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Urban Poverty Alleviation

Present scenario

Cities are expanding because of the growing number of people migrating from rural background to the urban Fabric in
search of better employment, infrastructure facilities and a better Lifestyle. We can easily find very poor people in
Greater numbers in cities rather than in rural areas. Most of them are unskilled farmers and landless labors who come
to cities for better job opportunities and livelihood. But in cities they are Deprived of social standards as well as physical
infrastructure because of their lack of education and knowledge which leads to more unskilled labor without any
habitation which further leads to informal settlements and slums mostly near government places which are reserved
for public use like, near the stretch of railway track of any city, road Footpath, commercial areas, etc. they work for
comparatively lower wages because of their status of skillset and suffer many vulnerabilities, Which include unhygienic
health conditions, unsafe living environment and low standard of living. They even are not given the fundamental
facilities because they are migrants of other state without any document supporting their cause and need. Government
has taken measures on time to time basis to alleviate the poverty of urban areas.

Reasons for Migration:

Urban planning in poverty alleviation

Deen Dayal antyodaya Yojana-NULM (2013)


Objective
 Focus on the primary issues pertaining to urban poverty such as imparting skill training, enabling
entrepreneurship develop, providing wage employment and self-employment opportunities to the urban
poor.
 Addressing the livelihood concerns of urban poor including urban homeless.
Targeted beneficiaries

 Urban poor-Street vendors, slum dwellers, Homeless, Rag pickers


 Unemployed
 Differently abled
Sailent features

 It replaces the existing Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana.


 Organizing urban poor in self-help group (SHG)
 Creating opportunities for skill development for urban poor leading to market based employment
 Providing shelter equipped with essential services in phased manners two urban poor including urban
homeless.
 All the states and union territories have been empowered to implement DAY-NULM in all the remaining
3250 statuary urban local bodies even if they have a population of less than one lakh each.

Street vendors act (2014)


Objective:

 Protection of livelihoods rights, social security of street vendors.


 Regulation of urban street vending in the country through demarcation of vending zones, conditions for and
restrictions on street vending.
Targeted beneficiaries- street vendors in general urban population in particular
Salient features

 A town vending authority is each local authority, for implementing the provisions of the bill.
 Town vending committee to ensure participatory decision making.
 The local authority cell in consultation with the planning authority, frame a street vending plan once every 5
years.
 Town vending committee (TVC)
a) Comprises of municipal commissioner, representatives of street vendors, local authority, planning
authority, police, resident welfare association and other traders association.
b) Is required to have presentation of officials and non-officials and street vendors. It has been provided
that 40 % members of the TVC will be from among street vendors to be selected through election.
 Any person intending to undertake street vending needs to register with the town vending committee
Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (2015)
Objective

 To construct 2 crore houses across the nation


 To cover the entire urban area consisting of 4041 statutory towns with initial focus on 500 class 1 cities.
Targeted beneficiaries

 Poor people below poverty line and people living under EWS and LIG categories in urban establishment of
the country.
 People under MIG income range between 12 lakh to 18 lakh
Salient features

 Ownership of houses will be in the name of women for jointly with husband.
 Flexibility to States for choosing best option to meet the demand of housing in their states.
 Central grant of rupees 1lakh for house, on an average will be available under the slum rehabilitation
program.
 Phases of implementation
a) First Phase (April-2015 to March 2017) to cover 100 cities to be selected from States/ union territories as
per their willingness.
b) Second phase (April 2017 to March 2019) to cover additional 200 cities.
c) Third phase (April 2019 to March 2022) to cover all other remaining cities
 Geo tagging for monitoring the process of construction of houses. Public financial management system
(PFMS) to ensure electronic fund flow and Technology submission to implement new construction
technology, have been introduced.
 Government has also sanctioned infrastructure status for the housing sector, giving a boost to PMAY.
 PMAY is launched to achieve housing for all by 2022

Steps for providing a better livelihood habitat


Affordable housing:
Land pooling-for creating land bags will be done with Income
the coordination of owners of land and the authority
responsible for land pooling.
Administration and regulatory bodies for conversion by Food
state government, allow more FAR and FSI, density
norms. Which requires more infrastructure that to be
provided by central government.
Statuory bodies like BMTPC under NBO will provide
cost-friendly, environmental sensitive, earthquake
resistance technologies. House
Child education

safety
Better living condition

Social security program


Livelihood opportunity

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