PT PLN (Persero)

Integrating Intermittent Renewable Energy

Generation Plant (REGP)
the Perspective from System Planning

Ishak Burhani Nasution

OPPORTUNITIES : INDONESIA PV RESOURCES
OPPORTUNITIES : INDONESIA WIND RESOURCES
 PROJECT PROPOSAL AND UPDATE
System Peak Capacity
Number System Plant Type Location Province Progress
Load (MW) (MW)

1 Southern Sulawesi 900 WPP Sidrap South Sulawesi 70 Construction

WPP Takalar South Sulawesi 62.5 FS and Interconnection Study
WPP Takalar South Sulawesi 62.5 Proposal
WPP Jeneponto South Sulawesi 20 Proposal
WPP Tolo South Sulawesi 60 Proposal
WPP Takalar South Sulawesi 52.8 Proposal
327.8
2 Northern Sulawesi 350 PV Gorontalo Gorontalo 27 FS and Interconnection Study
PV Gorontalo Gorontalo 40 Proposal
PV Manado North Sulawesi 40 Proposal
107
3 Lombok 250 PV Pringgabaya West Nusa Tenggara 41 FS and Interconnection Study
41
4 Timor 67 WPP Nonohonis East Nusa Tenggara 21 FS and Interconnection Study
21
5 Raha-Bau Bau 35.4 PV Buton South East Sulawesi 5 FS and Interconnection Study
5
6 West Kalimantan 285 PV Pontianak West Kalimantan 60 Proposal
60
7 Kalimantan Interconnection 957 PV Banjarmasin East Kalimantan 60 Proposal
(exc. West Kalimantan) PV Samarinda East Kalimantan 120 Proposal
PV Bontang East Kalimantan 30 Proposal
210
6 Java-Bali 24000 WPP Sukabumi West Java 250 Proposal
PV Bali Bali 100 Proposal
PV Jatim East Java 100 Proposal
450
8 Sumatera 5000 PV Jambi Jambi 200 Proposal
PV Bangka Bangka-Belitung 24 Proposal
PV Sibolga North Sumatera 30 Proposal
254
 RE INTEGRATION PROCESS & CHALLENGES
(PROGRAM LEVEL)

Phase 1 :
- PLN Standard - Limitation
i. Study Preparation
ii. Design /Technology
iii. Interconnection requirement
(ex: updating grid code)
iv. Standardized PPA Phase 3
- Gov. RE dev. plan
i. RUEN/RUKN • COD
ii. RE penetration study Phase 2
iii. Local content • Feed-In-Tariff
Regulation
• Direct
Phase 1
Procurement Phase 2 :
• PLN Standard - Feed-In-Tariff
• Gov. RE dev. plan i. RE Quota
ii. Subsidy policy
- Direct Procurement
i. Tender Process
ii. Negotiated Tariff
 RE INTEGRATION PROCESS & CHALLENGES
(PROJECT LEVEL)

Current Process of REGP Development:

1. Unsolicited Proposals Received

a. Proposed Project Locations, type, capacity, and COD date
b. Supporting Study (e.g. FS, Interconnection Study, System Impact
Study)
2. PLN System Impact Study
a. Current & Projected demand (load growth, load profile)
b. Current & planned configuration of the power generation mix at
the proposed location
c. System Impact analysis of proposed project(s)
d. Findings & Recommendations (schedule, capacity available, COD
date, etc.)
3. Negotiation of PPA terms and conditions
4. Financing
5. Construction & Operation
 SPECIFIC CHALLENGES FOR INTERMITTENT REGP (1)

System Stability
• Power varies with Wind/Solar Resource
• Require Reactive Power Control
• Trip of large Wind/Solar Farm is harm for Voltage Stability.
• Sensitive Area connected to large Wind/Solar Farm can have Impact on
Voltage/Frequency Stability.
• No Contribution of System Inertia from Doubly-Fed Induction Generator
and Fully Rated Converter Generator -> Frequency Stability -> Required
Additional Control
 SPECIFIC CHALLENGES FOR INTERMITTENT REGP (2)

System Security
• Wind and large Solar Farm must have ability to control Voltage and
Frequency
• Fault Ride Through Capability
• Require Reactive Power Control for proper Voltage Profile

Power Quality
• Doubly-Fed Induction Generator, Fully Rated Converter Generator and
Inverter System can be the Source of Harmonic, especially connect to
weak Network.
• Voltage Fluctuation -> Flicker, Voltage Imbalance.
• Voltage Dips cause the Disconnection of Wind/Solar Farm and
consequently cause large Inrush Current during Recovery.
Case Study :

1. Wind Power in Southern Sulawesi Grid

 Transmission and generation map of Central Sulawesi (2)
Likupang 1. PLTG Minahasa Peaker 150 MW – 2018
12
Pandu
2. PLTG Sulbagut 1 (LF) 200 MW – 2022
Paniki Bitung
Ranomut
3. PLTA Sawangan 12 MW – 2020
Teling
Sario/Manado Kota
Tasik Ria
3 Sawangan
Kema 4. PLTU Sulut-3 100 MW – 2019/20
SULAWESI 5 Tomohon Tonsealama
U4
5. PLTU Sulbagut-2 200 MW – 2023/24
6 U Kawangkoan
Tolitoli Leok
Bolontio UTARA Lopana 7P
Ratahan 6. PLTU Sewa Amurang 50 MW – 2017/18
16 12 8
KALIMANTAN 13 Buroko Lolak 7. PLTP Lahendong V 20 MW – 2017
11 Belang
TIMUR GORONTALO U A
8. PLTP Lahendong VI 20 MW – 2018
Bangkir Isimu Gobar
Bintauna P 9. PLTU Sulut-1 2x50 MW – 2019/20
Marisa Botupingge Otam 9 Tutuyan
Limboto U Suwawa
10 10. PLTP Kotamobagu - 80 MW – 2025
Moutong G Tilamuta
14 11. PLTA Poigar-2 30 MW – 2021
Tambu 15 Molibagu 12. PLTU Sulbagut-1 100 MW – 2019/20
13. PLTU Gorontalo (FTP1) 50 MW – 2017
14. PLTU Sulbagut-3 100 MW – 2019/20
15. Gorontalo Peaker 100 MW – 2016
16. PLTU Toli-Toli 50 MW – 2021
Likupang
17. PLTU Palu-3 100 MW – 2018
12
17 18. PLTU Tawaeli Ekspansi 30 MW – 2016
Sindue 18 19. PLTP Masaingi (FTP2) 20 MW – 2023
U Pandu
Donggala Parigi
Talise
Bunta Luwuk 20. PLTP Borapulu 40 MW – 2024
Ampana
Silae
Petobo
Paniki 21. PLTGU Makassar Peaker 450 MW–2017/18
Sario/ Ranomut Bitung
Palu P 1920 Manado Kota 22. PLTGU Sulsel Peaker 450 MW–2019
Baru Mauro
SULAWESI Teling 3
Kema
23. PLTA Poso-1 70 MW – 2019
Poso TENGAH Toili Tasik Ria
Sawangan 24. PLTA Seko-1 480 MW – 2023/24
Sigi G
Tomohon
U4 25. PLTA Salu Uro 95 MW – 2020/21
Pasangkayu 44 Kawangkoan
Tonsealama 26. PLTU Kendari (Ekspansi) 10 MW – 2016
56 27. PLTU Kendari-3 100 MW – 2019
SULAWESI Ratahan
23
Tentena U
Lopana P7 28. PLTA Karama 190 MW – 2025
BARAT 8 29. PLTU Mamuju (FTP2) 50 MW – 2017
Kolonedale
30 ke ke 30. PLTA Kalaena-1 54 MW – 2021/22
25 24 A GI Otam GI Belang 31. PLTA Malea 90 MW – 2021
Topoyo 38 A
28 A 32. PLTA Bakaru III 146 MW- 2023
Wotu
Mamuju Baru
A 33. PLTA Tabulahan 20 MW – 2022/23
Masamba
Malili
ke ke 34. PLTA Masupu 36 MW – 2022/23
29 Bungku
GI Barru GI/GITET Sidrap
35. PLTA Poko 130 MW – 2022/23
Mamuju Rantepao Pangkep
3334 31 Tonasa
36. PLTA Bakaru II 140 MW – 2021/22
Mamasa 32
A
Palopo
SULAWESI 37. PLTA Bonto Batu 46 MW – 2025
35 TENGGARA 38. PLTA Tumbuan 300 MW – 2023/25
36
A 37 Makale
A 51 21 39. PLTU Sulsel Barru-2 100 MW – 2018
Luwu Andowia
Majene Polman 45 A 22 G Maros
40. PLTMG Wajo 20 MW – 2017
Bakaru Enrekang Lasusua A 41. PLTU Sulsel-2 400 MW – 2019/20
Bosowa
57
Pinrang
Siwa
50
Mandai
Kima
42. PLTU Punagaya 200 MW – 2018
54 Daya
Pare
Sidrap
A 26 Tallo Lama 43. PLTU Jeneponto-2 250 MW – 2018/19
27 Daya Baru
Keera
Kendari
Bontoala
Tello 44. PLTMG Luwuk 40 MW – 2017
Kolaka Panakukang
53 Sengkang
40
Unaaha
Tanjung 45. PLTA Wotunohu 15 MW – 2024
Bunga Sungguminasa
39 Soppeng 46. PLTU Bau-Bau 2 100 MW – 2022/23
Barru Andolo
SULAWESI 47. PLTU Bau-Bau 50 MW – 2019
SELATAN ke ke 48. PLTMG Bau-Bau 30 MW – 2017
Bone GI Tallasa GITET Bantaeng
Pangkep Tonasa 49. PLTU Wangi-Wangi 6 MW-2019
Buranga
58
Mandai Maros
Bosowa
Kajuara Kasipute 56 Raha 50. PLTA Konawe 21 MW – 2024
53
Tello Daya
Pure
51. PLTA Lasolo 145 MW – 2023
Tallolama
Panakkukang
Daya Baru
Sinjai 52. PLTMG Bau-Bau 2 30 MW – 2021 RUPTL 2016-2025 [1].
Sungguminasa
Bantaeng
Malaompana 55 53. PLTA Buttu Batu 200 MW – 2024
58 Bulukumba 49
Tallasa 54. MPP Sultra (Kendari) 50 MW- 2018
Rio Bau-Bau
Punagaya
Bantaeng 55. MPP Wangi-Wangi 10 MW- 2017/20
42 JNP Smelter 46 48 Pasarwajo
4143 4752 Butauga 56. MPP Bombana 10 MW- 2016
57. MPP Kolaka Utara 5 MW- 2016
58. PLTGU Sulbagsel 1 (LF) 450 MW - 2024
 Transmission and Generation Map of South Sulawesi (2)
PLTA Seko 1
480 MW – 2023/24
SULAWESI PLTA Kalaena 1 ke
ke ke 54 MW – 2021/22 GI Tentena/
GI Barru GI Sidrap PLTA Salu Uro BARAT PLTA Poso
Pangkep 95 MW – 2020/21 (Sulteng)
Tonasa PLTA Tumbuan SULAWESI
4x75 MW – 2023/25
ACSR 2x430 mm2
PLTG Tello
160 km - 2021 PLTA Malea (FTP 2)
A A A TENGAH
123 MW ke ACSR 2x240 mm2
90 MW – 2021 41 km - 2016
PLTA Karama Masamba ke
G PLTA Poko (Sulbar) GI Bungku
130 MW – 2022/23 ACSR 2x240 mm2
Maros (Sulteng)
55 km – 2016 Wotu Malili
Bosowa PLTA Bonto Batu
Mandai
46 MW – 2025
Tallo G Daya Kima ACSR 2x240 mm2
Lama PLTA Bakaru 2 Rantepao 145 km - 2016
Bontoala Daya Baru 140 MW – 2021/22
Tello
Panakukang PLTA Bakaru 3 A ke
146 MW – 2023 ACSR 1x430 mm2 Palopo GI Lasusua
Tanjung Sungguminasa
Bunga 15 km - 2019 (Sultra)
PLTGU Makassar Peaker PLTA Bakaru 1 Makale
ke 300 MW-2017 2x63 MW A
ke ke ACSR 2x430 mm2
PLTU 150 MW-2018 GI Polman 80 km - 2022
GI Tallasa A A Luwu
Takalar PLTGU Sulsel Peaker (Sulbar) Bakaru
300 MW-2018 PLTA Buttu Batu Enrekang ACSR 2x240 mm2
150 MW-2019 200 MW – 2024 90 km – 2016
ACSR 2x430 mm2
PLTU Sulsel Barru 2 160 km - 2022 Siwa SULAWESI
1x100 MW - 2018 Pinrang ACSR 2x240 mm2
Sidrap
70 km - 2016 TENGGARA
Pare
D Keera
Sengkang PLTG Sengkang (GT 22)
G 60 MW
GU
G PLTGU Sengkang (ST 28)
60 MW
Soppeng
U PLTMG Wajo
20 MW – 2017

Barru ACSR 2x430 mm2

175 km - 2022
Tonasa Bone
Pangkep
PERENCANAAN SISTEM
G PT PLN (Persero) PETA JARINGAN PROPINSI SULAWESI
Maros
Bosowa SELATAN
Tello D GI 500 kV Existing / Rencana
G / U
/ U PLTU Existing / Rencana
/ GI 275 kV Existing / Rencana G / G PLTG Existing / Rencana
Daya baru
PLTGU Sulbagsel 1 (LF) Sungguminasa Sinjai / GI 150 kV Existing / Rencana P / P PLTP Existing / Rencana

450 MW – 2024 / GI 70 kV Existing / Rencana A / A

PLTA Existing / Rencana
A / GI 500/275 kV Existing / Rencana GU
/ GU PLTGU Existing/Rencana
PLTU Sulsel 2 G ACSR 2x430 mm2 / GI 500/275/150 kV Existing / RencanaMG / MG PLTMG Existing/Rencana
2x200 MW – 2019/20 70 km - 2022 /
GI 275/150 kV Existing / Rencana M / M
PLTM Existing / Rencana
Tallasa Bantaeng Bulukumba / D / D
GI 150/70 kV Existing / Rencana PLTD Existing / Rencana
PLTU Punagaya (FTP 2)
T/L 70 kV Existing / Rencana Kit Existing
2x100 MW – 2018 Bantaeng Smelter Bira
/
/ T/L 150 kV Existing / Rencana Kit Rencana
Punagaya Jeneponto
PLTU Jeneponto 2 U / T/L 275 kV Existing / Rencana
250 MW – 2018/19 U / T/L 500 kV Existing / Rencana Edit Mei 2016

RUPTL 2016-2025 [1].

 Southern Sulawesi Grid : WPP Penetration

PeakPuncak
Beban Load vs Wind Speed
vs Wind Speed
1600 8

1400 7

1200 6

Wind Speed (m/s)

Peak Load (MW)

1000 5

800 4

600 3

400 2

200 1

0 0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

Peak Puncak
Beban Load Wind
Wind Speed
Speed
 Southern Sulawesi Grid : WPP Penetration

Case 1:
Wind power supply drop maximum until 60 MW

Southern Sulawesi Grid condition in 2018 :

Simulation Result:
Frequency = 49,215 Hz
(System Normal)
- Peak load : 1500 MW
- Base load : 1200 MW
- Total of peaking power plant: 500 MW

Based on simulation, wind power curtailment only

permitted until 60 MW.
Case 2:
The frequency relay operate at 49.2 Hz (when the
Wind power supply drop higher than 60 MW
load shedding occur)

Simulation Result:
Frequency = 49,197 Hz
(Frequency relay operate)
Case Study :

2. Solar PV Power in Kupang

 Case Study : PV 5 MW at Kupang

1. Peak Load : 58 MW
2. Day Load : 51 MW
3. PV install capacity : 5 MW
4. Connection : 20 kV
5. Percentage of PV install capacity compare to day load: 8.6%
• If full PV (5 MW) operated, there is frequency fluctuation, and load
shedding.
• The maximum capacity of PV, that grid still can operated normally, is 3
MW or 5-6% from day load.
1. Generation with higher ramp rate mostly peak power plant (Gas PP, Hydro PP
with reservoir). To accommodate PV fluctuation, we need to make sure this
generation type configuration enough or system reliability will be worse.
2. If PV operated, peaking generation should be operated too with small
capacity factor, even not at the peaking time. The effect of this condition is
inefficiency and higher operational cost.
3. PLN need to make a standard and regulation (grid code) to accommodate the
renewable energy development.
 CONCLUSION
“Integrating Intermittent Renewable Energy Generation Plant (REGP)
the Perspective from System Planning”

1. System Impact Study/Interconnection Study is imperative.

2. Penetration Study needs to be done before REGP applied for every
location (case by case) because:
a. Different resources characteristics
b. Different grid configuration
3. PLN need to improve grid capability and how to manage the REGP
penetration (ex: SCADA, EMS, AGC, etc)
4. REGP Development need to standardized
Thank You
Source : PLN Wilayah Sulselrabar
Low voltage ride through
In electric power systems, low-voltage ride through (LVRT), or fault ride through (FRT), sometimes under-
voltage ride through (UVRT),[1] is the capability of electric generators to stay connected in short periods of
lower electric network voltage (cf. voltage dip). It is needed at distribution level (wind parks, PV systems,
distributed cogeneration, etc.) to avoid that a short circuit on HV or EHV level will lead to a widespread loss
of generation. Similar requirements for critical loads such as computer systems[2] and industrial processes
are often handled through the use of an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) or capacitor bank to supply
make-up power during these events.

Ride through systems[edit]

Modern large-scale wind turbines, typically 1 MW and larger, are normally required to include systems that
allow them to operate through such an event, and thereby “ride through” the voltage dip. Similar requirements
are now becoming common on large solar power installations that likewise might cause instability in the event
of a widespread disconnection of generating units. Depending on the application the device may, during and
after the dip, be required to:
disconnect temporarily from the grid, but reconnect and continue operation after the dip
stay operational and not disconnect from the grid
stay connected and support the grid with reactive power (defined as the reactive current of the positive
sequence of the fundamental[3])