S BLOCK Edit: Steven Sass 2017

The Modern PeriodicPeriodic

The Modern
# of available ValencyTable ofTable
the Elements
of the Elements 8v
1 11
electrons 18 Noble Gases
1v P BLOCK : Anions: -Helium
18
Hydrogen
Hydrogen Average relativeAverage
masses relative masses
Element name Mercury Atomic # Helium
1 1 are rounded to are
two rounded to two Element name Mercury
= number of Protons (also
2 2
Atomic #
H
1.01
1
2
H
1.01
decimal places. decimal places.
80
The Modern Periodic 80
Table of the
13
Atomic #
electrons for a neutral Elements
3v 4v
14 15 16
5v
17
6v He
4.00
7v He
4.00
1
2 All average 13 14 15 16 --- 17

Hg
2.1
2 2v Electronegativity
masses are to masses are to Symbol atom)
Hg
12.1 All average 18---
be treated Symbol
Lithium Beryllium
Lithium
Hydrogen Beryllium = as measured
electron-attracting
be treated as measured
Average power. Boron Carbon
Boron
Nitrogen
Carbon
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Fluorine
Oxygen
Neon
Fluorine Neon
Helium
3 4 31 4 quantities, and subject to relative
quantities, and
masses
subject to Element name Mercury 5 6 5 7 6 8 7 9 8 10 9 102
Difference of:Do to two
Li 2 Be LiH significant figure are
rules.
Benot round+ them significant
rounded
figure rules. Do 200.59 200.59
Avg.Mass
Avg. Mass Atomic
B Mass
Avg. # C B N C O N F O Ne F
=80
decimal places.
further Ne
He
6.94 9.01 6.94 9.01 1.9 will
notgive
round=them
Anion further
- Ionic bond 10.81to 1 12.01 10.81 14.01 12.01 16.00 14.01 19.00 16.00 20.18 19.00
number of grams 20.18 2
1.0 1.5
1.01
1.0
when
21.5 performing when
-1.9 will take performing
= Cation 1.9 Mole1.9
2.0 2.5 13
2.0 3.0 14
2.5 3.5 15
3.0 4.0 16
3.5 --- 17
4.0
4.00
------

Hg
2.1 All average masses are to (mol)
calculations. calculations. Electronegativity Symbol
Lithium Beryllium be treated
+/_ 0.5 will shareas measured - CovalentElectronegativity
bond Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
Sodium Magnesium
Sodium3 4
Magnesium quantities, and subject to Aluminum Silicon Phosphorus
5
Aluminum Silicon
Sulfur
6 Chlorine
Phosphorus 7 Sulfur
Argon
8
Chlorine 9 10
Argon
11 12 D BLOCK 13
Mass14 13B 15 14C 16 15N 17 16O 18
Na 3 Mg Na
11Li
6.94
12
Mg
Be
9.01
significant figure rules. Do
not round them further 200.59 Avg.
Al Si 10.81P
Al 12.01 S
Si 14.01Cl
P 16.00Ar Cl
S 19.00
17F
Ar
18
Ne
20.18 3
22.99
0.9
24.31 22.991.0
1.2
24.31 1.5 when performing
calculations.
1.912 26.98
1.5
28.09 26.982.0
1.8
30.97 28.09 2.5
2.1
32.07 30.97 35.45
2.5
3.0 39.95 35.45 4.0
32.07 3.5
3.0 ---
39.95 ---
0.9 1.23 4 3 5 6 7 6 8 7 9 8 10 11 1.5 1.8 2.1 2.5 3.0 ---
4 5 Electronegativity 9 10 11 12
Potassium Calcium Sodium Scandium
Magnesium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Aluminum
Arsenic Selenium Phosphorus
Silicon Bromine SulfurKrypton Bromine
Chlorine Argon
Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Krypton
19 20 1911 2012 21 22 21 23 22 24 23 25 24 26 25 27 26 28 27 29 28 30 29 31 30 32 3113 33 3214 34 3315 35 3416 36 3517 3618
K 4 Ca KNa MgSc
Ca Ti Sc V Ti Cr V Mn Cr Fe MnCo Fe Ni Co Cu Ni Zn Cu Ga Zn Ge Ga
AlAs Ge
Si Se As
P Br SeS Kr Br
Cl Ar
Kr
39.10 40.08 39.10 44.96 47.88 44.9650.94 47.8852.00 50.9454.94 52.0055.85 54.9458.93 55.8558.69 58.93 63.55 58.69 65.39 63.5569.72 65.3972.61 69.72 74.92 72.61 78.96 74.92 79.90 78.96 83.80 79.90
4
22.99 24.31
40.08 26.98 28.09 30.97 32.07 35.45 39.95
83.80
0.8 1.0 1.21.3 1.5
0.9
0.8 1.0 1.3 1.6 1.5 1.6
3 41.6 1.5 1.6 1.8
5 1.5 1.86 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.9
7 1.8 1.6
8 1.9 1.6 91.6 1.8 1.5 2.0 1.8
1.6 10 1.8 2.4 11 2.1 2.8 2.4
2.0 2.5 3.0
12 3.0
2.8 3.0---
Rubidium Strontium Potassium Yttrium
Calcium Zirconium Niobium
Scandium Molybdenum Vanadium
Titanium Technetium Chromium
Ruthenium Manganese
Rhodium Palladium Cobalt Silver
Iron Cadmium
Nickel CopperIndium Zinc Tin Antimony Germanium
Gallium Tellurium ArsenicIodine SeleniumXenon Bromine Krypton
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
37 38 3719 3820 39 40 3921 41 4022 42 4123 43 4224 44 4325 45 4426 46 4527 47 4628 48 4729 49 4830 50 4931 51 5032 52 5133 53 5234 54 5335 5436
Rb 5 Sr Rb
K CaY
Sr Zr YScNb ZrTiMo Nb
V Tc Mo
CrRu Tc
MnRh Ru
FePd Rh
CoAg Pd
Ni Cd Ag
CuIn Cd
ZnSn In
GaSb Sn
GeTe Sb
As I SeXe
Te IBr Kr
Xe 5
85.47 87.62 85.47
39.10 88.91
40.08
87.62 91.22 88.9192.91 91.22
44.96 95.94 92.91
47.88 (98) 95.94
50.94 101.07 (98)
52.00 102.91 101.07
54.94 106.42102.91
55.85 107.87106.42
58.93 112.41107.87
58.69 114.82112.41
63.55 118.71 114.82
65.39 121.76118.71
69.72 127.60121.76
72.61 126.90127.60
74.92 131.29126.90
78.96 79.90 83.80
131.29
0.8 1.0 0.8
0.8 1.01.2
1.0 1.4 1.3 1.6 1.4
1.2 1.5 1.8 1.6 1.9
1.6 1.62.2
1.8 1.52.2
1.9 1.8 2.2 2.2
2.2 1.8 1.9 1.8 1.7
2.2 1.9 1.7
1.9 1.6 1.8
1.7 1.6 1.9 1.8
1.7 1.8 2.1 2.0 2.5 2.1
1.9 2.4 2.6 2.8
2.5 3.0
2.6
Cesium Barium Rubidium Lutetium
Strontium Hafnium Tantalum Zirconium
Yttrium Tungsten Niobium
Rhenium Molybdenum
Osmium Technetium
Iridium Platinum RhodiumGold
Ruthenium Mercury
Palladium Thallium Cadmium
Silver Lead IndiumBismuth TinPolonium Bismuth Astatine Tellurium
Antimony Radon Iodine Xenon
Cesium Barium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury Thallium Lead Polonium Astatine Radon
55 56 553757-70 5638 71 72 7139 73 7240 74 7341 75 7442 76 7543 77 7644 78 7745 79 7846 80 82 7947 81
83 84 8048 82 85 8149 83 50 84 51 85 52 86 53 8654
57-70
Cs 6 Ba Cs
Rb * BaSrLu * Hf LuYTa Hf Zr W Ta NbRe W MoOs Re TcIr Os RuPt Ir RhAu Pt PdHg Au AgTl Hg CdPb TlIn Bi Pb SnPo Bi Sb At Po TeRn AtI Xe
Rn 6
132.91 137.33132.91
85.47 174.97
87.62
137.33 178.49 174.97
180.95178.49
88.91 183.84180.95
91.22 186.21 183.84
92.91 190.23 186.21
95.94 192.22 190.23
(98) 195.08192.22
101.07 196.97195.08
102.91 200.59196.97
106.42 204.38200.59
107.87 207.20 204.38
112.41 208.98207.20
114.82 (209) 208.98
118.71 121.76(210) (209)(222) (210)
127.60 126.90 131.29
(222)
0.7 0.9 0.8
0.7 1.01.1
0.9 1.3 1.2 1.5 1.3
1.1 1.4 1.7 1.6 1.9
1.5 1.82.2
1.7 1.92.2
1.9 2.2 2.2 2.2
2.2 2.2 2.4 2.2 1.9
2.2 1.9 1.8
2.4 1.7 1.8
1.9 1.7 1.9 1.8
1.8 1.8 2.0 1.9 2.2 2.0
1.9 2.1 2.4 2.5
2.2 2.6
2.4
Francium Radium Cesium Lawrencium
Barium Rutherfordium Lutetium
Dubnium Seaborgium Tantalum
Hafnium Bohrium Hassium
Tungsten Meitnerium Osmium
Rhenium Darmstadtium Iridium
Roegentium Platinum
Copernicium Gold Flerovium
Ununtrium Mercury Ununpentium Lead
Thallium Livermorium Bismuth
Ununseptium Polonium
Ununoctium Astatine Radon
Francium Radium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roegentium Copernicium Ununtrium
Nihonium Flerovium Ununpentium
Moscovium Livermorium Ununseptium
Tennessine Oganesson
Ununoctium
87 88 875589-102 8856103 89-102
104 71105 72 106 105
73 107 74108 75109 76 110 109
77 111 110
78 112
81 115 114
82 116 11583 117 116
84 118 11779 113
85 80 114 11886
57-70 103 104 106 107 108 113
113 115 111
117 112 118
Fr 7 Ra Fr BaLr
Cs ** Ra ** * Rf Lu
Lr Db Hf
Rf Sg Ta
Db Bh W
Sg Hs Re
Bh Mt Os
Hs Ds Ir
Mt Rg Pt
Ds Cn Au
Rg Uut Hg
Cn Fl Tl
Uut Uup Pb Lv Bi
Nh (288) Fl (293) Uup Uus Po Uuo At
Mc (294) Lv (294) Uus
Ts Rn
Uuo
Og
(223) (226) (262)
132.91
(223) 137.33
(226) (261) (262)
174.97 (262)
178.49
(261) (266) (264)
180.95
(262) (269)
183.84
(266) (268) (271)
186.21
(264) (272)
190.23
(269) (277) (284)
192.22
(268) (289) 195.08
(271) 196.97
(272) 200.59
(277) 204.38
(286)
(284) 207.20
(289) 208.98
(288) (209)
(293) (210)
(294) (222)
(294)
(294)
7
(288) (294)
0.7 0.9 0.70.7 0.9 ---
0.9 --- 1.1 ---
--- 1.3 ---
--- 1.5 ---
--- 1.7 ---
--- 1.9 ---
--- 2.2 ---
--- 2.2
--- --- 2.2 ---
--- ---
2.4
--- 1.9 --- --- -1.8
--- ----
- 1.8---
--- - ---
--- -1.9- --- 2.0 --- --- -2.2
-- -2.4
-----

Francium Radium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roegentium Copernicium Ununtrium Flerovium Ununpentium Livermorium Ununseptium Ununoctium
Valence
87 88
Lanthanum 89-102
Cerium 103
Praseodymium 104
Neodymium 105
Promethium 106
Samarium 107
Europium 108 Gadolinium 109
Terbium 110
Dysprosium Holmium111 Erbium 112
Thulium 113
Ytterbium 114 115 116 117 118
Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium
Cations:
Promethium
+ 64
Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium
Shell
Fr Ra57 ** 58 Lr59
57 Rf 60
58 Mt
63 Db61
59 Sg62
60 Bh
61 Fl
6863 Hs
62 Uup
69 65 Ds 66
64 Rg67
65 Cn68
66 Uut69
67 70 70Lv Uus Uuo
*lanthanides
(223) La Ce La
*lanthanides
(226) Pr Ce
(262) Nd Pr
(261) Pm Nd
(262) Sm Pm
(266) Eu Sm
(264) Gd Eu
(269) (268)Tb (271)Dy
Gd Ho Dy
(272)
Tb (277)Er (284)
Ho Tm Er
(289)Yb (288)
Tm (293)
Yb (294)
Order (294)
Orbitals Electrons
0.7 0.9 ---
138.91 --- --- ---
140.12 138.91 ---
140.91140.12 --- --- ---
144.24140.91(145) 144.24 ---
150.36 (145) ---
151.97 150.36 --- --- ---
157.25151.97158.93157.25162.50158.93
164.93162.50
167.26 164.93
168.93167.26173.04168.93 --- --- ---
1.1 1.1
F BLOCK 173.04
1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.1
# of Protons does Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium s 1 2
Actinium
Lanthanum Thorium
Cerium Protactinium
Praseodymium Uranium
Neodymium Neptunium
Promethium Plutonium
Samarium Americium
Europium Curium
Gadolinium Berkelium
Terbium Californium
Dysprosium Einsteinium
Holmium Fermium
Erbium Mendelevium
Thulium Nobelium
Ytterbium
not change = 89 90 8957 91 9058 92 9159 93 9260 94 9361 95 9462 96 9563 97 9664 98 9765 99 9866 100 9967 101 100 68 102 101 69 102
70 p 3 6
**actinides *lanthanides
Ac Th Ac
Element type **actinides LaPa Th
(227)
Ce U Pa
232.04 (227)
231.04
PrNp U NdPu Np
238.03231.04(237) 238.03
Pm Am Pu Sm Cm Am Eu Bk Cm GdCf Bk TbEs Cf DyFm Es HoMd Fm
(244) (237)(243) (244) (247) (243) (247) (247) (251) (247) (252) (251)(257) (252) (258) (257) (259) (258)
Er No Md Tm No
Yb d 5 10
138.91 232.04
140.12 140.91 144.24 (145) 150.36 151.97 157.25 158.93 162.50 164.93 167.26 168.93 (259)
173.04 f 7 14
1.1 1.3 1.1 1.5 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3
# of Neutrons can 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.1

change = Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium
89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102
Isotope of the **actinides Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Max # of electrons allowed per
same element (227) 232.04 231.04 238.03 (237) (244) (243) (247) (247) (251) (252) (257) (258) (259) energy level (N):
1.1 1.3 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3
N=2n2