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first per
The position paper must be written in the Answer point of view.

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True or False: Weaknesses of the argument must be concealed and downplayed while its
strengths must be put into the spotlight.
false
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The writer is aware of the dire consequences of divorce. But which of the following is not an
advantage in passing the divorce law in the Philippines?
Select one:
a. The passing of the divorce law will protect battered wives or husbands from their abusive
partners
b. The passing of the divorce law will deviate the existing sexual hierarchy and the presumed
dominance of the male spouse in the family
c. The passing of the divorce law will reflect a progressive Philippines, free from the hold of
religion and tradition
d. The passing of the divorce law will encourage more to speak up in face of a difficult
marriage and have it as an easy escape

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According to the article, which of the following is not the duty of a husband in a marriage?
Select one:
a. render services in the home
b. provide the family with the basic amenities such as food, clothing and shelter
c. support the wife

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True or False. If the statement is true, write the word True. If False, write False and
replace the underlined word with the correct term. Note that the system accepts an exact
answer. Wrong spelling is considered wrong.

For example:

Q: Whales are reptiles.

A: False - mammals

The clear description of the research topic may be written at the last part of your concept paper
but most importantly, it must appear in the heading of the paper.

false - Title in the form of a question

Answer:

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True or False. If the statement is true, write the word True. If False, write False and
replace the underlined word with the correct term. Note that the system accepts an exact
answer. Wrong spelling is considered wrong.

For example:

Q: Whales are reptiles.

A: False - mammals

Your concept paper begins with a general knowledge of the topic based on your experiences.

true
Answer:

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True or False: Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if it's incorrect.

A position paper need not be creative. It must strictly focus on facts and base the opinions on
previous literature and studies done on a particular topic and nothing more.

false
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Executi
Answer is a stand-alone statement that can summarize the overall idea of the paper.

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True or False: Type TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if it's incorrect.

Your position paper must remain persuasive.

true
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True or False: The children would be pessimistic in thinking about their future and even their
own future marriages as a result of divorce.
true
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True or False. If the statement is true, write the word True. If False, write False and
replace the underlined word with the correct term. Note that the system accepts an exact
answer. Wrong spelling is considered wrong.

For example:
Q: Whales are reptiles.
A: False - mammals

The summary is a stand-alone statement that can summarize the overall idea of the paper.

true
Answer:

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thesis s
The Answer must be inserted somewhere in the beginning to state the focus and the scope
of all the ideas included in the paper.

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True or False: Type TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if it's incorrect.

The proposed solution introduced in the position paper should be biased and unique.

true
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timeline
The Answer gives the ideal timeframe for the whole process to serve as a guide for the
researcher.

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True or False: Type TRUE if the statement is correct. If it's incorrect, type FALSE.

The use of emotional terms in presenting your opinion on a given topic will further strengthen
your argument.

false
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Goal st
The Answer states the intention and objectives of a particular concept paper.

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True or False: A position paper must adhere to the rules of style and usage.
true
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True or False: A couple is not only the most intimate of all social relationships but it is also the
most unstable.
true
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True or False: Indirectly related information may be inserted as supporting sources as long as
they are still related to the argument.
true
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What is the author’s proposed resolution to the ongoing debate regarding divorce law?
Select one:
a. settle for a compromise regarding the passage of divorce law in the country
b. focus on creating preventive measures leading to divorce
c. create a dedicated organization to deal with the issues leading to divorce
d. follow the stream of modernity

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Question text

True or False. If the statement is true, write the word True. If False, write False and
replace the underlined word with the correct term. Note that the system accepts an exact
answer. Wrong spelling is considered wrong.

For example:

Q: Whales are reptiles.

A: False - mammals

The bibliography would serve as a synthesis of all the resources cited within the paper.

False - concluding paragraph

Answer:

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Resear
The concept paper may include the Answer that the writer/researcher must answer during
the course of the research.

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True or False. If the statement is true, write the word True. If False, write False and
replace the underlined word with the correct term. Note that the system accepts an exact
answer. Wrong spelling is considered wrong.

For example:

Q: Whales are reptiles.

A: False - mammals

Unfamiliar concepts must be described and explained immediately to make the point of
including that information in the paper clear to the reader.

true
Answer:

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True or False: Type TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if it's incorrect.

A position paper, despite its nature of presenting an argument, must be based on facts and void
of errors.

true
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position
A Answer generally presents one side of an arguable opinion about an issue.

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True or False: A good position paper is determined by its length and the quantity of its sources.
true
Answer:

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True or False: The first part of the concept paper begins with the specific idea that needs to be
elaborated on in the paper.
false
Answer:

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True or False: The writer of a position paper must avoid admitting unclear interpretations made
in his or her research.
true
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Why are women most commonly at the worse end of a divorce?

Select one:
a. insufficient compensation from spouses
b. they can't find a suitable job for their skills
c. they have difficulty adjusting to a new lifestyle of living solo

Question 30

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In the position paper at the beginning of the test, was the author in favor of the passage of the
divorce law in the Philippines?
Select one:
a. The article did not say so
b. Yes
c. No

WEEK:14
Started on Sunday, 15 October 2017, 7:28 PM

State Finished

Completed on Sunday, 15 October 2017, 7:32 PM

Time taken 4 mins 6 secs

Grade 5.00 out of 5.00 (100%)

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In the sample position paper, which of the following is not a measure in stopping gender violence in
Denmark?

Select one:
a. incorporate professional, medical and psychological staff into the rehabilitation process.
b. children must be taught at an early age to value the rights of women
c. have the citizens simulate the effects of gender violence in order for them to be aware of its
harmful effects on a person
d. coordinated campaign education for the population on the various ways women were targeted

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True or False: The committee cannot impose sanctions on violations against human rights but it can
pass resolutions verbally condemning states that commit human rights violations.

true
Answer:

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Compa
Answer writing seeks to find the relations between two points by identifying their similarities
and differences.

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 Constru
Answer writing considers the lesser directly concerned questions with pre-existing
arguments.

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According to the 2003 annual report, were there human rights violations against Danish women?

Select one:
a. yes
b. none
c. the article did not say
WEEK:
15
WEEK:16

Started on Wednesday, 11 October 2017, 8:57 PM

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Time taken 4 mins

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Stratifie
Answer is a method that is suited for a population that can be divided into non-
overlapping groups in the analysis of data.

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Question text

sampli
The Answer encountered depend on the size of the sample.

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sample
Answer refers to a subgroup from a larger group called population.

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probab
Answer is a type of sampling wherein members wherein members of a population are
given equal chance to be selected as sample for the study.

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volunta
Answer is a type of non-probability sampling that enables people from the population to
volunteer as respondents for the study.
 Started on Wednesday, 11 October 2017, 9:03 PM

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on

Time taken 5 mins 55 secs

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Answer Self-ad is a type of questionnaire that is sent to the
respondent through postal service.
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Answer Pre-tes is an effective way of assessing the
effectiveness of the set of questions prepared by the
researcher/s.
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Answer sampli is a process used in statistical analysis in which
a predetermined number of observations are taken from a
larger population.
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Answer Face-to is the type of administration method is done
personally by the researcher.
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Answer System employs two factors: chance and system as
conditions for the mebers of the population to become a part
of the sample.
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Answer Purpos is a type of sampling wherein the researcher
himself chooses the people who are qualified to respond to
the objectives of his/her study.
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Answer Quota S assumes that the researcher knows his target
population and its characteristics. Choosing members of the
sample using this method is limited to a specific number of
persons.
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A Answer questio is a working document that presents
questions as well as the place and space for recording the
answers.
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 Answer Cluster is the type of sampling where the researcher
selects groups or clusters and from each group/cluster, the
researcher may select individual respondents through
simple random or systematic random sampling.
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Answer Snowb is the method used when the researcher's
respondents are groups that reside in a place where you
cannot exactly reach.

WEEK:17
WEEK 17 L.A 9
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survey
Answer is the most cost-effective method of gathering needed date for a study.

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Close-e
Answer are already set for tabulation as there is a pre-prepared list of responses for the respondents to choose from.

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True or False: The text is primary, the figures used are secondary in the presentation of results/findings.

true
Answer:

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Talking
Answer is a type of heading that presents a certain point of view.

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SHORT QUIZ

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True or False: It is still deemed appropriate to mix both systems of numbering in preparing your headings.

Answer:
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binary r
Answer refer to the type of response with only two possible answers.

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True or False: Inclusion of page numbers is one of the things to be checked in proofreading a report.

true
Answer:

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tabulati
The Answer involves the counting of responses in which the researcher wants to know how
many (or what percentage of) respondents selected each possible response choice.

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multiple
Answer enables the respondent to choose more than one choice out of all possible choices
or one that says "all that apply."

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The total percentage of all the categories for single select questions must be

100%
Answer:

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rating s
Answer require the respondents to rate their level of agreement or satisfaction from 1 to any
bounded range.

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single s
Answer question is a type of question wherein the respondents are asked to pick only one out
of a fixed set of questions.

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open-e
Responses gathered from Answer must be coded before tabulation.

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coding
Answer is the process of classifying responses, counting them, and using a code or number
to represent the value or significance of each answer.

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Which of the following is not one of the four possible structurally appropriate reporting forms:

Select one:
a. From interviews [source], they [finding]
b. The survey [source] shows that [finding]
c. It can be seen [writer’s voice/comment] from the survey [source] that [finding]
d. The majority [finding], as can be seen from the responses to a question about... [source]
WEEK:18
WEEK:19
Started on Friday, 20 October 2017, 9:44 PM

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Completed on Friday, 20 October 2017, 10:20 PM

Time taken 35 mins 22 secs

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last
It is recommended that the abstract be written Answer because by then, you'd know what
points to highlight and what details to omit.

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The recommendation provides suggestions for the improvement of the discussion that are "specific,
measu
achievable and Answer ."

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In the position paper at the beginning of the test, was the author in favor of the passage of the
divorce law in the Philippines?

Select one:
a. No
b. The article did not say so
c. Yes

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Intervie
Answer give the detailed account of a person's knowledge on the topic or his/her experience
that is not written on any research.

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Face-to
Answer is the type of administration method is done personally by the researcher.

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True or False: A position paper must answer specific questions vital in presenting your argument.

true
Answer:

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necess
The concept paper may include the Answer that the writer/researcher must answer during the
course of the research.

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results
The Answer section shows the findings of the research done by the researcher by following
the methods.

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Which of the following is not one of the four possible structurally appropriate reporting forms:

Select one:
a. The majority [finding], as can be seen from the responses to a question about... [source]
b. It can be seen [writer’s voice/comment] from the survey [source] that [finding]
c. From interviews [source], they [finding]
d. The survey [source] shows that [finding]

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True or False: It is not important to name your figures in the presentation of findings. It is enough to
describe them as accurately and objectively as possible.

false
Answer:

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report
A Answer is a short, sharp, concise document which is written for a particular purpose and
audience.

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 outlinin
Answer plays an important part in writing a report as these are commonly written in sections
with headings and sub-headings.

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introdu
The Answer opens the report and gives a brief description of the problem or topic at hand.

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According to the article, which of the following is not the duty of a husband in a marriage?

Select one:
a. provide the family with the basic amenities such as food, clothing and shelter
b. support the wife
c. render services in the home

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informa
Answer serve as sources of information that will help you study an entire population to gain
insight to its society.

Question 16
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intervie
An Answer is a question-and-answer activity between the researcher and the respondent for
the purpose of knowing what the respondent thinks and feels about the subject of the research
study.

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Single
Answer question is a type of question wherein the respondents are asked to pick only one out
of a fixed set of questions.

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brief
One tip in writing a report is to know your Answer .

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Rating
Answer require the respondents to rate their level of agreement or satisfaction from 1 to any
bounded range.

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Autono
Answer is an ethical principle in conducting a survey that reminds the researcher to respect
the opinions and position of the respondents in a certain issue.

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The established organization that will oversee uniformity in the preventative measures in all APEC
countries.

APEC Avian Influenza Prevention Agency

Answer:

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Confide
Answer is one rule in conducting surveys wherein the researcher must be aware of what
information must be kept private and public.

Question 23
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Why are women most commonly at the worse end of a divorce?

Select one:
a. they have difficulty adjusting to a new lifestyle of living solo
b. they can't find a suitable job for their skills
c. insufficient compensation from spouses

Question 24
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jargons
One important tip in writing a report is to avoid using Answer or terms that are widely
unfamiliar to your readers.

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True or False: The writer of a position paper must avoid admitting unclear interpretations made in his
or her research.

true
Answer:

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Genera
One strength of survey is Answer that is shown by the ability to get a specific group of people
to answer to a particular issue.

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Questio
A Answer is a working document that presents questions as well as the place and space for
recording the answers.

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Which of the following is not a preventative measure taken by the Republic of China in preventing
the spread of influenza in their country?

Select one:
a. conducting wide research on the cause of the influenza
b. testing of vaccines
c. discovering effective culling practices
d. testing surveillance capacities

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position
A Answer generally presents one side of an arguable opinion about an issue.

Question 30
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coding
Answer questions are basically data that contain single words or phrases that can be
consolidated to allow for spelling and/or other minor variations.

WEEK:20
EAPP-111 / ►Week 20. Second Quarter Exam / ►Second Quarter Exam

Identify whether the technique used in writing the following passage

is Classification, Cause and Effect, Comparison and
Contrast, Analogy, Definition, Persuasion, Process Description,
or Interpretation.

Study reveals internet can ruin family relationships

Can the Internet be a source of conflicts? A new study from online security
firm says yes, and it does not just affect intimate relationships but family
relationships as well.

Previous researches have revealed that children on average spend six

hours or more glued to the screens of their devices.

Kaspersky Lab and iconKids & Youth researchers surveyed over 3,700
families in seven countries to know about how the internet is affecting their
personal relationship with their children.

One in four of the parents surveyed say that their kids now prefer to go
online rather than talk to them, with one in three parents believing the
internet isolates them from their children. All in all, a fifth of parents and
children say that the internet can cause family tension.

"It is only natural that using—and misusing—each other’s connected

devices can become a cause of conflict for families. However, as we spend
more and more time online, family dynamics are also changing. It is
important that families maintain an ongoing dialogue about how to spot and
respond to potential dangers, with parents and children together agreeing
on the basic rules on how they can best navigate the digital world,” said
Andrei Mochola, head of consumer business at Kaspersky Lab.

The survey also reveals that the problem may be worsened in the following
cases:

If the device used by both parents and children gets broken,

If the device is accidentally infected by a virus while online,

If the parents had to pay for something their child had ordered or
downloaded, and

If the parents had accidentally deleted some of their children's data

Janice Richardson, senior advisor at European Schoolnet, said that

although the internet becomes a source of conflict in some families, siblings
and extended family members take on a much bigger role in children's
online activities.

"Children are instinctively turning to the person they perceive to be able to

fix technical issues, advise on sites and security tools and provide more
objective responses to delicate queries,” Richardson said, citing a recent
study by the Joint Research Center of the European Commission.

She said that given the emerging trend, the importance of parents and
guardians developing their own technical competence and building trusting
relationship with their kids grow.

"At the same time, software and social media providers, too, should seek to
develop more ‘family-friendly’ tools,” Richardson added. — Alixandra Caole
Vila

The correct answer is: Cause and Effect

sampling is a method that is suited for a population that can be divided into
non-overlapping groups in the analysis of data.

The correct answer is: Stratified

questions are basically data that contain single words or phrases that can
be consolidated to allow for spelling and/or other minor variations.

The correct answer is: Short answer

Why are women most commonly at the worse end of a divorce?

The correct answer is: they have difficulty adjusting to a new lifestyle of
living solo

True or False: The telephone survey is the most convenient method of

administering questionnaires to respondents as it does not require the
physical presence of the researcher.

The correct answer is: False

True or False: Non-probability sampling is effective because it eliminates

the researcher's bias.
The correct answer is: False

opens the report and gives a brief description of the problem or topic at
hand.

The correct answer is: introduction

True or False: It is important for the position paper to be persuasive.

The correct answer is: True

is a short, sharp, concise document which is written for a particular purpose

and audience.

The correct answer is: report

plays an important part in writing a report as these are commonly written in

sections with headings and sub-headings.

The correct answer is: Outlining

One tip in writing a report is to know your

The correct answer is: brief

According to the article, which of the following is not the duty of a husband
in a marriage?

The correct answer is: render services in the home

In researching for materials for your position paper, remember to

unfamiliar terms/concepts.

The correct answer is: define

True or False: The researcher must assume that the readers know the
preliminary details about your research since they would not read it if they
do not know what the topic is all about.

is one method in administering questionnaires to respondents that is done

by sending the questionnaire to the respondent through postal service.
The correct answer is: self-administered questionnaire

is vital in helping your reader follow your points and ideas. Connect the
ideas presented and how one argument relates to another.

The correct answer is: Transition

True or False: The statement, "From interviews with students, we can

gather that they are not directly affected..." is considered appropriate
language of reporting results or findings.

The correct answer is: True

A large group which the sample is selected from.

The correct answer is: Population

The results of the data gathering must be : it must be based on actual

data gathered and not swayed or altered by any biased comment or slant.

The correct answer is: objective

True or False: The position paper may present two stands/arguments on

one topic at the most.

The correct answer is: False

True or False: The non-probability sampling method utilizes random

selection of respondents.

The correct answer is: False

A generally presents one side of an arguable opinion about an issue.

The correct answer is: position paper

questions are questions given by the researcher that suggests answers in a

list, consequently limiting the responses of the interviewee.

The correct answer is: Closed

Identify whether the technique used in writing the following passage
is Classification, Cause and Effect, Comparison and
Contrast, Analogy, Definition, Persuasion, Process Description,
or Interpretation.

Harry Potter and the Cursed Child book review: How the script compares to
the Palace Theatre production

by Jack Shepherd (published in Independent)

For every HarryPotter fan, the release of The Cursed Child is a dream
come true. Who thought an eighth part to the Boy-Who-Lived’s story would
actually materialise so soon after the main series finished? However, it
quickly transpired this was going to be no normal book release.

JK Rowling chose to release The Cursed Child as a play, one ‘tailor made
for the stage’ as noted inThe Independent’s five-star review of the Palace
Theatre production. Critics, including myself, were blown away by the
magical performance, Jack Thorne and John Tiffany helping Rowling
create something of immense wonder.

So, how does the script, released to the public in book form, compare to
the theatre production? Is the magic still there? Already, fans have
devoured the story, taking it apart bit by bit, uncovering inconsistencies in
the story telling, particularly regarding a certain time-turner paradox. Could
it have ever lived up to expectations?

Unfortunately, as fantastic as the production was, racing through the script

was never going to compare. Where stage theatrics sparked imaginations,
now there are brief lines quickly explaining huge set-ups; everyone knew
the script couldn’t compete with the stage production, begging the question,
should this have ever been released in this format?

An example of the script being unmeasurable against the production comes

in act one, scene four. It starts with the explanation: “And now we enter a
world of time changing. And this Scene is all about magic.” In these few
pages our hero, Albus Severus Potter, goes from being sorted into a
Hogwarts house in his first year to rushing onto the Express in his third.
Along the way, we’re treated to a brief Quidditch lesson, Great Hall
assembly, and a Potions lesson, but they’re all so brief we hardly get a
flavour of what is actually happening.

On stage, it was one of the play’s greatest scenes; fast pace but with vivid
imagery. If The Cursed Child was perhaps written as a book this could
have been built on but, in these pages, we barely get a taste of these
formative years. It’s so quick, so little is said, readers will race through,
given little direction as what is happening.

Another example comes when the new generation of wizards drink a

Polyjuice Potion. In previous books and on stage, it was utterly hilarious as
Rowling’s heroes transformed, yet, as a script, the scene passes by rapidly,
the humour and magic lost.

Of course, this is the problem with releasing The Cursed Child as a script,
and one we must all be resolute with. For those who are unable to see the
stage play, there’s still a lot to enjoy in the script. Scorpius Malfoy, son of
Draco Malfoy, is the highlight of the script, funny throughout. Meanwhile,
the titular hero, Harry Potter, has evolved into a slightly grumpy father and
one who lacks some basic parenting skills. It’s a natural progression for an
orphan thrown into the spotlight that is interesting and will no doubt anger
some fans.

Without giving too much, the first half is quite innocent, while the second
takes a dark turn thanks to a time-twisting plot that - when read at
a reasonable pace - can be quite confusing, at times reading like fan-
fiction, particularly when cameo when cameo after cameo rolls in.

If you do have the luxury of being able to attend the Palace Theatre
production, I highly recommend it. If you’re unable to do so, perhaps wait
until the inevitable three-part film series comes.

The correct answer is: Interpretation

serve as sources of information that will help you study an entire population
to gain insight to its society.

The correct answer is: Respondents

True or False: Evaluative writing seeks to answer questions like "how are
positions x and y similar and how do they differ?," "What is the relationship
between the arguments for x and y?" and "how do philosophers A and B
compare with respect to their thinking on P?"

The correct answer is: False

A is a working document that presents questions as well as the place

and space for recording the answers.

The correct answer is: questionnaire

True or False: Secondary sources are pieces of information which were

already interpreted by someone other than the original author.

The correct answer is: True

sampling is a type of non-probability sampling which considers the

convenience for the researcher as he or she can choose subjects from
people near him or her who are willing to be respondents for the study.

The correct answer is: Availability

sampling is a method in which the researcher himself chooses people who

are qualified to respond to the objectives of his/her study.

The correct answer is: Purposive

The writer is aware of the dire consequences of divorce. But which of the
following is not an advantage in passing the divorce law in the Philippines?

The correct answer is: The passing of the divorce law will encourage more
to speak up in face of a difficult marriage and have it as an easy escape

Identify whether the technique used in writing the following passage

is Classification, Cause and Effect, Comparison and
Contrast, Analogy, Definition, Persuasion, Process Description,
or Interpretation.

WoundClot: The Science Behind Faster Healing

by UP Materials Science Society

It's Wisdom Wednesday!

Do you know what WoundClot does?

The WoundClot Gauze, is a single use, sterile, and bioabsorbable medical

device that is fabricated to suit a variety of wounds. It is made from
cellulose with a molecular structure designed to entrap platelets and
coagulants in a modified physical molecular matrix, specifically designed to
create this hemodynamic polymer membrane, with high adherence and
resilience, able to withhold massive blood pressure and restrict blood flow
almost immediately.

The ability to adhere to a bleeding wound reduces the amount of pressure

needed in order to stop bleeding, thus preventing unnecessary damage the
body caused by excessive pressure, or infection caused by prolonged
contact with the wound. Next, platelets from the injury attach to the gauze
by inter-molecular forces to form a stable membrane, which is able to
withstand severe arterial and venous blood flow for hours.

At the same time, specifically designed molecular functional groups

transform to enhance and activate the natural coagulation process.
Coagulation is a complex chain reaction, where different elements are
motivated into action, conditioned from other reactions.

Specific molecular groups, created in the manufacturing process, are then

dispersed during gel formation to activate various coagulation factors in the
blood, thus helping to form a physiologically natural fibrin clot in the wound.
The ability to influence these reactions speeds the whole coagulation
process.

After bleeding has stopped, the remaining residual membrane can be

irrigated out of the wound safely without pulling on soft tissue or the
existing clot. WoundClot is designed to maintain its integrity through
polymeric chains, specifically designed to interact with water molecules to
form a physical cross linked network, which is manageable and natural.

The correct answer is: Definition

A rule in conducting surveys that requires the researcher to commit to the

promise of keeping confidential information strictly private.

The correct answer is: Fidelity

An is a question-and-answer activity between the researcher and the

respondent for the purpose of knowing what the respondent thinks and
feels about the subject of the research study.

The correct answer is: interview

Which of the following is not a strategy in effectively analyzing gathered

data for the research?

The correct answer is: What do people think of the researcher's take on the
topic?
is a variable in a concept paper which gives the focus and purpose of the
paper. The researcher introduces the concept at hand and its importance in
this part.

The correct answer is: Statement of the problem

True or False: Concept paper may take a stand on the discussed topic.

The correct answer is: False

The recommendation provides suggestions for the improvement of the

discussion that are "specific, achievable and

The correct answer is: measurable

Identify whether the technique used in writing the following passage

is Classification, Cause and Effect, Comparison and
Contrast, Analogy, Definition, Persuasion, Process Description,
or Interpretation.

The Decay of Friendship

from The Idler, Number 23, September 23, 1758

by Samuel Johnson (1709-1784)

Life has no pleasure higher or nobler than that of friendship. It is painful to

consider that this sublime enjoyment may be impaired or destroyed by
innumerable causes, and that there is no human possession of which the
duration is less certain.

Many have talked in very exalted language, of the perpetuity of friendship,

of invincible constancy, and unalienable kindness; and some examples
have been seen of men who have continued faithful to their earliest choice,
and whose affection has predominated over changes of fortune, and
contrariety of opinion.
But these instances are memorable, because they are rare. The friendship
which is to be practiced or expected by common mortals, must take its rise
from mutual pleasure, and must end when the power ceases of delighting
each other.

Many accidents therefore may happen by which the ardor of kindness will
be abated, without criminal baseness or contemptible inconstancy on either
part. To give pleasure is not always in our power; and little does he know
himself who believes that he can be always able to receive it.

Those who would gladly pass their days together may be separated by the
different course of their affairs; and friendship, like love, is destroyed by
long absence, though it may be increased by short intermissions. What we
have missed long enough to want it, we value more when it is regained; but
that which has been lost till it is forgotten, will be found at last with little
gladness, and with still less if a substitute has supplied the place. A man
deprived of the companion to whom he used to open his bosom, and with
whom he shared the hours of leisure and merriment, feels the day at first
hanging heavy on him; his difficulties oppress, and his doubts distract him;
he sees time come and go without his wonted gratification, and all is
sadness within, and solitude about him. But this uneasiness never lasts
long; necessity produces expedients, new amusements are discovered,
and new conversation is admitted.

No expectation is more frequently disappointed, than that which naturally

arises in the mind from the prospect of meeting an old friend after long
separation. We expect the attraction to be revived, and the coalition to be
renewed; no man considers how much alteration time has made in himself,
and very few inquire what effect it has had upon others. The first hour
convinces them that the pleasure which they have formerly enjoyed, is
forever at an end; different scenes have made different impressions; the
opinions of both are changed; and that similitude of manners and sentiment
is lost which confirmed them both in the approbation of themselves.

Friendship is often destroyed by opposition of interest, not only by the

ponderous and visible interest which the desire of wealth and greatness
forms and maintains, but by a thousand secret and slight competitions,
scarcely known to the mind upon which they operate. There is scarcely any
man without some favorite trifle which he values above greater attainments,
some desire of petty praise which he cannot patiently suffer to be
frustrated. This minute ambition is sometimes crossed before it is known,
and sometimes defeated by wanton petulance; but such attacks are seldom
made without the loss of friendship; for whoever has once found the
vulnerable part will always be feared, and the resentment will burn on in
secret, of which shame hinders the discovery.

This, however, is a slow malignity, which a wise man will obviate as

inconsistent with quiet, and a good man will repress as contrary to virtue;
but human happiness is sometimes violated by some more sudden strokes.

A dispute begun in jest upon a subject which a moment before was on both
parts regarded with careless indifference, is continued by the desire of
conquest, till vanity kindles into rage, and opposition rankles into enmity.
Against this hasty mischief, I know not what security can be obtained; men
will be sometimes surprised into quarrels; and though they might both
haste into reconciliation, as soon as their tumult had subsided, yet two
minds will seldom be found together, which can at once subdue their
discontent, or immediately enjoy the sweets of peace without remembering
the wounds of the conflict.

Friendship has other enemies. Suspicion is always hardening the cautious,

and disgust repelling the delicate. Very slender differences will sometimes
part those whom long reciprocation of civility or beneficence has united.
Lonelove and Ranger retired into the country to enjoy the company of each
other, and returned in six weeks, cold and petulant; Ranger's pleasure was
to walk in the fields, and Lonelove's to sit in a bower; each had complied
with the other in his turn, and each was angry that compliance had been
exacted.

The most fatal disease of friendship is gradual decay, or dislike hourly

increased by causes too slender for complaint, and too numerous for
removal. Those who are angry may be reconciled; those who have been
injured may receive a recompense: but when the desire of pleasing and
willingness to be pleased is silently diminished, the renovation of friendship
is hopeless; as, when the vital powers sink into languor, there is no longer
any use of the physician.

The correct answer is: Cause and Effect

The section shows the findings of the research done by the researcher
by following the methods.

The correct answer is: results

True or False: You may quote anyone as a supporting evidence or fact to

your research/study.

The correct answer is: False

Identify whether the technique used in writing the following passage

is Classification, Cause and Effect, Comparison and
Contrast, Analogy, Definition, Persuasion, Process Description,
or Interpretation.

21st Century Philippine Writing

by Danton Remoto (May 30, 2015)

Philippine writing in the 21st century has taken a new turn. The works are
seen as sensitive to gender, alludes to technology, show culture as plural
rather than singular, and questions conventions and supposedly absolute
norms.

Writing by women continues to flourish. They have a feminist stance that

questions the centrality of the patriarchy (male-centered
viewpoints). Forbidden Fruit: Women Write the Erotic edited by Tina
Cuyugan and Kung Ibig Mo, love poems edited by Joi Barrios show that a
woman’s map of dreams and desires is better drawn by a woman writer
herself. Gone were the days when female characters only came from the
imagination – or fantasy – of men.
Lesbian and gay writing continue to be written. Neil Garcia and I have just
published The Best of Ladlad. My other books include Bright, Catholic –
and Gay: Essays and Rampa: Mga Sanaysay, while coming soon is a
book of stories and essays called Happy Na, Gay, Pa.

Technology is also an important part of this literature, centered on the rise

of the city and anchored on globalization. The economic boom, albeit
benefiting only the elite, has led to the opening of the Philippines to diverse
economic interests. Writings on Filipinos abroad and of Filipinos abroad
also add to this more cosmopolitan, if not more consumerist, attitude of the
21st-century Filipino.

Moreover, writings from the regions have served notice that “imperial
Manila” is no longer the only fountain of ideas. We have to thank Ateneo de
Naga Publishing House, National Commission on Culture and the Arts, UP
Press, and University of San Agustin Publishing House, among others. The
Don Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards in Literature has opened its
magisterial doors to writing from the regions. Ateneo de Manila University
Press and UST Publishing House are both in fine form, publishing
important works from Katipunan and Espana.

Nowadays, writers are no longer made to feel guilty if they write in English.
In true subversive fashion, they now write not just in English or Filipino but
in both languages. Some books show poems printed enface: one side in
English, the other in Filipino. The twains have met, and you can no longer
detect which is written first, and which is the translation, for there is equal
facility and fluency in both. This recalls the verbal legerdemain of
our ladino poets in the 17th century.

Moreover, Marjorie Evasco has been translating her poems in English into
Cebuano, J. Iremil Teodoro writes lyrical stories in Kinaray-a and translates
them into English, Peter Nery slides from English to Hiligaynon in his erotic
poems, Kristian Cordero and Victor Nierva write works in Bicolano and in
the next breath, translate them into elegant English. Surely, the vessels
that contain Philippine literature are no longer one, or two, or even three,
but as many as the different languages in our archipelago.
What about the English being written? Trinidad Tarrosa Subido coined the
phrase “language if [our] blood.” Dr. Gemino H. Abad has used it as
framework in his three anthologies on Philippine poetry in English. He said
that we have colonized English and have made it our own, and the poems
are now “wrought from English.”

It is no longer the very proper English from the old textbooks, or the
Americanese in books copyrighted in New York. It is now a language
filtered by our regional languages and by mass media – printed, seen,
broadcast – as well as shaped by social media, by the fragmentation of text
language, by sound bites, anime, graphic novels, and cosplays (costume
plays).

In 1995, the Philippine Studies journal of Ateneo de Manila University

published New Philippine Writing,which was edited by Professor Emmanuel
Torres and I. Prof. Torres said: “An alternative poetics is at work. . . . Form
is more open-ended than closed, looser, more improvisatory; the tone
conversational, informal. And no one seems to think twice about making
explicit statements in the name of personal passion or liberation. Despite
the rise of ‘cause-oriented’ writing, formal matters of craft in no way seem
endangered, thanks to the influence of writing workshops in leading
universities.”

Prof. Torres continues: “The popularity of poetry readings [and now open
mike readings even by non-poets, for good or for bad] on campuses and in
writer-friendly coffeehouses is partly the reason for the current taste for the
laid-back and discursive. Apparently being revived is the tradition of the
poet as bard, one communally interactive and inclined to addressing the
sound-world of a poem to a roomful of listeners rather than one crafting
lines intended solely for the book page and the solitary reader. . . .”

Thus, we no longer find a poem about a poem; or a poem with Greek or

Roman allusions; or a story set in Greenwich Village. There is now a
certain historicity; allusions to Philippine myth and fable, lore and legend;
astringent satires of popular culture and political foibles. Anglo-American
writers are still being read, but now they are hyphenated and seem like
dispatches from the global village. Works, in translation, of African, Asian,
and Latin American writers are being devoured. There is the shock of
recognition in reading about postcolonial experiences similar to ours, and
fears and dreams coming from the same socio-political conditions.

The internet has also made the Filipino writer less insular or old-fashioned.
Bob Ong started a blog, “Bobong Pinoy” and parlayed it into bestselling
books. Other blogs have become popular books and even box-office-hit
movies, i.e., Ang Diary ng Panget. Celebrities are now supposedly writing,
while radio anchors are turning their zany scripts into books. Senator
Miriam Defensor Santiago’s book, Stupid isForever, is the doyenne of them
all: it has been the bestselling book since December.

Pimply teenagers can upload their stories in Wattpad, watch them viewed
15 million times, and now get contracts for a TV series or a romance film.
Ghost stories are selling, and so do children’s books and graphic novels.
Young-adult novels are being written, for a generation on the run (or eyes
glued to their gadgets). I have done a controversial – and bestselling –
translation of Greene’s The Fault in Our Starsand Anvil will publish my
translation of Marivi Soliven’s novel, The Mango Bride.

The Filipino public has begun to read – and we are all the better for it.

The correct answer is: Comparison and Contrast

is a method of gathering data that aims to get the stand or opinion of a

selected group of people regarding various issues, that will affect a society.

The correct answer is: Survey

The must be inserted somewhere in the beginning to state the focus and
the scope of all the ideas included in the paper.

The correct answer is: thesis statement

One important tip in writing a report is to avoid using or terms that are
widely unfamiliar to your readers.

The correct answer is: jargons

A is an irregularity in the selection arising from the difference between
the sample and the population that resulted from random sampling.

The correct answer is: sampling error

sampling is a method wherein the researcher may select for individual

respondents through simple random or systematic random sampling from a
chosen group.

The correct answer is: Cluster

True or False: The researcher may choose to reveal the specific details of
his/her study to the interviewee to make him/her better understand what
he/she'll participate in.

The correct answer is: False

used on a concept paper are usually based on theory, past research,

experience and need. These will keep the writer on track to the goal,
focusing mainly on the problem of the research.

The correct answer is: Research questions

True or False: The concept paper used for research acts as a proposal
wherein it serves as a foundation for the whole research process.

The correct answer is: True

True or False: It is not important to name your figures in the presentation of

findings. It is enough to describe them as accurately and objectively as
possible.

The correct answer is: False

Identify whether the technique used in writing the following passage

is Classification, Cause and Effect, Comparison and
Contrast, Analogy, Definition, Persuasion, Process Description,
or Interpretation.
How they make pancakes in Osaka

by Elfren S. Cruz (August 4, 2016)

A marriage of a pancake and an omelet is a beautiful thing — two breakfast

favorites grilled to juiciness and served piping hot.

In Japan, they call this delicious hybrid okonomiyaki, the “scrambled”

version of which originated from Osaka. It is prepared like a pancake and
served with okonomiyaki sauce, seaweed flakes, bonito flakes, Japanese
mayo, and pickled ginger.

One of the original okonomiyaki restaurants in Osaka, Chibo Okonomiyaki,

is now in Manila at S Maison in the newly opened Conrad
Hotel. Okonomiyaki shops abound in Osaka, but Chibo is one of the oldest,
dating back to 1973. They pride themselves on delivering the same
original okonomiyaki taste consistently across all its branches around the
world. Even visitors from Japan looking for something to eat that reminds
them of home say that Chibo Okonomiyaki in Manila is up to their
standards.

Imagine this: you are in a room (they call it the Presidential Room),
engulfed in smoke while you watch the Chibo chef chop, toss, whisk, and
press an okonomiyaki into shape, carefully creating a nice, thin crust. It
resists your bite but the center — composed of anything you like, anything
at all, because Chibo Okonomiyaki has a variant for all tastes — melts in
your mouth.

Chef Akihiro, who is from Osaka and therefore versed in the art of creating
these savory pancakes, creates several different dishes for us, while Kenji
Komuro and David Guevarra, operations manager, share the dish’s origins
and how they create the same okonomiyaki flavor in Manila. They bring
most ingredients from Japan, while some they create. The batter and the
sauce are key and must be consistent. As for what’s inside the pancake,
their menu has more choices than you can handle.

Chef served us a really complex-looking one, topped with unsweetened

meringue and a flattened crab crown — the Shirayukihime or “Snow White
Princess,” an extra-soft okonomiyaki with prawn, bacon, pork, tomato,
avocado and cheese. Kenji says it’s so pretty some guests like to order it
during birthdays, in lieu of cake. Well, happy birthday to me. It’s delicious.

The correct answer is: Process Description

Identify whether the technique used in writing the following passage

is Classification, Cause and Effect, Comparison and
Contrast, Analogy, Definition, Persuasion, Process Description,
or Interpretation.

Should We Pay?

Many issues have been plaguing the sports world recently, especially the
question of paying college athletes. Are athletics so important that colleges
need to put out millions of dollars per year just to pay for students to play
for them? Paying college athletes is like throwing a lit match into a
haystack: once the fire is started, it just keeps burning, making a bad
situation worse.

There are several differences between the haystack and paying athletes.
To start,

throwing a needle in a haystack is a totally negative concept; everything will

burn. However, with paying college athletes, some people can find reasons
why this could be a positive thing. For instance, some believe paying
athletes will bring more competition to the table and make some colleges
much more prestigious than others. Others say this will bring in more
money and more revenue. A second difference is the end of the situation.
At the end of the fire, there is smoke and it will eventually put itself out.
However, this is an issue that cannot extinguish itself. No matter what the
verdict, someone is going to be unhappy and the "fire" will keep burning.

Despite these differences there are many similarities between the two. One
similarity is the haystack going up in flames and the whole educational
system going up. If we pay our college athletes the focus will be more on
the money than on learning.

College is supposed to prepare a student for life's work through learning,

not be life's work. College sports will also become more like professional
sports- all about the money and less about the love of the sport. Related to
this is the issue of scholarships. Are scholarships not enough pay for the
student? And who decides how much money each player receives? Will it
depend on how good the player is, what sport they play, what position they
are?

Another similarity has to deal with going up in flames. By throwing one little
lit match into that haystack, the whole thing goes up. Just by paying college
athletes many other issues arise. Yes, paying athletes may bring in more
revenue, but how much of that will actually go back to the college or
institution? Another issue that comes up is the fairness to other students.
Young athletes already receive many things that non- athletes do not. Not
only do they have the opportunity to travel and stay overnight in the best
hotels, they also get special treatments away from the sport. Some athletes
may receive special attention from certain professors or even people
throughout the town in which the college is located.

A third similarity between the burning haystack and paying athletes is the
rate at which things will "burn". The haystack will burn fast, leaving nothing
behind, and getting bigger and bigger as it goes. The same goes for this
issue. Everyone wants to voice their own opinion about it, snowballing into
a bigger and bigger issue. People will quickly become angry and quick to
defend their side.

Paying college athletes is like throwing a lit match into a haystack: the
educational system and other issues go up in flames and they will occur
very quickly. I believe there are more problems with this idea than there are
good things about it. I find nothing about it to be worth spending millions of
dollars to pay students to play a game. They need to be worrying more
about their studies. This issue will be burning for a long time.

The correct answer is: Analogy

Identify whether the technique used in writing the following passage
is Classification, Cause and Effect, Comparison and
Contrast, Analogy, Definition, Persuasion, Process Description,
or Interpretation.

What happens when a Youtube star writes a book

by Bong Osorio

Since the dawn of the Web and its many versions, numerous Internet
sensations have come and gone, but only a few have sustained and
continue to increase their following. One of them is Felix Kjellberg,
popularly known by his Internet alias “PewDiePie.” He is a 20-something
Swede who has lingered as YouTube’s biggest star since 2013, garnering
over 40 million followers on his channel. This makes him the holder of
the Guinness Book of World Records title for generating the most number
of subscribers of all time. What’s more astounding about his fame is that
his videos have been viewed over 10 billion times but he remains strange
and nameless to most of his audience.

PewDiePie is a social media phenomenon whose popularity emanates

from his one-of-a-kind approach to his video productions, which usually
start off with a shrill declaration of his name before he slides into mocking,
panicky reactions to various games and activities. At the end, he thanks his
“bros” for tuning in. PewDiePie’s fans have multiplied swiftly and become
more pervasive because instant communication facilitates increased word
of mouth.

Following his social media success, PewDiePie ventured into book

publishing and came up with This Book Loves You, now a New York
Times bestseller that is poised to become an international sensation as
well. The tome is an extremely imaginative pictorial collection of direction
and advice manifested in gags and witticisms that lampoons Internet
memes and passages. As he declared, it is a “parody on self-help books”
and is “full of useful quotes.”
This Book Loves You serves up a lot of toilet humor and impassioned
communication. The heftiest improprieties, though, are masked by
intriguing visuals or cheeky figures, while still making the message quite
apparent. The images are caricatures, executed mostly as cartoony
patchworks, and are funny bordering on the ridiculous. Hostility is not a
prevalent theme and the sexual content is manageable. The character of
the opinions listed is ironic and satiric and projects the persona of the
author and the tonality of the message he wants to convey.

What's the narrative?

The book — jokingly or seriously — was a byproduct of the author’s

discovery of his “great wisdom,” or so it seems. He claims that he needs to
share it with a world that desperately needs to read it. His exasperation
with the invariable quotes and memes cluttering social media pushed him
to put together this “first-rate, highly flavored, and optimistic” book.

A fan pic on Twitter inspired him to counter those bothersome memes

with his own take. “I turn these one-liners and quotes upside down by
adding acerbic, smart-alecky, tongue-in-cheek punch lines and colorful,
witty and sometimes irreverent visual supports,” says PewDiePie.

Millennials will surely get some laughs out of this paperback, which
appears superficial and thoughtless on the surface but holds a certain
charm for a specific audience. But knowing that millennials now number in
the millions, who needs breadth and depth? Certainly not PewDiePie.

This Book Loves You provides a window into the wacky mind of one of
YouTube’s best entertainers. Here are samples:

• “My favorite quote? It’s like being asked what my favorite child is. I don’t
have a child.”

• “Money can’t buy you happiness; but it buys you all the things you don’t
have, even friends. I feel sorry for poor people.”

• “Don’t be afraid to say how you feel, because no one is going to care
anyway.”
• “If you can fight your way out of a situation, don’t. You’ll die.”

• “To fly, you must get rid of the things that weigh you down. This is why all
your friends left you.”

• “Don’t sugarcoat everything… you’ll get diabetes.”

• “Impossible is nothing. Doing nothing is easy. So do nothing!”

• “You can’t watch YouTube in prison, so don’t kill anyone.”

• “Running out of money doesn’t count as exercise.”

• “Running away from problems won’t make you skinny.”

• “You can never fail if you never try. So why bother.”

• “You’re not bad, everyone else is just so much better.”

• “You can’t make everyone happy. So focus on making yourself happy so

that maybe one day your happiness will evolve and eat everyone.”

• “Don’t listen to haters. Live your life the way you want to live it.”

• “Keep your friends close, but your enemies closer. Unless you don’t have
any friends, then just sit in a corner and cry.”

• “Don’t worry about your problems. If you end up dead tomorrow, they’ll all
be gone.”

• “Every second you’re closer to oblivion. No quote in the world is going to

change that.”

• “If you can’t beat them, there’s still a good chance to annoy them.”

• “Change your life today, for the worse!”

• “Quotes are the most important thing in the universe, and you should
always take them to heart.”

If you’re dedicated PewDiePie fan you might just love him enough to buy
the book out of support for the phenomenon and his unusual, confusing
and unique approach to book writing. But expecting anything beyond a
momentary laugh might be asking too much.

The correct answer is: Cause and Effect

Identify whether the technique used in writing the following passage

is Classification, Cause and Effect, Comparison and
Contrast, Analogy, Definition, Persuasion, Process Description,
or Interpretation.

Federalism and Democracy

by Elfren S. Cruz (August 4, 2016)

Federalism is a form of government where there is a division of powers

between the national government and the regional governments.
Federalism is said to be particularly suited to democracies especially those
with very large populations or large geographical territories.

It has also been noted that real federalism can exist only in a democracy.
This is because an authoritarian government will always insist on
centralizing powers through a unitary form of government. The second
reason is that the separation of powers must be rooted in constitutionalism
and the rule of law.

All organizations, whether in business or government, reach a certain point

at which there must be a decentralization of powers if it wants to be more
efficient. In a businesss organization, this decentralization comes in the
form of creating regional offices and appointing regional heads. In a
democracy, powers must be delegated to an elected body if there is to be
credibility and popular support from the people. Here is how George
Anderson of the Forum of Federations explains it:

“The Soviet Union, Yugoslavia and Czechoslovakia were not true

federations during the period of Communist rule, even though they had
federal constitutions. All real powers were centralized in the Communist
Party.
The situation was more complex in Latin America. Brazil and Argentina had
periods of military rule at the center, but sometimes allowed relatively free
elections within their states or provinces – particularly during military rule; in
Brazil, the states developed a key role in designing a constitution to end
[military] rule. In Mexico, the Institutional Revolutionary Party [PRI] largely
controlled elections for many years but over time its grip loosened,
particularly in certain states.

Nigeria and Pakistan have had similar experiences of intermittent military

rule and federal democracy. Thus, some undemocratic federations are
clearly for show, but in others their federal structure might have some
reality. Moreover, in all these countries, federal constitutional arrangements
came to have real significance during the transition to democracy as
previously subservient units were empowered . In the formerly communist
countries, the federal structure played a role in their break up.”

Federalism and Constitution

A truly effective federal system must be based on a written constitution and

the rule of law. The constitution must clearly define the distribution of
powers between the national government and the regional government.

However, another component in the constitution must be the method for

resolving conflicts over the legal powers of the national and the regional
governments. A citizen cannot obey two contradictory laws. Normally, the
legal conflicts can arise in the following ways:

• When there is a conflict between the laws of the national government and
the regional governments, the central government’s laws are considered
paramount. The only exceptions are those specifically provided by the
constitution.

• Sometimes the national government and the regional government may

pass laws that are in conflict. However, both sides may claim that their laws
is derive from their powers. For example, the national government may
have powers over internal trade but the regional government has powers
over property. They may pass conflicting laws over these two areas. In
such a case resolving the conflict requires determining which power –
internal trade or property – is more relevant. The constitution must provide
a method for interpreting relevant laws.

• There can also be times that there are no conflicts but a government or
private party may object to law passed by another government on the
grounds that the law goes beyond its powers.

• Sometimes, there are objections to a law on the grounds that it goes

against a constitutionally established right.

A federal form of government requires a very strong and autonomous

federal judiciary. In almost all federal states, the judiciary – especially the
Supreme Court – has the ultimate authority for resolving constitutional
disputes.

In the United States, the appointment of Supreme Court Justices is a highly

politicized and debated issue but no one questions the right of the
Supreme Court to be the final authority for deciding on constitutional
issues. This is again another reason why federalism can succeed only in a
democracy where the rule of law prevails and is accepted by all authorities
– national and regional.

It is true that federalism cannot guarantee good governance any more than
a unitary form of government. But the increase in worldwide attention to
federalism is being driven by the spread of democracies and the increase
in population in many developing countries. These two factors are leading
to the demand for the devolution of powers to the areas outside the usual
centers of powers.

In the Philippines, Metro Manila has always been the center of power. The
electoral powers has always resided in the so called “ corridor” that
stretches from Pangasinan to Quezon. It is not a coincidence that the
economic power is also concentrated in this same corridor of power.

The devolution of power to the local government units is limited by the fact
that these LGUs are too small to have any real powers; and, must remain
dependent on the largesse of the central powers in Metro Manila.
The time has come to seriously consider how to allow the more equitable
distribution of economic and political power from the center to the regions.
We are not a small country. With a population of more than 100 million,
federalism is the more effective form of government. Why regional
governments? Political power cannot be devolved to an appointive body.
In a democracy, political power can only be devolved to an elected
government. This is the reason for federalism.

The correct answer is: Definition

In the position paper at the beginning of the test, was the author in favor of
the passage of the divorce law in the Philippines?

The correct answer is: Yes

is one rule in conducting surveys wherein the researcher must be aware of

what information must be kept private and public.

The correct answer is: Confidentiality

The gives the ideal timeframe for the whole process to serve as a guide
for the researcher.

The correct answer is: timeline

One strength of survey is that is shown by the ability to get a specific

group of people to answer to a particular issue.

The correct answer is: generalizability

is an ethical principle in conducting a survey that reminds the researcher to

respect the opinions and position of the respondents in a certain issue.

The correct answer is: Autonomy

is one rule in conducting surveys wherein the researcher must be aware of

what information must be kept private and public.

The correct answer is: Confidentiality

True or False: It is not important to name your figures in the presentation of
findings. It is enough to describe them as accurately and objectively as
possible.

The correct answer is: False

The concept paper may include the that the writer/researcher must
answer during the course of the research.

The correct answer is: research questions

Identify whether the technique used in writing the following passage

is Classification, Cause and Effect, Comparison and
Contrast, Analogy, Definition, Persuasion, Process Description,
or Interpretation.

What happens when a Youtube star writes a book

by Bong Osorio

Since the dawn of the Web and its many versions, numerous Internet
sensations have come and gone, but only a few have sustained and
continue to increase their following. One of them is Felix Kjellberg,
popularly known by his Internet alias “PewDiePie.” He is a 20-something
Swede who has lingered as YouTube’s biggest star since 2013, garnering
over 40 million followers on his channel. This makes him the holder of
the Guinness Book of World Records title for generating the most number
of subscribers of all time. What’s more astounding about his fame is that
his videos have been viewed over 10 billion times but he remains strange
and nameless to most of his audience.

PewDiePie is a social media phenomenon whose popularity emanates

from his one-of-a-kind approach to his video productions, which usually
start off with a shrill declaration of his name before he slides into mocking,
panicky reactions to various games and activities. At the end, he thanks his
“bros” for tuning in. PewDiePie’s fans have multiplied swiftly and become
more pervasive because instant communication facilitates increased word
of mouth.

Following his social media success, PewDiePie ventured into book

publishing and came up with This Book Loves You, now a New York
Times bestseller that is poised to become an international sensation as
well. The tome is an extremely imaginative pictorial collection of direction
and advice manifested in gags and witticisms that lampoons Internet
memes and passages. As he declared, it is a “parody on self-help books”
and is “full of useful quotes.”

This Book Loves You serves up a lot of toilet humor and impassioned
communication. The heftiest improprieties, though, are masked by
intriguing visuals or cheeky figures, while still making the message quite
apparent. The images are caricatures, executed mostly as cartoony
patchworks, and are funny bordering on the ridiculous. Hostility is not a
prevalent theme and the sexual content is manageable. The character of
the opinions listed is ironic and satiric and projects the persona of the
author and the tonality of the message he wants to convey.

What's the narrative?

The book — jokingly or seriously — was a byproduct of the author’s

discovery of his “great wisdom,” or so it seems. He claims that he needs to
share it with a world that desperately needs to read it. His exasperation
with the invariable quotes and memes cluttering social media pushed him
to put together this “first-rate, highly flavored, and optimistic” book.

A fan pic on Twitter inspired him to counter those bothersome memes

with his own take. “I turn these one-liners and quotes upside down by
adding acerbic, smart-alecky, tongue-in-cheek punch lines and colorful,
witty and sometimes irreverent visual supports,” says PewDiePie.

Millennials will surely get some laughs out of this paperback, which
appears superficial and thoughtless on the surface but holds a certain
charm for a specific audience. But knowing that millennials now number in
the millions, who needs breadth and depth? Certainly not PewDiePie.
This Book Loves You provides a window into the wacky mind of one of
YouTube’s best entertainers. Here are samples:

• “My favorite quote? It’s like being asked what my favorite child is. I don’t
have a child.”

• “Money can’t buy you happiness; but it buys you all the things you don’t
have, even friends. I feel sorry for poor people.”

• “Don’t be afraid to say how you feel, because no one is going to care
anyway.”

• “If you can fight your way out of a situation, don’t. You’ll die.”

• “To fly, you must get rid of the things that weigh you down. This is why all
your friends left you.”

• “Don’t sugarcoat everything… you’ll get diabetes.”

• “Impossible is nothing. Doing nothing is easy. So do nothing!”

• “You can’t watch YouTube in prison, so don’t kill anyone.”

• “Running out of money doesn’t count as exercise.”

• “Running away from problems won’t make you skinny.”

• “You can never fail if you never try. So why bother.”

• “You’re not bad, everyone else is just so much better.”

• “You can’t make everyone happy. So focus on making yourself happy so

that maybe one day your happiness will evolve and eat everyone.”

• “Don’t listen to haters. Live your life the way you want to live it.”

• “Keep your friends close, but your enemies closer. Unless you don’t have
any friends, then just sit in a corner and cry.”

• “Don’t worry about your problems. If you end up dead tomorrow, they’ll all
be gone.”
• “Every second you’re closer to oblivion. No quote in the world is going to
change that.”

• “If you can’t beat them, there’s still a good chance to annoy them.”

• “Change your life today, for the worse!”

• “Quotes are the most important thing in the universe, and you should
always take them to heart.”

If you’re dedicated PewDiePie fan you might just love him enough to buy
the book out of support for the phenomenon and his unusual, confusing
and unique approach to book writing. But expecting anything beyond a
momentary laugh might be asking too much.

The correct answer is: Cause and Effect

Identify whether the technique used in writing the following passage

is Classification, Cause and Effect, Comparison and
Contrast, Analogy, Definition, Persuasion, Process Description,
or Interpretation.

Federalism and Democracy

by Elfren S. Cruz (August 4, 2016)

Federalism is a form of government where there is a division of powers

between the national government and the regional governments.
Federalism is said to be particularly suited to democracies especially those
with very large populations or large geographical territories.

It has also been noted that real federalism can exist only in a democracy.
This is because an authoritarian government will always insist on
centralizing powers through a unitary form of government. The second
reason is that the separation of powers must be rooted in constitutionalism
and the rule of law.
All organizations, whether in business or government, reach a certain point
at which there must be a decentralization of powers if it wants to be more
efficient. In a businesss organization, this decentralization comes in the
form of creating regional offices and appointing regional heads. In a
democracy, powers must be delegated to an elected body if there is to be
credibility and popular support from the people. Here is how George
Anderson of the Forum of Federations explains it:

“The Soviet Union, Yugoslavia and Czechoslovakia were not true

federations during the period of Communist rule, even though they had
federal constitutions. All real powers were centralized in the Communist
Party.

The situation was more complex in Latin America. Brazil and Argentina had
periods of military rule at the center, but sometimes allowed relatively free
elections within their states or provinces – particularly during military rule; in
Brazil, the states developed a key role in designing a constitution to end
[military] rule. In Mexico, the Institutional Revolutionary Party [PRI] largely
controlled elections for many years but over time its grip loosened,
particularly in certain states.

Nigeria and Pakistan have had similar experiences of intermittent military

rule and federal democracy. Thus, some undemocratic federations are
clearly for show, but in others their federal structure might have some
reality. Moreover, in all these countries, federal constitutional arrangements
came to have real significance during the transition to democracy as
previously subservient units were empowered . In the formerly communist
countries, the federal structure played a role in their break up.”

Federalism and Constitution

A truly effective federal system must be based on a written constitution and

the rule of law. The constitution must clearly define the distribution of
powers between the national government and the regional government.

However, another component in the constitution must be the method for

resolving conflicts over the legal powers of the national and the regional
governments. A citizen cannot obey two contradictory laws. Normally, the
legal conflicts can arise in the following ways:

• When there is a conflict between the laws of the national government and
the regional governments, the central government’s laws are considered
paramount. The only exceptions are those specifically provided by the
constitution.

• Sometimes the national government and the regional government may

pass laws that are in conflict. However, both sides may claim that their laws
is derive from their powers. For example, the national government may
have powers over internal trade but the regional government has powers
over property. They may pass conflicting laws over these two areas. In
such a case resolving the conflict requires determining which power –
internal trade or property – is more relevant. The constitution must provide
a method for interpreting relevant laws.

• There can also be times that there are no conflicts but a government or
private party may object to law passed by another government on the
grounds that the law goes beyond its powers.

• Sometimes, there are objections to a law on the grounds that it goes

against a constitutionally established right.

A federal form of government requires a very strong and autonomous

federal judiciary. In almost all federal states, the judiciary – especially the
Supreme Court – has the ultimate authority for resolving constitutional
disputes.

In the United States, the appointment of Supreme Court Justices is a highly

politicized and debated issue but no one questions the right of the
Supreme Court to be the final authority for deciding on constitutional
issues. This is again another reason why federalism can succeed only in a
democracy where the rule of law prevails and is accepted by all authorities
– national and regional.

It is true that federalism cannot guarantee good governance any more than
a unitary form of government. But the increase in worldwide attention to
federalism is being driven by the spread of democracies and the increase
in population in many developing countries. These two factors are leading
to the demand for the devolution of powers to the areas outside the usual
centers of powers.

In the Philippines, Metro Manila has always been the center of power. The
electoral powers has always resided in the so called “ corridor” that
stretches from Pangasinan to Quezon. It is not a coincidence that the
economic power is also concentrated in this same corridor of power.

The devolution of power to the local government units is limited by the fact
that these LGUs are too small to have any real powers; and, must remain
dependent on the largesse of the central powers in Metro Manila.

The time has come to seriously consider how to allow the more equitable
distribution of economic and political power from the center to the regions.
We are not a small country. With a population of more than 100 million,
federalism is the more effective form of government. Why regional
governments? Political power cannot be devolved to an appointive body.
In a democracy, political power can only be devolved to an elected
government. This is the reason for federalism.

The correct answer is: Definition

Identify whether the technique used in writing the following passage

is Classification, Cause and Effect, Comparison and
Contrast, Analogy, Definition, Persuasion, Process Description,
or Interpretation.

How they make pancakes in Osaka

by Elfren S. Cruz (August 4, 2016)

A marriage of a pancake and an omelet is a beautiful thing — two breakfast

favorites grilled to juiciness and served piping hot.
In Japan, they call this delicious hybrid okonomiyaki, the “scrambled”
version of which originated from Osaka. It is prepared like a pancake and
served with okonomiyaki sauce, seaweed flakes, bonito flakes, Japanese
mayo, and pickled ginger.

One of the original okonomiyaki restaurants in Osaka, Chibo Okonomiyaki,

is now in Manila at S Maison in the newly opened Conrad
Hotel. Okonomiyaki shops abound in Osaka, but Chibo is one of the oldest,
dating back to 1973. They pride themselves on delivering the same
original okonomiyaki taste consistently across all its branches around the
world. Even visitors from Japan looking for something to eat that reminds
them of home say that Chibo Okonomiyaki in Manila is up to their
standards.

Imagine this: you are in a room (they call it the Presidential Room),
engulfed in smoke while you watch the Chibo chef chop, toss, whisk, and
press an okonomiyaki into shape, carefully creating a nice, thin crust. It
resists your bite but the center — composed of anything you like, anything
at all, because Chibo Okonomiyaki has a variant for all tastes — melts in
your mouth.

Chef Akihiro, who is from Osaka and therefore versed in the art of creating
these savory pancakes, creates several different dishes for us, while Kenji
Komuro and David Guevarra, operations manager, share the dish’s origins
and how they create the same okonomiyaki flavor in Manila. They bring
most ingredients from Japan, while some they create. The batter and the
sauce are key and must be consistent. As for what’s inside the pancake,
their menu has more choices than you can handle.

Chef served us a really complex-looking one, topped with unsweetened

meringue and a flattened crab crown — the Shirayukihime or “Snow White
Princess,” an extra-soft okonomiyaki with prawn, bacon, pork, tomato,
avocado and cheese. Kenji says it’s so pretty some guests like to order it
during birthdays, in lieu of cake. Well, happy birthday to me. It’s delicious.

The correct answer is: Process Description

The position paper must be written in the point of view.

The correct answer is: first person