Anda di halaman 1dari 4

Chapter 11: Voltage Regulators and Power Supplies 703

voltage regulation Current regulator 12V battery recharger

1N4002
68 Vin
Part 1 Semiconductor 78xx
Devices
VoltageRegulators
Voltage Regulatorsand
Vreg = xx

LM317
outand Basic Applications
and +12 to 20V 22W

Power Supplies
in in out

Power Supplies
05, 06, 09, etc.
to 5V, 6V, 9V,
Cin grnd R1 adj 220Ω +
etc. 0.1µF

grnd
78xx
out
Cout
device
Lab05  Diode  rectifiers   and  
IL =
dc  power  supplies   2K _
12V

0.1µF stable biasing


for lamps,
2.1V reg /R1 RECTIFIER
load
CIRCUITS
500Ω

I. Objective   LEDs, etc.

Objective: • Determine the operation and characteristics of diode


rectifier
Understand  the  process  ocircuits, which
f  AC-­‐to-­‐DC   form thein  first
converting   stage
power   in the process of converting
supplies  
an ac signal into a dc signal in the electronic power supply.
Understand  operation  of  rectifier  circuits  and  filter  capacitors  
The constant current regulator is often require
Circuits usually used as aa power supply
dc power for LEDs,
supply espe-
that can maintain a fixed voltage while
cially the higher-powerCircuits
devices. usually require a dc power supply that can maintain a fixed voltage while
II. Introduction  
supplying enoughtcurrent
o  ofcurrent
One application
supplying enough ddiodes
c  p
to ower  
to
is drive
in the
drive sload.
upplies  
adesign
a load. Batteries
of rectifier
Batteries makemake good
circuits.
good A dc supplies,
dcdiode butbut
rectifier
supplies, their
forms
their the
relatively
relatively first stage small
small a current
ofcurrent
dc power capacities
supply. make
capacities A dc make voltage
them them impractical
is required
impractical tofor for
power driving
driving essentially
high- high- current,
every
current, elec-
Transformer 1. AC-­‐to-­‐DC  frequently
frequently tronic converting  
usedused
device, circuits. in  An
circuits.
including power  
An
personal
alternative supplies
alternative computers,
Practical
solution
solution   for
Electronics
is take
to take
televisions,
is Inventors,
to a and
3rd
a 120-
120- stereo
V /ac,
Edition
VPaul
ac, 60-
HzHz
systems.
60-
Scherz /line
line
An
133-6
volt-
/electri-
volt-
Chapter 11

age
It is important that    you age cal
and
choose and cord that
convert
convert
the right isitplugged
it into into a
a usable
transformer into
usable a wall
dc
dcyour socket
voltage.
voltage. and attached to a television, for example, is
There   are   two   approaches   to  forthis.   The  power
more  supply.
traditional  The approach  is  to  use  
transformer’s secondary voltage connected
There
There are are
shouldtwo to
twoa rectifier
approaches
approaches
not be much circuit
tolarger to inside
this.this.
The
than the
The themore
more TV. Intraditional
addition,
traditional
output battery
volt- approachapproach chargers
is to is use to use for portable
a step-
a step-
a   step-­‐down  
down electronic t ransformer  
transformer.devices beThe
a
suchnd  
other a
as   l inear  
cell r
phones
approach egulator.  
isand to use T
laptop he  
awill o ther  
computers a
“switch-mode” pproach  
contain i
power s   t o  
rectifiersupply. circuits.
age of the regulator; otherwise,
down energy willThe
transformer. wasted
other because
approach theis toregulator
use be
a “switch-mode” power supply.
1
ThisThis
 latter Figure
method 2.1 is a diagram of a dc power supply. The output voltage v is usually
use  latter
forced to dissipate heat. aHowever,
“switch-­‐mode”  
method at thehashas pall
same
all but but
ower  
time, staken
taken upply  
theover over
secondary
from from
(SMPS).   Fstep-down
voltage
step-down or  the  
must transformers
ftransformers
ormer  
not infigure  
one,  tinhe   recent
recent years, Oyears,
andand
drop below700 is in
the the
reason rangeyour of 3 to
“wall-wart” 24 V depending
black plastic on
power the particular
toadapters electronics
have become application.
smaller
PRACTICAL
the required
below   is minimum
the ELECTRONICS
reason
is  Throughout
diagram  
input
your FOR INVENTORS
voltage
“wall-wart”
and   efirst
of theblack
xample  
regulator
ad  dplastic
of  this
(typically
power
c  power  
2adapters3V
start  have
rom  become smaller andand
above its output voltage). lighter. They
the
also have
partadvantage
the
of chapter,
that they
wesupply  
will
will
analyze
often
fand
work
a  step-­‐down  
design
without
various
modification
stagesorin
lighter. They Now also have
there theproblem
is one advantage withthatthis theysupply—it will often work without
is unregulated. This means modification
that or
transformer:   the power supply circuit.
switch
switch flipping
ifflipping
there are on
onanythethe higher
higher
sudden line
surges line voltages
voltages
within found
the found in voltage
in other
ac input otherpartsparts of the
of the
(spikes, world.
world.
dips, We’ll
etc.), We’ll
dis-dis-
ifier Packages cusscuss both both
these methods
variations
Power in will
methods in
thisthis
be chapter,
expressed
chapter, beginning
at the supply’s
beginning with with the
output
the step-down
(notice the
step-down transformer
spike
transformer that gets approach.
approach.
throughtransformer
in Fig. 11.1). Using an unregulated supply to run sensitive circuits (e.g.,
Three basic rectifier networks TheThe used trick
trick to
intopower converting
convertingsupplythe the
designsac ac line line
voltage
include voltage theinto into
half- a usable
a wave,
usable (typically
(typically lower-lower- level)
level) dc dc
+
digital IC circuits) is a bad idea. The current spikes can lead to improper+operating
voltage
voltagecharacteristics
full-wave, and bridge rectifiers, is
isshown to first
to firstinuse use
Fig. a transformer
a transformer to
toetc.) step
stepand down down the
the recti- ac voltage.
ac voltage. After that,
After that, the trans- the trans-
(e.g.,11.7.
false To understand
triggering, how may these
destroy the ICs in the process. An
formed
fiers work, see Chap. 4.formedunregulated AC voltage
voltage is supply is applied
applied through
through
also
Diode has a problem a rectifier
a rectifier network
network
maintaining Voltageato
to get rid
get ridoutput
constant of theof the negative
negative
voltage as swings swings
voltage Filter LOAD vO
(or(or positive
positive
the load
source
swings
swings
resistance ifrectifier
if you
full-wave rectifier
you areare
changes. Ifdesigning
designing a highlyaresistive a negative
negative (low-voltage
regulator voltage
current) supply).
supply).
load Once
is replaced Once the with the negative
negative
swings
swings aare are
lower- eliminated,
resistance (high-
eliminated, a filter
a filter current)
network network
load,is the is used
used to flatten
unregulated
to flatten outout
output the the
voltage rectified
rectified will signal
drop signal intointo
a a
(Ohm’s
– law). _
nearly
nearly flatflat (rippled)
(rippled) dcdc voltage
voltage pattern.
pattern. Figure
Figure 11.111.1 shows shows thethe process
process in action.
in action.
Fortunately, there is a special circuit that can be placed across the output of an
ac input
C filter R load  
e rectifier unregulated supply to convert it into aVload
regulated supply—a supply that eliminates
reduced
reduced
2.1 ac ac voltage rectified
voltage of rectified
Diagram dc pulses
dc pulsespower supply. The circuits that characterize each block
Vload
Vripple Figure
the spikes and maintainsan electronic
a constant output voltage with load variations (see Fig. 11.2).
diagram are considered in this chapter.
This special circuit is called a voltage regulator.
C filter R load bridge rectifier

                     Rectification~ is  the process of converting f =120an Hz alternating (ac) voltage into one that
t t
f =60 Hz
voltage
voltage  
spike
spike is limited to one polarity.
ac input
rectifier
rectifier
rectifier The diode is useful for this function high-
bypass filter used to eliminate because of its nonlin-
- + frequency noise generated by load
ear characteristics, that is, current exists for one voltage polarity, but is essentially
~ ~
C filter R load
filter
zero for the opposite~polarity. half-wave full-wave,
- ~+
ac Rectificationvoltage
filter
filter is classified as +
~ dc voltage or
spike gets gets
spike
line regulator
ac ac with half-wave being - - ++ the simpler and full-wave being
+ + more efficient.
~ dc dc voltage through
~voltage through
lineline ~ Vout
(regulated)
step-down ~~ C1 C2 Cn 0.1µF
Vout Vout
Vrms =120 V
f =60 Hz
2.1.1 transformer Half-Wave Rectification(unregulated)
C C C C C C (unregulated)
step-down
step-down 1 1 2 2 n n
VHalf-
Vrms =120 Vwave,
=120 V full-wave, and bridge rectifiers can be constructed entirely from indi-  
rms transformer
transformer
f =60
vidual Hz
f =60 Hz FIGURE
diodes. However, Figure
both 2.2(a)and
full-wave shows a power
bridge transformer
rectifiers also comewith
in apreas-
diode and resistor connected to the
a. Use  a  transformer  to  step  down  the  ac  voltage.  
11.2
secondary of the transformer. We will use the piecewise linear approach in analyzing
sembled packages (see Fig. 11.8).
FIGURE 11.1
b. Transformed  
this circuit, vregulator
A voltageassumingoltage  through  
the diodea  forward
is designed rtoectifier  network  
automatically
resistance isto  
adjust rthe get  rid  of  ofthe  
amount current
f = 0 when the diode is “on.”
FIGURE 11.1
flowing through a load—so as to maintain a constant output voltage—by compar-
negative  The(or  
input signal, vswings.  
positive)   I , is, in general, a 120 V (rms), 60 Hz ac signal. Recall that the
ing the supply’s dc output with a fixed or programmed internal reference voltage. A
secondary voltage, v , and primary voltage, v I , ofamplifier,
an ideal atransformer
699699
are related by
S
c. Use  simple
a  filter   network  
regulator to  fof
consists latten   out  the  
a sampling rectified  
circuit, an error signal  into   a  nearly  ele-
conduction flat  
ment, v I and aNvoltage
1 reference element (see Fig. 11.3).
(rippled)   =
d c  v oltage  pattern.   (2.1)
vS N2
control element
d. Convert  the  ripple  voltage  into  a  stable,  regulated  dc  voltage  with  a  
ndd699699 12/6/12 3:14 P3
12/6/12
voltage  
1
Ideally,regulator  (such  
the output voltage Iofaas  Zener  circuit
rectifier C
diode,  
is aLdc
M78XX,  
voltage.
I LM317,  
asewe
tc.)  
12/6/12
However, 3:14 PM
will see, there may be an
L

ac ripple voltage superimposed on a dc value. For this reason, we will use the notation v O as the instanta-
sampling circuit

  neous value of output voltage. IB 1  


error amplifier

IB
Vin Vout

error
The turns ratio should then be
N1 120
= Practical∼
= 16.3
Practical Electronics for Inventors, 3rd Edition / Paul Scherz / 133-6 / Chapter 3
N2 7.35 Electronics for Inventors, 3rd Edition / Paul Scherz / 133-6 / Chapter 3
For the center-tapped rectifier, the peak inverse voltage
PIV = v R (max) = 2v S (max) − Vγ = 2(9.7) − 0.7 = 1
Chapter 3: Basic Electronic Circuit Components 383
2. Center-­‐tapped  transformer   For the bridge rectifier, the peak inverse voltage of a diode i
actical Electronics for Inventors, 3rd Edition / Paul Scherz / 133-6 / Chapter 11 PIV = v R (max) = v S (max) − Vγ = 10.4 − 0.7 = 9.7 V
    Input  voltage:  ACV  0/110/220  

    Output:  ACV  6-­‐0-­‐6   Comment: These calculations demonstrate the advantages


over the center-tapped transformer circuit. First, only half as
a. Use  the  switch  on  extension  
for the secondary06/08/2009
nea80644_ch02_067-124.qxd winding in the07:28
bridgePMrectifier.
Page This is trueT
69 F506
cord  
dition / Paul Scherz / 133-6 / Chapter 11 to  help  you  turn  on  the   secondary winding of the Practical
center-tapped transformer
Electronics is utiliz
for Inventors, 3r
ond, for the bridge circuit, the peak inverse voltage thatChapany d
transformer.   out breakdown is only half that of the center-tapped transfor
b. Do  not  touch  the  transformer  while  it's  turned  on!!   FIGURE 3.103

  EX
provide you with the voltages between the various tap points, usually specifying
CT as the center-tap voltage. Center taps provide flexibility in design and allow
varying outputs, which you implement by incorporating switches, for example.
Ex 2.2: Consider the bridge 11:
circuit shownRegulators
in Figure 2.6(a)
3. Rectifier  circuits   Chapter Voltage and P
We’ll see how a center-tap transformer is used to split incoming 240 VAC for the
main into two 120-VAC legs within the circuit breaker of your house, and we’ll also
v = V sin ωt . Assume a diode cut-in voltage of Vγ = 0.7
discover howS full-wave vO V
M center-tap rectifier circuits are used in building dc power
a. Half-­‐wave  rectifiers   tion (percent) of time that the diode
supplies.
nea80644_ch02_067-124.qxd 06/08/2009 07:28 PM Page 72 F506 Tempwork:Dont' D is conducting for pea
Del
This figure shows a siR 1
Real Transformer VM = 12
of (a)Characteristics V and (b) V M = 4 V. (Ans. (a) 46.3% (b)
nal dc power supply38i
Most  inefficient.  Rarely  used  in  60-­‐Hz   N N 1 2
A perfect or ideal transformer has a primary-to-secondary coupling coefficient of 1.
ext device. With no
+ both coils link with all the magnetic flux lines, so+that the voltage
This means that
+
rectification.  Considerable  use  in   con
induced per turn is the same for both coils. This also means that the induced adapter
volt- plug not
I Because ofS the advantages demonstrated acts toinswitch
Example 2.2
age per turn is
v the same for both primary and secondary
R coils. Ironv core transform-
O power v
high-­‐frequency  switching  power  supplies   cuit is used more often than the center-tappedwhen transformer
external dc cip
– – – 0a
Both full-wave rectifier circuits adapter
discussed plug, the
(Figures sho
2.5
in  some  topologies.   72 Part 1 Semiconductor Devices and Basic Applications
tiveFIGURE
output voltage. As we will see in thefrom nextthe batterydiscu
chapter to th
11.11 (a)
b. Full-­‐wave  center-­‐tap  rectifiers   there are times when a negative dc voltage is also required. W
Figure 2.2 Half-wave rectifier (a) circuit and (b) voltage transfer
11.6 Technical
rectification by reversing thePoints directionAbout of the diodes Ripple in eithR
Good  for  high-­‐current,  low-­‐voltage   shows + the bridge + circuit with the diodes
+ reversed compared
Thewhere N1 and
direction vof N2Dare
S current
1 the number
is When
shown
R of primary
vusing
during
O
a the
supply and to
positive seconda
powe
half
applications,  as  there  is  only  one  diode  drop  voltageratio
vI
N /N
is1 now is
– called
2 negative with the transformer
output
respect – voltage turns
to ground ratio.
as small The
as pos
potential. trD
be designed to+ provide a particular secondary Slope ∼ –1
voltage,
– v , w
FIGURE 11.11 cycle of v S , the complementary diodes turn
5-V supply, the on and the in
variation dire
S ou
per  positive  half  cycle.   a particular output
vS voltage v .
the –load is the same, D2producing
V, ifanot
O negative output voltage. Th
  11.6 Technical FIGURE 3.104 Points About Ripple –
ages are shown in Figure 2.7(b).
Reduction lower. In fact, digita
Problem-Solving Technique: Diode Circuits margin around critical logic–Vleg
c. Full-­‐wave  bridge  rectifiers   When using a supply to
(a) power sensitive circuits,
icky when it comes it is essential
to outputt
output voltage In using as the
smallpiecewiseas linear model
possible. For of the
example, v diode, when thedriving
first o
N1 : N2 less than 1 percent to operate
Most  efficient.  Best  for  high-­‐voltage   5-V supply, thethelinear region
variation vin output(conducting or
voltage not conducting)
should in which
+
03-ch03.indd 383
To do this,+ we can: D3 low?
Vg DYou use filterbe no more
capacitors
vS 12/6/12 2:57 PM

1 v
outputs.     V, if not lower. In fact, digital v logic circuits
–v O usually have
act toared m
RL Filter capacitors
S S

margin varound 1. Determine


critical the input
logic Dlevels. voltage
Small condition
analog 0 such
signal that
T a dio
circuito
1 on the Dpositive- D1going Drectifier
on 2 D1cy
I vS on on
icky when it Then comesfind to the output output signal2 for this
variations.
slow enough For condition.
example,
rate
vO2
they
to maintain m
2. Determine theDinput 2 voltage
T D condition
T D3T such
and D that
2T D a an
td
less than– 1 percent to operate properly.
(off). –Then find the output tifier
2
4 How do you
cycle.
signal If the
for this
3
2 filter keep
4
capacit
condition.
the
1
on on
low? You use filter capacitors and voltage
to maintain regulators.
(c)
before the itemload current a
(a) (b)
  [Note: Item 2 can be performed 1 if desired.]
Filter capacitors act to reduce the fluctuations in output by
Figure 2.5 Full-wave rectifier: (a) circuit
Figure 2.7 (a) Full-wave bridge rectifier circuit to produce negativ with center-tapped tr
4. Filter  capacitors,  voltage  regulators  the &  rpositive-
ipple   rgoing
eduction  
characteristics,
(b) Input and rectifier
output and cycle
(c)
waveforms.inputand then waveforms
and output
Figure 2.2(b) shows the voltage transfer characterist
releasing charge th
slow enough rate to maintain a level output voltage—during t
a. Filter  capacitor   circuit. For v S < 0, the diode is reverse biased, which Vripple mea
tifier cycle. and Ifthe
theoutput
filter capacitor
voltage is is tooAs
zero. small,long it
as will not
Vout be abled
Vin IL v S < V γ , the dio
The  capacitance  of  the  filter  capacitor  to maintain theDuring
so the load current
output the positive
voltage Vin and
will half
C1 output
remain ofR the
L
zero. input
voltage VWhen
out
voltage
during v S >thecycle,
Vγ ,ne th
positive; t
biased f =120therefore,
and aHzcurrent isdiode induced D1 in is the
forward
circuit. biased
In thisand case,con
depends  on  load  RL  and  ripple  rejection  of   biased and cut off. The current through D1 and the outpu
tivei Doutput − Vγ
v S voltage. During theaverage
negative half cycle, D i
voltage  regulator.   =
VR
no load dc CF charging1
biased,Vor “on,” ripple anddc the currentvoltage
voltage through the output resistf =
out Vout
  Vin IL tive
and
FIGURE output 11.12voltage. If we assume that the forward diode
t
Vin C1 RL is out
Vsmall and negligible, we obtain the voltage transfer ch
  f =120 Hz v O =ini Figure
D R = v2.5(b). S − Vγ
As it turns out, the 3.3ms amount
shown T
tor discharge. If adetermine
low-resistan
  For v SFor > Vaγsinusoidal
, the slopeinput of thevoltage,
transfer wecurvecan is 1. the
by If using
v S isthe voltagef =120
a sinusoidal put,
transfer
signal,
Hz
the
curve t capacitor will discha
as shown shown in in Figure
Figure T= 2.5(b
2.3(a),
1/120 H
  and the
found usingoutputthe voltage iscapacitor
voltage transfer v O =curve vS − and V .therefore
When2.2(b).
inγ Figure v S the
is negFovo
FIGURE 11.12 , D2v Sis>onVγand the output voltage
age > Vγ for
−visS zero; other
, the outputhand, a highly
is given byisEquation
O = −v
vresistive (
As it turns input out, andthe amount
output voltage of more
current
signals drawn
are shown by
slowly, which means the a
in load
Figure influe2.5
v O =occurs
voltage v S − Vduring both thecurrent
positive and negative cyc
  2   tor discharge. If a low- resistance,
γ
high-
culate the dropload is placed
in voltage of ath
circuit
and is is
shown called in a full-wave
Figure
put, the capacitor will discharge relatively quickly, causing2.3(b). rectifier.
We can see that while the
Another
and hasexample of a full-wave rectifier circuit appea
capacitorpolarityand therefore a time-average
the voltage across valuethe of zero,
load the output
to drop relav
cuithas
and a bridge
is an averagerectifier,value that which
is not still provides
zero. The input electrical
signaliso i
other hand,powerline a highlyand resistive,
the low-output,
rectifier current butload
doeswill not cause athe
since the output voltage appears only during therequire
positive ce cy
ever, their breakdown voltages are significantly smaller. Popular full-wave br
from scratch. Instead, what you do is spend 50 cents for a voltage-regulator IC. Let’s
rectifiers devices.
take a closer look at these integrated include the 3N246 to 3N252 series (rated at 1 A, 0.9-V forward voltage d
and the 3N253 to 3N259 series (rated at 2 A, 0.85-V forward voltage drop).

11.1 Voltage-Regulator
11.5 ICs
A Few Simple Power Supplies
There are a number of different kinds of voltage-regulator ICs on the market
Regulated +5-V Supplies
b. Linear  vtoday. Some of these devices are designed to output a fixed positive voltage, some
oltage  regulator  
1.5A 1N5400 The first supply
are designed to output
fuse
a fixed negative voltage, and others
1N5400 are designed to be
black a center-tapped tr
    Such  aadjustable.
s  LM78XX  series  LM317,  etc.  These  ICs  usually  have  a   in out former rated at
ac line 7805 +5V V at 1.2 to 3 A.
ripple-­‐rejection  characteristic   white of  around   1N5400 65  dB  to  C180  dB.   Below  Ci2s  an  Vout voltage after re

(ground)
4700 µF grnd

green
0.1µF (regulated) cation resides at an
117 to 12.6V 35V
11.1.1 Fixed example   of  LM7805:  
Regulator ICs 1.2 or 3A
50V
V peak pulse. The
transformer -
Positive voltage regulator positive voltage regulator One popular line of regulators includes capacitor (C1) smoo
the three-terminal LM78xx series shown the pulses, and
Vin 1.5A Vout here. The “xx” digits represent the out- 7805 outputs a r
(unregulated) fuse (regulated)
put voltage, e.g., 7805 (5 V), 7806 (6 V), lated +5 V. C2 is pl
78XX
in
78xx
out
+ xx V
~ 7808 (8 V), 7810 (10 V), 7812 (12 V), 7815 BF1509 across the outpu
(15 V), 7818 in V), and 7824
(18 out (24 V). These
ac line grnd - + 7805 +5V the regulator to by
devices
Offline can handle a maximum
Primary-side PWM+PFM+BURST output Power Switch
BYD Microelectronics Co., Ltd.
~ Controller Vout high-frequency n
current of 1.5 Agrnd if properly heat-sunk. To
C 1 remove
C 2 unwanted
C3 0.1µF (regulated) that might be ge
12.6V, 3A input or output spikes/
transformer noise, capacitors can be attached to the ated by the load.
Input Output
Ground General Description
C1 , C 2 , C3 = 1000
regulator’s output terminals,    
input and Features
µF, 35V diode placed a
BF1509 is a high performance asoffline
shown in the figure. AMulti-mode
PWM+PFM+BURST popular series
Operation the 7805 helps prote
for Highest Overall Efficiency
Negative
  voltage regulator FIGURE 11.9 power switch controller, which
regulator from damaging ofoperating
negative
reverse-in primary side regulator
voltage-
current surges±5% Constant
IC is the
generated Voltage/Current Regulation at
by the load. Such surges may r
sensing and regulation. It is used in low power AC/DC Universal AC Input
whenchargers
the power supply LM79xx
is turned regulators,
off. For where
example, “xx”the repre-
capacitance across the output may
c. Switch  regulator  negative voltage regulator
(or  SMPS)   charge more
operates
and adaptor applications and etc. The BF1509
slowly
in PFM than
in CC mode.
sent
In CV the
the negative
mode,capacitance
output
in order to achieve across
Built-in Soft-Start Circuit
voltage.
the input.
Programmable
These
Cable This would reverse-bias the regu
Drop Compensation
Vin
and could
Vout
damage
high efficiency, it operates
devices
it ininPFM
theat large
can handle
process. Theanddiode
load condition
a maximum
diverts the
Built-in Output
output
unwanted
Constant-current andcurrent away from the reg
Constant-voltage
    SMPS  can  achieve  power-­‐conversion  
79XX (unregulated)
79xx tor. The
(regulated)
second
in PWM+PFM efficiencies  
power
+ xx V at light/medium
current
supply
of 1.5 exceeding  
is similar
load condition. BF1509A. will
A number
to the first 9ofbut
Control 0%  
different
with uses a bridge
Primary-side Feedback rectifier.
in out operate in BURST mode at nomanufacturers
load condition to meetmake
low theirNoown kinds
pto-coupler of Required
and TL431
percent  (typically  
1–10µF 50%  in  linear  0.01–0.1µ
C
grnd in power regulator)  
C
avoltage
consumption. In addition,
F nd  
the eliminating  
BF1509
out has a built-in DC SometLow
regulators. he   hefty  
ofStart-up
the regula-
Current (Max.5uA)
output cable drop compensation, tors
so itcan handle
is easy more
to achieve the current than
Built-in Short others.
Circuit Protection, VOUT Over Voltage

A Solution for Nokia


power  AC-8C
transformers.  Below  is  an  example  oSMD
Ground
Input
Output
Applications
f  Nokia  
These charger  
devices (BF1509):  
are also constant output voltage in universal AC input.
available as
parts, typically in a SOT-89 package.
Protection
Built-in Leading Edge Blanking (LEB)
Cycle-by-Cycle Current Limiting
Be sure to check the data sheets though, as
FIGURE 11.4   Cell Phone Charger
these parts often have a
VDD Under Voltage Lockout with Hysteresis (UVLO)
lower maximum
Low Power Adaptor SOT23-6 Package
r Auxiliary Power for PC, TVoutput
etc. current than their through-hole
11-ch11.indd 704 LED Driver siblings.
Check out the catalogs to see what is
Typical application
pec available.

-264VAC

600mA

—5.25V

--800mA

0mW
11-ch11.indd 701 12/6/12 3:14 PM

70%

50mV
Datasheet TS-POM-PD-0035 Rev.A/1 Page 1 of 7

BF1509
Total shipments in 2011 about
  10 million.

 
 
 
 
 
 

  3  
III. Experiment  
Exp_1:  Measure  AC  voltage  of  transformer:  

    Measure  the  Vpp/2  between  6V-­‐6V  leads  of  the  transformer  with  oscilloscope,  and  then  

measure  the  VAC  value  with  multimeter.  

Exp_2:  Diode  rectifiers  and  filter  capacitor  

    Build  following  three  circuits  with  diode  1N4001  or  1N4002.  Measure  the  Vpp,  Vdc  (with  

and  without  capacitor)  and  frequency  of  output  voltage.  

1. Half-­‐wave  rectifiers  

 
2. Full-­‐wave  center-­‐tap  rectifiers  

3. Full-­‐wave  bridge  rectifiers  

Questions:  

1. In  Exp_1,  why  the  value  Vpp/2  and  VAC  are  different?  

2. What  will  happen  if  we  disconnect  center  tap  in  full-­‐wave  center-­‐tap  rectifiers?  Why?  

3. FINAL  REPORT  question:  (choose  one  question  in  final  report)  

a. Please  introduce  the  linear  voltage  regulator  and  ICs  LM78XX,  LM317.  

b. Please  introduce  SMPS.  (ICs:  LM2575  or  UC3842B)  

  4  

Anda mungkin juga menyukai