Potential Transformer Testing

Potential Transformer Testing will cover following tests:

a) IR measurement
b) PT ratio check
c) PT polarity check
d) Secondary injection testing of metering and protection winding.
e) Combined primary and secondary injection testing of metering and
protection winding.

A) IR Measurement

Outline of Procedure

1. Disconnect PT secondary circuit wiring

2. Disconnect PT primary and secondary neutral earthing.
3. Note IR values for
a. Primary to earth
b. Primary to Secondary
c. Secondary to earth
d. Winding to Winding
4. Reconnect the primary and secondary neutral earthing.

a) Primary to earth IR measurement

1. Connect the test setup as per Fig. 1
2. Note IR readings at 5kV.
3. The minimum acceptable value will be rated volts + 1 MΩ.

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 A N n a

L E
MEGGER
DISCONNECT LINK

Fig.1

b) Primary to secondary IR measurement

1. Connect the test setup as per Fig. 2
2. Note IR readings at 5kV.
3. The minimum acceptable value will be > 1 MΩ.

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 A N n a

L E
MEGGER

Fig. 2

c) Secondary to earth IR measurement

1. Connect the test setup as per Fig. 3
2. Note IR readings at 500V.
3. The minimum acceptable value will be > 1 MΩ.

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 A N n a

E L
MEGGER
DISCONNECT LINK

Fig. 3

d) Winding to Winding IR measurement

1. Connect the test setup as per Fig. 4
2. Note IR readings at 500V.
3. The minimum acceptable value will be > 1 MΩ.

Caution:
After the tests are over, restore PT primary and secondary neutral
connections to earth. Verify by meggaring that the value is zero.

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 A N n a

n a L E
MEGGER

Fig. 4

B) Polarity Checks

Outline of Procedure

1. Disconnect PT secondary circuit connection.

2. Connect the test setup as per Fig. 5
3. Momentarily touch the lead of ‘R’ Phase to +ve of the cell
4. If there is clockwise deflection in meter, then it confirms relative polarity.
5. Repeat the test for all phases and all windings except open delta winding.

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 DC mA.
AVO
A R N n a

+
Y
3V +
CELL
B

Fig. 5
Precautions

1. Isolate PT from main bus before testing

2. Use healthy/charged cell.

C) Ratio Checks

Outline of Procedure

1. Isolate PT primary from main bus

2. Isolate PT secondary circuit from PT secondary terminals
3. Arrange the test setup as per Fig. 6
4. Apply 3 phase, to the extent possible upto 5000V gradually on PT primary
side
5. Measure voltage at primary and secondary terminals
6. Check PT ratio vis a vis the PT specification.
7. Check the secondary voltage at secondary fuse incoming so that wiring
upto fuse is checked.
8. Remove secondary fuse.
9. Refer Fig. 7 for open delta winding test.
• Keep switches SW1 and SW2 off
• Measure open delta voltage ‘V’. It should be nearly zero

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 • Remove fuse F1 on R phase
• Close switch SW1 (to simulate VR= 0)
10. Measure open delta voltage ‘V’. It shall be as per PT ratio of open delta
core. Eg. PT ratio 12kV/√3/120/3, then open delta voltage will be 4.15V for
applied voltage of 415V on primary side.
11. Repeat the test for ‘Y’ and ‘B’ phase.

PT PRIMARY CIRCUIT TO PT SECONDARY CIRCUIT

A N n a
R
Am Vm
3ø , 415V Y
AC
VARIABLE B Am Vm
SOURCE
Am a1

a2

Fig.6

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 11000/√3
-------- Main
110/√3

R
Y
B
F1 SW1

110
-------- Aux
110/3
V
SW2 VDG14
R

Fig 7. Open Delta PT Test

Precautions

1. Check primary fuse rating and continuity

2. Check primary and secondary earthing. This shall be firm

D) PT secondary injection check

Outline of Procedure

1. Connect the test setup as per Fig. 8

2. Apply voltage gradually from 0 to 110V.
3. Monitor current of each phase while increasing the voltage. This shall be
less than the specified ratings.
4. At 110V, secondary current shall not be more than 100-150mA normally.
5. If current increases rapidly check the secondary circuit for a short

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6. At full voltage, check phase to phase voltage at relay/ meter terminals as
per Schematic drawings
7. Check phase sequence at relay and meter terminals to confirm wiring.
8. If the same PT supply is tapped to other panels then remove PT
secondary circuit fuses of those particular panels.
9. Check the voltage and phase sequence upto fuse incoming.
10. Carry out PT secondary inject for other panels from fuse outgoing to check
each panel PT circuit.

A N n a
2 6 kWh
v
MW

v 3 3

Am
PT PT
PRIMARY SECONDARY Am

Am

RYB
3 PHASE
110V AC SUPPLY

Fig.8
Precautions

1. Isolate PT secondary winding at terminals from secondary circuit terminals

to avoid PT primary winding getting live due to back charging.
2. Check continuity and rating of secondary circuit fuses.
3. Carry out secondary injection step by step by removing PT fuses of other
panels when same supply is tapped.

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D) PT combined primary and secondary injection check

Outline of Procedure

1. Restore connection of PT secondary circuit to PT secondary terminals.

2. Restore secondary and primary winding earthing.
3. Isolate PT primary from main bus.
4. Arrange the test set up as per Fig. 9
5. Apply 3phse. 415V supply to PT primary.
6. Measure corresponding secondary voltage at meters/relay terminals.
7. Check voltage across open delta core. Voltage shall be zero when 3
phase, 415V is applied at primary winding.

27 67

37 32

OPEN OR
DRAW
OUT

3 PHASE
415 V AC

Fig.9

Precautions

1. Connect firmly PT primary earthing and secondary earthing of each

winding.

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2. Check continuity and rating of primary and secondary circuit fuses.
3. Check mechanical alignment for PT primary pole connections and PT
earthing.

E) General checks

1. Mechanical alignment for PT power jaws.

2. PT primary winding star earthing
3. Free movement of PT trolley.
4. Tightness of all connections
5. Primary/ Secondary fuse ratings
6. PT specifications

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