management as
Science & Management as an art. Management: science and art are both.

MANAGEMENT AS PROFESSION
1 Existence of knowledge:
2 Acquisition of Knowledge
3 Profession Association
4 Ethical Codes
5 Service motive Management as Emerging profession, Profession of Management in India

SCOPE OF MANAGEMENT
Production Management:
• Designing the product
• Location and layout of plant and building
• Planning and control of factory operations
• Operation of purchase and storage of materials
• Repairs and maintenance
• Inventory cost and quality control
• Research and development etc.

SCOPE OF MANAGEMENT
Marketing Management:
 Marketing research to determine the needs and expectation of consumers
 Planning and developing suitable products
 Setting appropriate prices
 Selecting the right channel of distribution, and
 Promotional activities like advertising and salesmanship to communicate with the customers

SCOPE OF MANAGEMENT
Financial Management:
 Selecting the appropriate source of funds
 Raising the required funds at the right time
 Administration of earnings
 Estimating the volume of funds

SCOPE OF MANAGEMENT
Personnel Management: :
 Manpower planning
 Recruitments
 Selection
 Training
 Appraisal
 Promotions and transfers
 Compensation
 Employee welfare services, and
 Personnel records and research, etc.

MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS
 Planning
 Organizing
 Staffing
 Directing
 Controlling
FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT

Planning is the first function which is basically a logical thinking process that decides what needs to be done in order to
achieve organization's goals and objectives. It focuses on the broader perspective of the business as well as taking into
consideration, the tactical methods to get the desired results.

FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT

Organizing is about setting up and maintaining the internal organizational structure in accordance with objectives
mentioned in planning stage. It also involves assigning tasks to various individuals for the larger goal of organization's
missions and objectives.

FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT

Staffing is the process of choosing right people for organization. It can be associated with human resource management
and involves recruitment, hiring, training and compensating the workforce.

FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT

Directing is guiding people in the organization through the means of counseling, instructing, motivating

FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT

Controlling The process of leading and influencing the task related activities of group members or an entire
organization

5 M’S OF MANAGEMENT

 Money
 Manpower
 Material
 Machinery
 Methods

ROLE OF MANAGERS
Role Functions:-
 Interpersonal
 Informational
 Decisional
 Planning
 Organizing
 Staffing
 Directing
 Controlling

CONCEPT OF MANAGEMENT
 Management is a Discipline
 Management as a Group of People
 Management as a Process
CONCEPT OF MANAGEMENT
 Management is a Discipline
Discipline refers to the field of study have well defined concepts and principles. Hence how these principles can be
applied in managing the organization.
CONCEPT OF MANAGEMENT
 Management as a Group of People
We refer to management as a group of people in which we include all those personnel who perform managerial
functions in organizations.
 We talk about relationship between management and labour in an organization.

CONCEPT OF MANAGEMENT
 Management as a Process
The Management as a process includes various activities and sub activities.
Process can be referred to as flow of information directed towards the achievement of an objective or set of objectives.
Hence, in which events and relationships must be seen as dynamic, continuous and flexible way
CONCEPT OF MANAGEMENT
 Management as a Process
The total activities of an organization can be divided as operational and managerial.
Thus Management can be defined as a process of getting things done through the efforts of others.
CONCEPT OF MANAGEMENT
 Management as a Process
Because of the existence of different approaches i.e.
 Production or efficiency oriented.
 Decision – oriented.
 People – oriented.
 Function – oriented.

FEATURES OF MANAGEMENT
 Organized Activities.
 Existence of Objectives.
 Relationship among resources.
 Working with and through people.
 Decision – Making.

IMPORTANCE OF MANAGEMENT
 Effective utilization of resources.
 Development of resources.
 To incorporate Innovations.
 Integrating various interest groups.
 Stability in the society.