CHAPTER II

Related studies

Mullin and Simmons (2015) explained the track lighting loads are

considered to be part of the general lighting load for residential installations,

based on 3 volt-amperes per square foot as previously discussed. There is no

need to add more wattage (volt-amperes) to the load calculations for track

lighting in homes.

Brittian (2012) explained the motor control center (MCC) is a factory-

made assembly of electrical devices that control the operational of typically

three-phase motors. In the United State, MCC’s are contained in sheet metal

enclosures of modular design. MCC’s can include fused and nonfused three-

phase disconnects, control circuit transformers, motor starters, pilot control

devices, and power monitoring/recording/management systems. The modular

nature of MCC’s allows for many variations. While available in both low and

medium voltage designs, most are of low voltage (600 VAC).

Gibilsco (2006) discussed the wireless network that is a local area network

(LAN) is a group of computers linked together within a building, campus, or other

small region. The interconnections in early LANs were made with wire cables, but

wireless links are increasingly common. A wireless LAN offers flexibility, because

the computer users can move around without having to bother with plugging and

unplugging cables. This arrangement is ideal when notebook computers (also

known as laptops) are used. The way in which a LAN is arranged is called the

LAN topology. There are two major wireless LAN topologies: the client-server

wireless LAN and the peer-to-peer wireless LAN.

Scherz and Monk (2013) explained that the capacitive sensors are

frequently used as proximity or touch sensors as a replacement for mechanical

push switches. They sense conductors and therefor are ideal for sensing

proximity of a hand or finger.

Patrick and Fardo (2002) discussed the lighting system convert electrical

energy to light energy. Several types of lighting systems are used today,

including incandescent, fluorescent, mercury vapor, and several other special-

purpose lighting systems.

 CHAPTER II

Related studies

Scherz and Monk (2013) explained the measuring rotation can be as

simple as using a potentiometer as a voltage divider, where the voltage at the

slider is proportional to the angle of rotation. However, the potentiometer will no

measure a full 360 degrees, and it has stops at both ends of the track that prevent

it from turning all the way around.

Chapman (2012) explained that the rotational motion, newton’s law, and

power relationships are almost all electric machines rotate about an axis, called

the shaft of the machine. Because of the rotational nature of machinery, it is

important to have a basic understanding of rotational motion. This section

contains a brief review of the concepts of distance, velocity, acceleration,

Newton’s law, and power as they apply to rotating machinery.

Petruzella (2010) discussed the electric motors if when you need a

replacement for a metric motor installed on imported equipment, the most

practical way to proceed is to get an exact metric replacement motor.

 Gupta (2011) explained the 555 IC timer is a monolithic timing circuit that

can produce accurate and highly stable time delays or oscillation. Like general-

purpose op-amps, it is very much reliable, easy to use and cheaper in cost. It has

variety of applications including monostable and stable multivibrations, dc-dc

converters, digial logic probes, waveform generators, analog frequency meters

and tachometers, temperature measurement and control devices, voltage regular

regulators etc. the timer basically operates in one of the two modes either as a

monostable (one-shot) multivibrator or as an astable (free-running) multivibrator.

Gupta J.B (2015) discussed the voltage in DC and AC machines, it is a

electromechanical energy conversion process involves the interaction of the two

fundamental quantities which are related through the law of conservation of

energy and the coupling magnetic field.