PNC - P200 PDF

Feeder Terminal Unit
for Distribution Automation
Pole-top Load Break Switch Control

Model Name : FTU-P200
Technical Manual V2.3

Information in this document is subject to change without notice. No part of this document may be
reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, for any purpose
without the express written permission of PNC Technologies Co.,Ltd.
Copyright©2010 PNC Technologies Co., Ltd.
All rights reserved
For further information, Contact:
5F, Kwangmyung B/D Tel +82-2-2240-8190

Bangi-dong, Songpa-gu Fax +82-2-2240-8188
138-050, Republic of Korea Website http://www.pnctech.co.kr
E-mail nsyoon@pnctech.co.kr
REVISION HISTORY
REV DATE DESCRIPTION/RESON
1.0 2010-08-25 DRAFT
1.1 2011-07-04 UPDATED
2.0 2012-08-22 UPDATED (FUNCTIONS WERE IMPROVED)
2.3 2013-05-02 UPDATED V2.2

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Table of Contents .................................................................................... 4
1. Overview ............................................................................................ 1
1.1. Automation of Distribution Lines................................................................ 1
1.2. Main Features of FTU-P200 ....................................................................... 2
2. Technical Data ................................................................................... 4
2.1. Digital Processor ......................................................................................... 4
2.1.1. Dual Processor Architecture.................................................................................................. 4
2.1.2. Analog/Digital Conversion .................................................................................................... 4
2.1.3. DSP ......................................................................................................................................... 4
2.1.4. CPU ......................................................................................................................................... 5
2.1.5. Functional Block Diagram ..................................................................................................... 5
2.2. Environmental Conditions ......................................................................... 6
2.3. Inputs/Outputs ........................................................................................... 7
2.4. Measurements ............................................................................................. 9
2.4.1. Currents .................................................................................................................................. 9
2.4.2. Voltages .................................................................................................................................. 9
2.4.3. Power ...................................................................................................................................... 9
2.4.4. Power Factor ........................................................................................................................ 10
2.4.5. Frequency ............................................................................................................................. 10
2.4.6. Energy ................................................................................................................................... 10
2.4.7. Harmonic.............................................................................................................................. 10
2.4.8. Demand Current and Power................................................................................................. 11
2.5. Communication..........................................................................................12
2.5.1. Physical Layer ...................................................................................................................... 12
2.5.2. Protocol for scada ................................................................................................................ 13
2.6. Recording ...................................................................................................14
2.6.1. Event Recorder..................................................................................................................... 14
2.6.2. Waveform Event Recorder .................................................................................................. 14
3. Construct and External Connection ...................................................15
3.1. Appearance & Dimension .......................................................................... 15
3.2. Connector ................................................................................................... 17
4. Front Panel Operations .................................................................... 19
4.1. Button & LED Description ........................................................................ 20
4.1.1. LCD Display .........................................................................................................................20
4.1.2. FTU Status ............................................................................................................................20
4.1.3. MENU/UP/DOWN/ENTER Buttons .................................................................................20
4.1.4. Serial Port .............................................................................................................................20
4.1.5. Ethernet/SCADA/Protection Communication LED ..........................................................20
4.1.6. Battery Test & Lamp Test .................................................................................................... 21
4.1.7. Reset Button ......................................................................................................................... 21
4.1.8. Function LED ....................................................................................................................... 21
4.1.9. SELECT/OPEN/CLOSE Buttons and LEDs ....................................................................... 22
4.2. LCD Manipulation .................................................................................... 23

4.2.1. LCD Menu ............................................................................................................................ 24
5. Protection Functions ........................................................................ 28
5.1. Fault Indication......................................................................................... 28
5.2. Negative Phase Sequence (NPS) Detection ...............................................31
5.3. Sensitive Earth Fault (SEF) Detection .................................................... 32
5.4. Direction Detection ................................................................................... 34
5.5. 2nd Harmonic Detection ............................................................................ 35
5.6. Open Line Detection (Loss Of Phase) ....................................................... 36
5.7. Phase Sync. Check ..................................................................................... 37
5.8. Under Voltage Detection........................................................................... 37
5.9. Over Voltage Detection ............................................................................. 38
5.10. Under Frequency Detection ...................................................................... 38
5.11. Over Frequency Detection ........................................................................ 38
5.12. Auto Sectionalizing ................................................................................... 39
5.13. Analog Alarm ............................................................................................ 40
5.14. Multiple Setting Groups.............................................................................41
6. Configuration Setting ....................................................................... 42
6.1. I/O Configuration ..................................................................................... 42
6.1.1. AC Rating ............................................................................................................................. 42
6.1.2. Waveform Trigger ................................................................................................................ 43
6.1.3. Demand Setting ................................................................................................................... 43
6.1.4. Energy Profile....................................................................................................................... 43

6.1.5. FI Reset Method ................................................................................................................... 44
6.1.6. Close Interlock ..................................................................................................................... 44
6.1.7. Voltage Display .................................................................................................................... 44
6.1.8. Automatic Battery Check ..................................................................................................... 45
6.2. Power Quality Monitoring Function......................................................... 46
6.2.1. Voltage & Current Unbalance ............................................................................................. 46
6.2.2. Short-Duration Voltage Variation....................................................................................... 46
6.2.3. Voltage & Current THD Alarm ............................................................................................48
6.3. Communication......................................................................................... 49
6.3.1. Port Parameters ................................................................................................................... 49
6.3.2. DNP3.0 Parameters ............................................................................................................. 52
6.3.3. IEC Parameters .................................................................................................................... 53
7. Status Monitoring & Control ............................................................ 54
7.1. Switch Status Monitoring ......................................................................... 54
7.2. Switch Control ........................................................................................... 55
7.3. Battery & Battery Charger Monitoring ..................................................... 56
8. Measurements ................................................................................. 57
8.1. Basic Electric Quantities ........................................................................... 57
8.2. Sequence Components .............................................................................. 58
8.3. Harmonics ................................................................................................. 58
8.4. Energy ....................................................................................................... 58
8.5. Demand currents and power .................................................................... 60

9. Maintenance Software ..................................................................... 62
9.1. Overview .................................................................................................... 62
9.2. Operation of FTUMan ............................................................................. 63
9.2.1. Menu ..................................................................................................................................... 63
9.2.2. Toolbar ................................................................................................................................. 66
9.2.3. Statusbar .............................................................................................................................. 67
9.2.4. Monitoring bar ..................................................................................................................... 67
9.2.5. Function and configuration Setting ....................................................................................68
9.2.6. Event ..................................................................................................................................... 70
9.2.7. Measurement ....................................................................................................................... 78
9.2.8. Status ....................................................................................................................................84
9.2.9. Waveform ............................................................................................................................. 85
10. I/O Configuration Tool ..................................................................... 87
10.1. Overview .................................................................................................... 87
10.2. Operation of IOConfig ............................................................................ 88
10.2.1. Menu .................................................................................................................................... 88
10.2.2. Toolbar .................................................................................................................................89
10.2.3. Input .....................................................................................................................................89
10.2.4. Output...................................................................................................................................90
11. DNP3.0 Index Configuration Tool .................................................... 90
11.1. Overview .....................................................................................................91
11.2. Operation of DNPConfig .........................................................................91

11.2.1. Menu ..................................................................................................................................... 93
11.2.2. Toolbar ................................................................................................................................. 94
11.2.3. Configuration Tool Box ....................................................................................................... 95
11.2.4. Binary Input ......................................................................................................................... 96
11.2.5. Binary Output.......................................................................................................................98
11.2.6. Analog Input......................................................................................................................... 99
11.2.7. Counter ............................................................................................................................... 100
12. Waveform Evaluation Tool ............................................................. 102
12.1. Overview .................................................................................................. 102
12.2. Operation of EvalTool........................................................................... 103
12.2.1. Menu ................................................................................................................................... 103
12.2.2. Toolbar ............................................................................................................................... 105
13. IEC Index Configuration Tool ......................................................... 106
13.1. Overview .................................................................................................. 106
13.2. Operation of IECConfig .......................................................................... 106
13.2.1. Menu ................................................................................................................................... 107
13.2.2. Toolbar ............................................................................................................................... 108
13.2.3. Configuration Tool Box ..................................................................................................... 109
13.2.4. MSP Point ........................................................................................................................... 110
13.2.5. CSC Point ............................................................................................................................ 110
13.2.6. MME Point .......................................................................................................................... 111
13.2.7. MIT Point ............................................................................................................................112

1. OVERVIEW
1.1. AUTOMATION OF DISTRIBUTION LINES
Distribution lines have their own equipments in outdoor, the types of loads are various,
and the configurations of the networks are flexible and complicated. There are many kinds
of fault causes such as direct contact of trees or birds, natural phenomenon of lightning or
heavy snow, and fault spread-out due to customer’s facilities. Among these faults, most of
faults are temporary and the dominant fault type is ground-fault.
For rapid fault detection and fault section isolation, blackout area minimization, many
protection devices such as Recloser, Sectionalizer, and Line Fuse are adopted. Among these
devices, Automatic Circuit Recloser is the most important protection device, whose main
functions are fault current trip and auto-reclosing.
There may be many LBS (Load Break Switch) on the distribution lines. This equipment
can’t break fault current directly. But this equipment is used to isolate a section or load of
distribution line, especially fault section during outages. Nowadays, communications may
be used easily and cheaply for distribution automation. Under the automation environment,
the fault section can be found and isolated very quickly.
FTU-P200 is the LBS controller which has the function of fault detection, remote control
and monitoring, various electric metering, etc. It is the IED (Intelligent Electric Device)
which is necessary for distribution automation.
1
1.2. MAIN FEATURES OF FTU-P200
LBS body is connected serially to distribution line to operate open / close of the line, and
LBS Controller is in charge of measurements of currents, voltages, and other electric values,
protection, control, status monitoring, recording, and communication.
FTU-P200 is a kind of IED’s (Intelligent Electronic Device) for power system automation,
which is a fully digitalized and microprocessor-based control device, and through
connecting with this control device, LBS can play a role of automated protection device.
Main features of FTU-P200 are as follows,
Measurements
Magnitude and phase angle of voltages & currents(Fundamental
frequency)
Sequence components of 3-Phase voltages & currents
True RMS, Harmonics and THD of voltages & currents
Active, reactive and apparent power for each phase and 3-phase
Energy(4-quadrant metering)
Displacement Power Factor
Frequency
PQM, Fault, THD Counter
Phase difference between source-side and load-side voltage
Control
Manual LBS Open/Close at local or remote(Select Before Operation)

Interlocking(Gas low, Handle lock, Operator place, Sync Fail, Live Load)
Battery Test
Protection
Fault Detection (Phase and Earth Fault)
SEF(Sensitive Earth Fault) Detection
Cold Load protection(Pickup Adjustment)
Magnetizing Inrush Restraints
Open Line Detection
Phase Sync. Fail Detection
Over Voltage, Under Voltage
Under Frequency, Over frequency
2
Status Monitoring
10 Contact Inputs
Switch Open/Closed
Mechanical Locked
Gas Pressure Low
External AC Power Loss
Enclosure Door Open
Etc.
Battery Low or fail
Battery charger fail
Fault Indication
Open Line Detection
Over Voltage, Under Voltage, Under Frequency, Over Frequency
Event Recording
Event recording with time-stamp
I/O, Functional, System, Fault Current, Demand Current & Power,
Daily Max Current & Power
Waveform Recording
8 Fault Waveforms
6 PQM Waveforms
1 Manual Trigger Waveform
128 samples/cycle, 20 cycles
Saving COMTRADE File Format
Counter
FTU Restart count
Switch Open Count
Fault Detection Count
PQM Count
THD Count
Communication Protocols
DNP3.0
DNP3.0 over TCP/IP
SCADA Port
IEC60870-5-101
IEC60870-5-104 (Unbalanced/Balanced)
Maintenance Port Modbus-RTU
GSM/GPRS Supports PPP connection, SMS
SNTP Client Supported through TCP/IP port
3
2. TECHNICAL DATA
2.1. DIGITAL PROCESSOR
2.1.1. DUAL PROCESSOR ARCHITECTURE
ü 32-bit RISC type micro-controller with on-chip flash program memory

ü 32-bit floating-point Digital Signal Processor
ü HPI-Port Memory for communication between two processors
ü Data Memory(SRAM)
ü Non-volatile Memory(1Mbytes) for storing events and parameters
ü Flash Memory for storing fault and PQM Waveforms
ü Real Time Clock
2.1.2. ANALOG/DIGITAL CONVERSION
ü 16-bit A/D Converter

ü Sampling rate : 128 samples/cycle
ü Anti-aliasing analog filter
ü One gain channel for each current input : effective 16-bit resolution for
current measurements
2.1.3. DSP
ü Correction of analog input error

ü Fast Fourier Transform : phasor calculation
ü Electric quantities calculation & Fault Decision
4
2.1.4. CPU
ü Status monitoring & Control Command

ü Local Human-Machine Interface
ü Event Recording
ü Remote Communication(DNP3.0, IEC60870-5-101 and IEC60870-5-104)
ü Self Diagnosis
2.1.5. FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
Figure 2-1 Functional Block Diagram
5
2.2. ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
Altitude < 2,000m
Wind Speed < 40m/s
Ambıent Temporature - 25 ~ +70°C, KSC 0220/1
Storage Temporature - 40 ~ +85°C
Humidity < 95%RH
Dielectric withstand IEC 60255-5, 2kV
Impulse voltage IEC 60255-5, 6kV for current input circuit

IEC 60255-5, 4kV for voltage, power input & Contacts I/O
Insulation resistance IEC 60255-5, >500MW (DC500V)
High frequency disturbance IEC 61000-4-12 class 3 (2.5kV)
Fast transient noise IEC61000-4-4 class 4 (4kV)
Radio frequency noise IEC 61000-4-3 10V/m
Vibrations IEC 60255-21-1 class 2
Mechanical Shock IEC 60255-21-2 class 2
Enclosure protection IP54
6
2.3. INPUTS/OUTPUTS
Binary Contacts Input : 10 Points
DC 24V Biased in the control box

Opto-isolation(Viso) : 2,000 Vrms
Delay time setting(10~500ms) for each contact input to suppress bouncing
Signals
Switch Open
Switch Closed
Switch Locked
Gas Pressure Low
External AC Power Fail
Battery Discharged
Control Box Door Open
Spare 3
Binary Contacts Output : 6 Points

Pulse width of output is variable
Signal & Contact rating
DC24V Aux. Relay Contact
Contact Relay : Battery Test, Spare 1~3
PhotoMOS Relay : Switch Open, Close
ü Contact Relay Rating
Rated Current 16A

Rated Voltage/Max. Breaking Voltage AC 250Vac/440Vac
Max. Breaking Capacity AC 4,000VA
Make Current (Max. 4s at duty cycle 10%) 30A
Dielectric Strength
Coil-Contacts 5,000Vrms
Open Contact Circuit 1,000Vrms
Mechanical Life > 30 x 106 operations
Operate Time typical 7ms
ü PhotoMOS Relay Rating
Rated Load Current 120mA

Rated Load Voltage 350Vac
I/O isolation Voltage 1,500Vac
7
Current Input : 4 Channel
12.5A Maximum(external CT Ratio is 1,000:1 normally)
Burden : below than 1VA
3-Phase Current and Neutral Currents
Isolation by auxiliary CT of RTU(Viso) : 2,000 Vrms
Surge Withstand Voltage : 6kV
Signal : Ia, Ib, Ic, In
Voltage Input : 6 Channel

4Vrms at rated Phase Voltages
Burden : below than 0.01VA
Maximum input range : ~200%
Isolation by auxiliary PT of RTU(Viso) : 2,000 Vrms
Surge Withstand Voltage : 4kV
Signal : Va, Vb, Vc, Vr, Vs, Vt
Power Supply Input
DC 24V(DC20~DC29V)
Power Consumption: Max. 15W
8
2.4. MEASUREMENTS
2.4.1. CURRENTS
RMS(A) & Phase angle(°) Ia, Ib, Ic, In
Sequence Component I1, I2, I0
True RMS Ia, Ib, Ic, I0
Reading Range 2~12, 500A(External CT Ratio 1,000 : 1)
Accuracy 2~600A ±1% or ±1A
600~12,000A ±3%
2.4.2. VOLTAGES
RMS(kV) & Phase angle(°) Va, Vb, Vc, Vr, Vs, Vt
Sequence Component V1s, V2s, V0S, V1L, V2L, V0L,
True RMS Va, Vb, Vc, Vr, Vs, Vt
Phase Angle Difference(°) ∠Va - ∠Vr
Reading Range 0.1~40kV
Accuracy ±1% or ±0.1kV
2.4.3. POWER
Active Power(kW) A-Phase, B-Phase, C-Phase, 3-Phase Total
Reactive Power(kVAR) A-Phase, B-Phase, C-Phase, 3-Phase Total,
Apparent Power(kVA) A-Phase, B-Phase, C-Phase, 3-Phase Total
Reading Range -32767~32767
Accuracy ±2%
9
2.4.4. POWER FACTOR
A-Phase, B-Phase, C-Phase, 3-Phase Total
Lead/Lag Display
Reading Range 0~1.0
Accuracy ±4%
2.4.5. FREQUENCY
Reading Range 45 ~ 55Hz (System Frequency : 50Hz)
55 ~ 65Hz (System Frequency : 60Hz)
Accuracy ±0.02Hz
2.4.6. ENERGY
Positive kWh A-Phase, B-Phase, C-Phase, 3-Phase Total
Negative kWh A-Phase, B-Phase, C-Phase, 3-Phase Total
Capacitive Positive kVARh A-Phase, B-Phase, C-Phase, 3-Phase Total,
Capacitive Negative kVARh A-Phase, B-Phase, C-Phase, 3-Phase Total,
Inductive Positive kVARh A-Phase, B-Phase, C-Phase, 3-Phase Total,
Inductive Negative kVARh A-Phase, B-Phase, C-Phase, 3-Phase Total,
Reading Range 0~65535(Rollover)
Accuracy ±4%
2.4.7. HARMONIC
Total Harmonic Distortion (%) 3-Phase Current THD (Ia, Ib, Ic, I3ph)
Source side 3-Phase Voltage THD (Va, Vb, Vc, V3ph)
2nd~31st Harmonic RMS(A, kV) Ia, Ib, Ic, In, Va, Vb, Vc
10
2.4.8. DEMAND CURRENT AND POWER
Configurable Demand Interval 5, 10, 15min (Default 15min)
RMS(A), Active Power(kW), Ia, Ib, Ic, In, Pa, Pb, Pc, P3ph, Qa, Qb, Qc, Q3ph
Reactive Power(kVAR)
Daily Max Current and Power are Stored
11
2.5. COMMUNICATION
2.5.1. PHYSICAL LAYER
2.5.1.1. RS232C
9-Pin Signals DCD(1), Rx(2), Tx(3), DTR(4), GND(5)
DSR(6), RTS(7), CTS(8), NC(9)
Speed(Baud Rate) 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200 BPS
Supports Modem Control CTS, DCD Signal Timeout Configurable
RTS Off-delay Configurable
Optical Isolation
ESD, Transient Noise Protection
2.5.1.2. RS232C/RS485 (NOT AVAILABLE IN P200C MODEL)
RS232C Signals Rx(2), Tx(3), GND(5), RTS(7), CTS(8), MODE(4)
To use RS232C, MODE pin shall be connected to

GND externally.
RS485 signals DATA-(3) DATA+(7)
Speed(Baud Rate) 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200 BPS
Optical Isolation
ESD, Transient Noise Protection
2.5.1.3. TCP/IP (NOT AVAILABLE IN P200C MODEL)
Ethernet Port 10/100 Base-T
2.5.1.4. CAN (CODE AREA NETWOK)
Dedicated channel for the communication between RTU and power supply board with
battery charger.
12
2.5.2. PROTOCOL FOR SCADA
2.5.2.1. DNP3.0
① Support DNP3.0 Subset Level 3

② Class of each point is settable(Using DNP3.0 Index Configuration Tool)
③ Supports multi-frame transmission(multi-frame interval is configurable)
④ Enable/Disable unsolicited message class
⑤ Supports file transfer function for uploading fault waveform and local event history
⑥ Non-transmitted events are stored on non-volatile memory during communication fail
⑦ Event buffer size : Binary Input(254), Analog Input(127), Counter(19)
⑧ Supports direct operate or select before operate(SBO) for control output
⑨ Supports report by exception for analog values
⑩ Protocol frame monitor was built in FTU
⑪ Event transmission by dial-up can be enabled in GSM environment.
2.5.2.2. IEC60870-5-101
① Address size is configurable.

② Two time tag formats are selectable. :24-bit or 56-bit
③ Single character for NACK is supported.
④ Cyclic update of measurements data.
⑤ Class assignable for each object type. ( single point, double points, measured point)
⑥ Supports report by exception for updating analog values
2.5.2.3. IEC60870-5-104
IEC 60870-5-104 (also known as IEC 870-5-104) is an international standard, released in

2000 by the IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission). As can be seen from the
standard's full designation 'Network access for IEC 60870-5-101 using standard transport
profiles', its application layer is based on IEC 60870-5-101. IEC 60870-5-104 enables
communication between control station and substation via a standard TCP/IP network. The
TCP protocol is used for connection-oriented secure data transmission.
2.5.2.4. MODBUS RTU SERIAL/TCP
① Modbus RTU protocol can be selected for communicating with SCADA

② Modbus TCP can be selected in the Ethernet port.
13
2.6. RECORDING
2.6.1. EVENT RECORDER
This function is used to verify shortly the operated history or log of FTU in normal
operation and fault situation. Event recording is triggered by power reset, set value change,
operation of protection functions, self-diagnosis error, etc., and events can be stored
including event occurred time, measured values or operation status. And, this recording
function follows the FIFO (First In First Out) rule. Stored events can be uploaded to and
listed on FTU PC S/W (FTUMan) through RS232C port on front panel.
Event List Sub Items Max.
I/O Events Status change of binary Input/Output 1023
Function Events Operated status of Protection Function 30000 (P200)
1023(P200C)
System Events Setting change, Reset, Self Diagnosis 255
Fault I Events Latest fault current, phase and time 255
PQM Events Operated status of PQM Function 255
Demand I,P,Q Events Each phase daily average load current, active 6143
power and reactive power with time
Max. I,P,Q Events Each phase daily Peak load current, active 1023
2.6.2. WAVEFORM EVENT RECORDER
Fault & PQM waveforms recording function are used to store the measured instantaneous
current/voltage values of pre-fault and post-fault at 128 samples per cycle. Record length,
trigger source and trigger position of pre/post-fault in recorded data are adjustable. The
record types are 128 samples * 20 cycles, 64 samples * 40 cycles, 32 samples * 80 cycles, 16
samples * 160 cycles.
According to the purpose, operators can set the fault recording trigger source and trigger
position of pre-fault/post-fault. Trigger position means the percentage position in recorded
fault data, and the pre-fault data are recorded before this point and rest of the data are
recorded as the post-fault after this point. The recorded fault waveforms are also uploaded
to FTU PC S/W, and current/voltage waveforms at fault and protection elements operation
can be analyzed with fault evaluation.
This waveform recording function follows the COMTRADE file format rule.
14
3. CONSTRUCT AND EXTERNAL CONNECTION
3.1. APPEARANCE & DIMENSION
Front panel of FTU-P200 has an operational LCD display, a RS232C port for setting and
maintenance, indicating LED’s, and push buttons. The arrangement of LEDs and buttons
on the front panel of delivered product may be different from the following picture due to
customizing for special requirements of user.
Figure 3-1 Front Panel Drawing of FTU
15
The following is the Top-view of FTU-P200 panel.
Figure 3-2 Top View of FTU Panel
The next drawing is Side-view of FTU-P200 panel, and there are measurement module
connector, control module connector, monitoring module connector, power connectors, and
RS232C port for SCADA communication on the right side of FTU panel.
Figure 3-3 Side View of FTU Panel
16
3.2. CONNECTOR
On the right side of FTU-P200 panel, there are RS232 communication port to SCADA,
control source power connector, DI (Status Monitoring) connector, DO (Control) connector,
AI (Measurement) connectors for Voltage, Current from top to bottom, TCP/IP connector,
CAN connector, and TD connector. RS232C port is DB9 male-type connector.
Figure 3-4 Pin Connectors on the Right Side of FTU-P200
17
Figure 3-5 Pin Connectors on the Right Side of FTU-P200c
18
4. FRONT PANEL OPERATIONS
On the front panel, there are LED’s indicating LBS status, function buttons and LED’s,
control buttons and LED’s, LCD & Menu buttons and a RS232C port for maintenance.
Figure 4-1 Front Panel Sheet of FTU-P200
19
4.1. BUTTON & LED DESCRIPTION
4.1.1. LCD DISPLAY
4 lines * 20 characters LCD is used and through MENU/UP/DOWN/ENTER buttons,

operators can survey all data and current set values.
4.1.2. FTU STATUS
These LEDs indicate status of FTU-P200.
CPU Run Normal operation of FTU(CPU OK)
System Error Self-diagnosis Error & Switch Status Trouble
Ext.Power External AC Power is supplied
Battery Fail Battery voltage is low (discharged)
4.1.3. MENU/UP/DOWN/ENTER BUTTONS
These buttons are used to operate FTU in local position. Refer to LCD Manipulation
section for detailed methods.
4.1.4. SERIAL PORT
Engineering tool on PC is connected to this port for maintenance and upgrade. RS232C
port for maintenance is DB9 female-type connector.
RS232C Rx(2), Tx(3), GND(5), MODE(9)
4.1.5. ETHERNET/SCADA/PROTECTION COMMUNICATION LED
These LEDs indicate the communication status of FTU-P200.
Ethernet Link Ethernet Linking
Ethernet Act Ethernet Active
SCADA Rx Communication data are received
20
SCADA Tx Transmitting communication data
SCADA RTS Data transmission request to Modem
Protection Rx Communication data are received from another FTU

through RS232C/485 port. (optional function)
Protection Tx Transmitting communication data to another FTU through

RS232C/485 port. (optional function)
4.1.6. BATTERY TEST & LAMP TEST
To test the battery and charger circuit, push ‘BATTERY TEST’ button. When the test
result is fail, we will see turn on Battery Fail LED.
To test the LED, push ‘LAMP TEST’ button. When test is OK, all of the LEDs are turn on
for a while.
4.1.7. RESET BUTTON
This button is used for Annunciator LED Reset (LED turn off). Annunciator LED
represents all the LED’s related to Protection, Reclosing and Self-diagnosis Error.
4.1.8. FUNCTION LED
LIVE LINE LEDs indicate if the lines to source side and load side are energized or
deenergized. LEDs are lit on, when the line voltage goes up the set ‘Voltage ON Level’ and
LEDs are lit off, when the voltage goes down the set ‘Voltage OFF Level’.
Under Voltage LEDs indicate if under voltage function operated.
Sync.Fail LED is lit on when the sync. failure function operates. The function operates
when the phase angle difference between source-side voltage (Va) and load-side voltage (Vr)
is over the setting value and is sustained during set detection time. This status can be used
for the interlock condition of close operation by configuration.
Fault Passage Indicator LEDs are lit on when a fault passes through the LBS and line
is deenergized. Depending on the faulted phase, indicators A,B,C,N,SEF will be lit on.
21
4.1.9. REMOTE/CONTROL LOCK BUTTONS AND LEDS
To decide the control position to Remote, push REMOTE button and make the LED on.
This button and LED are also toggled between Remote and Local position. But, the
manipulation of this button is possible only in the local for operator’s safety.
CONTROL LOCK button enables or disables LBS switching operation. If Control Lock
LED is on, LBS switching operation will be prohibited.
4.1.10. SELECT/OPEN/CLOSE BUTTONS AND LEDS
These buttons are used to locally control (OPEN/CLOSE) LBS. Before local control
command, check first if the control position is LOCAL. SELECT button is a two-phase safety
& confirmation check mechanism, and this concept is similar to SBO (Select Before Operate)
in communication protocol. To manually and locally control LBS, SELECT button should be
pushed down to make the corresponding LED on first. , Selected status by SELECT button
is sustained until Close or Open command is issued or SBO time elapses.
22
4.2. LCD MANIPULATION
MENU/UP/DOWN/ENTER buttons are used to manipulate the LCD. The following table
explains the common roles of 4 buttons.
Button Description
MENU ü To toggle between Main Menu Display from Initial Display

ü To come back to Parent Menu from Child Menu
ü Be careful, because all the set value changes are canceled
when this button is pushed down during the change of set values
ENTER ü To select and enter into each menu item

ü To enter the changed set value and configuration
ü After entering the changed set value, this button again goes out from
each item to menu tree. (Toggle between menu tree and each menu item)
ü After changing the set values, be sure to save the changed values
in the Set Value Change Save Menu.
UP ü To move up the cursor in the menu tree

ü To increment the set values
ü The set values are rolled up and UP button at the highest value goes
to the lowest value
DOWN ü To move down the cursor in the menu tree

ü To decrement the set values
ü The set values are rolled down and DOWN button at the lowest value goes
to the highest value
23
4.2.1. LCD MENU
Figure 4-2 LCD Menu Tree Diagram of FTU-P200
24
4.2.1.1. INITIAL DISPLAY
[Initial Display] shows up the Currents and Voltages Measurement.
I a : 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 . 0 / 0 0 . 0
I b : 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 . 0 / 0 0 . 0
I c : 0 0 0 0 0 A 0 0 . 0 / 0 0 . 0
I n : 0 0 0 0 0 A < A B C . R S T >
Figure 4-3 Current / Voltage Measurement Display
Current (Ia,Ib,Ic,In) Each Phase Instantaneous Current Value (unit : A)

Source Side Voltage (Va,Vb,Vc) /
Voltage (ABC.RST)
Load Side Voltage (Vr,Vs,Vt), (unit : kV)
4.2.1.2. MAIN MENU DISPLAY
[ MA I N ME NU ]
1 . F u n c t i on S et t i ng
2 . C o n f i g ur a t i o n
3 . D i s p l a y
4 . E v e n t L i s t
Figure 4-4 Main Menu Display
[Main Menu Display] shows up 4 main menu items. And UP & DOWN buttons move up
and down the main menu trees. ‘>’ symbol indicates the cursor position and ENTER button
enters into the selected main menu’s sub items.
Main Menus Sub Items
Function Setting Group1, Group2, Group3, Group4, Group Setting, Group Copy
Configuration I/O, Communication, Event, Time
Display Measurements, Status, Counter
Event List I/O events, Function events, System events, Fault I events,
Demand I events, Demand P events, Demand Q events,
Max. I events, Max. P events, Max. Q events
4.2.1.3. FUNCTION SETTING
25
[ S et t i n g Me n u ]
1 . Gr o u p 1
2 . Gr o u p 2
3 . Gr o u p 3
4 . Gr o u p 4
5 . Gr o u p S e t t i ng
6 . Gr o u p Co py
Figure 4-5 Function Setting
In Function Setting, there are 4 different setting groups and the different setting values
can be stored individually in 4 different setting groups.
After finishing the set value change, when MENU button is pushed to return to [Main
Menu Display], [Set Value Change Save Display] shows up to determine Yes or No. If
selecting yes and pushing ENTER button, the changed set values are all saved. However, if
selecting No and ENTER button or MENU button again, the changed set values are not
saved and the existing set values are still applied.
ü CAUTION: Be careful not to push down MENU buttons repeatedly! Then, the newly
changed set values are neither saved nor applied.
S a v e Cha ng e d S e t ?
Ye s / No
Figure 4-6 Set Value Change Save Display
S e t t i ng S a v i ng !
Figure 4-7 ENTER to Yes
[ MA I N ME N U ]
> 1. F u n c t i o n S e t t i ng
2. Co n f i g ur a t i o n
3. Di s pl a y
Figure 4-8 ENTER to No
4.2.1.4. CONFIGURATION
26
[ C ON F I G ME N U ]
1 . I / O
2 . C o mmu n i c a t i o n
3 . Ev e nt
4 . T i me
Figure 4-9 Configuration
Configuration menu has the setting items for communication, I/O, and system
configuration. Setting items are I/O, Communication, Event and Time.
After finishing the set value change, when MENU button is pushed to return to [Main
Menu Display], [Set Value Change Save Display] shows up to determine Yes or No. If
selecting yes and pushing ENTER button, the changed set values are all saved. However, if
selecting No and ENTER button or MENU button again, the changed set values are not
saved and the existing set values are still applied.
ü CAUTION: Be careful not to push down MENU buttons repeatedly! Then, the newly
changed set values are neither saved nor applied.
4.2.1.5. DISPLAY
[ DI S P L A Y ME N U ]
1 . Me a s u r e m e n t s}
2. S t a t u s
3. Co u n t e r
Figure 4-10 Display
In Display menu, measurement values, monitored status, and counter values are
displayed.
27
4.2.1.6. EVENT LIST
[ E VE NT L I S T ]
1 . I / O E v e nt s
2 . Fu nc t i o n e v e n t s
3 . S y s t e m e v e n t s
4 . Fa ul t s e v e n t s
5 . De ma n d I e v e n t s
6 . De ma n d P e v e n t s
7 . De ma n d Q e v e n t s
8 . Ma x . I e v e n t s
9 . Ma x . P e v e n t s
10 . Ma x . Q e v e n t s
Figure 4-11 Event List
In Event List menu, all types of events are displayed with occurred time and event
description. Using UP & DOWN buttons, event list can be scrolled up and down in the LCD
display.
Event List Sub Items Max.
I/O Events Status change of binary Input/output 1023
Function Events Operated status of Protection Function 30000(P200)
1023(P200C)
System Events Setting change, Reset, Self Diagnosis 255
Fault I Events Latest fault current, phase and time 255
Demand I,P,Q Events Each phase daily average load current, 6143
active power and reactive power with time
Max. I,P,Q Events Each phase daily Peak load current, active 1023
5. PROTECTION FUNCTIONS
5.1. FAULT INDICATION
Distribution power system is normally radial network. A protection relay or recloser

controller detects a fault in the line and trips the circuit breaker (CB) or recloser. There are
some load break switches (LBS) between the circuit protection switches. If the fault section
28
is found, it can be isolated by LBS and the power supply of remained section can be restored.
FTU-P200 is the load break switch controller, which has the function of fault detection and
remote communication, and can be used for the rapid section isolation and restoration by
distribution automation system.
Phase Fault Earth Fault Step Unit
Range Def. Range Def.
Pickup Level 10~900 400 3~900 60 1 A
Detection Time 0.02~10.00 0.02 0.02~10.00 0.02 0.01 sec
Coldload Multiplier 1.0~5.0 2.0 1.0~5.0 2.0 0.1
Coldload Time 0~60 1 0~60 1 1 Min
2nd Harmonic Block NO/YES YES NO/YES YES
Fault Direction OFF/FWD/REV OFF OFF/FWD/REV OFF
Function In Use OFF/ON ON OFF/ON ON
The following picture [Figure 5-1] explains the fault detection and restoration sequence.
FTU indicates ‘fault’ when the line voltage is dropped below the voltage OFF-level of the
Open Line Detection function after the measured phase current or neutral current is higher
than the pickup set value and maintains longer than the corresponding detection time. FTU
discriminates the faulted phase (A, B, C or N).
See the picture [Figure 5-2] Distribution automation system (DAS) may get the fault
indication from the controller of L1~L5 switches and the recloser R through communication
channel. Then DAS decides the fault section and isolates it by sending switch open
command to the controllers of L3, L4 after recloser lockout. DAS may restore the supply of
power in un-faulted section by closing Recloser R, L5, loop tie break switch which is located
at backward side of L5 if it’s available.
29
i) A fault occurred between L3 and L4
CB L1 R L2 L3 L4 L5
ii) Recloser (R) tripped the line and L2, L3 indicate fault experience at the time
when the line is deenergized.
F F
CB L1 R L2 L3 L4 L5
iii) DAS decided the fault section and opened L3, L4, then closed R, L5.
L5 may be energized from the loop tie switch backward .
CB L1 R L2 L3 L4 L5
Figure 5-1 Fault detection and restoration sequence
In case of temporary fault, the line can be restored automatically by reclosing. The fault
indication can be reset by push button on the front panel of FTU-P200 or by remote reset
command. Also it can be reset automatically when the line is energized depending on the
setting.
CB/Rec On Off
Auto Reset Manual Reset by Button or Command

FI
Figure 5-2 Fault Indication
State change of fault indication is saved as an event on history buffer. And fault currents
also are saved on separate buffer with time tag. Fault waveforms are captured on memory
up to 8. Waveform data consists of currents and voltages samples, which are 20 cycles, 128
samples per cycle length. Waveform can be shown graphically on ‘Waveform Evaluation
Tool’. Also a remote station can get this waveform file by using file transfer function of
DNP3.0 protocol. The waveform file is volatile. The file shall be downloaded or saved on PC
if need before the battery is over-discharged.
30
5.2. NEGATIVE PHASE SEQUENCE (NPS) DETECTION
Negative Phase Sequence detection is an additional over current element and allows more
reliable detection of certain types of faults.
Range Def. Step Unit Comment
I2 Pickup Level 10~900 400 1 A
Detection Time 0.00~1.00 0.10 0.01 sec
2nd Harmonic Block NO/YES YES
Function In Use OFF/ON OFF
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5.3. SENSITIVE EARTH FAULT (SEF) DETECTION
On the non-grounded network, it is hard to detect fault current because ground current of
non-grounded network is so small. Therefore, FTU-P200 is designed to measure zero-
sequence values from either external core Balanced Current Transformer (or ZCT) or
Residual Connection of 3 Phase Current Transformers to detect earth fault in the non-
grounded network. This function is generally called SEF detection.
In case of earth fault in the non-grounded network, since very small fault current due to
line capacitance component flows into the fault point from both sides, SEF detection also
considers the fault direction even in the radial network. Maximum Torque Angle is for
setting the phase difference between zero-sequence voltage and zero-sequence current, and
the protection zone is between -90° and +90° on the basis of Maximum Torque Angle. And
it can be used for alarm.
Figure 5-3 Phase Diagram of SEF
Pickup Current(3I0) 0.1~20.0 5.0 0.1 A
Pickup Voltage(-3V0) 10~80 30 1 % 0: Current Element

ONly
Max. Torque Angle 0~345 90 15 Degree
2nd Harmonic Block NO/YES YES
32
The following picture describes fault current flows and phasor diagram in faulted section
and un-faulted section of ungrounded distribution lines. The zero sequence current
direction in faulted section is opposite to the current in un-faulted section. So the direction
of zero sequence current compared to zero sequence voltage can be used to discriminate
fault direction. Like the following diagram, the maximum torque angle 90o is normally used
for detection of earth fault in ungrounded network.
Figure 5-4 Diagram for earth fault in ungrounded network
In ungrounded system, core balance CT shall be used to measure small earth fault current.
This function may be overriden or duplicate by earth fault detection function with
directional element enabled in grounded network.
33
5.4. DIRECTION DETECTION
Direction detection is to restrict fault indication only on faults to a designated side of the
LBS. By using this function, the fault indication can respond only to fault currents from
main source, not from dispersed sources in consumer area of the distribution line. As a
result, the faulted section in the line can be discriminated precisely.
Positive sequence voltage and current are used to detect the direction of phase fault. And
zero sequence voltage and current are used to detect the direction of ground fault. The
following picture describes the angular relationship between sequence voltage and current.
The final decision of direction is from the combination of two elements. Thresholds are used
to avoid to get wrong direction due to small sequence values.
Figure 5-5 Angular relationship between sequence voltage and current
Phase fault
3V1 Threshold 0~100 20 1 %
3I1 Threshold 0~100 20 1 %
3I1 Max. Torque Angle 0~355 300 5 Degree
Earth fault
-3V0 Threshold 0~100 20 1 %
3I0 Threshold 0~100 20 1 %
3I0 Max. Torque Angle 0~355 330 5 Degree
34
The following picture shows the phasor diagram of 3 phase voltages and currents of
single-phase earth fault situation in grounded network. In the example, the zero sequence
current (3Io) is produced dominantly by A-phase fault current. It shows the maximum
torque angle 330o is proper to decide the fault direction.
Positive sequence voltage (V1) and current (I1) are used for phase-to-phase fault with
same principle as -3Vo and 3Io.
Figure 5-6 Phasor diagram for single-phase earth fault in grounded system
5.5. 2 N D HARMONIC DETECTION
Inrush situation is determined by monitoring 2nd harmonic components in the current.

When transformers in the line are energized, magnetizing causes inrush current. The
current involves large 2nd harmonic current relatively. So to distinguish inrush situation
from fault while the current flows larger than the pickup value, the percentage of 2nd
harmonics current to fundamental frequency current can be used. This function can be used
to restraint fault indication of FTU when backup protection equipment trips the line
unnecessarily during inrush condition.
2nd Harmonic Level 5~50 20 1 %
35
Function In Use OFF/ON ON
5.6. OPEN LINE DETECTION (LOSS OF PHASE)
Open Line is detected by Under Voltage characteristics at unbalanced condition.
When the voltage on one or two phases drops below the ‘Volt OFF Level’ setting, the
‘Delay Time’ starts running. If the voltage on those phases stays below ‘Volt OFF Level’
setting until the ‘Delay Time’ timer expires, the Loss of Phase will be detected.
If the voltage on detected phase rises to the ‘Volt ON Level’ setting, the Loss of Phase is
released immediately.
Volt ON Level 50~90 80 5 %
Volt OFF Level 35~75 50 5 %
Delay Time 0.1~30.0 0.4 0.1 sec
36
5.7. PHASE SYNC. CHECK
FTU-P200 monitors the phase angle difference between source and load side voltages of
LBS. If the angle difference is larger than the setting and maintains longer than the set time,
then alarm is generated. The alarm is useful to close LBS safely which is installed at the tie
point of two feeders from the separated substation. The result of phase synchronization
check can be used for interlocking close operation by setting. (Please refer to “Close
interlock” in the configurations.)
Phase Difference 5~60 30 1 Degree
Delay Time 0.1~30.0 0.1 0.1 sec
5.8. UNDER VOLTAGE DETECTION
Figure 5-7 Functional Diagram for Under Voltage Detection
Pickup Level 0.30~0.95 0.80 0.01 PU
Delay Time 0.1~180.0 1.0 0.1 sec
37
5.9. OVER VOLTAGE DETECTION
Figure 5-8 Functional Diagram for Over Voltage Detection
Pickup Level 1.05~1.50 1.20 0.01 PU
Delay Time 0.1~180.0 1.0 0.1 sec
5.10. UNDER FREQUENCY DETECTION
Pickup 47.00~59.98 49.80 0.01 Hz
Delay Time 0.03~10.00 0.10 0.01 sec
5.11. OVER FREQUENCY DETECTION
Pickup 50.02~63.00 60.20 0.01 Hz
Delay Time 0.03~10.00 0.10 0.01 sec
38
5.12. AUTO SECTIONALIZING
It’s the function to open LBS and disconnect the faulty section from the distribution
feeder automatically before the recloser or reclosing relay of CB lockouts. The condition to
open automatically is the fault count. FTU detects and counts the fault and opens LBS if the
count reaches the setting value. The default count setting is two. It means that FTU allows
the 1st reclosing success of the upstream recloser or reclosing relay of CB without
sectionalizing in case of temporary fault.
Figure 5-9 Typical time sequence of sectionalizing (Fault Count Setting = 2)
Fault Count 1~3 2 1
Reset Time 20~240 30 1 sec
OT Closing OFF/ON OFF
OT Source Side BOTH/ABC/RST BOTH
OT Closing Time 30~600 180 1 sec
39
5.13. ANALOG ALARM
The FTU has five configurable alarm analogue types: phase current, ground current,
negative phase sequence current, and phase voltage and system power. Each analogue type
has a configurable high alarm value as well as a configurable low alarm value.
If an analogue value passes the alarm threshold the binary alarm will become active. If,
after a HI Alarm, all analogues of the same type are below the high alarm reset threshold
then the HI binary alarm will be turned off. If, after LOW Alarm, analogues of the same type
are above the low alarm reset threshold and all other, then the LOW binary alarm will be
turned off.
Alarming can be ON or OFF via configuration of the FTU.
Analog High Alarm
Phase Current 1~16000 16000 1 A A/B/C phase current
Ground Current 1~16000 16000 1 A
NPS Current 1~16000 16000 1 A
Phase Voltage 1~38000 38000 1 V A/B/C phase voltage
System Power 1~54000 54000 1 K KVA, KVAR and KW
Analog Low Alarm
Phase Current 0~15999 0 1 A A/B/C phase current
Ground Current 0~15999 0 1 A
NPS Current 0~15999 0 1 A
Phase Voltage 0~37999 0 1 V A/B/C phase voltage
System Power 0~53999 0 1 K KVA, KVAR and KW
40
5.14. MULTIPLE SETTING GROUPS
The FTU-P200 supports up to 4 Setting Groups, each of which can be configured with
completely separate characteristics with different setting parameters. One of setting groups
can be assigned to be used as parameters of functions for forward or reverse power flow
condition respectively.
And FTU-P200 supports Automatic Setting Group Selection which is used to change the
setting group depending on the direction of power flow automatically.
Range Def. Step Unit
Default Group 1~4 1 1
ADGS(Automatic Default Group Selection) Function OFF/ON OFF
Reverse Group 1~4 1 1
41
6. CONFIGURATION SETTING
6.1. I/O CONFIGURATION
6.1.1. AC RATING
Line Configuration Y-G/DELTA Y-G
System Frequency 50/60 50 10 Hz
Rated Voltage (L-L) 1000~40000 22000 10 V Phase to Phase
Reference Voltage (L-N) 1000~30000 12700 10 V Phase to Earth
Reference Phase A/B/C A
CT Ratio 1~5000 1000 1
CT Direction FWD/REV FWD
NCT Ratio 1.0~5000.0 1000.0 0.1
NCT Direction FWD/REV FWD
Phase Rotation A-B-C/A-C-B A-B-C
VT Type INT_6CVT/ INT_6CVT

EXT_3PT/EXT_4PT
VT Secondary Voltage NOT USED/ NOT

110V/SQRT(3)/ USED
115V/SQRT(3)/
120V/SQRT(3)
“Line Configuration” shall be set according to the power system grounding. The
parameter will affect the calculation of 3-phase total harmonic distortion.
“System Frequency” shall be set correctly. If it is set wrongly, the measurement can’t be
performed properly.
“Rated Voltage” is the rated line-to-line voltage of power system. This parameter is the
reference for voltage monitoring such as undervoltage protection, sag, swell, etc.
“Reference Voltage” is the primary voltage of voltage sensor at predefined secondary

voltage. This parameter is used internally as reference value for voltage measurements.
Always voltage sensors shall be configured with line-to-ground for appropriate
measurements.
42
“Reference Phase” : This parameter makes change of phase denotation of 3-phase
voltages and currents input terminal of FTU. For example, if the parameter is set with “B”, B
terminal of voltage and current inputs is for A-phase measurement. C is for B-phase. A is for
C.
“CT direction”/”NCT direction : Using this parameter, the polarity of current transformer
can be compensated.
“Phase Rotation” shall be set with “A-C-B” when the transposed line is connected to
recloser. It’s important because it affects the sequence component calculation of 3 phase
voltages and currents.
6.1.2. WAVEFORM TRIGGER
Sample Record Frequency 16/32/64/128 128
Pre-1st Cycle 1~5 2 1 Cycle
Post-2nd Cycle 1~5 2 1 Cycle
Pre-2nd Trigger Cycle 1~10 10 1 Cycle
6.1.3. DEMAND SETTING
The FTU calculates and stores average of currents and active, reactive powers during the
demand interval, which is configurable as 15, 30 or 60 minutes. The buffer has 1023
demands. Also FTU stores daily peak demand up to 1023.
Block Interval 15/30/60 15
Rolling Interval 1/5/15/30/60 15
6.1.4. ENERGY PROFILE
Profile Type MONTHLY/WEEKLY MONTHLY
43
Demand Reset Day MON~SUN MON
Demand Reset Date 1~28 1 1 Date
6.1.5. FI RESET METHOD
FI Reset Select MANUAL/AUTO MANUAL
FI Time Out 0~12 0 1 Hour
6.1.6. CLOSE INTERLOCK
The following close interlock condition blocks the switch to be closed manually or
automatically if it’s selected as “Yes”.
Live Load NO/YES YES
Sync. Fail NO/YES YES
6.1.7. VOLTAGE DISPLAY
The controller supports two voltage display of LCD.
Voltage Display L-N/L-L L-N L-N : Phase to Earth
L-L : Phase to Phase
44
6.1.8. AUTOMATIC BATTERY CHECK
Checking Cycle 1~30 0 1 Day
Checking Time (Hour) 0~23 0 1 Hour
Checking Time (Min) 0~59 0 1 Min
45
6.2. POWER QUALITY MONITORING FUNCTION
6.2.1. VOLTAGE & CURRENT UNBALANCE
Voltage or current unbalance (or imbalance) is detected by monitoring the negative

sequence value relative to the positive sequence value of 3-phase voltages and currents.
Voltage Unbalance
Detection Level 0~100 30 1 %
Current Unbalance
Detection Level 0~100 30 1 %
6.2.2. SHORT-DURATION VOLTAGE VARIATION
There are three types of short-duration voltage variations, namely, instantaneous,

momentary and temporary, depending on its duration. Short-duration voltage variations
are caused by fault conditions, energization of large loads, which require high starting
currents or loose connections in power wiring. Depending on the fault location and the
system conditions, the fault can generate sags, swells or interruptions. The fault condition
can be close to or remote from the point of interest. During the actual fault condition, the
effect of the voltage is of short-duration variation until protective devices operate to clear
the fault.
6.2.2.1. SAG
A sag (also known as dip) is a reduction to between 0.5 and 0.99 pu in RMS voltage or
current at the power frequency for a short period of time from 0.5 to 10 cycles. A 10% sag is
considered an event during which the RMS voltage decreased by 10% to 0.9 pu. Voltage sags
are widely recognized as among the most common and important aspects of power quality
problems affecting industrial and commercial customers. They are particularly troublesome.
Since they occur randomly and are difficult to predict.
Voltage sags are normally associated with system faults on the distribution system,
sudden increase in system loads, lightning strikes or starting of large load like induction
motors. It is not possible to eliminate faults on a system. One of the most common causes of
faults occurring on high-voltage transmission systems is a lightning strike. When there is a
fault caused by a lightning strike, the voltage can sag to 50% of the standard range and can
last from four to seven cycles. Most loads will be tripped off when encounter this type of
46
voltage level. Possible effect of voltage sags would be system shutdown or reduce efficiency
and life span of electrical equipment, particularly motors.
Equipment sensitivity to voltage sag occurs randomly and has become the most serious
power quality problem affecting many industries and commercial customers presently. An
industrial monitoring program determined an 87% voltage disturbances could be associate
to voltage sags. Most of the fault on the utility transmission and distribution system are
single line-to-ground faults (SLGF).
Detection Level 0.50~0.99 0.90 0.01 PU
Detection Time 0.5~10.0 2.0 0.5 Cycle
6.2.2.2. SWELL
A swell (also known as momentary overvoltage) is an increase in RMS voltage or current

at the power frequency to between 1.01 and 1.5 Pu for duration from 0.5 to 10 cycles. Swells
are commonly caused by system conditions, switching off a large load or energizing a large
capacitor bank. A swell can occur during a single line-to-ground fault (SLGF) with a
temporary voltage rise on the unfaulted phases. They are not as common as voltage sags
and are characterized also by both the magnitude and duration. During a fault condition,
the severity of a voltage swell is very much dependent on the system impedance, location of
the fault and grounding. The effect of this type of disturbance would be hardware failure in
the equipment due to overheating.
47
6.2.2.3. INTERRUPTION
An interruption occurs when there is a reduction of the supply voltage or load current to
between 0.1 and 0.49 pu for duration from 0.5 to 10 cycles. Possible causes would be circuit
breakers responding to overload, lightning and faults. Interruptions are the result of
equipment failures, power system faults and control malfunctions. They are characterized
by their duration as the voltage magnitude is always less than 10% of the nominal. The
duration of an interruption can be irregular when due to equipment malfunctions or loose
connections. The duration of an interruption due to a fault on the utility system is
determined by the utility protective devices operating time.
6.2.3. VOLTAGE & CURRENT THD ALARM
The Total Harmonic Distortion, or THD, of a signal is a measurement of the harmonic

distortion present and is defined as the ratio of the sum of the powers of all harmonic
components to the power of the fundamental frequency.
Voltage
Alarm Level 0.5~100.0 0.0 0.1 %
Current
Alarm Level 0.5~100.0 0.0 0.1 %
48
6.3. COMMUNICATION
6.3.1. PORT PARAMETERS
6.3.1.1. SCADA PORT
Serial Port Speed 1200/2400/4800/9600/19200 9600
Slave Address 1~65534 1 1
Protocol DNP or DNPTCP DNP or

DNPTCP
/IEC101/IEC104
Select Port RS232C/RS485 RS232C
6.3.1.2. MODEM CONTROL
Line HALF-DUFLEX FULL-DUFLEX
/ FULL-DUFLEX
RTS Off Delay 10~500 50 5 ms
CTS Timeout 1~255 2 1 sec
DCD Timeout 0.1~30.0 5.0 0.1 sec
CTS Usage IGNORE/USAGE IGNORE
6.3.1.3. TCP/IP
IP Address 0.0.0.0
Subnet Mask 255.255.255.0
Gateway 0.0.0.0
49
6.3.1.4. PSTN CONFIGURATION
The PSTN function is applicable only to DNP3.0.
PSTN MODEM NOT USED/PPP/ NOT USED

DIAL-UP/SMS
Phone Number #1~#10 20 Digit
Auto Hang-up Time 0~255 30 1 sec
Dial Timeout 10~255 90 1 sec
Attempt Delay 10~3600 60 10 sec
Max Attempts 1~5 3 1
6.3.1.5. TIME ZONE
UTC Time (Hour) -12~13 5 1 Hour
UTC Time (Min) 0~59 30 1 Min
6.3.1.6. UTC OPTION
Mode LOCAL/UTC LOCAL
6.3.1.7. SNTP OPTION
Mode DISABLE/ENABLE DISABLE
Cyclic Period 1~24 1 1 Hour
50
6.3.1.8. PPP CONFIGURATION
APN(Access Point Name) 40 Digit
User Name 40 Digit
Password 40 Digit
Fixed Our IP Address 0.0.0.0
Fixed Their IP Address 0.0.0.0
Fixed DNS-1 IP Address 0.0.0.0
Fixed DNP=2 IP Address 0.0.0.0
6.3.1.9. SMS MESSAGE CONFIGURATION
Switch Name 20 Digit
FI DISABLE/ENABLE DISABLE
Open/Close DISABLE/ENABLE DISABLE
Door Open DISABLE/ENABLE DISABLE
AC Fail DISABLE/ENABLE DISABLE
51
6.3.2. DNP3.0 PARAMETERS
D/L Retries 0~2 0 1
D/L Timeout 1~255 30 1 sec
D/L Confirm NO/YES/SOMETIMES SOMETIMES
A/L Retries 0~2 1 1
A/L Timeout 1~255 40 1 sec
Initial Unsolicited MSG NO/YES NO
Unsolicited Class 1 Delay Time 0~60 5 1 sec
Arm Timeout 1~255 15 1 sec
Unsolicited Address 0~65534 65534 1
Multi Frame Interval 10~500 100 10 ms
Unsolicited Class 1 DISABLE/ENABLE DISABLE
Analog Event Mode SOE/MOST RECENT SOE
52
6.3.3. IEC PARAMETERS
Cyclic Period 0~60 0 1 sec
Arm Timeout 1~255 15 1 sec
Single Point Class CLASS1/CLASS2 CLASS1
Double Point Class CLASS1/CLASS2 CLASS1
Measured Point Class CLASS1/CLASS2 CLASS2
IEC101 PARAMETERS
Link Address Size 0~2 2 1
Common Address Size 1~2 2 1
Object Address Size 1~3 2 1
COT Address Size 1~2 1 1
Time Marker NONE/CP24/CP56 CP56
Single NACK Control NO/YES YES
IEC104 PARAMETERS
t0 Off Line Poll Period 1~255 30 1 sec
t1 Ack Period 1~255 15 1 sec
t2 SFrame Period 1~255 10 1 sec
t3 Test Period 1~255 20 1 sec
53
7. STATUS MONITORING & CONTROL
7.1. SWITCH STATUS MONITORING
FTU has 10 binary inputs. These inputs can be assigned to monitor switch open/close, gas
and lock status of switch body through auxiliary contacts. FTU scans these contacts input
every 5 milliseconds. Switch open/close status is determined by double binary inputs,
normally open and closed contacts. All input status are shown on LCD or FTUMan and are
transmitted to master station on its request. Changed status can be transmitted
unsolicitedly with or without time and are recorded on non-volatile memory as events with
time tag in history buffer orderly. For each contact input, on-delay time can be applied. It’s
adjustable within 10~500ms by 5ms step. The time is used to debounce the contact input
and suppress unnecessary events. And each input can be used to affect control action, block
open or close control, or force to open or close main switch.The following picture is an
example window of I/O configuration tool. Here the name for each input can be configured.
Configured name is shown also on LCD display. Invert mask can be used to invert the active
state of the corresponding input.
Figure 7-1 Binary Input configuration
54
7.2. SWITCH CONTROL
FTU has 4 binary contacts output and 2 high-speed output command. These output are
used to control Switch or output alarms.
Switch can be controlled from remote or local operator place. Operator place can be
changed only at local front panel. ‘REMOTE CONTROL’ push button is to select the
operator place. Operator place is toggled between local and remote by pushing button. LED
is lit if remote position is selected. FTU begins with remote position at power-up. Control is
allowed only at the position selected.
Local switch control requires two-step operation. It’s for security of operation. ‘SELECT’
button should be pushed before ‘CLOSE’ or ‘OPEN’. SELECT LED is lit if SELECT operation
is valid. SELECT can be canceled by pushing SELECT button again or automatically after
SBO timeout without operation. CLOSE or OPEN operation is valid while this LED is lit.
Pushing CLOSE or OPEN button outputs switch control signal with fixed time pulse which
is configurable. Switch status change input which is auxiliary contacts of switch stops
continuing to output pulse. There are some interlock conditions to inhibit FTU from
outputting pulse signal.
Gas low, Switch handle lock, same status of switch auxiliary contacts ‘a’, ‘b’ are those. And
there is “control lock” button. Control lock mode inhibits switch operation and reclosing
after tripping a fault. So it’s useful as “Work tag” when the maintenance work is being done.
The status is toggled when the button is pushed.
Close or open pulse width shall be set longer than switch operating time.
Remote switch control is possible by using SCADA protocol DNP3.0 or IEC60870-5-101,

IEC60870-5-104 FTU supports SBO (Select Before Operate) or Direct operate. If the
operator place is set to ‘Local’, remote control commands are refused. Pulse width of remote
control command shorter than setting will be overridden by local configuration
55
7.3. BATTERY & BATTERY CHARGER MONITORING
FTU monitors external Lead-acid battery through the control unit, which are mounted on
inner back-side wall of control box. The control unit contains microprocessor based battery
charger. It measures battery terminal voltage and charging voltage. So it can check charger
over-voltage and battery fail or battery low status while external AC supply is off. So it
provides battery voltage values and alarm status which is the result of continuous check.
Provided information details are like the followings.
- External AC power loss
- Battery low
- High battery voltage alarm
- Battery failed alarm
- Battery charger overvoltage alarm
- Grounded battery (optional if required)
The conrol unit has also the over-discharge protection. If over-discharge condition
occurred, the control unit sends alarm signal “Battery Low” to RTU and disconnect battery
in order to protect battery cell damage after 1-minute delay. The delay enables RTU to send
alarm state to remote station via communication.
Battery test function is provided. This function is performed by disconnecting charging

voltage to battery and connecting dummy load to battery. The test control command can be
issued at local or remote. And also automatic test is available through setting.
56
8. MEASUREMENTS
8.1. BASIC ELECTRIC QUANTITIES
FTU-P200 has 4 currents and 6 voltages input. DSP digitizes these signals using 16 bits
A/D converter and calculates various electric quantities numerically from those digitized
data. As a result, FTU gives true RMS, all power and energy values for 3-phase voltages and
currents. FTU presents also phasor quantities calculated through fundamenatal power
frequency components extracted by FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) algorithm. FFT is
performed every millisecond using 128 samples for 1 cycle. True RMS is calculated every
cycle. All electrical quantities are provided with the average value for 200ms (10cycle for
50Hz, 12cycle for 60Hz). Analog filters and digital filters are used to minimize the effects of
high frequency noise in the input signals. And the calibration is performed in the factory
before delivery using precise current and voltage signal generator. The calibration
compensates the measurements error caused by the components in the circuit of input.
Provided electric quantities are listed in the following.
Currents (Ia, Ib, Ic, In) RMS, Phase Angle, True RMS
Voltage (Va, Vb, Vc, Vr, Vs, Vt) RMS, Phase Angle, True RMS
Apparent Power A-Phase, B-Phase, C-Phase, 3-Phase Total,
Active Power A-Phase, B-Phase, C-Phase, 3-Phase Total,
Reactive Power A-Phase, B-Phase, C-Phase, 3-Phase Total,
Power Factor A-Phase, B-Phase, C-Phase, 3-Phase Total,
Va-Vr Phase Angle Difference
Current, Voltage Unbalance
Frequency, Temperature
In the above items listed, active power, reactive power values are signed integer. Sign
represents power flow or if loads are inductive or capacitive. Also power factor has lead/lag
state value separately.
Currents and voltages have phase angles, which are relative phase angles compared to the
reference Va. These angles are useful to monitor the phase sequence and imbalance of
distribution line.
57
8.2. SEQUENCE COMPONENTS
FTU provides the sequence components of 3-phase currents and voltages. They are
positive sequence current (I1) and voltage (V1), negative sequence current (I2) and voltage
(V2), and zero sequence voltage (V0) which are calculated by 3-phase phasor quantities. This
information can be used to monitor imbalance of distribution line.
8.3. HARMONICS
FTU provides 2nd to 31st harmonic magnitudes and THDs (Total Harmonic Distortion)
for each phase. THD is the total harmonic percentage to the fundamental frequency
component. FTU also calculates and provides 3-phase THD. These values may be used to
monitor the power quality of distribution line.
8.4. ENERGY
FTU provides active energy, reactive energy for each phase or 3-phase total. Also import,
export energy are accumulated on separate registers. Units of energy are kWh, kVarh, which
represent primary distribution line energy flow. The values are accumulated on 32-bit and
16-bit kWh, kVarh counters which rollovers. The 32-bit register is for local display and the
16-bit register is to transmit energy data to SCADA like the following picture.
Figure 8-1 Structure of energy counter
Normally in order to accumulate energy values, SCADA system reads 16-bit energy
counter in FTU periodically and calculates increments between two readings and adds the
increments to energy register in SCADA. DNP3.0 or IEC protocol supports the function of
counter objects to accumulate energy value easily. For example “freeze and clear” function
is useful to accumulate energy pulse increments.
58
Reactive energy is also accumulated on separate registers according to the quadrant of
power like the following figure 8-2. So 24 energy counters are provided as in the figure 8-3.
Figure 8-2 Four-quadrant power flow directions
59
Figure 8-3 Energy counters
8.5. DEMAND CURRENTS AND POWER
FTU supports block demand and rolling demand. If block and rolling interval are same,
FTU calculates demand values based on block interval. It is block demand mode. For rolling
demand, rolling interval will be subinterval within block interval. So FTU calculates
demand values based on N rolling intervals every rolling interval. Here N is the value
corresponding to block interval devided by rolling interval. Types of demand values are
phase currents and active, reactive powers.
- Block interval 15/30/60 minutes
- Rolling interval 1/5/15/30/60 minutes
For example, suppose that block interval is 15min. and rolling interval is 5min. In this
case, rolling demand values are calculated every 5min based on the data during most
recent 15min.
60
Figure 8-4 block demand and rolling demand
The demand values are recorded up to 6143 intervals. The length corresponds to 63 days
based on 15 min. demand. Also peak demand values are recorded daily up to 1023 days. And
weekly or monthly data are recorded through automatic demand reset according to settings
up to 63 amounts. Manual reset also is available. Weekly/monthly data contains the
following information. All energy and power data are saved with each phase and 3-phase
total data.
Reset time (date & time)
Import(Forward) Active Energy Export(Reverse) Active Energy kWh
Import Inductive energy Export Inductive energy kVarh
Import Capacitive energy Import Capacitive energy kVarh
Peak current with time stamp (Ia,Ib,Ic,In)
Peak positive Active power Peak negative Active power kW

with time tamp with time tamp
Peak positive positive Inductive Peak negative Inductive energy kVar

energy with time stamp with time stamp
Peak positive positive Capacitive Peak negative Capacitive energy kVar

energy with time stamp with time stamp
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9. MAINTENANCE SOFTWARE
9.1. OVERVIEW
FTU has a dedicated setting and operation tool, FTUMan. This tool is operated on PC or
Notebook, and through RS232C port on front panel of FTU. For this communication,
MODBUS protocol is used.
It supports the following features.
ü Setting & Configuration changes
ü Event & Waveform load
ü Measurement & Status display
ü Waveform File upload and convert
ü SCADA monitors protocol data frame between devices
Figure 9-1 Overview of FTUMan
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9.2. OPERATION OF FTUMAN
9.2.1. MENU
9.2.1.1. FILE
New Closes the current file and allows the creation of a new file
Open Closes the current file and opens a standard window file selection dialog.
An existing FTU File (*.f2s) can be selected and opened.
Save Saves the current file to the hard drive. If the file is new and this is the first
time it has been saved, the Save As dialog will be opened allowing the user
to type in a name before saving.
Save As Opens a standard Windows Save As dialog box. This allows an existing file
to be saved under a new name.
Exit Closes the current file and exits the tool.
9.2.1.2. COMM
Comm.Config Opens a window for communication configuration dialog.
Comm.Connection Starts communication with FTU
Comm.Disconnection Stops connecting with FTU
Figure 9-2 Comm. Configuration Window
ü Port Select a serial Port of Laptop

ü Baud Rate Make to the transmission medium per second of in a digitally signal
ü Retry Set up the count if it failed to connect
ü Timeout Set up the time to connect
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9.2.1.3. OPTION
ü Select Model
The
he FTUMan is used for FTU FTU-X200 Series.
Default device model is FTU
FTU-R200. If changed
for setting another model,, select device type.
And
nd check current device model, see the
status bar.
Figure 9-3 Select Device

Window
ü Change Password The FTUMan has password for changed setting and
command control, and it can modified
! Default password is ‘ftuman’.
Maximum length of password: 10 Characters

Characters.
When lost password, input ‘ftuman’ and can re-set

the password.
9.2.1.4. COMMAND
ü Setting Group Copy
The
he Function Group can be copied. Select Source and destination group, then
press OK to be copied. It does not mean write to FTU.
Fig
gure 9-4 Setting Group Copy Window
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ü Clock Setting Set RTC Time of FTU
Figure 9-5 Clock Setting Window
Device Time Gets the current time per 1 second from FTU.
Setting Time The operator can set aside time.
Use System Time The operator can use PC’s time.
Write Write RTC time to FTU
Close Close this window
ü Factory Reset to factory defaults.

Initialization Warning: Restoring FTU to factory defaults will erase all
previous setting, configuration and event.
Figure 9-6 Factory Initialization Message Window
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9.2.1.5. TOOLS
Protocol Monitoring Protocol monitoring command activation or deactivation.
DNP3.0 Run the DNPConfig program for DNP index configuration.

Index Configuration The DNPConfig is explained in the Section 11.
IEC 60870 Run the IECConfig program for DNP index configuration.
Index Configuration The IECConfig is explained in the Section 13.
Waveform Run the EvalTool program for analysis waveform data.

Evaluation Tool The EvalTool is explained in the Section 12.
9.2.1.6. VIEW
Toolbar Show or hide the toolbar.
Status Bar Show or hide the status bar.
Monitoring Bar Show or hide the monitoring bar. The monitoring bar shows
communication status with FTU.
Curve Bar Show or hide the TC Curve bar for FTU-R200.

Only is used to FTU-R200.
9.2.1.7. HELP
The Help Menu opens a window for FTUMan’s program version and information.
9.2.2. TOOLBAR
Figure 9-7 Toolbar of FTUMan
Read Read data from FTU.
Write Write data to FTU.
About Opens a window for FTUMan’s program version and

information.
66
9.2.3. STATUSBAR
Figure 9-8 Status Bar
MODEL Model Name
F/W Firmware Version
PORT Serial Port Number and Speed
MODE Communication Status
9.2.4. MONITORING BAR
Figure 9-9 Monitoring Bar
Some performance is finished
Reads data from FTU
Writes the setting value on FTU
When Factory Initialization occurs.
Error of connection or operation
Connect or Disconnect between PC and FTU
When the time set is completed
67
9.2.5. FUNCTION AND CONFIGURATION SETTING
In Function and Configuration window, existing setting values of FTU can be viewed
through ‘Read’ button, or setting values are edited and downloaded to FTU by clicking
‘Write’ button to apply new setting values to FTU.
In some cases, operators require to save and reuse these edited setting values. To satisfy
this request, FTUMan tool has ‘New’, ‘Open’ and ‘Save’ menu items in File Menu. The file
extension name is ‘f2s’.
If you set up the ADGS (Auto Detection Group Setting) Function ‘ON’, you can check the
current direction ‘Forward’ or ‘Reverse’.
Function has 5 contents, 4 setting groups and

active group setting. Each group has protection
setting value for FTU.
Configuration has 3 contents for I/O, PQM and
communication. Communication separated 3
contents, for Port, DNP3.0 and IEC protocol
parameter to communication for SCADA.
In tree view, if you choose some content, icon will
be replaced with a red icon from a blue icon. And
show setting parameters related content.
Figure 9-10 Tree View

for Function and Configuration
How to edit the setting value? Click the content in tree view and editing value using
double-click or Enter-Key. If you changed value, the text color is changed in red.
Figure 9-11 before the Change
68
Figure 9-12 after the Change
And, in event window has a following pop-up menu. In the Tree View, select
‘FUNCTION’ or ‘CONFIGURATION’ or all sub contents, and press the right-click pop-
up menu is available.
If you click ‘Read’ Button, the setting

parameters related selected contents in the
tree view reads from FTU.
Also, if you click ‘Write’ Button, the
setting parameters related selected contents
in the tree view writes to FTU-P200.
Figure 9-13 Pop-up Menu for Event Window
Figure 9-14 Input Password Dialog
When the Factory Initialization or all of information are changed, Input Password
Window will be appeared.
Note: Default Password is ‘ftuman’.
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9.2.6. EVENT
In Event window, operators can list up all the event records, which are stored in the
memory of FTU by clicking ‘Read’ button. Also 9 kinds of events are stored. Each event type
of event can be separately uploaded from FTU. Time Resolution for event recording is 5
msec and scanning interval is 1 msec.
And, in event window has a following pop-up menu. In the tree view, select ‘EVENT’ and
press the right-click pop-up menu is available.
Figure 9-15 Pop-up Menu for Event Window
Read Reads the selected events in the tree view.
Clear All Events Delete all event stored.
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9.2.6.1. I/O EVENT
Figure 9-16 I/O Event Window
Index Event sequence number, the recent events that occurred is displayed
on top.
Date & Time Event occurred time.
Description Information of generated binary event.
Status Occurred contact points and binary status, OFF/ON/AUTO
71
9.2.6.2. FUNCTION EVENT
Figure 9-17 Function Event Window
on top.
Description Operation of protection functions.
Status Occurred function event status, OFF/ON.
72
9.2.6.3. SYSTEM EVENT
Figure 9-18 System Event Window
on top.
Description Information of generated event like set value changed, triggered by

power reset and system error or self-diagnosis.
Status Occurred event position and detailed description of system error or

self-diagnosis.
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9.2.6.4. FAULT EVENT
Figure 9-19 Fault Event Window
on top.
OC Detecting over-current.
SEF Detecting Sensitive Earth Fault.
NOC Detection Negative Phase Current Sequence.
UV Detecting Under Voltage.
OV Detecting Over Voltage.
DIR Fault current direction.
Inrush Detecting inrush restraint.
Ia, Ib, Ic, In, V0 Fault current and zero-sequence voltage
Group Current setting group
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9.2.6.5. PQM EVENT
Figure 9-20 PQM Event Window
on top.
Description The occurrence history of power quality function change.
Value RMS value of voltage when moment voltage change occurs.

Unit: kV
Duration Duration time of moment voltage change by msec.

Unit: msec
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9.2.6.6. DEMAND CURRENT EVENT
Demand Current Event displays daily average demand current in the list and waveform.
When the ‘show graph’ check box is unchecked, Demand current are listed as in the window.
Figure 9-21 Demand Current Event Window
on top.
Ia, Ib, Ic, In Demand current of each phase and neutral.
76
9.2.6.7. DEMAND POWER EVENT
Demand Power Event displays daily average demand active and reactive power in the list
and waveform. When the ‘show graph’ check box is unchecked, Demand power are listed as
in the window.
Figure 9-22 Demand Power Event Window
Index Event sequence number, the recent events that occurred is

displayed on top.
kWa, kWb, kWc, kW3ph 3-phase total and each phase kW.
kVARa, kVARb, 3-phase total and each phase kVAR.

kVARc, kVAR3ph
9.2.6.8. DAILY MAXIMUM CURRENT EVENT
Details are similar to section 9.2.6.6. Demand Current Event.
9.2.6.9. DAILY MAXIMUM POWER EVENT
Details are similar to section 9.2.6.7. Demand Power Event.
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9.2.7. MEASUREMENT
Operators can monitor all kinds of measurement values such as current, voltage,
sequence value, power and energy, etc. And, FTU has the function of Harmonic Analysis,
therefore up to 31st harmonics RMS value and THD for current and voltage are measured
and displayed. Lastly, counter values and accumulation data are displayed.
FTUMan has 6 kinds of Measurement window. The measurement value updates per 1
second.
9.2.7.1. BASIC VALUE
Operators can check the basic value like load or source voltage, current including RMS,
Phase Angle and True RMS also apparent, active and reactive power. And it shows
unbalance frequency, temperature and so on.
Figure 9-23 Basic Measurement Window
78
9.2.7.2. SEQUENCE VALUE
It shows zero, positive and negative sequence of source or load voltage and current.
Figure 9-24 Sequence Value Window
79
9.2.7.3. POWER
You can check active, reactive and apparent power of each phase or 3-phase. It also shows
lag of each phase or lead.
FTU provides imported or exported energy according to conductive, inductive energy of

each phase or 3-phase total.
Figure 9-25 Power Window
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9.2.7.4. HARMONICS
It displays THD and each harmonics value of voltage and current. It shows from 2nd to
31st per 1 second.
Figure 9-26 Harmonics Window
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9.2.7.5. COUNTER
It shows restart and fault counts
Figure 9-27 Counter Window
Restart Show restarts time and its count.
Fault Counter Show the fault count and Switch Trip.
82
9.2.7.6. PQM COUNTER
It PQM and THD counter and total interruption time.
Figure 9-28 PQM Counter Window
PQM Counter Show the short-duration voltage variation event count.
Total Interruption Time Show the total interruption time.
THD Counter Show the each or total phase’s current and voltage THD
counts.
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9.2.8. STATUS
In status window, all the status indications and command are displayed.
Figure 9-29 Status Window
When operator supervises some command in status window, this window generated.
Upper box shows device name, bottom box displays command name. If you click the ‘OK’
button, command will be operated and window will be disappeared.
Figure 9-30 Command Window
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9.2.9. WAVEFORM
In waveform window displays Fault and PQM waveforms list stored in FTU.
FTU can record and store the data for up to 8 faults, up to 6 PQM and 1 waveform by
manual triggering. And each waveform has the data of 20 cycles at 128 samples.
How to upload waveforms are as follow. First, by using the ‘Upload’ command reads a list
of stored waveforms on the FTU.
Figure 9-31 Waveform List Uploaded
To import the waveform from FTU, select a row and double click, you upload the
following message window appears.
Figure 9-32 Message Window
85
If you click the ‘OK’ button, opens standard Windows Save As dialog box and enter the
file name, and click the Save button. And then will start uploading waveform.
The following window shows the progress for uploading.
Figure 9-33 Progress Window
The file is stored in the COMTRADE file format by converting. The stored file is available
the waveform analysis by EvalTool. The EvalTool is explained in the Section 12.
And, in waveform window has a following pop-up menu. In the Tree View, select
‘WAVEFORM’ and press the right-click pop-up menu is available.
Figure 9-34 Pop-up Menu for Waveform Window
Upload Read waveform list from FTU.
Manual Trigger Capture current waveform by manual triggering.
Clear Fault Waveforms Delete all fault waveform stored.
Clear PQM Waveforms Delete all PQM waveform stored.
86
10. I/O CONFIGURATION TOOL
10.1. OVERVIEW
The ‘IOConfig’ tool allows FTU users to customize I/O mapping.
Figure 10-1 Overview of IOConfig Tool
The I/O mapping is created using this tool and saved to an IO File (*.iom).
87
10.2. OPERATION OF IOCONFIG
To start the IOConfig Tool selects ‘Tools – IOConfig’. When you run the IOConfig
Tool, main screen is displayed as show in following figure. There are two pages in the
IOConfig Tool.
Figure 10-2 Main Screen of IOConfig Tool
10.2.1. MENU
The File Menu has the following options.
An existing IO File (*.iom) can be selected and opened.
Save Saves the current file to the hard drive. If the file is new and this is the first
88
time it has been saved, the Save As dialog will be opened allowing the user
to type in a name before saving.
Save As Opens a standard Windows Save As dialog box. This allows an existing file
to be saved under a new name.
The Comm Menu is explained in the Section 9.2.1.2 Comm.
The Option Menu is explained in the Section 9.2.1.3 Option
The View Menu is explained in the Section 9.2.1.6 View.
The Help Menu opens a window for IOConfig’s program version and information.
10.2.2. TOOLBAR
Figure 10-3 Toolbar of IOConfig
Read Read input or output data from FTU.
Write Write input or output data to FTU.
About Opens a window for IOConfig’s program version and

information.
Once you Press the Read or Write button, the following window appears. This window
determines the types of data read or write.
Figure 10-4 Select Widow
10.2.3. INPUT
89
FTU has 10 inputs. Input is created by filling the fields on the Input tab. Each column is
defined as follows.
Figure 10-5 Input Tab
Name Input name is defined.

Type of the characters is limited to 11 characters.
Note: 0~3 of 4 input points is fixed.
Debounce Time The minimum time to retain status change.
Like, it prevents making useless information against

chattering in the point
Invert Specifies whether the point will be inverted.
Blk.Open To open blocked
Blk.Close To close blocked
Ext.Trip To trip using external input
Ext. Close To close using external input
10.2.4. OUTPUT
FTU has 4 relay outputs and 2 photoMOS relay outs. Output is created by filling the fields
on the Output tab. Each column is defined as follows.
Figure 10-6 Output Tab
Name Output name is defined.

Type characters are limited to 11 characters.
Only index number of 3 is changed.
Pulse Time Set a pulse command.
11. DNP3.0 INDEX CONFIGURATION TOOL
90
11.1. OVERVIEW
Custom DNP3.0 point index maps can now be created and loaded into FTU directly from
DNPConfig. The mappings is created using the tool and saved to a DNP3.0 mapping file
(*.d3m).
Figure 11-1 Overview of DNPConfig
11.2. OPERATION OF DNPCONFIG
To start the DNPConfig Tool selects ‘Tools – DNP3.0 Index Configuration’ from
the FTUMan menu. When you run the DNPConfig Tool, main screen is displayed as show
in following figure. There are 4 pages, Binary Input, Binary Output, Analog Input and
Counter, in the DNPConfig Tool.
91
Figure 11-2 Main Screen of DNPConfig
The DNPConfig tool allows the user to build custom mappings to suit their own
application. Points are added by selecting point from the Configuration Tool. Points are
deleted by selecting a row and pressing ‘Delete’. You can choose to either shift all the rows
below up one, or leave the entire row blank.
92
The DNPConfig tool allows the following.
ü Up to 128 Binary Input
ü Up to 32 Binary Output
ü Up to 512 Analog Input
ü Up to 128 Counter
11.2.1. MENU
Open Closes the current file and opens a standard window file selection
dialog. An existing DNP File (*.d3m) can be selected and opened.
Save Saves the current file to the hard drive. If the file is new and this is the
first time it has been saved, the Save As dialog will be opened allowing
the user to type in a name before saving.
Save As Opens a standard Windows Save As dialog box. This allows an existing
file to be saved under a new name.
The Help Menu opens a window for DNPConfig’s program version and information.
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11.2.2. TOOLBAR
Figure 11-3 Toolbar of DNPConfig
Tool Shows or hides a window the DNP3.0 Configuration tool box.
About Opens a window for DNPConfig’s program version and information.
Pressing Read or Write button, the following window appears. This window determines
the types of data read or write.
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11.2.3. CONFIGURATION TOOL BOX
The configuration tool box panel is launched by clicking the Tool button.
Figure 11-5 Configuration Tool Box
The toolbox contains every available point for FTU. The toolbox displays different points
depends on which tab selected. For example, if the Counters tab is selected then only
accumulators will be displayed on the list.
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11.2.4. BINARY INPUT
Binary inputs are used to report the status of binary points.
Figure 11-6 Binary Input Tab
Index Specifies the DNP ID Number of the point

Range : 0 to 127
Name The name of the points as defined in the configuration tool box.
ü Selecting the cell then double clicking a point in the configuration tool
box.
Class 0~3 The DNP3.0 class of the point. The default class can be modified by
checking from the checkbox.
COS Select event type, COS(Change of state) or SOE(Sequence of Events)
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ü DNP3.0 Classes
There are four classes in DNP3.0. These are defined as follows:
0 Class 0 is not an event class. It is used when reporting current (static)

data values and not changes of state events.
Note: Setting a point to Class 0 will prevent the controller’s protocol

handler from reporting change of state events for that point to the
master station. The point still remains accessible through static data
polls.
1 Class 1 used to report high priority events. Events in this class take
precedence.
2 Class 2 used to report medium priority events.
3 Class 3 used to report low priority events.
97
11.2.5. BINARY OUTPUT
Binary Outputs are used to perform operations on the LBS and change setting.
Figure 11-7 Binary Output Tab

Range : 0 to 31
box.
98
11.2.6. ANALOG INPUT
Analog Points are used to transmit analog data such as line currents, voltages and contact
life. Analog inputs are created by adding points as required, then modifying the parameters
from defaults if necessary.
Figure 11-8 Analog Input Tab

Range : 0 to 511
box.
99
Scale The scale is used to multiply the reported analog value by the amount
entered. For example, scaling the Ia RMS value by a multiple of ten will
change the reported value from zero decimal points to one decimal point
(i.e:9 to 9.0)
Default Value: 1, Range: 0.01,0.1,1,10,100
Deadband Display the deadband value for the point. The analog point value must
change by more than the deadband amount before it is reported.
11.2.7. COUNTER
Counters are used to count data and events such as Trips, Protection Pickups, Faults and
Accumulated kWh.
Figure 11-9 Counter Tab
100
Range : 0 to 127
box.
101
12. WAVEFORM EVALUATION TOOL
12.1. OVERVIEW
The Waveform data upload from FTU through the above setting program are analyzed in
this evaluation tool. Graphs of currents/voltages and operation of protection elements are
displayed, and instantaneous/RMS current and voltage values, phase angles and time
information at tracker position are presented. If 2 trackers one is moving with left mouse
button and the other with right mouse button are used, time difference between two points
is presented and it becomes the ruler for correct operation of protection element as setting.
And, harmonics up to 31st and THD (Total Harmonic Distortion) also show up.
Recorded waveforms can be uploaded to FTUMan in local site. After uploading stored to
the COMTRADE file format. These waveform data saved as COMTRADE file format and
compatible with other analyzing tool.
ü COMTRADE file
Comtrade (Common format for Transient Data Exchange for power systems) is a file
format for oscilloscopes data. It is used by many leading companies for the oscilloscopes used in
high voltage substations. It has been standardized by the IEEE.
Figure 12-1 Overview of EvalTool
102
12.2. OPERATION OF EVALTOOL
To start the EvalTool selects ‘Tools – Waveform Evaluation Tool’ from the
FTUMan menu. The tool has meter view and scroll view for graph.
Figure 12-2 Main Screen of EvalTool
12.2.1. MENU
An existing Data File (*.dat) can be selected and opened.
103
The Option Menu has the following options.
Graph Opens analog and digital graph select window..
Figure 12-3 Graph Select Window
Harmonic Open a window for voltage and current harmonics.
Figure 12-4 Harmonic List Window
Move Change the position of the screen.
Zoom The screen to yellow line center to shrink or enlarge the size.
The Help Menu opens a window for EvalTool’s program version and information.
104
12.2.2. TOOLBAR
Figure 12-5 Toolbar of EvalTool
Graph Show the entire graph
Harmonic List Check the harmonic list
Move-First Move to the beginning graph
Move-Double left Show the prior 2-step
Move-Left Show the prior 1-step
Move-Right Show the posterior 1-step
Move-Double right Show the posterior 2-step
Move-End Move to the last graph
Zoom In Enlarge image
Zoom out Shrink image
Zoom All Enlarge all image
105
13. IEC INDEX CONFIGURATION TOOL
13.1. OVERVIEW
Custom IEC 60870 point index maps can now be created and loaded into FTU directly
from IECConfig. The mappings is created using the tool and saved to a IEC mapping file
(*.icm).
Figure 13-1 Overview of IECConfig
13.2. OPERATION OF IECCONFIG
To start the IECConfig Tool selects ‘Tools – IEC 60870 Index Configuration’ from
the FTUMan menu. When you run the IECConfig Tool, main screen is displayed as show
in following figure. There are 4 tabbed pages, MSP, CSC, MME and MIT, in the IECConfig
Tool.
106
Figure 13-2 Main Screen of IECConfig
The IECConfig tool allows the user to build custom mappings to suit their own
application. Points are added by selecting point from the Configuration Tool. Points are
deleted by selecting a row by popup menu. The IECConfig tool allows the following.
ü Up to 128 MSP Point
ü Up to 32 CSC Point
ü Up to 512 MME Point
ü Up to 128 MIT Point
13.2.1. MENU
107
An existing IEC Config File (*.icm) can be selected and opened.
Save Saves the current file to the hard drive. If the file is new and this is the
first time it has been saved, the Save As dialog will be opened allowing
the user to type in a name before saving.
Save As Opens a standard Windows Save As dialog box. This allows an existing
file to be saved under a new name.
The Help Menu opens a window for IECConfig’s program version and information.
13.2.2. TOOLBAR
Figure 13-3 Toolbar of IECConfig
Tool Shows or hides a window the IEC 60870 Configuration tool box.
About Opens a window for IECConfig’s program version and information.
108
Pressing Read or Write button, the following
window appears. This window determines the types
of data read or write.
13.2.3. CONFIGURATION TOOL BOX
The configuration tool box panel is launched by clicking the Tool button.
The toolbox contains every available point for

FTU. The toolbox displays different points depends
on which tab selected. For example, if the Counters
tab is selected then only accumulators will be
displayed on the list.
Figure 13-5 Configuration Tool Box
109
13.2.4. MSP POINT
MSP points are used to report the single-point information.
Figure 13-6 MSP Point Tab
Index Specifies the IEC protocol index.

Range : 0 to 127
box.
GE Assigned global interrogation group
G1~G8 Assigned to specific interrogation group 1~8
13.2.5. CSC POINT
CSC points are used to perform operations on Single Command.
Figure 13-7 CSC Point Tab

Range : 0 to 31
box.
110
13.2.6. MME POINT
MME points are used to transmit measured scaled value. MME Points are created by
adding points as required, then modifying the parameters from defaults if necessary.

Range : 0 to 511
box.
GE Assigned global interrogation group
G1~G8 Assigned to specific interrogation group 1~8
Cyclic Select cyclic data transmission.
Scale The scale is used to multiply the reported analog value by the amount
entered. For example, scaling the Ia RMS value by a multiple of ten will
change the reported value from zero decimal points to one decimal point
(i.e:9 to 9.0)
Default Value: 1, Range: 0.01,0.1,1,10,100
Deadband Display the deadband value for the point. The analog point value must
change by more than the deadband amount before it is reported.
111
13.2.7. MIT POINT
MIT points are used to interrogate totals.

Range : 0 to 127
box.
GE Assigned global interrogation counter group
G1~G4 Assigned to specific interrogation counter group 1~4
112

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Feeder Terminal Unit

for Distribution Automation

Pole-top Load Break Switch Control

Technical Manual V2.3

Copyright©2010 PNC Technologies Co., Ltd.

All rights reserved

For further information, Contact:

5F, Kwangmyung B/D Tel +82-2-2240-8190

1.0 2010-08-25 DRAFT

1.1 2011-07-04 UPDATED

2.0 2012-08-22 UPDATED (FUNCTIONS WERE IMPROVED)

2.3 2013-05-02 UPDATED V2.2

Table of Contents .................................................................................... 4

1.1. Automation of Distribution Lines................................................................ 1

1.2. Main Features of FTU-P200 ....................................................................... 2

2. Technical Data ................................................................................... 4

2.1. Digital Processor ......................................................................................... 4

2.1.1. Dual Processor Architecture.................................................................................................. 4

2.1.2. Analog/Digital Conversion .................................................................................................... 4

2.1.3. DSP ......................................................................................................................................... 4

2.1.4. CPU ......................................................................................................................................... 5

2.1.5. Functional Block Diagram ..................................................................................................... 5

2.2. Environmental Conditions ......................................................................... 6

2.3. Inputs/Outputs ........................................................................................... 7

2.4. Measurements ............................................................................................. 9

2.4.1. Currents .................................................................................................................................. 9

2.4.2. Voltages .................................................................................................................................. 9

2.4.3. Power ...................................................................................................................................... 9

2.4.4. Power Factor ........................................................................................................................ 10

2.4.5. Frequency ............................................................................................................................. 10

2.4.6. Energy ................................................................................................................................... 10

2.5.1. Physical Layer ...................................................................................................................... 12

2.5.2. Protocol for scada ................................................................................................................ 13

2.6. Recording ...................................................................................................14

2.6.1. Event Recorder..................................................................................................................... 14

2.6.2. Waveform Event Recorder .................................................................................................. 14

3. Construct and External Connection ...................................................15

3.1. Appearance & Dimension .......................................................................... 15

3.2. Connector ................................................................................................... 17

4. Front Panel Operations .................................................................... 19

4.1. Button & LED Description ........................................................................ 20

4.1.1. LCD Display .........................................................................................................................20

4.1.2. FTU Status ............................................................................................................................20

4.1.3. MENU/UP/DOWN/ENTER Buttons .................................................................................20

4.1.4. Serial Port .............................................................................................................................20

4.1.5. Ethernet/SCADA/Protection Communication LED ..........................................................20

4.1.6. Battery Test & Lamp Test .................................................................................................... 21

4.1.7. Reset Button ......................................................................................................................... 21

4.1.8. Function LED ....................................................................................................................... 21

4.1.9. SELECT/OPEN/CLOSE Buttons and LEDs ....................................................................... 22

4.2. LCD Manipulation .................................................................................... 23

5. Protection Functions ........................................................................ 28

5.1. Fault Indication......................................................................................... 28

5.2. Negative Phase Sequence (NPS) Detection ...............................................31

5.3. Sensitive Earth Fault (SEF) Detection .................................................... 32

5.4. Direction Detection ................................................................................... 34

5.5. 2nd Harmonic Detection ............................................................................ 35

5.6. Open Line Detection (Loss Of Phase) ....................................................... 36

5.7. Phase Sync. Check ..................................................................................... 37

5.8. Under Voltage Detection........................................................................... 37

5.9. Over Voltage Detection ............................................................................. 38

5.10. Under Frequency Detection ...................................................................... 38

5.11. Over Frequency Detection ........................................................................ 38