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ISST Journal of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Vol. $ No. 1. (January - June 2014), pp. 45-49 ISSN 0976-7363 © Intellectuals Society for Socio-Techno Welfare ENERGY AUDIT: A CASE STUDY TO SAVE ENERGY ‘Dr P.V.V. Rama Rao, 7B.V.R.S. Bhanu Seshu and °K. Jyothi Sree 'Shri Vishnu Engineering College For Women, Bhimavaram, India Shri Vishnu Engineering College For Women, Bhimavaram, India 2shri Vishnu Engineering College For Women Bhimavaram, India E-mail: hodeee@svecw.edu.in, bhanu3.behara@gmail.com, jyothisree461@gmail.com ABSTRACT. ‘An energy audit is @ preliminary activity towards instituting energy efficiency programs in an establishment. It consists of activities that seck to identify conservation opportunities preliminary to the development of an energy savings program. To institute the correct energy efficiency programs, know first which areas in a gi iment unnecessarily consume too much energy, e.g. which is the most cost-effective to improve. An energy audit identifies where energy is-being-consumed-and assesses energy saving opportunities. An energy audit in effect gauges the energy efficiency of a plant or organization against "best practices". When used as a "baseline" for tracking yearly progress against targets, an energy audit becomes the best first step towards saving money in the production plant. This paper presents a case study of energy audit to save energy and maximizes the effective usage of energy. Keywords: Energy conservation, Energy audit, Energy efficiency, Lighting loads. |. INTRODUCTION other miscellaneous applications accounted for the rest. ‘The Energy Audit would give a positive orientation to the Energy conservation means reduction in energy energy cost reduction, preventive maintenance and quality consumption without making any sacrifice of quantity or control program which are vital for production and utility quality [4]. A successful energy management program activities. Such an audit program will help to keep focus on _begins with energy conservation; it will lead to adequate variations which occur in the energy costs, availability and rating of equipments, using high efficiency equipment and reliability of supply of energy, decide on appropriate energy change of habits which causes enormous wastages, of mix, identify energy conservation technologies, retrofit for energy [5]. energy conservation equipment etc [1-2]. In this paper a case study to demonstrate the energy Availability of power has a crucial rule in economic conservation opportunities is attempted. Energy audit, development of the country. In today’s world energy is planning and types are discussed in the following sections very precious. India ranks fifth in the world in total energy before discussion of case study. [3]. The detail break up share of different type of generating stations is follow: Hydro power plants -37367.4GW Thermal Il, ENERGY AUDIT power plants - 115649.48 GW, Nuclear power plants-4.8 An energy audit is an inspection, survey and analysis of GW, Renewable Energy Source - 22.4 GW. The country’s energy flow for energy conservation in an industry, process annual electricity generation capacity has increased in last to reduce the amount of energy input into the system 20 years by about 120 GW, from about 66 GW in 1991 to without negatively affecting the output. According: to over 100 GW in 2001, to over 185 GW in 2011. Over 2010— national energy conservation laws: and regulations for 11, India’s industrial demand accounted for 35% of electrical energy consumption, investigation and energy audit power requirement, domestic household use accounted for management, Energy audit is a testing-and analysis of how 28%, agriculture 21%, commercial 9%, public lighting and the enterprises and other organizations’ use-energy. 45 Rama Rao, BRS. Bhanu Seshu and K, Jyothi Sree . PLANNING OF AN ENERGY AUDIT ergy audits are crucial in the implementation of energy saving measures and in the assurance of the targets of Energy Management. In an energy audit the main goal is to achieve energy savings. The point of view is energy consumption and saving possibilities. There may be other aspects to consider (technical condition, environment) but the main interest is on energy savings. Energy audit produces reporting on energy saving measures. The audit work may cover all energy using aspects of site or certai limited parts (systems, equipment) of several sites (horizontal audit”). In several cases, there may be another name for the whole process (such as energy labeling, energy assessment, etc.), but the activity meets the same criteria that stand for an energy audit. Energy audit is not a continuous activity but should be repeated periodically. The audit activity chart is shown in Fig 1 Defining Scope of Ehergy Audit 4 Estimating Time Frame'ahd Budget” Fig. 1: Audit Activities in General Order Wl, AUDIT TYPES Depending on the level of detail on the collected information, energy audits might be distinguished into two types, the walk-through and the extended audits Walk-through energy audits assess site energy consumption and relevant costs on the basis of energy bills-invoices and a short on-site autopsy. Housekeeping or/and minimum capital investment energy saving options 46 of direct economic return are determined and a further list of other energy saving opportunities involving often considerable capital are proposed on a cost benefit basis. Detailed - Diagnostic energy audits request a more detailed recording and analysis of energy and other site data. The energy consumption is disaggregated in different end-uses (c.g. heating, cooling, different processes, lighting, etc.) and the different factors that affect that end-use are presented and analyzed (E.g. production or services capacity, climatic conditions, raw material data, ete.). All the cost and benefits for the energy saving opportunities that meet the criteria and requirements of the end-energy site administration are determined. A list for potential capital- intensive energy investments requiring more detailed data acquisition and processing is also provided together with an estimation of the associated costs and benefits ‘A. OVERVIEW OF ENERGY AUDIT Energy auditing (EA) is based on the capability to perform an investigation on the energy installations as well as on the building shell. The complete procedure involves the following three stages of registration/data collection and diagnosis: Ist Stage: Scheduling an Energy Audit - Collection of primary data & preliminary analysis of energy 2nd Stage: Walk-through brief Energy Audit, 3rd Stage: In-site thorough Energy Audit Stage-I At this initial stage, data and information is collected related to the present/current and past energy profile, the construction and utilization of every building/unit. The foundations necessary for the completion of the questionnaire are information from the Technical and Administration Managers of the building/unit as well as existing relevant data (fuel billsinvoices, technical drawings, archived studies and catalogues, recorded measurements and readings, etc.) ‘The preliminary analysis of all collected data should lead to the identification of the annual trend and monthly fluctuation! variation of the total energy consumption and cost of the audited building/unit, which constitutes its energy profile. Initial energy data collected, should also lead to a first approximation on energy consumption allocation in every area and sub-system of the building/unit. This is a way to express the energy balance of the building/unit Stage-2 During this stage, a qualitative investigation of the building shell and the electro-mechanical installations is performed, ‘and the findings are tabulated in a specific form. This data Energy Audit: A Case Study to Save Energy registration coupled with instantaneous sampling ‘measurements helps to apportion energy use and thus leads to the energy balance of the building/unit. ‘This procedure, coupled with the actions of the previous stage leads to a final determination of the energy savings potential, with the use of tiding-up measures and simple inexpensive measures/actions that don’t need economic payback assessment through relevant energy studies, Additionally, it leads to a determination of the energy saving potential in specific areas and systems, for further ‘examination in a following stage, by specialists/eonsultants or by the buildings” administration staff whenever it’s feasible. These potentially energy saving actions must be divided into three groups according to their energy saving potential for the particular building (high, medium, low). Stage-3 It involves collection (from in-site measurements) and processing of data as well as a full examination of the installed energy systems of the building/unit, which will permit to compose a thorough energy. This procedure also permit a sound techno- economical evaluation of one or more energy-saving approaches, with medium to high investments on specific systems, after a relevant study. The Energy audit procedure is completed with the presentation of all the energy saving proposals having the form of a summarized techno-economical report, which is composed by the Energy Auditor and presented to the Building/unit manager. B, COLLECTION OF DATA General information: Project Title: Project Number: Building Type: Location Town: Longitude: Latiude Elevation: sr Construction year... (Jn meters above sea level) Building owner: Private () Company () Public ( ) other () Occupants: Private (.) Company () Public ( ) Other ( ) Contact person Profession ‘Department: Telephone/Fax... a7 Has any ownership or usage change occurred since building’s construction? YES(NO() Remarks: Mai a. Bui building refurbishments / additions ing envelope Year: : % Refurbishment: Intervention(s): Cost b. HVAC installations Year: . % Refurbishment: Intervention(s) Cost: c. Domestic hot water YOM nee % Refurbishment: Intervention(s): . COBt? oe 4. Lighting : YeAE ssn % Refurbishment Interventions): Floor Number (including ground floor) Total volume of the building: .....0. a, Volume of heating space: b. Volume of conditioned space: . Volume of Special space: mn’) (rm) (m’) v(m’) ‘Total floor areas a Heating area: ccs ». Conditioned spaces area... 6. Special ata ennsin) (m’) Am’) ..(m’) .- (mm) Building inhabitants for the last 5 years (tenants, employed, customers, trainees, patients ete.): Number of products or services / period for the last 5 years (ie. meals, studies, commercial units ete,) or

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