Memorias PDF

Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana
Iztapalapa
September 24-28, 2018

Auditorium 2 of building C
General Program
Contents
University Authorities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Organizing Committee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
CBI Students’ Meeting Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Plenaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Plenary 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Plenary 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Plenary 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Plenary 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Plenary 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Plenary 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Plenary 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Short talks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Chemistry department . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Monitoring Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans biofilm formation on graphite surface 21
Exact solution for the confined hydrogen atom as a starting point for the design
of basis set functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Electrical engineering department . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Fluorescence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
History of Computers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Magnetic stimulation effects on spinal cord injury model . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Correlation filter review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Mathematics department . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
The cool kids of Complexity Theory: NP-complete problems . . . . . . . . . . 26
Structure of the invariant states of the generators of the weak coupling limit
type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Some reducibility criteria for Polynomials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Stability in the General Economic Equilibrium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
The Best Strategy to Kick a Penalty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Physics department . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Free-energy model for nano-particles self-assembly by liquid crystal sorting . . 29
Thermodynamics of a higher dimensional noncommutative anti-de Sitter-Einstein-
Born-Infeld black hole . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Scalar Field and the Dark Side of the Universe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Anomalous conical emission with Bessel beams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
A symmetry behind quantization process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Brownian Stirling engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Tunable Diode Lasers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
2
CONTENTS CONTENTS
Dual-beam laser trap for optical stretching of bi-concave human red blood cells 32
SPeripheral dose measurement in hypofractionated treatments of breast cancer
patients submitted to tomotherapy using thermoluminiscent dosimeter 33
Characterization of auditive, olfactory and sensory pathway functions by anisotropic
diffusion using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging . . . . . . . . . 34
Wernicke’s area and Broca’s area in functional connectivity of language . . . . 35
Perturbative scalar field propagator from polymer path integral . . . . . . . . 36
Process engineering and hydraulic department . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Selective catalytic reduction of N Ox with N H3 in small pore zeolites for diesel
engines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
A hydrodynamic and kinetic model to describe the formation of calcium car-
bonate deposits in pipelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
The space charge effect on the grain boundary conduction of GdBaCo2 O5+δ . 39
Determination of Photocatalysts Optical Properties: A Methodology . . . . . 40
Permeation of H2 in a P d − Ag membrane from a binary mixture H2 /CO2 . . 40
Asymmetrical Sp3 Boron Atoms With Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Bridges As Single
Lithium Ion Conducting Polymer Electrolytes . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Spatial Distribution Patterns of Submerged Aquatic Vegetation in The Bio-
sphere “Los Petenes” in Campeche, Mexico detected by Remote Sensing 43
Characterization of hydrodynamics, heat and mass transport under abiotic and
biotic condition in a tray bioreactor for the production of proteases
out of agroindustrial wastes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Fundamental study of the Oxidative Dehydrogenation of ethane over a N iO
in a packed bed reactor with low tube to particle diameter ratio:
Evaluation of kinetics and hydrodynamics in heat transfer . . . . . . 47
Hydrodeoxygenation of guaiacol over rhodium supported on HY . . . . . . . . 49
Spatial analysis of fish richness of the Eastern Tropical Pacific . . . . . . . . . 50
Kinetic Assessment of the Oxative Dehydrogenation of Ethane Using a N iSnO
catalystsl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Minimum number of matches problem in heat recovery network design using
the metaheuristic optimization technique-Tabu search . . . . . . . . . 52
Hydrometallurgy process for the recovery of copper from mining tailings in the
state of Zacatecas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Average velocity profile in a channel partially filled with a porous medium . . 55
Biological and health sciences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Comparative study of the quantum efficiency of 4 elements of the Sumerged
Acuatic Vegetation in the coasts of The Gulf of Mexico and Yucatan 57
Ureolytic Biofilm Formation from a Microbial Consortium on Graphite . . . . 58
Posters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Chemistry department . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Recent developments and perspectives in metal-air batteries . . . . . . . . . . 61
Decreasing capacity fade of Li-Ion batteries through the use of blended Li2 CuO2 −
LiM X cathodes, LiM X = LiF eP O4 , LiCoO2 and LiM n2 O4 . . . . 62
Synthesis and characterization of gold nanoparticles modified with curcumin . 64
Electrical engineering department . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Detection of events in the driving of land vehicles through inertial sensors . . . 66
3
CONTENTS CONTENTS
Study and adaptation of the AES cryptographic algorithm for cognitive Radios 66
Mathematics department . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Basic Aspects of Modelling Transit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
A gently tour on Topology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Functional Calculus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
The beginnings of Graph Theory: The seven bridges of Königsberg . . . . . . 69
Shallow Water Equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
On Q-algebras . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Analysis of claims in Civil Liability insurance automobiles: Proposal to deter-
mine a minimum amount of mandatory insurance coverage to protect
victims . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Simulation of two phase flow for the problem of fines detachment induced by
low salinity water injection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Physics department . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Structural transition in liquid crystal fibers of bend core mesogens from field-
theory Monte Carlo simulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Stiffness of liver-mimicking phantom by Magnetic Resonance Elastography . . 72
Propagator of a charged particle in a uniform magnetic field in a noncommu-
tative plane, using path integrals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Smarr formula for Einstein-Born-Infeld-AdS black holes . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Modified dispersion relations and effects on cosmic rays . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Magnetic field influence on Brownian motion in a viscoelastic fluid . . . . . . . 75
Bose–Einstein condensates in extra–compact dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Clinical impact of image guided radiotherapy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Process engineering and hydraulic department . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Differential Electrochemical Mass Spectrometry applied to the determination
of gaseous species generated during lithium ion battery operation . . 78
Recovery of lithium from leaching through electro-adsorption . . . . . . . . . . 78
The promise of Lithium-Sulfur batteries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Manufacture of cathodes for lithium ion batteries using the method water based
with LiCoO2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Study of the influence of carbon additive amount in LiMn0.5Ni1.5 O2 cathode
composites for Lithium-Ion Batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Study of the effect of radiative transfer and the kinetics of hydroxyl radical for-
mation in the photodegradation of a refractory molecule using T iO2
doped with F e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Environmental sensitivity index map for the protection of Kemp’s ridley sea
turtle Lepidochelys kempii in case of a spill of crude oil in the Gulf of
Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Coupling of Activation of Methane with Selective Catalytic Reduction for the
control of N Ox emissions in Thermoelectric . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Spatial Distribution Patterns of Submerged Aquatic Vegetation in The Bio-
sphere “Los Petenes” in Campeche, Mexico detected by Remote Sensing 88
A Numerical Study of Hydrodynamics accounting for a Compressible Flow in
a Fixed Bed Reactor with a dt/dp < 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
4
Contents
Characterization of transport phenomena (momentum, heat and mass transfer)

in a tray bioreactor for solid state fermentation under abiotic conditions 90
Kinetic-experimental study of the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane to ethy-
lene in N iOSn catalysts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Land use effect on physical and chemical properties of two coastal lagoons in
Veracruz Mexico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Effective Medium Equations for Compressible Flow in a Fixed Bed Reactor:
considering a case of low dt /dp < 8 ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Revisiting the solid-state diffusion mechanism in Lithium-ion batteries . . . . 95
Design of an adsorption-bioreaction process for the removal of dyes in the
textile industry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
A Macroscopic Model For Two-Dimensional Flow Between a Porous Medium
and a Free Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Catalytic evaluation of hydrodeoxygenation of phenol with Ru over silica-alumina 98
Catalytic evaluation of coprocessing of phenol and dibenzotiophene by N iM o/T iO2 −
ZrO2 and N iM o/Al2 O3 − ZrO2 for renewable fuels production . . . 100
Relaxation of bilinear terms for the solution of integrated water networks in
complex process systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
On the elucidation of mechanistic aspects during the oxidative dehydrogenation
of ethane to ethylene on a mixed metal oxide (M oV T eN bO) . . . . . 103
Geraniol and Nerol obtention by citral hydrogenation using Pt catalysts sup-
ported on T iO2 , SiO2 and its mixed oxides. An activity and chemos-
electivity analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Optimization of lighting conditions in a photobioreactor for the growth of micro
alge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Comparison of momentum and heat transfer CFD simulations to experiment
for a packed bed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Essays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
5
University Authorities
Ph.D Rodrigo Dı́az Cruz

Rector of the Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana
Ph.D Jesús Alberto Ochoa Tapia

Director of the division of basic science and engineering
Ph.D Román Linares Romero

Head of the physics department
Ph.D Armando Domı́nguez Ortiz

Head of the chemistry department
Ph.D Roberto Quezada Batalla

Head of the mathematics department
Ph.D Ricardo Marcelı́n Jimenez

Head of the electrical engineering department
Ph.D Richard Steve Ruiz Martı́nez

Head of the process engineering and hydraulic department
Ph.D Marı́a Teresa Ramı́rez Silva

Divisional graduate coordinator
Ph.D Luara Galicia Luis

Chemistry graduate coordinator
Ph.D Carlos Omar Castillo Araiza

Chemical engineering graduate coordinator
Ph.D Julio César Garcı́a Corte

Mathematics graduate coordinator
6
University Authorities
Ph.D Abel Camacho Quintana

Physics graduate coordinator
Ph.D Miguel Ángel Peña Castillo

Biomedical engineering graduate coordinator
Ph.D Enrique Rodrı́guez de la Colina

Science and information technology graduate coordinator
Ph.D Juan José Ambriz Garcı́a

Energy and environment graduate coordinator
Ph.D Gabriel Núñez Antonio

Applied and industrial mathematics graduate coordinator
Ph.D Javier Vivaldo Lima

Coordinator of foreign languages
Also, we appreciate the support they gave us during their management
Ph.D José Luis Hernández Pozos

Previous head of the physics department
Ph.D Patricia Ramı́rez Romero

Previous energy and environment graduate coordinator
7
Organizing Committee
Physics
• Carlos Acosta Zepeda
• Jaime Torres Juárez
• Julio César Hidalgo González
• Sergio Gutiérrez Sólis
Chemical Engineering
• Alejandro Romero Limones
• Deusdedit Demetrio Vallejo Arenas
• Gabriela Itzel Hernández Salgado
• Ilda Olivia Santos Mendoza
• Tania Tapia Esquivel
Mathematics
• Ismael Ariel Robles Martı́nez
• Jessica Teresa Rojas Cuevas
8
Organizing Committee
• Marı́a Elena Martı́nez Cuero

• Marı́a Victoria Chávez Hernández
• Yuliana de Jesús Zárate Rodrı́guez
Biomedical Engineering
• Norma Angelica Alvarado Álvarez
• Samantha Alvarado Jalomo
Applied Mathematics
• Adriana Regalado Rodrı́guez
• Marı́a del Rosario Machuca Gutiérrez
• Mariana Paola Ramos G.
Energy and Environment

• Adriana Santamaria
• Alma Delia Nava Montes
• José Luis Pérez López
Chemistry
• Marcela Méndez Tovar
Information Technology
• Gabriel Brayan Cervantes Junco
9
Plenaries
1st CBI Students’ Meeting
11
Plenaries
Plenary 1
Effective medium equations: applications

and limitations
Ph.D Jesús Alberto Ochoa Tapia
jaot@xanum.uam.mx
Abstract
In the first part of the talk, we use the methodology based on the volume
averaging to derive the macroscopic model for diffusion and reaction in
a catalytic porous particle. In this way, the salient steps to obtain the
spatially smoothed equation and the effective coefficients are outlined. The
characteristic length restrictions of the model obtained, that are valid in
the bulk of homogeneous porous media, are identified. In this way, the
limitations of this kind of approach can be stated. Latter, I discuss the one-
domain approach (ODA) and the two-domain approach (TDA). These are
introduced to deal with the breaking of the above-mentioned restrictions.
This occurs due to the abrupt change of the microstructure at the boundary
of the porous medium region. Finally, some recent results on the average
velocity behavior in neighborhood of the inter-region fluid/porous medium
are presented.
12
Plenaries
Plenary 2
Internationalism in an age of nationalism:

Building mutual understanding through
student exchange
Colman Cumberland
colmancumberland@gmail.com
Abstract
What is the value of student exchange? How does educational mobil-
ity improve our academic abilities and widen our personal perspectives?
Explore these questions and more with Colman Cumberland, a Fulbright-
Garcı́a Robles grantee visiting as an English teaching assistant at CELEX.
Colman studied Political Science at Temple University in Philadelphia and
studied abroad at the University of Havana in Cuba. Exchange programs
allow one to develop cross-cultural understanding, reflect on one’s place
in the world, and develop international bonds of trust. Given the rise of
increasingly nationalist rhetoric and policy in many nations, the purpose of
this presentation is to reflect on how we as students might build mutual un-
derstanding between peoples of different nations. It is my conviction that
student exchange must be of reciprocal benefit to all, must go beyond mere
understanding and lead to action on international issues. Furthermore, I
wish to underscore the importance of not considering student exchange in
a vacuum, but as part of an interwoven economic and social fabric.
13
Plenaries
Plenary 3
Studying and research in Germany

Alejandro Cadena Ramos
cadena@daadmx.org
Abstract
In this talk, we will provide general information about the opportunities
for masters and doctoral studies in German universities. In addition, we
present our offer of scholarships for Mexicans who wish to make academic
stays at the graduate level in Germany.
14
Plenaries
Plenary 4
Publish or perish? Key points to consider

when writing and submitting research to
a scientific journal.
Ph.D José Alejandro Ayala Mercado
ayala@nucleares.unam.mx
Abstract
Publishing one’s original and high quality research represents not only the
summit of an intellectual effort that pushes the boundaries of knowledge
but also a means to gain recognition and all the perks associated with it:
credibility, access to funding, the possibility to continue producing knowl-
edge, etc. However, carrying out high quality research represents only the
first of a series of steps toward publication. The other next important step
is reporting such research in a clear, concise and well structured manner
aiming to the right audience. In this talk I will describe the key points
to keep in mind when writing a scientific paper with the purpose to pub-
lish it in a high quality journal with a well established reputation. I will
provide examples as to how we carry out the editorial process in Revista
Mexicana de Fisica starting from an initial screening of submitted work,
continuing with the selection of appropriate referees and ending with effi-
ciently communicating to authors the results of such process, which can be
either accepting or declining their work. I will point out the main features
that declined works share and how these can be avoided to improve the
chances that the work is published.
15
Plenaries
Plenary 5
Traveling wave solutions of PDE

Ph.D Patricia Saavedra Barrera
psb@xanum.uam.mx
Abstract
Many non-linear partial differential equations and systems have traveling
wave solutions: Burger’s equation, Korteweg de Vries, reaction-diffusion
systems, conservative systems as the one dimensional isentropic compress-
ible Navier-Stokes equations and traffic flow equations. A change of coor-
dinates allows us to transform the problem to a non-linear first order ODE
where it can be proved, using results from dynamical systems, the existence
of non-homogeneous solutions. Several examples will be presented.
16
Plenaries
Plenary 6
The role of electrochemical energy

systems in the renewable energy sector
Ph.D Guadalupe Ramos Sánchez
kriegeradler@hotmail.com
Abstract
Regarding Renewable energy generation, the Mexican government has set

targets of 25% generations by 2018, 30% by 2021, 35% by 2024, and fi-
nally an ultimate target of 50% by 2050. Due to these specific targets, a
tremendous amount of growth has occurred in order to keep up the de-
mand of electrical energy as well as a tremendous effort to harvest sun,
wind, biomass and ocean energy. However, harvesting renewable energy is
only the first step towards a broad utilization of renewable energy. All re-
newable energies are in higher or lower degree, intermittent energy sources
which can dispatch electrical energy at the very specific moment in which
the source is available but with very long periods in which there is no source
at all; moreover, even for a continues energy generation (sun energy during
sun hours) the amount of energy is not constant and it depends on sev-
eral weather conditions. In this aspect electrochemical energy storage and
generation is planned to have a great impact on the energy sector, ads the
devices are capable to offer availability, quality and diversification to the
generated energy. In this talk the pros and cons of the main electrochemi-
cal energy devices, batteries and fuel cells, will be discussed, and the most
recent advances on the research, devices and systems at UAM-Iztapalapa
will be presented.
17
Plenaries
Plenary 7
On the analysis of abdominal signals for

fetal heart rate monitoring: a
methodology based on Independent
Component Analysis
Ph.D Aı́da Jiménez González
aidaj@xanum.uam.mx
Abstract
Today, it is generally accepted that ultrasonography, the traditional method
for biophysical antenatal surveillance does not facilitate a comprehensive
and reliable assessment of fetal well-being and, thus, the identification of
those fetuses whose defense mechanisms against hypoxia are compromised.
Consequently, even though this technological option has been used since
the end of the 60s, it has been reported that the rate of fetal loss over the
last 50 years has not shown a significant reduction and that most of still-
births have happened in the low-risk group. Although the reasons behind
this poor outcome remain unclear, it has been considered that the inter-
mittent, subjective and short-term observations given by ultrasonography
should be replaced by (or accompanied with) continuous and long-term ob-
servations, which is possible because of the development of technologies and
research into non-invasive methods. These technologies are mainly focused
on detecting the fetal heart rate (FHR), which is a significant biophysical
parameter whose variations are the earliest defense mechanism of the fetus
against hypoxia. To do so, the most popular technologies are based on
passive transducers that sense electric, magnetic or vibration signals pro-
duced by the fetal heart. The transducers are highly sensitive to detect the
18
Plenaries
very-low energy fetal signals but, since they are positioned on the mater-
nal womb (or adjacent to it), they not only detect information from the
fetal heart, but also from maternal and environmental sources (e.g. the
maternal heart and line noise). As a result, the recorded signals are rich
in fetal information, but usually hidden by maternal and environmental
interferences whose characteristics turn the extraction of the former into
a difficult and challenging task. In this talk, the specific characteristics
of the electric (electrocardiographic) and vibration (phonographic) signals
recorded on the maternal womb will be outlined and, as soon as the audi-
ence becomes familiar with the challenges involved in the recovery of fetal
information, the use of a digital signal processing methodology based on In-
dependent Component Analysis will be briefly described. Next, findings of
the application of this approach to the recovery of the fetal heart rate from
both, phonographic and electrocardiographic recordings, will be presented.
Finally, as recently referred to be some authors, we will discuss the need
for further research on the extracted sources to address their morphological
analysis, since this represent one of the most promising possibilities for this
modality of fetal monitoring.
19
Short talks
20
Short talks
Chemistry
Monitoring Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans biofilm

formation on graphite surface
Marcela Méndez Tovar*, J.Viridiana Garcı́a Meza, Ignacio González
Martı́nez
*madzelita@gmail.com
Abstract
Exact solution for the confined hydrogen atom as

a starting point for the design of basis set
functions
Michael Adán Martı́nez*, Rubicelia Vargas, Jorge Garza
*quim91adan@gmail.com
Abstract
In this work the Schrödinger equation is solved exactly when the hydro-
gen atom is immersed in the center of a spherical cavity with penetrable and
impenetrable walls. In this context, the term penetrable implies that the
wave function can be extended through the region outside the confinement
cavity, also called classically forbidden region; and the term impenetrable
means the opposite case, where the wave function only exists inside the
cavity. The confinement potentials considered in this study are: infinite
potential (which represents impenetrable walls), finite height well, contin-
uum dielectric and an isotropic harmonic oscillator being these last three
cases, potentials of penetrable type. The results of this work show the
21
Short talks
impact of every confinement potential over the fundamental properties of

the atom and constitute the reference for the design of basis sets functions
for multi-electronic atoms confined under same spatial restrictions or by
similar potentials. Slater-type functions and Gaussian-type functions were
also used to solve these problems through Ritz’s method, showing that it
is necessary to use a considerable number of functions if they do not have
the correct asymptotic behavior dictated by the exact solution.
22
Short talks
Electrical engineering
Fluorescence
David Silva Roy
DAVIDROY FIS@HOTMAIL.COM
Abstract
Fluorescence is the cause of the transition between the energy levels of the
electrons in an atom or molecule. The electron first absorbs a photon with
energy equal to the difference in the energy states. The excited state is not
stable, and the electron can remain there for a short period of time (from
1ps to 1µs). When the molecule returns to its stable state, it emits a photon
with energy equal to the energy difference in the excited and stable states
or passes by a non-radioactive deactivation during which the electrons emit
the excess of energy mechanically. Certain substances such as karo brand
corn syrup and olive oil may present this phenomenon. An experiment was
done in which the amount of fluorescence that these substances have, when
illuminated by some type of laser, was measured.
History of Computers
Luis Manuel Arrieta Ávila
paclarushtaonas@gmail.com
Abstract
We are surrounded by computers and electronic devices, but people often
ignore the nature of origin of what they have and why things are. This talk
aims to give a little insight in the history of computing: from abacus to
quantum computing.
23
Short talks
Magnetic stimulation effects on spinal cord injury

model
Flores-Leal Miguel*, Morales-Guadarrama J.C. Axayacatl,
Salgado-Ceballos Hermelinda, Sacristán-Rock Emilio
*miguel.flores@mail.com
Abstract
Magnetic Stimulation (MS) has shown promising results in treating cen-

tral nervous system disorders, including spinal cord injuries. Neverthe-
less, most of the mechanism underlaying the technique’s observable effects
in animal models remain unknown. In this work we evaluate the effects
of repetitive MS in a spinal cord injury model using Magnetic Resonance
Imaging (MRI). Twelve adult female rats underwent a complete spinal cord
transection at T 9 vertebrae. Animals were divided in a control group and
two stimulation groups (high and low frequency stimulation). Treatment
groups received daily repetitive MS during eight weeks. Motor function
recovery was assessed in all subjects on a weekly basis. In addition, each
subject went through five MRI acquisitions during the experimental pe-
riod. Treatment groups showed a statistically significant improve of motor
function recovery score during and after treatment when compared to the
control group. Acquired images revealed decreased final injury volume
and constrained secondary injury effects in treatment groups. The present
findings contribute to the understanding of the neuroprotective potential
of MS, offering an interesting in vivo approach of spinal cord injury process
and treatment effect.
24
Short talks
Correlation filter review

Oliver G. Campos Trujillo
olivergtc@gmail.com
Abstract
Correlation filters have been applied successfully in disordered images

because they allow to identify a target and obtain its position in the image
because the correlation operator is considered an estimator of maximum
likelihood. This work intends to be a brief review on the properties and
state of the art of the correlation filters. In addition, a demonstration
applied in image registration will be presented.
25
Short talks
Mathematics
The cool kids of Complexity Theory:

NP-complete problems
I.A. Robles
ismael ariel@hotmail.com
Abstract
We will review the definition of NP-Complete problem and we will study

some classic examples of this kind of problems.
Structure of the invariant states of the generators

of the weak coupling limit type
Álvaro Hernández Cervantes*, Roberto Quezada Batalla
*alvaro.hernandez.2489@gmail.com
Abstract
In this short talk we will introduce the generators of the weak coupling
limit type. Later we will describe some invariant states and, finally, we
will present results about the structure of the invariant states of these
generators.
26
Short talks
Some reducibility criteria for Polynomials

Julio Pérez Hernández
galois60@gmail.com
Abstract
In this talk we will review some reducibility criteria for polynomials.
Stability in the General Economic Equilibrium

Natanael Fernando Márquez Juárez
mayacosky@hotmail.com
Abstract
Few issues in economics have been as studied and controversial as the
General Economic Equilibrium Theory has been. The notion that any com-
petitive economy achieves general equilibrium posed three mathematical
problems inherent in it. The first problem concerning existence had already
been addressed unsuccessfully by Leon Walras in his Eléments d’Economie
Politique Pure in 1874. It was not until the middle of the last century when
Arrow and Debreu, assisting in the most developed microeconomics theory
and in the advances in mathematical analysis that could provide satisfac-
tory proof of the problem of existence. The second problem that studies
the uniqueness, was developed by the works of Debreu in the 70. Citing
the concept of regular economies for that purpose. This rather technical
problem would not present major difficulties when developing the theory
of general equilibrium to dispel the conditions of uniqueness. The aspect
of general equilibrium stability, on the other hand, has been the most con-
troversial and perhaps most important once the first problem of general
equilibrium has been solved. Stability, which is the third problem, has his-
torical significance for the prevailing economic theory from the Laissez-faire
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Short talks
of the physiocrats and the invisible hand of Adam Smith. If the question
of stability had a positive answer, it would suggest that market forces can
adjust themselves without State intervention. The main actor in this still
open problem is the function of excess demand. Since Samuelson modi-
fied the Walrasian groove logistics to study stability, many works appeared
in this line. One of those representative and important works we find in
Saari. Saari demonstrates that convergent price mechanisms require an
overwhelming amount of information from the excess demand function and
that this information can not be reduced. Secondly, Saari focuses on the
study of the complexity of price dynamics, concluding that the existence of
effective price mechanisms exists but it is not known exactly how or what
it could be.
The Best Strategy to Kick a Penalty

Vı́ctor Manuel Martı́nez Cortés
mat.victor.m.mtz.c@gmail.com
Abstract
Game Theory is a branch of the mathematics, which tried to catch the

essence of the interaction of the players by proposing some mathematical
models. That for us will be the interaction between the kicker and the
goalkeeper. We will use a bi-personal (2 players) game. On this short-talk
we are going to discover one use of the Game Theory in order to exhibit
which alternatives the kicker can decide with the purpose to maximize his
opportunities to score a goal and at the same time we are going to show
goalkeeper best actions in order to saved the shoot.
28
Short talks
Physics
Free-energy model for nano-particles
self-assembly by liquid crystal sorting
Noe Atzin*, Oscar Gutierrez, Linda Hirst, Sayatani Gosh
*noe.atzin@gmail.com
Abstract
We modeled the experimentally observation sefl-assembly of nano-particles
into shells with diameters up 10 microns, via segretion from growing ne-
matics domains. Using field-based Monte Carlo simulations, we found the
equilibrium configurations of the system by minimizing a free-energy fun-
tional.
Thermodynamics of a higher dimensional

noncommutative anti-de
Sitter-Einstein-Born-Infeld black hole
Angélica González*, Román Linares, Marco Maceda, and Oscar
Sánchez-Santos
*gombstar@yahoo.com.mx
Abstract
We analyze noncommutative deformations of a higher dimensional anti-
de Sitter-Einstein-BornInfeld black hole. Two models based on noncom-
mutative inspired distributions of mass and charge are discussed and their
thermodynamical properties such as the equation of state are explicitly cal-
culated. In the (3 + 1) − dimensional case the Gibbs energy function of
each model is used to discuss the presence of phase transitions.
29
Short talks
Scalar Field and the Dark Side of the Universe

Belen Carvente Mendoza
belen.carvente@correo.nucleares.unam.mx
Abstract
In cosmology the most accepted model to explain the evolution of the
Universe is known as the Lambda − CDM . In this model, 4 percent of the
total content of the Universe is “usual” matter, 22 percent is Dark Matter
and the rest is Dark Energy. However, this model has certain conflicts and
it seems necessary to change the paradigm. In the last years an alternative
scenario that has received much attention is the Scalar Field as Dark Matter
and as Dark Energy. Scalar fields have been widely used in cosmology
during the last three decades, but it is until now that we have been able
to fully understand their role as possible major matter components for the
evolution of the Universe.
Anomalous conical emission with Bessel beams

Áulide Martı́nez Tapia*, José Luis Hernández Pozos
*aulide@xanum.uam.mx
Abstract
Since the first systematical study of the conical emission in 1980, there
has been a great variety of models trying to explain its origin, from the
perspective of a four-wave mixing process to models that involve Cherenkov
type radiation; passing through stimulated electronic Raman scattering,
transient effects, and competition between different phenomena, but none of
them have given a satisfactory description of it. We present an experimental
study of the conical emission in sodium vapor using cero order Bessel beams
30
Short talks
to excite the D2(3s2S1/2 → 3p2P3/2). Bessel beams have specific features

that gave us a new variable, the wave vector, which allows us to explore if
the emission is four-wave mixing type of process.
A symmetry behind quantization process

Manuel de la Cruz López
fisikito@gmail.com
Abstract
It is well known that the process of quantization of a classical system
needs to be performance on a closed and periodic path in phase space ac-
cording to Born-Sommerfeld condition. The classical system, on the other
hand, must be describe physics defined with parameters, constants of mo-
tion and equations of motion taken to be real. If we complexity a classical
system; is possible to understand some key features in the corresponding
quantum version. In this talk we shown how implement complex values to
classical systems in order to understand a subset of solutions with physical
realty and his relations with the so-called PT symmetry and the quantiza-
tion procedure.
Brownian Stirling engine

Ana Elisa Zamudio Murillo*, Rosa Marı́a Belasco Velmont
*anaelisazamudio@gmail.com
Abstract
In recent years there has been some interest in the construction of heat
engines at the micro-nano level. Due to the size of the particle, the fluctu-
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Short talks
ations play a very important role and their influence is calculated by the
usual methods for Brownian motion. The engine performance is achieved
through the manipulation of particles with optical tweezers performing a
kind of thermal cycle like Stirling or Carnot’s in classical thermodynam-
ics. The engine modeling is based on a harmonic potential provided by
the optical device in which the strength is represented by a time depen-
dent restitutive function according to a given protocol. Besides the thermal
bath is simulated with a noise source which has a time dependent intensity
given with an external prescription. Then, the particle driven in this de-
vice performs the cycle. In this work it is presented a protocol to perform
a Stirling cycle and all its properties like the averages of the work done, the
heat transfer, the entropy and the efficiency that are calculated following
the steps of stochastic energetics at the overdamped regime.
Tunable Diode Lasers

Luis Alberto Nava Rodrı́guez
luisnava@xanum.uam.mx
Abstract
Given the small size and high efficiency of diode lasers, these have a
wide range of applications such as laser pointers, printers, CD players,
optical communication, science investigation, among others. They can be
found from infrared to ultraviolet emitting frequencies, however, with the
necessity of tunable light sources came the development of tunable diode
lasers. In this talk I will describe two commonly used techniques to achieve
frequency tuning and reduction of diode laser linewidth, and mention some
applications in optical and atom physics.
32
Short talks
Dual-beam laser trap for optical stretching of

bi-concave human red blood cells
N. Méndez-Alba*, J.L. Hernández-Pozos
*nahum@xanum.uam.mx
Abstract
An optical trapping system using two laser beams is used simultaneously
to trap and stretch the cell membrane of human erythrocytes in an efficient
and very simple way. We study the changes in the deformability of red
blood cell membrane in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. We trapped
directly with the two laser beams an individual red cell and we stretch it
separating the position of the optical traps. The results are obtained by
comparing the red cell stretch 2DM group vs a control group. We found a
reduced average elastic capacity for the group of imparied cell with diabetes,
which can be related to possible complications that this disease generates.
Peripheral dose measurement in hypofractionated

treatments of breast cancer patients submitted to
tomotherapy using thermoluminiscent dosimeter
Omar Medina Arreguı́n*, Alı́ César Medrano Sandoval, Juan Azorı́n
Nieto, Luis Carlos Mora Garzón
*omedina@xanum.uam.mx
Abstract
Thermoluminescence Dosimeters (TLDs) are widely used for in vivo
dosimetry of ionizing radiations because they have shown to provide dose
readings with an accuracy of 2% creating new opportunities to advance in
radiation therapy dosimetry, particularly in tomotherapy. The purpose of
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Short talks
this work was to evaluate peripheral dose (PD) in breast cancer patients
submitted to hypofractionated tomotherapy treatment using LiF:M g,T i
TLDs. Results showed that thyroid received a dose approximately 20% to
40% of the breast dose.
Characterization of auditive, olfactory and

sensory pathway functions by anisotropic diffusion
using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Hector Ramirez*, Pilar Dies, Eduardo Barragan, Silvia Hidalgo Tobon
*ledzephec@live.com
Abstract
Introduction: One of the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging tech-
niques is diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), which measures the rate of dif-
fusion of extracellular water molecules found in tissues. DTI tractography
allows virtual dissections of functional white matter tracts in the human
brain in vivo using regions of interest (ROI). The intricate trajectories of
these pathways that can be identified using diffusion-weighted MRI pro-
vide an important anatomical reference for evaluation of clinical disorders
commonly associated in auditive, olfactory and sensory systems in pedi-
atric brain. Methods: 18 healthy children (ages 4 − 16 yrs) were exam-
ined. Imaging was performed in a 1.5T Philips scanner, using a head
coil with SENSE technology and 8 channels were used for fast imaging
with a sequence of Fast Echo Planar Diffusion Weighted Imaging cover-
ing the whole brain, T R = 7711s, Echo train length 63, 90 flip angle,
acquisition matrix 124 × 124, 15 directions of noncollinear gradients with
fat suppression, 2mm gap. The diffusion tensor (DTI) was analized us-
ing MedINRIA (https://med.inria.fr/), diffusion tensors were calculated
pre- and post- motion correction to obtain Fractional Anisotropy (FA) and
34
Short talks
ADC values. Segmentation of the different regions was manually drawn

on midline sagittal 3D-T1 images. The study was approved by the Ethical
Review Board. Results: The values of FA obtained with their respective
variance are, auditive system (0.335 ± 4.02 × 10−2; 0.418 ± 4 × 10−2)
(a.u.), olfactory system (0.278 ± 6 × 10−3; 0.4348 ± 6 × 10−3)(a.u.) and
sensory system (0.412 ± 2 × 10−2; 0.4861 ± 4.1 × 10−2) (a.u.). The
values of ADC obtained with their respective variance are, auditive sys-
tem (1.985 ± 4 × 10−2; 2.52 ± 9.8 × 10−2) 10−3mm2/s, olfactory system
(1.7984±0.01; 2.76±0.014) 10−3mm2/s and sensory system (1.951±0.063;
2.304 ± 0.1373) 10−3mm2/s. Discussion and conclusions: The figures show
FA and ADC of the auditive system, olfactory system and sensory system.
It can be seen that the FA and ADC values change according to age and sex,
being created a basic pattern of the maturation process in pediatric patients
as a decrease in ADC values and an increase in FA values as a function of
gestational age according to the cerebral development or the specialization
of the functional tracts of white matter. During this process, structures
such as cell and axonal membranes become more densely packed, and the
restriction to diffusion of water molecules increases and consequently ADC
values decreases. For white matter areas, white matter anisotropy is rel-
atively low in newly born pacients and increases steadily with increasing
age, what can be observed in the values obtained from FA. MR methods
are important for clinical studies and for evaluation of various neurologic
disorders that affect all these systems. DTI is a promising modality for the
study and analysis of brain development and abnormalities.
Wernicke’s area and Broca’s area in functional

connectivity of language
Fernando Villanueva Junes*, Eduardo Barragán, Daniel Álvarez, Pilar
Dies, Silvia Hidalgo-Tobon.
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Short talks
*fernando 8808@hotmail.com
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging is a technique used to form images of anatom-
ical and physiological processes. On the other hand, MRI images by the
diffusion tensor are based on measurements of the diffusion water along
different directions, these measurements allow to calculate the diffusion
tensor. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) is a measure of the magni-
tude of diffusion of water molecules within a tissue. Fractional anisotropy
(FA) shows the direction of the diffusion.The diffusion of the extracellu-
lar water molecules changes along of the myelin, Diffusion Tensor Imaging
maps those trajectories. The language model is thought to involve two basic
brain areas. Broca’s area associated with speech production and Wernicke’s
area associated with speech comprehension. In this work, FA and ADC are
measured of the Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas in children. The ADC and
FA values were measured for Wernicke and Broca areas. Pearson correla-
tion was used to understand an association between FA and ADC, healthy
and patients with language problems. DTI is a useful tool in identifying the
structural connectivity between language areas. Future studies will allow
to document and standardize his values in the developing pediatric brain
and to detect abnormalities in patients with specific language disorders.
Pending title
Darja Trende
**
Abstract
Pending Summary
36
Short talks
Process engineering and hydraulic

Selective Catalytic Reduction of N Ox with N H3 in
small pore zeolites for diesel engines
Gabriela I. Hernández-Salgado*, Julio López-Curiel, Maria E.
Hernández-Terán, Gustavo A. Fuentes
*gab.hdz.salgado@gmail.com
Abstract
Cu / zeolites are common catalysts for the removal of contaminating
N Ox from the effluent of internal combustion engines that operate in ex-
cess of oxygen, ie, diesel or poor combustion engines by N H3 − SCR. The
latest generation of catalysts involves the use of zeolites with the Chabazite
structure, such as SSZ − 13. These materials have a high N Ox reduction
activity, good selectivity towards N2 and high hydrothermal stability. De-
spite the ongoing research efforts, the nature of Cu ions in ion exchange
sites of SSZ − 13 has not been fully understood. In order to shed light on
the origin of high activity and thermal stability of Cu−SSZ −13, it is crit-
ical to understand the nature (oxidation state, location, redox properties,
etc.)of Cu ions and the active centers in the SCR reaction. Toward this
goal, here we investigate the reactivity and structure of Cu − SSZ − 13
catalysts with different copper loadings of 1.2, 2.12 and 14.8% wt. in
the selective catalytic reduction of N Ox using N H3 as a reducing agent
(N H3 − SCR − N OX) under conditions similar to those of a diesel en-
gine. An activity and selectivity higher with the catalyst 2.12% wt. in
N H3 − SCR − N OX were observed, in comparison with other copper
loadings. These results revealed that copper loading is a function of cat-
alytic activity. UV-vis in situ and ex-situ spectrometry was used to de-
termine the structure of Cu species. There were significant changes in
its distribution due to the reaction when 2.12% by weight of catalyst was
37
Short talks
studied. There are different Cu + /Cu2 + species, Cu and Cu0 dimers

(Cu surface plasmon), and their distribution is affected by the reaction.
They restructure both during heating and cooling in the atmosphere of
the reaction mixture. It is possible that the cationic species can control
the reaction at low temperature, while their nanoparticles seem to play an
important role at a high reaction temperature.
A hydrodynamic and kinetic model to describe

the formation of calcium carbonate deposits in
pipelines
Héctor Gómez-Yáñez*, Gretchen T. Lapidus-Lavine, T. Iván
Guerrero-Sarabia.
*hvio@hotmail.com
Abstract
Calcium and carbonate ions are dissolved. The result of the interaction
between calcium and carbonate ions in a supersaturated system is the
growth of solid calcium carbonate over the pipe walls. The present study
describes the physical and chemical phenomena of mass transport of the
chemical species, from the bulk solution to the pipe walls, inside a straight
circular pipe. The mass transfer coefficient is estimated using correlations
for developing laminar flow. The controlling mechanism is assigned using
the Damköhler number and the model simulation results are analysed for
three scenarios: when the deposition is controlled by mass transfer, by
mixed control or by the deposition kinetics. When mass transfer is the
controlling mechanism, the deposit was concentrated at the pipe entrance,
while with kinetic control, it forms further downstream. This study found
that most important factor influencing the deposition process is the bulk
and superficial pH values.
38
Short talks
The space charge effect on the grain boundary

conduction of GdBaCo2O5+δ
César I. Ramos Villegas*, Hugo J. Ávila-Paredes
*cesaruko07@gmail.com
Abstract
Among the cathodic materials for Intermediate Temperature Solid Ox-

ide Fuel Cells, GdBaCo2O5+δ has been recently proposed as a promising
candidate based on its high mixed ionic-electronic conductivity values and
compatibility with ceria based electrolytes. Generally, grain boundaries of
ceramic conductors offer a blocking effect to oxygen ion conduction, either
because of secondary phases or the space charge effect, while electronic
conduction is enhanced. Regarding the space charge effect, a depletion
of the oxygen vacancies concentration in the vicinity of the grain bound-
ary cores, which have an excess of positive charges, causes that the grain
boundaries behave as a barrier to ionic transport. In this contribution, the
grain boundary resistivities of GdBaCo2O5+δ samples were characterized
as a function of grain size. Impedance spectroscopic measurements were
performed for the electrical characterization of the samples in the temper-
ature range of 100 to 700 ◦C under air. The grain boundary characteristics
will be discussed in the context of the space charge effect.
39
Short talks
Determination of Photocatalysts Optical

Properties: A Methodology
L.A. Ramos Huerta*, C.O. Castillo Araiza, R.S. Ruiz Martinez, P.J.
Valades Pelayo, J.J. Cabello Robles
*lrjrhuerta@hotmail.com
Abstract
Photocatalysis has been studied for many years now, however, the cor-
rect study of light interaction with the catalyst and the reactor has been
neglected. Light is the key ingredient for photocatalytic processes which,
nowadays, are more attractive than ever as they could help us tackle im-
portant and urgent issues, from textile industry effluent treatment to hy-
drogen and biodiesel production. In this matter, there exists an equation,
the radiative transfer equation (RTE), which describes the change of light
intensity with distance and renders a reliable way of studying light-system
interactions, as long as catalysts’ optical properties are determined based
on real observations. Still, most researchers take into account considera-
tions or pre-determined optical properties, which in turn, avoids scale-up
and design applications. In this work, a step-by-step methodology where
experimental observations and modelling are brought together in order to
determine optical properties of titanium dioxide, is presented. A series
of Monte Carlo–Levenberg Marquardt optimizations are implemented to
choose the best set of optical properties that describe the experimental
observations, obtaining a 74% adjustment. Future work is proposed with
the intention of providing a path for a better evaluation and understanding
that in turn results in a bullet-proof methodology for optical properties
determination.
40
Short talks
Permeation of H2 in a P d − Ag membrane from a

binary mixture H2/CO2
Mara X. Cordero-Garcı́a*, Sergio A. Gómez-Torres, Elizabeth M.
Salinas-Rodriguez, M.Eugenia Hernández-Terán
*maraximena@gmail.com
Abstract
A high selectivity during the separation of H2 from different process ef-

fluents could be reached using metallic membranes such as P d − Ag. It
allows potential applications of H2 in the field of new fuels; also, it creates
the possibility of establishing profitable processes to produce H2 of high
purity from natural gas and renewable liquids. The use of membranes for
H2 separations has been developed since the last decade like an interest-
ing and less cost alternative compared to the methods currently used at
industrial level: absorption by oscillation of pressure (PSA) or cryogenic
distillation. In this work the permeation of H2 in Pd-Ag metal membrane
has been studied experimentally from mixtures of H2 and CO2 at ratios
equal to or lower than that of the products of the water gas shift reaction
(W GS : CO + H2O(v) CO − 2 + H2). The results indicate that
H2 permeation depends mainly on the initial flow ratio between H2 and
CO2 (IF RH2/CO2), and on the pressure of the system and the operating
temperature of the membrane as well. These variables show the relation
between the pressure and the temperature on the amount of H2 permeated
in the membrane. The permeability and the difference in partial pres-
sures obtained at IF RH2/CO2 = 1.5 and 200◦C were P = 1.77 × 10−7
mol/mPa0.5s and 110 Pa0.5, respectively; the maximum permeate flux
was 0.00591mol/m2s at the same conditions. These results provide much
lower CO2 concentrations on the permeate side, which agrees with values
reported in the literature. On the other hand, when the WGS reactor was
coupled with the Pd-Ag membrane, 70% of the effluent H2 was obtained
41
Short talks
as pure H2 in the membrane side.
Asymmetrical Sp3 Boron Atoms With

Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Bridges As Single Lithium
Ion Conducting Polymer Electrolytes
G. Guzmán-González*, H. J. Ávila-Paredes, G. Ramos-Sanchez, E.
Rivera, I. González
*gregguzmn@gmail.com
Abstract
Single lithium ion conducting polymers electrolytes (SLICPE) are char-
acterized by a high lithium ion transference number and low concentration
polarization. However, the ionic conductivity values need to be increased
in order to obtain better performance in batteries. In general, two dif-
ferent approaches are used to increase the ionic conductivity in SLICPE,
the first consists of a simple process of mixing lithium polymer salts with
flexible polymers such as Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) . However, in this
type of SLICPE phase separation between the polymer matrix and the
lithium polymer salt can be generated, causing loss of contact between
the electrode and the electrolyte, as well as conductivity decrease. The
second form of elaboration of SLICPE consists of the synthesis of copoly-
mers containing units with a relatively large segmental movement, which
have anions covalently bonded to the polymer. However, the synthesis
of this type of SLICPE is generally complicated and expensive. In this
work, we report the electrochemical characterization of a series of SLICPE
based on sp3 boron atoms, homogeneously distributed in a way by means
of poly(ethylene glycol) PEG bridges of different lengths that allow easily
modulating the physical, electrochemical and ionic conduction properties.
SLICPE were synthesized by a conventional fusion method, and samples
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Short talks
were characterized by NMR, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

(EIS) in symmetrical cells in the range between 20 and 90◦C. In addi-
tion, the effect of charge delocalization present in BO4- groups, associated
to strong electron-withdrawing substituents and their effect on the ionic
conductivity in SLICPE, was studied. Results indicate a decrease on the
activation energy for Li+ transport as function of the ethoxy chains length
from 0.053 to 0.023eV for the PEG chain of one and eight ethoxy groups,
respectively. These results suggest that in short ethoxy chains the ion
conduction mechanism is predominantly owed to hopping between boron
centers (B-EO-B) while in larger chains it evolves to a hopping mecha-
nism between boron atoms and ethoxy groups (B-(EO)n-B). In general,
the analysis of the results indicates that the ionic conductivity (10−4 Scm-
1 @ 60◦C). However, these values can increase in a function of the degree of
delocalization of negative charge on the receptor anion and make this class
of polymer electrolytes promising candidates for LIB specially at elevated
temperatures.
Spatial Distribution Patterns of Submerged

Aquatic Vegetation in The Biosphere “Los
Petenes” in Campeche, Mexico detected by
Remote Sensing
Pérez-Espinosa, I.*, Gallegos, M. M., Ressl, R. A., Valderrama-Landeros
L. H y Hernández, C. G.
*biologa.ilianape@gmail.com
Abstract
During the last twenty years, Sumerged Acuatic Vegetation (SAV) has
been globally recognized for the provision of diverse environmental ser-
vices. Of special relevance are carbon storage and sequestration capabilities
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Short talks
through roots and soils, estimated to be up to two to four times higher than
terrestrial forests. This carbon is denominated as “blue carbon”. Currently
most countries can’t report accurately on blue carbon due to lack of detailed
information. Until now, the distribution of SAV in the biosphere reserve
“Los Petenes”, Campeche was largely unknown. In that context, baseline
information on national seagrass distribution and extension is essential to
provide solid information for conservation strategies in Mexico. Our project
applies remote sensing techniques to delineate major SAV extensions for
the generation of baseline cartography. We used hidroacoustic echosounder
and satellite images of Sentinel-2A to derive a distribution map of SAV ap-
plying a supervised maximum likelihood classification. Additionally, we
used video-transects and in situ verification data to generate five classes
of SAV in the biosphere reserve of Los Petenes in Campeche, dominated
principally by Thalassia testudinum (Tt). The results show continuous
distribution patterns of SAV extending south-north, parallel to the shore.
The occupied area is 1, 514km2 corresponding to 83% of the marine zone.
The Kappa coefficient during accuracy assessment resulted in 71%. The
best differentiation between classes was observed for Thalassia testudinum
(Tt) and Syringodium filiforme (Sf), while major confusion between classes
of MxPA (4) and MxPP (5) was noted. A principal component analysis of
the collected environmental data demonstrated that water depth was the
determining variable for the presence of Tt and Sf, while Halodule wrightii
presence was mainly related to salinity and pH. Our results show that com-
bined remote sensing techniques together with biochemical/physical data
offer great potential for mapping seagrass distribution in shallow waters in
México.
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Short talks
Characterization of hydrodynamics, heat and

mass transport under abiotic and biotic condition
in a tray bioreactor for the production of
proteases out of agroindustrial wastes
G. A. Gómez-Ramos*, C.O. Castillo-Araiza, M. Couder, J. Figueroa, S.
Huerta-Ochoa, A. Prado-Barragan
*gagr@xanum.uam.mx
Abstract
The solid-state fermentation (SSF) has gained attention in recent years

in the biotechnology industry due to its great potential in the production of
biologically active metabolites, namely enzymes, biofuels, food additives,
precursor molecules for chemical and pharmaceutical industries, among
other high value metabolites. Despite the technological advances in SSF
processes, there have not been sufficient studies related to the character-
ization, design and intensification of tray bioreactors. However, the state
of the art in the fundamentals of reactor engineering offers a useful avenue
for the conceptual design and intensification of this class of bioreactors, in-
volving a microscopic characterization of the phenomenological interaction
among kinetics and transport phenomena that occurs within the bioreac-
tor. The objective of this work is to characterize hydrodynamics, heat
and mass transport under abiotic and biotic conditions in a tray bioreac-
tor for the production of proteases (SSF) with Yarrowia lipolytica using
agroindustrial wastes. This work accounts from the design of experiments
to the development of models aimed at characterizing transport phenom-
ena and kinetics under abiotic and biotic conditions, respectively. The
bioreactor operates in two stages, the first abiotic operation (without re-
action) for the characterization of transport phenomena (hydrodynamics,
heat transfer and mass transfer) and the second stage (biotic) consisting of
the SSF for the production of proteases. In the abiotic stage, first, the pres-
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sure drop is determined at different inlet flows. This information is trans-

ferred to the Navier-Stokes equations coupled to Darcy and Forchheimer
to describe the velocity field in the tray bioreactor. Second, heat transfer
experiments in the absence of reaction allow the determination of the cor-
responding parameters, namely the wall heat transfer coefficient, and the
effective thermal conductivity, fittings the temperature observations with
a 2D pseudo homogenous model accounting for hydrodynamics. Third,
mass transfer experiments are carried out to determine the mass transfer
dispersion coefficient by fitting effluent concentration of CO2, compound
used as the tracer, with a 2D pseudo homogenous model. In the biotic
stage, an extrinsic but macroscopic kinetic model, based on the effluent
observations of O2, CO2, H2O and protease activity, is developed. Studies
on biotic conditions allow the characterization of how transport phenom-
ena interact with kinetics. In heat transfer, effective thermal conductivity
and wall heat transfer coefficient present a value of 0.158W m−1K −1 and
0.0511W m−2K −1 at the studied inlet volumetric flow. In mass transfer
studies, the dispersion coefficient presents values ranging from 0.123 to
0.220m2s−1 at inlet flows between 200 − 400mL/min, respectively. Dur-
ing the SSF, the maximum the production of CO2, 11.83mg g −1h−1, and
protease activity (40U gms−1) were obtained at 36 hours of culture.
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Fundamental study of the Oxidative

Dehydrogenation of ethane over a N iO in a
packed bed reactor with low tube to particle
diameter ratio: Evaluation of kinetics and
hydrodynamics in heat transfer
Alejandro Romero-Limones
romero1992@xanum.uam.mx
Abstract
Ethylene is the chemical compound most produce in the chemical in-

dustry, its production is mainly by highly endothermic processes: Thermal
Cracking, Fluid Catalytic Cracking and Catalytic Dehydrogenation. These
processes are highly endothermic, this means that a high economic demand
is required to provide the necessary energy for the proper functioning of
these, coupled with the fact that greenhouse emissions, like COx, are not
controlled at all. An alternative reaction proposed to produce ethylene is
the Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Ethane (ODH − Et). Nevertheless, to
the best of our knowledge, to this day there are not a pilot plant or indus-
trial scale process for this reaction, this due to the engineering challenges
that exist both at the catalyst level and the reactor level. In terms of
the catalyst, a highly selective to ethylene and active material is needed.
N i − based catalysts are promising materials to be implemented industri-
ally. However, this has not been possible due to the lack of understanding
about the catalytic and, essentially, kinetic role of Ni on the catalyst surface
for the ODH − Et, this is, there is uncertainty about the type of oxygen
that reacts on the catalytic surface, it is not clear if ethane reacts from the
gas phase or as an adsorbed species on the catalyst, species that promote
the formation of COx have not been identified, among other uncertainties.
A proposal that has been found in the literature for a greater understand-
ing of the kinetics in the surface of the catalyst, for other reactions, is the
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development of a kinetic model at the elementary level or a microkinetic

model. That means a model that considers reaction steps at elementary
level and a catalyst that essentially considers the metal that participates
as the active site during the reaction, so that this type of model does not
have the only objective of describing experimental data of the reaction, but
have a greater understanding and information about the reaction steps, as
it can be the enthalpy of the reaction considering intermediaries, the iden-
tification of the rate-determining step and the most abundant species on
the catalytic surface. With this information, it can have a more rational
design of the industrial reactor and new catalysts. At the reactor level,
the literature suggests a packed bed reactor with a low tube to particle
diameter ratio that operates in a non-isothermal and non-adiabatic way as
a promising technology to carry out the ODH − Et, but, nowadays there
is not a trustworthy developed model for the design of this kind of reac-
tor. Particularly, for this kind of reactors, it has not achieved to develop a
model that describes adequately the heat transfer with and without reac-
tion, this due to the complex interaction of these mechanisms. Some issues
that it has been found in the literature are the neglecting of hydrodynamics
mechanisms within the packed bed with low tube to particle diameter ra-
tio, use of correlations from literature to calculate effective parameters, the
high cross-correlation between estimated parameters, lack on the experi-
mental temperature measurements, description of the transience, among
other issues. The objective of this work is to develop a multi-scale model
of a packed bed reactor with a low tube to particle diameter ratio and a
cooled wall where the ODH − Et is carried out using a N iO catalyst.
First, an intrinsic kinetic study at the elementary level of the ODH − Et
in N iO will be realized to characterize and understand the kinetic role of
the Ni in the reaction. Then, a hydrodynamic and heat transfer, without
reaction, study will be carried out to characterize and understand these
mechanisms. New approaches to characterize heat transfer in absence of
reaction are proposed. Kinetic and heat transfer studies will be realized in
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a range of operational conditions significant to the industry. Finally, once

kinetics and heat transfer have been characterized, this information will be
integrated into an industrial packed bed reactor model. Also, a parametric
sensitivity study will be done to understand the multi-scale behaviour of
the ODH − Et using N iO. Particularly, this study will allow the under-
standing of the behaviour of the ODH − Et at the N iO catalyst level
and its interaction with the hydrodynamics, heat, and mass transfer mech-
anisms at the reactor level. The results of this research will allow in the
future the conceptual design of an industrial reactor for the ODH − Et to
produce ethylene.
Hydrodeoxygenation of guaiacol over rhodium

supported on HY
Andrés A. Granados-Fócil*, Sergio Granados-Fócil, Misael Conde, José
A. De los Reyes.
*granadosandres@hotmail.com
Abstract
In this work, we have evaluated the HDO of phenol, anisole and guaiacol
as model compounds for lignin-based biomass. Our experiments confirmed
a certain degree of conversion occurs, even at low temperature, and reach-
ing a maximum of deoxygenation at 250◦C. For all the HDO tests, we
explore the effects on HDO of these oxygenated molecules varying the feed
composition, mass reactive flow rate and temperature reaction on activity,
product yield and catalyst stability at high pressure over acidic zeolite HY
doped by rhodium. Our study indicates, in all range temperature, that
a nearby interaction between rhodium metal site and acid sites enhanced
a complete removal of oxygen for guaiacol, phenol and anisole by a full
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hydrogenation-dehydration mechanism. As well, these catalysts were re-

generable and showed an unexpected improve of activity with no significant
differences in selectivity forward complete deoxygenated compounds. Fi-
nally, a slightly increase in rhodium metal concentration lead to a longer
lifetime operation even at higher mass flow feed of oxygenated.
Spatial analysis of fish richness of the Eastern

Tropical Pacific
Javier Rosas López*, Omar Tapia Silva y Andrés López Pérez
*rosas.lopezrj@gmail.com
Abstract
The richness of species is an indicator of the biological diversity of a geo-

graphical area and has been referred to as a proxy to know the functioning
of ecosystems. To date, large regions of the ocean for which the species
richness is unknown are still not prospected. Therefore, the objective of de-
termining the spatial variability of the fish richness of the Tropical Eastern
Pacific arises, through geostatistical techniques, such as spatial prediction,
which allow to obtain values of richness for unsampled sites. The results ob-
tained indicate a concentration of species richness in island zones, mainly in
Galapagos, Malpelo, Cocos and Revillagigedos. The Mexican and Central
American coasts were also determined with high indices of fish richness.
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Kinetic Assessment of the Oxative

Dehydrogenation of Ethane Using a N iSnO
catalysts
Carlos Alvarado C.*, Joris W. Thybaut, Richard S. Ruiz, Ariadna A.
Morales, Carlos O. Castillo-Araiza
*caralvcam@hotmail.com
Abstract
The oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane (ODH − C2) appears to be

the most promising alternative to produce ethylene when compared with
conventional processes. Nevertheless, there are nowadays two main chal-
lenges to implement the ODH − C2 at industrial level: the design and
kinetic characterization of a catalyst leading to a large activity and selec-
tivity to ethylene; and the design of the industrial reactor accounting for
the thermodynamic and kinetic properties of the reaction. Due to their
selectivity to ethylene, nickel (N i) and vanadium (V ) based catalysts have
been identified as the most promising materials for the ODH − C2; never-
theless, their activity regarding conversion is still low to implement these
materials at the industrial level. In this work, the ODH − C2 takes place
over a high selectivity N iSnO mixed oxide, which is synthesized by the
evaporation method reported elsewhere. To overcome its limitations due
to the low activity, this N iSnO mixed oxide is kinetically characterized
at reaction operation pressures of 1bar, temperatures from 350 to 450◦C,
and inlet concentration of O2 from 3 to 9%mol. The N iSnO is evaluated
in a microreaction unit, MICROMERITICS PID ENG & TECH model
M A12216. The kinetic evaluation of N iSnO uses an experimental design,
the rotatable composite central type, based on a response surface method;
namely the response variables are conversion of ethane (XC2H6) and the
selectivity to ethylene and carbon oxides (Si), whereas the factors tem-
perature, and inlet concentration of O2. Finally, using the experimental
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data obtained of the response surface method, it is relate operating condi-

tion with reaction rates and the corresponding reaction mechanism taking
place at studied operating conditions, kinetic models based on Langmuir-
Hinshelwood-Hougen-Watson (LHHW) and Mars-van Krevelen (MvK) for-
malisms are developed following the pseudo-equilibrium state approach.
Physicochemical and statistical criteria are employed to evaluate LHHW
and MvK formalisms to elucidate the macroscopic mechanism involved in
the ODH − C2 over a N iSnO.
Minimum number of matches problem in heat

recovery network design using the metaheuristic
optimization technique-Tabu search
Luis E. Pedroza-Robles A.*, Juan M. Zamora M.
*rene pedroza@hotmail.com
Abstract
The use of energy is present in all human activities. Greenhouse gases
and climate change are some of the effects of a model society based on ex-
cessive energy consumption. The industrial sector is characterized by using
energy intensively, positioning itself as the sector of greatest consumption.
Additionally their associate energy systems represent an important part
of the total cost of the process itself. For these reasons, the integration
projects in industrial sites are one of the best ways of improves energy
utilization. The design of heat exchanger networks (HEN) is a very impor-
tant topic in chemical engineering and one of the key factors in a profitable
industry since links the process flowsheet and the utility system by the
development of systematic methodologies to utilize the available heat from
processes streams in an efficient way. Particularly the mathematical pro-
gramming procedures seeks generate HEN designs automatically with the
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minimal handmade in which a compromise between operation cost (utility

system) and capital cost (units of heat exchangers) has to be considered
to conclude in the best possible network design in cost terms. On the
other side, HENS is a challenging task since it results in a combinato-
rial, non-linear and a non-convex optimization problem. To overcome the
aforementioned difficulties sequential methodologies are a useful approach.
These methodologies decompose the original problem into a set of compu-
tationally simpler sub-problems. Even when sequential strategies cannot
guarantee a global optimal solution because considerable networks are omit-
ted in the assumptions and simplifications of each sub-problem, there are
still a practical way of construct efficient feasible networks. Usually the
sequential method decomposes the original HENS problem into the three
sub-problems (Biegler et al., 1997): (i) minimizing utility cost as a linear
program (LP) mathematical model, (ii) minimizing the number of matches
as a mixed integer linear programming model (MILP), and (iii) minimizing
the investment cost as a nonlinear program (NLP). This work investigates
the minimum number of matches sub-problem (Cerda and Westerberg,
1983) which is the main bottleneck in the sequential strategies. This prob-
lem belongs to an especially difficult class of problems named NP-Hard
in the strong sense; in computational complexity theory this means that
it is not possible to develop a deterministic algorithm to solve the prob-
lem in an efficient time. Tabu Search (Glover and Laguna, 1997). is a
meta-heuristic approach for solving combinatorial optimization problems
by using a guided, local search procedure to explore the entire solution
space without becoming easily trapped in local optima. In overview, the
overall approach consist of avoid get trapped in local optima by forbid-
ding or penalizing moves which take the solution, in the next iteration, to
points in the solution space previously visited (hence “tabu”), The method
is still actively researched, and is continuing to evolve and improve. Tabu
search method has been successfully applied to a several chemical engi-
neering problems, however the minimum matches sub-problem for heat
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exchanger networks it has only been solved with deterministic and ap-
proximated mathematical methods. In this work a comparative between a
deterministic CPLEX/GAMS solver and a Tabu Search fully programmed
form the root is carried out. Some benchmark representative problems in
HENS are considered to prove the advantages and deficiencies of the Tabu
Search method.
Hydrometallurgy process for the recovery of

copper from mining tailings in the state of
Zacatecas
L. Segura-Morales, H. Lazo-Esparragoza, J.G. Martı́nez-Rosas, G.T.
Lapidus-Lavine., A. Ruiz-Sánchez*
*sanchez.angel@hotmail.com
Abstract
Mining tailings are mineral waste after recovering metals with greater
interest (Cu, Ag, Au, Zn). Therefore, this waste contains toxic metals
(As, P b, Cd, and Hg) and different sulfides (main pyrite) responsible for
the generation of acid mine drainage (AMD), which allows the mobility
of toxic metals and consequently the contamination of aquifers. However,
the incomplete extraction of metals of economic interest in traditional pro-
cessing allows these residues to be considered as a possible resource for the
recovery of some metals, for example, copper. In this sense, a study of the
different chemical phases and the content of metals is important, first to
identify the danger of them, and second, to propose a process that helps
stop the generation of AMD but also allows the recovery of copper at mod-
erate conditions. Therefore, in this work, a sample of mining tailings from
Zacatecas was studied. The results confirmed the generation of acid mine
drainage (AMD) and the chemical analysis yielded the following metallic
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content: 6kg of Cu, 9kg of Zn, 1.47kg of P b and 210kg of F e, per ton
of mine tailings, respectively. In addition, through the sequential extrac-
tion technique, it was confirmed that 90% of the total phases are sulfides,
silicates and inert material; while 10% are oxides, sulfates and carbonates
(solid phases that are easy to leach under moderate conditions). Finally,
a complete process was proposed (leaching, purification of the solution by
extraction with solvent, extraction and, electrodeposition) for the recovery
of 75% of copper at room temperature in an aqueous solution of sulfuric
acid.
Average velocity profile in a channel partially

filled with a porous medium
Roel Hernandez-Rodriguez*, J. Alberto Ochoa-Tapia
*orel 2164@hotmail.com
Abstract
In this work, it is shown that the one-domain approach (Goyeau et
al, 2003) can be used to model precisely the average fluid velocity in a
channel partially filled with a porous medium. This conclusion is drawn
from the comparison of the averages obtained from the solution of the
effective transport equations, with position dependent coefficients, and the
ones resulting by direct integration of the local velocity values. These were
obtained by the solution of the boundary value problem given by Stokes and
continuity equations subjected to the no slip condition at the surface of the
solid particles and the limiting walls of the channel. It must be mentioned
that the comparison at the transition region between the porous media
and the fluid is also very good. Initially, the methodology was derived for
porous media formed by parallel plates. In this way, the local velocity,
the average velocity, the permeability and the fluid volume fraction could
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be obtained by analytical expressions (Ochoa-Tapia et al, 2017). However,

recently the same kind of results has been obtained using particulate porous
media, which for the comparison required the numerical solution of the
fully developed Stokes flow problem in the whole system. In principle,
the methodology could be extended for porous media of microstructure as
complex as required.
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Biological and health sciences
Comparative study of the quantum efficiency of 4

elements of the Sumerged Acuatic Vegetation in
the coasts of The Gulf of Mexico and Yucatan
Sergio Armando Fuentes Agueda*, Margarita Elizabeth Gallegos
Martı́nez y José Alfredo Arévalo Ramı́rez
*kamahl2004@gmail.com
Abstract
Seagrasses are angiosperms that life mostly in the ocean. Also they
have an ecological and economical importance, like having a highly pri-
mary production (500 − 4000g carbon/m2/year) and give nursement to
invertebrates, like crustaceans and bivalves, fishes and other important eco-
nomical species like octopus. One of the strategies for evaluating the health
of seagrasses is the evaluation of the quantum efficiency, which is the reg-
ister of the activity of the photosystem 2 in plants. The dark adapted
method, is the most convenient and useful method in seagrasses. Not only
it helps us to measure quantum efficiency (Fv/Fm) in basal status also
it is related to the oxygen consume and carbon assimilation. The objec-
tive of the study was to obtain the basic parameters of Fv/Fm (Average,
maximum and minimum) of the species Thalassia testudinum, Hallodule
wrightii, Syringodium filiforme y Caulerpa paspaloides var. wurdemanni.
Vertical shots and fronds of T. testudinum, H. wrightii, S. filiforme and
C. paspaloides var. wurdemanni were collected in the coasts of Campeche
and Yucatan during the years 2016 and 2017. They were in dark condi-
tions in less than 24 hours and with a Pulse-amplitude modulated (PAM)
chlorophyll fluorometer it was register the Fv/Fm of the youngest leafs and
fronds. T. testudinum with 1341 registers it has an average of 0.725 and a
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maximum and minimum of 0.841 y 0.131 respectively. H. wrightii with 459

registers it has an average of 0.679 and a maximum and minimum of 0.841 y
0.131 respectively. S. filiforme with 603 registers it has an average of 0.696
and a maximum and minimum of 0.838 y 0.153 and C. paspaloides var.
wurdemanni with 500 registers it has an average of 0.585 a maximum and
minimum of 0.774 y 0.054. Although the literature records that seagrasses
that has mora than 0.7 are healthy, we see that H. wrightii, S. filiforme
and C. paspaloides var. wurdemanni has less than that value. It could be
explain that these species their photosystem 2 required less electrons for
their photosynthetic activities. We can conclude that T. testudinum is the
species that has more quantum efficiency and is resilient to temperatures
and tide changes.
Ureolytic Biofilm Formation from a Microbial

Consortium on Graphite
Marı́a C. Romero*, Guadalupe Ramos, Ignacio González, Florina.
Ramı́rez
*concepcionmacoro@gmail.com
Abstract
Urea Hydrolysis by Biofilms composed of urease producing bacteria are
of primordial interest in several fields. The ureolysis at circumneutral pH
requires water and a proton producing two molecules of ammonium ions
and one molecule of bicarbonate ion. The consumption of one proton
increases the pH and carbonate mineral precipitation (biomineralization)
may proceed when calcium or other divalent cations are present. This bio-
chemical process can be useful for applications such as building materials,
soil stabilization, and contaminant remediation; it is also of interest to in-
dustrial, agricultural and wastewater treatment. To increase the ureolysis
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rate new methods should be sought to maintain bacterial cells adhered to

different solid surfaces However, biofilms are generally studied by imaging,
rheological and physical techniques which are difficult to implement and
do not represent an efficient form of metabolic evaluation, thus it is nec-
essary to develop alternative techniques that allow the direct study of the
biofilms properties. In light of this scenario, the present work proposes
the selection of a microbial consortium from cow dung and the study of
the formation and growth of an ureolytic biofilm on graphite surfaces by
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) without noticeable modifi-
cations of the biofilm. EIS spectra were obtained at open circuit potential
(OCP) (without additional electric perturbation apart from sinusoidal per-
turbation ±10mV ), during the time of immersion of graphite in the culture
medium, in the absence (Control) and presence of bacteria (Biotic). The
results indicate that the spectra of both control and biotic conditions ex-
hibit just one time constant. Moreover, spectra adjustment to equivalent
electric circuits indicates that the biofilm adhesion is directly related to
the modification of the capacitance, while the generation of ammonium
ions directly influences the decrease in electrical resistance of the culture
medium. The biofilm maturation and its interaction with the graphite sur-
face induces lower charge transfer resistance, which can be applied as a
novel technology for the urea hydrolysis. SEM and CLSM images confirm
the presence of ureolytic biofilm and confirm the interpretations obtained
by EIS.
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Chemistry
Recent developments and perspectives in

metal-air batteries
D. Gómez-Cholula*, R. Ojeda-López, G. Ramos-Sánchez, I. Gonzalez
*deysigcholula@gmail.com
Abstract
Metal air batteries have driven research efforts in the past years due
to promising electrochemical performance and high energy density, which
could go beyond Li-ion batteries, with a wide variety of applications such
as electric vehicles. However, the kinetics of the electrochemical reactions
(such as the ORR) are slow and the volatility and stability of the elec-
trolytes make the practical application of metal-air batteries a challenge.
Metal air batteries are made up of four parts: a reactive gas, electrolyte,
metal anode and an air cathode, the latter being of interest in the present
work. The air cathode must have three characteristics: massive and con-
nected channels for the diffusion of the gas and the deposition of the dis-
charge product, good electrical conductivity to facilitate electron transfer
and high catalytic activity for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction (ORR).
Carbon-based materials have been explored as cathodes for metal-air bat-
teries due to their excellent electrical conductivity and high porosity. These
properties facilitate the diffusion of gases, the immersion of electrolytes
and the transfer of electrons. Carbon-based cathodes for metal-air batter-
ies have been studied to a large extent and as a result it has been found
that nanostructured carbon configurations can improve the kinetics of the
electrochemical process. In recent studies, carbon nanofibers (CNF) with
micron-sized pores and mesopores in cathodes for metal-air batteries have
shown a decrease in the overpotential. Furthermore, in this work CNF’s
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have been modified with the inclusion of nitrogen as a dopant that leads to
a single phase material possessing good properties as support (high area,
good electrical conductivity and transport of species) while the presence of
nitrogen leads to enhanced catalytic activity towards the ORR. To increase
the functionality of the CFN’s, carbon nanofibers doped with Co − N ,
N i − N and F e − N are proposed as a new electrocatalyst, aiming to
improve the catalytic activity towards the ORR in metal-air batteries. De-
spite the diminishment of the specific surface area of the CNF’s through the
inclusion of the metals, there is an increase towards the ORR in comparison
to N-doped fibres. This performance can be attributed to the modification
of the electronic structure by the presence of both N and M doped sites.
Decreasing capacity fade of Li-Ion batteries

through the use of blended Li2CuO2 − LiM X
cathodes, LiM X = LiF eP O4, LiCoO2 and LiM n2O4
C.I. López Vicente, C. Juarez Yescas*, G. Guzmán, G. Ramos Sánchez,
and I. González
*carlosjy@xanum.uam.mx
Abstract
Li-Ion batteries (LIB) currently dominate in portable technology ap-

plications, however the demand for higher energy density materials has
increased alongside the development of new technologies such as mass pro-
duced consumer electric vehicles (EVs) and the implementation of renew-
able energy sources. Many commercial active materials such as LiF eP O4
and LiCoO2 have good specific capacities (170mAh/g and 4274mAh/g
respectively) and high cyclability but are unable to meet the necessities
in applications such as EV’s in terms of energy density. Li2CuO2 is a
promising material with a theoretical capacity of 490mAhg −1; however,
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it exhibits a large capacity fade. With this materials, high capacities are
only obtained during the first cycle, subsequent cycles present large ca-
pacity fade mainly due to structural transformations of the orthorhombic
Li2CuO2 to densely packed layered structure during charging. An alterna-
tive to diminish the capacity fade in Li2CuO2 is through the use of blended
materials. It has been demonstrated that the use of blended cathodes is
a convenient method for improving the performance of Lithium ion bat-
teries by exploiting the advantageous properties of the parent materials.
Blended cathodes allow the tailoring of cathodes with specific character-
istics, often beyond the capabilities of any of the parent materials. The
present work aims to utilize commercial active materials to stabilize the
Li2CuO2 phase and inhibit its degradation via blending. The materials
chosen for this study are LiF eP O4, LiCoO2 and LiM n2O4 considering
their high stability, different structure and different average operation volt-
ages (olivine/3.4V , layered/3.8V , spinel/4.1V respectively). The blending
process carried out in this study is via ball mill, because preliminary results
have shown that physical mixing via stirring does not yield important syner-
gic effects between the blended materials. Cycling Li2CuO2 at 0.1C yields
an initial capacity of 165mAhg −1, with a capacity fade of 55mAhg −1 after
only ten cycles, while Li2CuO2/LiF eP O4 cathode blends exhibit only a
22mAhg −1 capacity fade, despite an initial capacity of 120mAhg −1. Fur-
thermore Li2CuO2/LiCoO2 cathode blends only present a capacity fade of
6mAhg −1 after ten cycles, with an initial capacity of 112mAhg −1. Lastly,
preliminary results of the Li2CuO2/LiM n2O4 blends have also shown a
slight improvement with respect to cyclability. It is evident that the dif-
ferent structure and average voltage of the secondary active material has
a large impact on the capacity fade of the blended cathode, it is of great
interest to identify the key parameters which optimize the performance
of the blended cathode through further analysis by spectroscopic meth-
ods. The authors thank CONACyT project No. 1456 and SECITI project
seciti/080/2017 for the financial support.
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Synthesis and characterization of gold

nanoparticles modified with curcumin
Verónica Santamarı́a Dávila*, Elizabeth Maldonado Alvarado, Nikola
Batina Skeledzija
*verovsd@gmail.com
Abstract
Synthesis and characterization of gold nanoparticles modified with cur-

cumin. The use of nanodrugs to treat diseases is increasingly present. An
example of this are the gold nanoparticles used as vehicles for drugs di-
rected to specific places for early diagnosis of cancer and treatment, since
they have excellent compatibility and physical characteristics (shape and
size) that allow their easy modification. On the other hand, there are re-
cent studies focused on the use of curcumin to fight cancer since it has anti-
cancer, anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory and immunological
activity pharmacological properties, studied by several researchers because
in ancient times it was used as a natural remedy in the traditional medicine
from China and India. The clinical use of curcumin has been limited due
to its low bioavailability and fast degradation in the liver, there is a need
to develop new nanoparticle systems that increase the biological activity of
curcumin. So, a simple and accessible way for the synthesis of gold nanopar-
ticles with curcumin is presented, since both are potential candidates for
the manufacture of nanodrugs. Aditionally presenting a detailed of charac-
terization nanosystem method through UV-Visible spectroscopy, infrared
spectroscopy (ATR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission
Electron Microscopy (TEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Nanopar-
ticle Tracking Analysis (NTA), Dynamic Light Scatterig (DLS) and zeta
potential. The detailed characterization of the gold nanoparticle synthesis
with curcumin allows to see the modification and behavior at vacuum and
aqueous medium; giving important information to be able to continue with
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a next stage of modification and optimization of gold nanoparticles with

curcumin to its use as nanodrugs against cancer with high efficiency in the
elimination of cancer cells.
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Electrical engineering
Detection of events in the driving of land vehicles

through inertial sensors
Oscar Huerta Solis*, Luis Martı́n Rojas Cárdenas, Gonzalo Vı́ctor Rojas
Cárdenas
*lm348n@gmail.com
Abstract
Traffic accidents can cause human and material losses worldwide. Due to
this, different entities in each society try to reduce the problem through dif-
ferent mechanisms, among which are the systems of automatic evaluation
of driving habits. A fundamental part in some of these systems is the de-
tection of basic events such as laps, braking and acceleration. In this article
we present a system for the detection of driving events through inertial sen-
sors. The detection is done in two parts: First, a possible event is located
in the Mobile Quadratic Mean (MQM) of the information flow delivered by
the sensors. Second, the possible event is compared to a set of representa-
tive basic events that we call ”reference.” The comparison process employs
the Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) and K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) algo-
rithms. In our system we highlight the recognition of two events that have
not been considered previously in other articles, specifically the occurrence
of bumps and potholes, which are unusual in industrialized countries. On
the other hand, the DTW and KNN algorithms do not demand a large
amount of computing power, so they are able to operate in real time, and
with this the implementation was carried out in an embedded Raspberry
Pi computer, which can be placed on the board of a car.
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Study and adaptation of the AES cryptographic

algorithm for cognitive Radios
Cuevas Papalotzin H.Cristina*, Enrique Rodrı́guez de la Colina,
Leonardo Palacios Luengas”
*silver12cris@hotmail.com
Abstract
Due to the overpopulation of wireless communication devices coupled

with the deficient administration of the radioelectric spectrum there is a
spectrum scarcity for communications. The cognitive radio is the paradigm
proposed to mitigate the problem of scarcity of the radio spectrum. The
cognitive Radio is vulnerable to some attacks, in addition to complicating
the transmission of multimedia resources as images due to the high vol-
ume of information they contain. In this work we propose adapting the
Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm to protect images that
are transmitted through cognitive radio communications. The proposed
algorithm must be tolerant to interruptions and lighter and faster than the
standard AES.
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Posters
Mathematics
Basic Aspects of Modelling Transit

Marı́a Victoria Chávez Hernández
vicky.fis@gmail.com
Abstract
Modelling transit is a task that requires knowledge of several areas. For
example; transit engineering for network design, psychology to understand
human behaviour and with it the decision making, mathematics to build
models, numerical methods and optimization to solve the problem. In
this talk I am going to focus on the problem of transit assignment, which
consists on distribute the demand for travel over a transit network. To
formulate the problem mathematically, I will begin by defining some of
the characteristics of a transit network: infrastructure, vehicles, available
modes of transport and so on. Later, I will talk about the inconveniences
that arise when modelling transportation in large urban areas such as the
Valley of Mexico.
A gently tour on Topology

Luis Enrique Gutiérrez Domı́nguez
lenriquegudo@hotmail.com
Abstract
In this talk we will review some classic results on basic Topology and we
will study some of the problems that inspired the beginning of this topic.
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Posters
Functional Calculus
Luis Daniel Regalado Hernandez
l.omega0613@gmail.com
Abstract
A brief introduction to Functional Calculus and its applications.
The beginnings of Graph Theory: The seven

bridges of Königsberg
M.E. Martı́nez-Cuero
sherlyroses@hotmail.com
Abstract
We will review the Seven Bridge of Königsberg as was presented by Euler

in 1736. This problem set the foundations for Graph Theory.
Shallow Water Equations

Jessica Rojas
jessrocu@gmail.com
Abstract
The shallow water equations are nonlinear hyperbolic equations and usu-
ally numerical methods are needed to find solutions. Also, these equations
may develop discontinuous solution even if the initial data is continuous, so
special numerical techniques must be designed to capture this phenomenon.
Finite volume methods, and in particular Godunov schemes, have shown
to be a good option in such cases. In this work we present the solutions
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obtained with different schemes when the topography is flat and also when
it is not flat.
On Q-algebras
Yuliana Zárate
zayurizarate01@gmail.com
Abstract
We will Review some fundamental concepts and theorems on topological

Q-algebras.
Analysis of claims in Civil Liability insurance

automobiles: Proposal to determine a minimum
amount of mandatory insurance coverage to
protect victims
César Otilio Nava Fuerte*, Blanca Rosa Perez Salvador
*csr oti nava frt@hotmail.com
Abstract
In the world, death from car accidents is becoming a global health prob-
lem, the strategy to follow has a purpose, is to reduce half the number of
car accidents by 2020. Mexico is part of this plan and makes the programs
try to reduce. One of them is to ensure health and treatment for the most
vulnerable victims, here is the so-called third-party damage insurance. The
objective of the project is that, based on data collected from accidents, it is
possible to establish a minimum coverage for this type of insurance. Using
statistics tools, such as generalized linear models, can establish and predict
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the behavior and severity of these. To give insurers a range capable of

covering the injured based on an objective analysis.
Simulation of two phase flow for the problem of

fines detachment induced by low salinity water
injection
Francisco Javier Martinez Deferia*, Marı́a Luisa Sandoval Solı́s, Manuel
Coronado Gallardo
*fjmartinezdeferia@gmail.com
Abstract
We present the model associated to fines detachment induced by low

salinity water injection. This model considers: two-phase flow (oil-water),
salinity transport and dynamics of fines (detachment, migration and clog-
ging). We show the results respect to two-phase flow. We implemented a
scheme IMPES (Implicit pressure-Explicit saturation). To solve the pres-
sure and velocity we used the Finite Element Method (FEM). The Discon-
tinuous Galerkin method (DG) it is used for saturation.
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Physics
Structural transition in liquid crystal fibers of
bend core mesogens from field-theory Monte
Carlo simulations
Noe Atzin*, Orlando Guzman
*noe.atzin@gmail.com
Abstract
Fibers of liquid crystal of bend-core mesogens present an internal struc-

ture with an smectic-layer spiral and they can be used optical wave-guides.
We use a field-theoretical Monte Carlo simulation to analyze the internal
configuration of such fibers as function of the radial coordinate and study
their equilibrium states. The equilibrium states show inhomogeneous con-
figurations that display a boundary layer and a first order transition in the
internal structure configuration.
Stiffness of liver-mimicking phantom by Magnetic

Resonance Elastography
Guadalupe Sagaon Rojas*, Pilar Dies, Silvia S Hidalgo Tobón
*sagaonrst@gmail.com
Abstract
Magnetic Resonance Elastography (MRE) is a powerful technique that

presents a graphic scheme of how the properties of different tissues re-
spond when stimulated with mechanical waves. The distortion of the
wave suggests an increase in the tissue stiffness. The increase in the stiff-
ness has been identified as pathologies. Four phantoms of grenetine gel
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were produced. The phantoms were created to mimic lesions with var-
ied stiffness. The grenetine concentrations included were 10%, 15% and
20% with the same dimensions. The samples were introduced in a base
with a concentration of 5%of grenetine gel. All images were collected at
3.0 T Siemens scanner using the sequence gradient-recalled echo (GRE)
based MRE two-dimensional, TR=50 msec, flip angle=25, FoV= 271 mm,
slice thickness=5mm. This experiment demonstrated that the technique
of Magnetic Resonance Elastography (MRE) shows the map of stiffness in
tissue and the way in which mechanical waves propagate in tissue with dif-
ferent densities. The wave pattern shows how the different stiffness destroys
gradually the wave.
Propagator of a charged particle in a uniform

magnetic field in a noncommutative plane, using
path integrals
Román Linares Romero, Jose Manuel Silva Morales, Brenda Tlatelpa
Mascote*
*brenda 19.pink@hotmail.com
Abstract
The solution of a non-relativistic free particle in a plane does not com-

mutative replaces the idea of the description of the system as flat waves
and expose the solution as Gaussian packages. To level the propagation
of the difference position of the particle, described by a Dirac delta, in an
extended position described by a Gaussian function. When this quantum
result is introduced in a semi-classical calculation of the thermodynamic
properties of a Schwarzschild black hole, the description of the evaporation
of the hole is improved. Specifically instead of the temperature increas-
ing when the mass decreases, now the temperature reaches zero at a finite
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mass. This result led the community to generalize the result to a black
hole with charge. Through reasonable arguments it was also proposed to
replace the punctual nature of the electric charge by a Gaussian charge
distribution, however in this case there is no calculation analogous to that
of the free particle that inspires the replacement. In this work we calcu-
late the propagator of a charged particle in a uniform magnetic field in a
noncommutative plane using the path integral to justify replacement in the
functional form of the electric charge.
Smarr formula for Einstein-Born-Infeld-AdS black

holes
Angélica González*, Román Linares, Marco Maceda
*gombstar@yahoo.com.mx
Abstract
We analyze the Smarr’s formula for solutions static and asymptotically

AdS black holes of space-time Einstein-Born-Infeld-anti-de Sitter. The pa-
rameter Λ < 0 is interpreted as a thermodynamic pressure. The parameter
b is the Born-Infeld vacuum polarization and is necessary for consistency of
the Smarr’s formula. We can study extended phase space thermodynamics
for black holes.
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Posters
Modified dispersion relations and effects on

cosmic rays
Jairo Villafuerte Lara*, Marco A. Maceda Santamarı́a.
*jairofis@gmail.com
Abstract
In the present work we give a brief overview of the implications of con-

sidering modified dispersion relationships and their effects on cosmic rays,
since in recent years the discovery of highly energetic events in the cosmos
such as gamma ray bursts give us the possibility of investigating proper-
ties in the structure of space-time which leads us to the study of theories of
quantum gravity, and paying special attention to those theories of quantum
gravity that are based on a deformation to the classical dispersion relation
of the photons in the empty. and two examples are analyzed where this
type of modifications are considered, one case is for a modified Dirac equa-
tion and another case for the Compton effect with a modified dispersion
relation.
Magnetic field influence on Brownian motion in a

viscoelastic fluid
J.C. Hidalgo-Gonzalez* and J.I. Jiménez-Aquino
*juliochg@xanum.uam.mx
Abstract
In this work we study the Brownian motion of a charged particle embed-

ded in a viscoelastic (Maxwell) fluid and under action a constant magnetic
field. The theory relies upon a generalized Langevin equation characterized
by an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck friction memory kernel. We calculate the mean
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square displacement as well as the diffusion coefficient in the high friction

limiting case. The theoretical results are also compared with other limiting
cases
Bose–Einstein condensates in extra–compact

dimensions
S. Gutiérrez*, A. Camacho, H. Rı́os
*sergiogs@xanum.uam.mx
Abstract
Some gravitational models include the hypothesis of the existence of
extra–compact dimensions, but these theories have not been proven or dis-
missed. This kind of additional parameters (the number of extra-compact
dimensions), has real consequences on many thermodynamical quantities
that come from the partition function. In particular, the condensation tem-
perature of a Bose–Einstein condensate depends on the number and size of
the extra-compact dimensions.
Clinical impact of image guided radiotherapy

Hugo Cortés Gómez*, J. Alfredo Herrera González
*dashugoboss@gmail.com
Abstract
Image-guided radiotherapy (RTGI) consists of the use of images during
an external radiotherapy treatment whose objective is to maximize the dose
deposited at a target volume (tumor) and minimize the dose in healthy
organs. The treatment of the RTGI is done by means of a tomographic
system called kV-CBCT incorporated in the linear accelerator, to verify
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the accuracy of the positioning of the patient. If this is incorrect, the

system calculates displacements to correct it. In this paper, a clinical case
of a patient with prostate cancer is presented, who was acquired images
of the CBCT each day of his treatment and based on the displacements
made, a new planning was generated inducing errors (without considering
displacements). To analyze the the risk to healthy organs, particularly
the rectum, the dose-volume histograms of this erroneous treatment were
compared with the correct treatment. An increase in the dose was found
for the case without displacement. This result highlights the importance
of the IGRT to minimize the dose to healthy organs.
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Posters
Process engineering and hydraulic

Differential Electrochemical Mass Spectrometry
applied to the determination of gaseous species
generated during lithium ion battery operation
Maricruz Bautista Ramı́rez* and J. Guadalupe Ramos Sánchez
*iqmaribautista@gmail.com
Abstract
The fast progress in Lithium Ion Batteries (LIB) has increased the need
for more efficient devices, the active materials commercially used as cath-
odes are oxides such as LiM n2O4, LiF eP O4 and LiCoO2. These ma-
terials present interesting properties, however they are costly and involve
complicated synthesis processes. The Prussian Blue Analogues (PBA’s)
have been proposed as active materials for the cathode of LIB, since they
possess high reversibility towards Li insertion/deinsertion, are environmen-
tally benign and involve straightforward synthesis processes. However, one
of the main problems associated to the utilization of PBA’s is the instability
in the process of charge and discharge due the presence of water, limiting
the insertion of lithium ions and generating the evolution of gases as CO2
and O2 due interaction with the electrolyte. In particular, gas evolution in
Li-ion batteries represents a major problem, because it can cause ignition
and explosion. Thus, an assessment of the stability of electrode/electrolyte
combinations is very important as well as the determination of the amount
of generated gases at each potential. In this work, differential electrochem-
ical mass spectrometry is utilized for the analysis of evolved gases (CO2
and O2) in the PBA’s (working electrode), using a ECC-DEMS cell, 1M
LiP F 6/1 EC : 1 DC% v/v as electrolyte and lithium as reference and
counter electrode.
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Recovery of lithium from leaching through

electro-adsorption
Encinas Reyes Mar Bella*, Ramos Sánchez Guadalupe, Oliver Tolentino
Miguel Angel, Aguilar Eseiza Noe, Baruch Garduza Ernesto, Diaz Chavez
Lezly Mareón
*iqmarbella.er@gmail.com
Abstract
The recycling of valuable metals from used batteries is important to

avoid environmental contamination, as well as the economic opportunity
to recover and reuse valuable metals at the end of the battery’s useful life.
To carry out the recovery of Li, the battery components were processed
in an acid leach reactor obtaining a lixiviated liquor where complex metals
are found. This work focuses on the recovery of lithium, for which purpose
it is proposed to use the electroadversion process where they will be used
as a substrate derived from Prussian blue M 2+[F e3+(CN )6](2s)−3 where M
is Cu, CuCo, CuM n and CuN i. For recovery, it is intended to reduce
the F e3+of the structure of the coordination complex, so that the lithium
that is complexed in the solution, is inserted into the structure. In this
way there is the possibility of reusing this coating as a Lithium Ion Bat-
tery (BIL) cathode.The results of cyclic voltameprometry with preliminary
model solutions indicate that Lithium recueption is possible because a peak
of reduction is observed at a potential of 0.18V , however, it is still necessary
to perform numerous tests to improve said recovery as well as to determine
the better adsorption substrate and quantify recovered metals.
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The promise of Lithium-Sulfur batteries.

Leslie Fernanda Santiago Ruiz*, Luis Alberto Romero Cano, Guadalupe
Ramos Sanchez
*lesleyruiz120894@gmail.com
Abstract
The promise of Lithium-Sulfur batteries. Lithium- sulfur (Li − S) bat-

teries are better than lithium-ion batteries in many aspects, they possess
613% higher specific capacity and 5 times more energy density (W h/kg)
for similar conditions. Due to its higher relative abundance, sulfur is less
expensive than cobalt, the most commonly utilized material in lithium-ion
batteries. Therefore, Li − S batteries are less expensive and more ac-
cessible for different applications, for example to store renewable energy.
However, one of the drawbacks of this type of batteries is their reduced life
time. Usually when a Li − S battery is discharged, the sulfur contained
in the cathode reacts with lithium from the anode, which forms chains of
polysulfides which dissolve in the electrolyte causing cathode degradation.
To reduce the formation of polysulfides chains, it has been proposed to
insert the sulfur components of the cathodic material within the porous
structure of carbon materials. On the other hand, the use of inorganic
electrolytes is proposed, which besides avoiding the dissolution of the poly-
sulfides chains, increase the cycle-life of the batteries. In this project we
utilize mesoporous carbon obtained from the pyrolysis of grapefruit peels
to adsorb sulfur, the sulfur has been added by two methods: incipient im-
pregnation and solvothermal method. For the electrochemical tests, were
utilized cathodes composed of the synthesized material, lithium foil anode
and 1M LiP F6 dissolved on TEGME (Triethylene glycol dimethyl ether)
as electrolyte. Electrochemical tests involving a ternary electrolyte have
been performed; however, up to now, due to the low amount of sulfur in
the samples, there hasn’t been any favorable results. Currently, tests with
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sulfur and carbon as active material are being performed in the hope to
obtain better results.
Manufacture of cathodes for lithium ion batteries

using the method water based with LiCoO2
Osorio Santiago Francisco Javier
marmol18paco@gmail.com
Abstract
Li-Ion batteries (LIB) are the most utilized electrochemical battery due
to their outstanding specific energy density, durability and coulombic ef-
ficiency. However, the fabrication of LIB electrodes relies on the utiliza-
tion of fluorine based binders and carcinogenic solvents. Therefore, in this
proyect he proposes the elaboration of cathodes using dioxide cobalt lithium
(LiCoO2) as active material, using a method of preparation water based,
which is to replace the agent binder fluoride polyvinylidene (PVDF) by a
compound Organic polymer, Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC); In addition,
acetic acid is used as a surfactant agent to facilitate preparation. The cells
were assembled in a glove box to conditions of 0.5 PPM of H2O and O2
to ambient temperature. Metallic lithium was used as an anode and as an
electrolyte a mixture ternary of EC: DEC 1 : 1, 1m LiP F6, these cells were
subjected to electrochemical characterizations of galvanostatic cycling of 10
cycles and 100 cycles, voltammetry cyclic to different voltages of 2, 4.2 and
5V . The corresponding results of the galvanostatic cyclase showed that the
cathode produced by the water-based method provides a specific capacity
of 138(mah/g) compared to a cathode using PVDF which is 145(mah/g)
in a voltage range of 2 to 4.2V . Obtaining a comparison range of 95%. The
results obtained by cyclic Voltamperometria shows that to the established
voltages the only compound that manages to perform the redox reactions
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is the LiCoO2. With this results an alternative method is obtained layers

to reduce the toxicological impact in addition to a decrease in the cost of
producing electrodes for BIL.
Study of the influence of carbon additive amount

in LiM n0.5N i1.5O2 cathode composites for
Lithium-Ion Batteries
C.D. Pacheco-Mateo*, L. Diaz-Chávez, G. Guzmán, G. Ramos-Sánchez,
H. J. Ávila-Paredes and I. González
*pachecocesar249@gmail.com
Abstract
LiM n0.5N i1.5O2 is one of the most important materials for high voltage
Lithium Ion batteries. Due to the high operation voltage, the LiM n0.5N i1.5O2
– electrolyte interphase is highly reactive, which limits the cyclability of the
electrode material. Several modifications to the electrolyte, cathode mate-
rial, and inclusion of additives in both electrolyte and electrode materials
have been investigated. However, although they have provided slight im-
provements, the reasons behind the stability enhancement still are not fully
understood. Additionally the presence of carbon additives has also been
reported to influence the initial capacity and cyclability of the cathodes;
however, the great variety of cathode composite compositions, type of car-
bon additives and experimental conditions makes difficult a fair comparison
between them. In this work the influence of carbon additives at two compo-
sitions (2 and 10%) is studied by cyclic voltammetry charge and discharge
curves and Electrochemical Impedance spectroscopy (EIS), the cyclability
in both cases resulted very high with high coulombic efficiency close to
100% with Li anodes. The EIS spectra were adjusted to several equiva-
lent electric circuits, while most of them results in a fair agreement, the
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explications derived from them are not applicable to all cases; moreover,
a phenomenological interpretation was proposes which resulted in excel-
lent xi2 adjustment (10−5), which overpasses by far state of the art results
(10−3) with limited phenomenological information. In this work the EIS
was applied at several conditions of the electrode and in general it was
observed an enormous increase of charge transfer resistance as cycling goes
on. However, the lower carbon content results in an even faster degradation
process which is also accelerated by the longer operation of the battery at
higher voltages. Therefore, the carbon additive also has a big influence
on the reactivity of the electrode-electrolyte interphase and can serve as
additional tool to increase the cyclability of the electrodes.
Study of the effect of radiative transfer and the

kinetics of hydroxyl radical formation in the
photodegradation of a refractory molecule using
T iO2 doped with F e
Ana Alexis Gomez Llanos
al3x.gola@gmail.com
Abstract
The objective of this study is to evaluate and characterize the effect of

radiative transfer on the kinetics of hydroxyl radical production and to
contrast it with the photodegradation of a refractory molecule using T iO2
catalysts doped with F e (T iO2 : F e). It has been demonstrated that
photocatalysis is efficient in the degradation of a wide range of organic
pollutants present in water (M. Chong, 2010), (CYTED VIII-G, 2001).
Although the potential advantages of using photocatalytic reactors in the
degradation of refractory contaminants, there are still problems to face.
One of the main problems is the lack of adequate radiation models, as well
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as kinetic models and design procedures to scale up photocatalytic reactors

(Li Puma, 2007), (P.J.Valadés Pelayo, 2014). The spatial distribution of the
radiant field and the absorption of radiation are key aspects in the process
of heterogeneous photocatalysis. In the presence of a radiation field formed
by wavelength photons with energy greater than the band gap range of the
photocatalyst, electron-hole pairs can be generated, which produces the
reduction and oxidation reactions on the surface of the photocatalyst (M. A.
Mueses, 2015). There is a consensus that the evaluation and optimization
of radiation absorption in solar photoreactors are a very important step,
to achieve the best results in the application of photocatalytic processes
(P.J. Valadés Pelayo, 2015), (O. Alfano, 2008), this is because knowing
the radiation absorbed by the photocatalyst in a given reactor makes it
possible to establish the degradation rate as a function of the absorption
energy rate (C. Minero, 2006) this means that the reaction rate is dependent
on absorption of the photon and not for the irradiation of the photon
itself. The main deficiencies in heterogeneous catalysis are: i) that there
are no studies describing kinetics and radiation adequately, ii) no in-depth
study has been carried out on the production of hydroxyl radicals and
their correlation with the radiative field and even on the degradation of
contaminating molecules, iii) it is not known if the rate of formation of
hydroxyl radicals depends on the wavelength with which the photocatalyst
is activated, and d) there is no model that describes with certainty the
process of photodegradation of refractory contaminants, and thus perform
a scale up reactor.
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Environmental sensitivity index map for the

protection of Kemp’s ridley sea turtle
Lepidochelys kempii in case of a spill of crude oil
in the Gulf of Mexico.
Nava-Montes A.D.*, Ramı́rez-Romero, P.
*delianava@gmail.com
Abstract
The Gulf of Mexico is a marine ecosystem that has been disturbed over
time by anthropogenic activities. In Mexico, about 88% of the energy con-
sumed comes from oil (INEGI, 2018), there are 193 marine platforms and
5, 682 active wells (INEGI, 2006), and there are also 18 marine exploratory
wells and 34 marine development wells. Mexico is the 14th place in the
world due to the existence of 7, 141.6 million barrels of oil reserves, verified
and quantified in oilfields that have not yet been exploited (PEMEX Re-
port, 2016) and 1, 913 thousand barrels per day of crude production until
February 2018 (PEMEX Report, 2018). There is no public information
regarding the number of oil spills in the Gulf of Mexico. According to the
Sustainability Report (PEMEX, 2016) there were 192 leaks and spills of
crude oil events in 2016 and 6, 956 barrels of crude oil spilled in the Gulf of
Mexico. The Kemp’s ridley, as a migratory species, is exposed to different
contaminants present in the marine ecosystem of the Gulf of Mexico, some
of them produced by the oil industry, like oil wells exploitation and the
presence of the accidental oil spills. This species is an endangered species,
according to NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010, it is a critical and vulnerable
species, so several national and international protection instruments and
strategies have been created. Its distribution is limited to the Gulf of Mex-
ico, its feeding areas are located to the north and south of the Gulf of
Mexico and it has a restricted area of nesting females primarily in Playa
Rancho Nuevo, Tamaulipas. Site declared as a Protected Natural Area
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(ANP) located at 23◦190500 North Latitude and 97◦46013.200 West Longi-

tude with 17.6km of beach. The Kemp’s ridley population has gradually
increased; however, there was a population decline in 2010, the year in
which the Deepwater Horizon oil platform (DWH) exploded in the north of
the Gulf of Mexico; the turtle population recovered later noted by the num-
ber of the total nesting females that are registered in the last three years in
Playa Rancho Nuevo, Tamaulipas: 3, 906 (2015), 5, 300 (2016) and 22, 592
(2017). The long-term impacts of the DWH oil spill (2010) on the sea turtle
population Lepidochelys kempii (lora) are not yet known, neither there is
an environmental contingency plan for these cases. The objective of this
work is to propose an Environmental Sensitivity Index, to generate an en-
vironmental sensitivity map to protect the Kemp’s ridley in case of another
environmental accident. This map will provide information on biological re-
sources (Kemp’s ridley turtle Lepidochelys kempii, an endangered species)
and physical resources (shoreline: tourist beaches and ecological important
areas such as feeding and nesting females areas) at risk, in order to con-
tribute to design a contingency plan in case of an environmental accident
(explosion of oil platforms and oil spills). The environmental sensitivity
map is useful for decision makers to respond and address the environmen-
tal contingency immediately and thus reduce the potential environmental
impacts to biological and physical resources, as well as optimize the eco-
nomic resources and restoration efforts of the potentially vulnerable areas
or sensitive that could be affected. The Environmental Sensitivity Index
will contain biological information of the endangered species (Kemp’s rid-
ley turtle), migratory routes and vulnerable tourist beaches and areas with
ecological importance like nesting and feeding areas. At the same time, it
will present the most accessible routes to carry out the restoration actions
in the affected areas. The Environmental Sensitivity Index Map for the
protection of the marine turtle Lepidochelys kempii (lora) in case of an
oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico is a good indicator to inform to key decision
makers on the potential sensitive environmental areas in case of oil spills
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environmental contingency in order to implement immediately the actions

needed to reduce the potential impacts to the Kemp’s ridley population
and optimize resources for the implementation of restoration measures in
the affected areas.
Coupling of Activation of Methane with Selective

Catalytic Reduction for the control of N Ox
emissions in Thermoelectric
Manuel Alejandro Ortega Morales
alex.magno.023@gmail.com
Abstract
The strong dependence on fossil fuels has generated a great degradation

of environment through world, either as a source of raw materials for the
development of products or for human energy consumption. In particularly
case, the power plants that use fossil fuels, normally produce SO2, N Ox
and other pollutants that are hazard into the atmosphere. One of the main
substances dangerous to human health are the Oxides of Nitrogen, these
react in the atmosphere to form acid rain and tropospheric ozone (O3),
which is the main constituent of photochemical smog; to reduce N Ox
emissions exist technology for their prevention and control. The process of
selective catalytic reduction with hydrocarbons (RCS-HC) is a technology
that chemically reduces the N Ox molecule to molecular nitrogen (N2)
and water vapor (H2O). The reagent reacts selectively with the N Ox
within a temperature range of 150 − 450◦C in the presence of a catalyst
and a gaseous reducer (for the case of study it will be methane) having
conversions greater than 90%. In the different catalytic systems studied
for the RCS-HC, the silver catalyst supported in alumina for the RCS-
HC has good activity at high temperatures, selectivity to N2, stability
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with water vapor and tolerance to SO2. However, in the literatura was
found that by adding small amounts of H2 in the RCS-HC, it is possible
to activate the catalyst at low temperatures (T ∼ 300◦C), obtaining high
conversions of N O in the RCS-HC. If it is able of work at low temperatures
will allow us to take advantage of high thermal heating in other processes.
Due to the implementation of the hydrogen, for safety, a technology called
steam reforming will be coupled with the RCS-HC, where the steam reacts
with the hydrocarbon to produce a mixture of gases such as hydrogen,
carbon monoxide (CO), dioxide carbon (CO2), methane (CH4) and steam
(H2Og). Therefore, the main objective is to determine the operation of the
steam reforming coupling during the RCS-HC.
Spatial Distribution Patterns of Submerged

Aquatic Vegetation in The Biosphere “Los
Petenes” in Campeche, Mexico detected by
Remote Sensing
Pérez-Espinosa, I.*, Gallegos, M. M., Ressl, R. A., Valderrama-Landeros
L. H y Hernández, C. G.
*biologa.ilianape@gmail.com
Abstract
During the last twenty years, Sumerged Acuatic Vegetation (SAV) has
been globally recognized for the provision of diverse environmental ser-
vices. Of special relevance are carbon storage and sequestration capabilities
through roots and soils, estimated to be up to two to four times higher than
terrestrial forests. This carbon is denominated as “blue carbon”. Currently
most countries can’t report accurately on blue carbon due to lack of detailed
information. Until now, the distribution of SAV in the biosphere reserve
“Los Petenes”, Campeche was largely unknown. In that context, baseline
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information on national seagrass distribution and extension is essential to

provide solid information for conservation strategies in Mexico. Our project
applies remote sensing techniques to delineate major SAV extensions for
the generation of baseline cartography. We used hidroacoustic echosounder
and satellite images of Sentinel-2A to derive a distribution map of SAV ap-
plying a supervised maximum likelihood classification. Additionally, we
used video-transects and in situ verification data to generate five classes
of SAV in the biosphere reserve of Los Petenes in Campeche, dominated
principally by Thalassia testudinum (Tt). The results show continuous
distribution patterns of SAV extending south-north, parallel to the shore.
The occupied area is 1, 514km2 corresponding to 83% of the marine zone.
The Kappa coefficient during accuracy assessment resulted in 71%. The
best differentiation between classes was observed for Thalassia testudinum
(Tt) and Syringodium filiforme (Sf), while major confusion between classes
of MxPA (4) and MxPP (5) was noted. A principal component analysis of
the collected environmental data demonstrated that water depth was the
determining variable for the presence of T t and Sf , while Halodule wrightii
presence was mainly related to salinity and pH. Our results show that com-
bined remote sensing techniques together with biochemical/physical data
offer great potential for mapping seagrass distribution in shallow waters in
México.
A Numerical Study of Hydrodynamics accounting

for a Compressible Flow in a Fixed Bed Reactor
with a dt/dp < 8
A. Hernandez-Aguirre*, E. Hernandez-Martinez and C. O. Castillo-Araiza
*hernanz11@hotmail.com
Abstract
Fixed bed reactors with low dt/dp < 8 ratio, operating under non adia-
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batic and non isotermal conditions, are industrially the most used systems
to carry out highly exothermic reactions. However, this low dt/dp ratio
generates appreciable radial void fraction and velocity profiles which influ-
ence mass and heat transfer mechanisms (Andrigo et al., 1999; Nijemeisland
y Dixon, 2001; Dudukovic et al., 2002). Different models have been pro-
posed to describe the hydrodynamics in fixed bed reactors with a dt/dp
ratio lower than 8. Nevertheless, all of them, to the best of our knowl-
edge, neglect the role of gas compresibility on velocity profiles and, hence,
on heat and mass tranfer mechanisms ( Papageorgiou y Froment, 1995;
Castillo-Araiza y López-Isunza, 2010; Che-Galicia et al., 2015; Aparicio-
Mauricio et al., 2017; Che-Galicia et al., 2018). This work is aimed at
modeling hydrodynamics accounting for the effect of compresibility on ve-
locity and temperture profiles by using Navier-Stokes-Darcy-Forchheimer
(NSDF) equations coupled to energy transfer equations. Our results show
that consider compressibility ffects in the NSDF equation modifies velocity
profiles in core of the bed in 20% and up to 50% near the reactor wall.
These results could represent large differences in the description of hydro-
dynamics, heat and mass transfer phenomena in packed bed reactor.
Characterization of transport phenomena

(momentum, heat and mass transfer) in a tray
bioreactor for solid state fermentation under
abiotic conditions
M. Couder-Garcı́a, G.A. Gómez-Ramos, S. Huerta-Ochoa, A.
Prado-Barragán, C.O. Castillo Araiza
*moy couder@hotmail.com
Abstract
Solid state fermentation takes place on the surface of a solid substrate
in the absence or almost absence of free water. Agroindustrial residues
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(enzymes, food, animal feed, drugs and pigments) can be used to produce
metabolites with high commercial value by utilizing this technology. How-
ever, there is yet challenges to scale up this technology by using agroindus-
trial residues due to the lack of understanding hydrodynamic mechanisms
and their impact on heat and mass transport, and hence on metabolic
reactions. The objective of this study is to characterize transport phenom-
ena (momentum, heat and mass transport) on the bioreactor obtaining,
we obtained the velocity profile (Hydrodynamics), the effective thermal
conductivity (heat transfer). And characterize the dispersion inside the
bioreactor (mass transfer). The system is a rectangular packed bed with
dimensions of: five centimetres of high, fifteen centimetres of width and
twenty centimetres of large, this system was put in a bath with a con-
trolled temperature. To characterize the hydrodynamics, we carried out
experiments of pressure drop on the bioreactor, and we compare this ex-
perimental data with correlations of the literature, and we found that the
observations are around three orders of magnitude greater than the data
obtained by the correlation of Ergun (1952), principally for this reason
we estimated the parameters that consider the resistances (viscous and
inertial) to characterize the permeability of the bed. We use the hydro-
dynamic approach of Aparicio et al. (2017) to obtain the velocity profile,
this model reduces the computing time around two hundred times compar-
ing with the conventional model of Navier-Stokes-Darcy-Forchheimer. It
was compare the two models for estimate the turbulent viscosity present in
the Aparicio et al. (2017) approach, the estimation was by the method of
minimum squares following the algorithm of Levenberg-Marquart. For the
heat transfer characterization, we took the experimental data from Barrios
et al. (2015) and proposed a pseudo-homogeneous model and considered
the heat transport by convection and the evaporation of water in the axial
direction, and the conduction in the direction of the width. The model
was solving by the method of orthogonal collocation with sixty interior
points, and the resulting set of ordinary differential equations, was solve by
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the method of Runge-Kutta of four order. The estimation of the effective

thermal conductivity was by the method of minimum squares following the
algorithm of Levenberg-Marquart. Barrios et al. (2015) propose only a
thermal conductivity properly of the organic substrate and didn’t consider
the different mechanisms of heat transport that involve an “effective” ther-
mal conductivity. And for this reason, the results are different from the
reported by Barrios et al. (2015). Finally, for mass dispersion we use a
model to take into account the accumulation, the transport by convection
and transport by dispersion. To obtain the effective dispersion coefficient,
we took the experimental data for oxygen from Barrios et al. (2015). And
we estimated the dispersion, and the results show that exists back mixing,
channelling consequently a preferential flow inside the bed, because the dis-
persion transport is greater than the convection transport. As a conclusion,
we obtain the velocity profile inside the bioreactor, by the Aparicio et al.
(2015) approach, and we can get coupled with the heat transfer model to
obtain a better certainly in the parameter estimation. The effective thermal
conductivity was smaller than the proposed by Barrios et al. (2015) be-
cause we use the theory generally applied to chemical packed bed reactors,
involving different mechanisms in one parameter effective. We can improve
the mass dispersion and the heat transport by convection changing the
ratio of the width of the bed/particle diameter smaller than ten (for this
work that ratio was one hundred), I mean, increase the particle diameter
to have a velocity profile with more oscillation in the whole bioreactor.
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Kinetic-experimental study of the oxidative

dehydrogenation of ethane to ethylene in N iOSn
catalysts
Emily Moreno Barrueta
emily.693@hotmail.com
Abstract
Catalytic oxidative dehydrogenation in ethylene production seems to be
a promising alternative compared with other conventional processes. A
N iSnO catalyst was synthesized by the evaporation method and evalu-
ated in the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane to ethylene. The kinetic
characterization was carried out with pressures of 1 − 5atm, tempera-
tures of 380 − 480◦C and GHSP of 6996 − 23940min−1. The experiments
were done in a microreaction unit, MICROMERITICS PID ENG & TECH
model M A12216. The kinetic evaluation of N iSnO uses an experimental
design, the central type rotating compound, based on a surface response
method; the variable is the conversion of ethane (XC2H6) and the selec-
tivity to ethylene and carbon oxides (Si). Kinetic experiments, performed
under intrinsic conditions, lead to ethylene selectivity from 40% to 65%,
for an ethane conversion range from 10% to 30%, respectively.
Land use effect on physical and chemical

properties of two coastal lagoons in Veracruz
Mexico
Bravo Flores marı́a del Sol
angelique.rafiglia@gmail.com
Abstract
In a catchment area, the land use affects the water cycle; the forest
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replacement by agriculture, livestock, or another human activity on land

generates soil sealing. In consequence the water runoff increases, triggering
erosion and a greater sediment concentration that reaches the water bodies.
This set off changes on trophic levels, it may cause a serious eutrophication
problem. In this study, we compare the physical and chemical properties
of two coastal lagoons in Veracruz, Mexico; versus the use land area asso-
ciated. One of these lagoons, La Mancha, is located in a conserved area
and has some management. While the coastal lagoon Grande-Chica is in
a perturbated area, and has no attention from community, or government.
Effective Medium Equations for Compressible

Flow in a Fixed Bed Reactor: considering a case
of low dt/dp < 8 ratio
Roel Hernandez-Rodriguez*, Alberto Hernandez-Aguirre, Carlos Omar
Castillo-Araiza
*orel 2164@hotmail.com
Abstract
The fixed bed reactors with low tube-to-particle diameter ratio (dt/dp <
8), operating under nonadiabtic and nonisothermal conditions, are prefered
to carry out highly exothermic reactions because they promote removal the
heat generated. For this reason, the modelling of the behavior of this type
of reactors is of great importance for its design, optimization and control.
Commonly, the modelling of this type of reactors is carried out by means
of effective medium equations due to high computational burden involved
in a local description. In this context, for momentum and heat transfer,
different simplified models have been proposed (e.g., Darcy’s law, Darcy-
Brinkman equation, Darcy-Brinkman-Forchheimer equation), where gen-
erally the terms asociated to compressibility are neglected. Nevertheless,
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this assumption may not necessarily hold when high pressure are consid-
ered (Sözen and Vafai, 1991; Jacobsen et al., 2002; Xu, et al., 2006; Rousar
et al., 2010). In addition, the effective coefficients involved in the effective
medium equations are usually determined by means correlations (Quinta-
Ferreira et al., 1996; Bey and Eigenberger, 1997) or parameter estimation
methods (Castillo-Araiza and Isunza, 2010; Aparicio-Mauricio et al., 2017).
Both simplifications and effective parameters determinations so far have not
provided satisfactory description of this type of reactors. For this reason,
in this work, we derived the effective medium equations for momentum
and heat transfer of a fixed bed reactor with low dt/dp ratio considering
compresible flow, using the method of volume averaging. Our main result
is an expresion for momentum transfer that takes account the compressible
viscous terms which are expressed in terms of effective medium coefficients
that are computed by solving asociated closure problems.
Revisiting the solid-state diffusion mechanism in

Lithium-ion batteries
I.O. Santos Mendoza*, I. González, C.O. Castillo Araiza
*isantosmendoza@gmail.com
Abstract
The increasing energy demand and actuals pollution problems derived
from fossil fuels require the generation of energy by renewable sources,
and energy storage devices to solve the intermittency problems. Li-ion
batteries have been positioned as one of the best storage devices recently
in electric vehicles and have the possibility to implement as large energy
storage. A typical Ion-Lithium cell is formed for two electrodes (anode
and cathode), one separator to avoid the contact between them, and an
electrolytic solution containing dissociated salts for enable ion transfer be-
tween two electrodes. The electrodes are porous structures composed by
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the mixture of the active material and additional compounds that improve
the transport properties of charge and mass; however, it is overriding to
account for numerous problems related to transport mechanisms of charge
and mass that significantly affect its capacity and power. The understand-
ing of these mechanisms is complex due to various kinetic and transport
phenomena interacting within the cell, and the difficulty of predicting local
variables such as concentration, potential, among others. Mathematical
modelling is a tool normally used to understand and decouple this interac-
tion. On other hands, the composition of the cathode slurry has, recently,
been reported to influence battery performance and rate capability. Exper-
imental and theoretical studies have identified the solid-state diffusion of
Li+ into the cathode composite as one of the transport mechanisms limiting
the performance of LiBs, in particular at high charge and discharge rates
(C-rates). Nowadays, however, there is ambivalence to characterize this
mass transport mechanism using the diffusion coefficient calculated either
by electrochemical techniques or ab initio quantum chemistry methods.
In this perspective, this contribution revisits conventional electrochemical
methodologies employed in literature to estimate mass transport diffusiv-
ity of LiBs, in particular using LiF eP O4 in the cathode composite, and
their suitability and reliability are comprehensively discussed. And then
Coefficient Diffusions for three LiF eP O4 in the cathode composites are
calculated at different conditions during discharge of cells.
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Posters
Design of an adsorption-bioreaction process for

the removal of dyes in the textile industry
Tania Sandoval Ramı́rez*, Beatriz Islas González, Itzel Venezia Casimiro
Ramı́rez
*tanipeque@hotmail.com
Abstract
The dyes are aromatic organic compounds, which are not found natu-
rally in the biosphere, but they have been synthetized by the men. By the
complexity of their structure, conventional wastewater treatment plants
they have a low removal percentage. The textile industry is the largest
consumer of azo dyes, these are synthetic organic compounds difficult to
biodegrade because of its high stability at environmental conditions. In
the great variety that exists, stand out the very used ones for the dyeing
of fibers and threads of cotton, but above all, to dye denim. The treat-
ment of this organic dyes is an industrial challenge, because of to the great
variety and levels of concentration. The conventional wastewater treat-
ment they don’t remove refractory organic compounds, hence, processes
have been implemented effective and promising, among these are adsorp-
tion and biodegradation. The main of this work is the design the design of
an adsorption-bioreaction process for the removal of refractory molecules
in wastewater from textile industries. Using as an Indigo Carmine model
molecule (IC) he removal capacity was evaluated by adsorption with acti-
vated carbon (AC) from coconut shell, a removal capacity of 30 mg of dye
was observed per gram of AC. The same test was performed with muds
activated, it was observed that it has the same degradation capacity. At
the implementing both technologies it is found that the capacity of removal
is 40mg of dye per gram of inoculum with AC.
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A Macroscopic Model For Two-Dimensional Flow

Between a Porous Medium and a Free Fluid
G. Rojas-Altamirano*, Roel Hernandez-Rodriguez, J. Alberto
Ochoa-Tapia
*guillermo rojas@live.com
Abstract
The fluid flow over and through a porous medium, where exist more
than one component of the velocity field, is found in many industrial ap-
plications and in natural systems. In this context, most of studies re-
ported, for Stoke’s flow and a newtonian fluid, generally use the Darcy’s
law or the Darcy-Brinkman equation to describe the momentum transfer
at the porous medium. However, these equations may not necessarily hold
near the porous medium boundary, where abrupt variations of the velocity
take place. In addition, these works reported have been limited to one-
dimensional flow. For these reasons, in this work, we present preliminar
studies about the use of averaged equations in order to describe the two-
dimensional flow, which have been stated in the literature by means of
the method of the volume averaging and are expressed in terms of spatial-
variation of the porosity and a non-homogeneous term, where this last can
be known a posteriori. In order to validate the average model, we carry out
Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS) using a square cavity partially filled
with a porous medium, that allow to obtain the average velocity profiles
by accomplish an averaging of the local velocity field. Our results of the
average velocity profiles, that are obtained from the solution of the average
model, show a good agreement with those predicted from the averaging of
the local velocity field. Besides, it is shown the dependence of the average
velocity profiles with the size of the volume averaging used.
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Catalytic evaluation of hydrodeoxygenation of

phenol with Ru over silica-alumina
Garcı́a-Sales, J., Guadarrama-Hidalgo, F., Guerrero-Gudiño, L.*,
Vargas-Amador, R., Valdés-Martı́nez, O.U., Tavizón-Pozos, J.A., de los
Reyes, J.A.
*lauwith2g@gmail.com
Abstract
The world demand for energy is increasing continuously due to popu-

lation growth and the development of society. Lingo-cellulosic pyrolysis
bio-oils have been considered a potential petroleum substitute to cover
the energy demand because they does not compete with food production.
However, bio-oils contain up to 50wt. − % of oxygen in several oxygenates
organic compounds. These compounds involve thermal instability, high
viscosity, and immiscibility with hydrocarbons, low volatility, corrosiveness
and tendency to polymerize. Therefore, bio-oils must be upgraded before
being used as transportation fuels. Catalytic hydrodeoxygenation (HDO)
is seen as an attractive alternative to upgrade the quality of bio-oils. Phenol
is commonly used as a model molecule to understand the catalytic func-
tionality and reaction mechanism in HDO. Typical sulfided N iM o and
CoM o catalyst, have shown acceptable activity in this process. However,
they contaminate the sulfur free feed with this element. Noble metals have
been proposed to be used as alternative catalyst, since they present high
activities, selectivity to hydrogenation and do not need sulfur to keep them
active. Particularly, Ru have been presented as good active phase due to
its high activities. However, alumina support has shown negative prop-
erties such as strong Lewis sites which provoke coke formation and bad
dispersion of Ru. An alternative non-acid support, silica have shown good
qualities. However, dispersion is still a problem to get over. On this basis,
silica-alumina in two proportions, 40 : 60 and 70 : 30, were used to study
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dispersion and acid properties of the catalyst. Ru was impregnated over

commercial Sasol SiRal 40 and 70 and pure commercial SiO2 and Al2O3 as
reference. Ru loading was 1wt% with a solution of Ru(N O)(N O3)3 and
were calcined at 350◦C for 4h. Catalysts were activated ex-situ at 350◦C for
1h. HDO of phenol was evaluated in a batch reactor at 5.5M P a and 320◦C,
using dodecane as solvent. As TPR results showed, metal-supports inter-
action decreased with the increase of SiO2 in the support, which decrease
Ru dispersion. Additionally, ammonia-TPD demonstrated that strong acid
sites decreased in Ru/SiO2. However, benzene hydrogenation showed that
Ru/SiRal70 have 5 times more active sites than Ru/Al2O3. This means
that over Ru/SiRal70, more active sites are present even with a loss of
dispersion. Catalytic activity exhibited that Ru/SiO2 and Ru/SiRal70
have an equivalent initial reaction rate, 0.8 times higher than Ru/Al2O3.
However, even that hydrogenation route was the main reaction pathway,
direct deoxygenation of phenol were 3.5 times higher on Ru/SiRal70 than
on Ru/SiO2. Hence, Ru/SiRal70 presented an improved functionality to
cleavage the C − O bond due to their acid sites which are present at Ru
and not in the support. Therefore, coke formation would be less in this
catalyst than in alumina.
Catalytic evaluation of coprocessing of phenol and

dibenzotiophene by N iM o/T iO2 − ZrO2 and
N iM o/Al2O3 − ZrO2 for renewable fuels production
Martı́nez-Niño E., Romero-Bustamante, P., Torres-Cervantes, J.*,
Tavizón-Pozos, J.A., de los Reyes, J.A.
*jesstc0720@gmail.com
Abstract
Nowadays, the world is confronting an important crisis due to the emis-
sion and accumulation of greenhouse gases and into the atmosphere, the
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inevitable depletion of fossil reserves due to the growing demand for energy
caused by the increase in population. Hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of pyrol-
ysis bio-oils seems to be a potential process to achieve this transformation,
due to its similarity in conditions and catalysts with hydrodesulfurization
(HDS) process. On this basis, both processes could be coupled into one,
by coprocessing bio-oil and petroleum feeds. Phenol and dibenzothiophene
(DBT) have been used as model compound to study and develop new cata-
lysts to optimize the process. Sulfided N iM o/Al2O3 catalysts are the most
used materials in industry. However, alumina support presents properties
that may affect catalytic performance on HDO and may not be optimal to
enhance promotion of the active phase by the competition of phenol and
DBT for the active sites. Al2O3 − ZrO2 and T iO2 − ZrO2 mixed oxides
can be proposed as alternative supports to improve selectivity, activity and
active phase functionalities. In this sense, this work focusses to compare
the effect of support in the promotion of N iM o active phase and to corre-
late it with catalytic performance by the coprocessing of phenol and DBT.
Mixed oxide supports were synthesized by the sol-gel method and calcined
at 400◦C. ZrO2 molar fractions were set 0.4 and 0.2 respectively. Both
supports were impregnated at 10wt% Mo and promoted catalysts were
loaded with 3wt% of N i. The catalysts were sulfured ex situ at 400◦C
with 15mol% H2S/H2 for 2h. The catalytic evaluation was carried out in
a batch reactor using dodecane as solvent, at 5.5M P a of H2 and 320◦C. To
perform HDO and HDS simultaneously, two different concentrations of sul-
fur and oxygen were set: 500ppm O - 200ppm S and 500ppm O - 500ppm S.
Catalysts characterizations, DRS UV-vis, Raman spectroscopy and TPR,
showed that the amount of Mo oxide species with octahedral coordination
were higher on T iO2 −ZrO2 than on Al2O3 −ZrO2, due to the lower metal-
support interactions. Also, N i promoted catalyst presented a lower reduc-
tion temperature than non-promoted catalysts. This means that Mo with
octahedral coordination reduce easier than the Mo with tetrahedral coordi-
nation present on T iO2 free catalyst. This was confirmed by the measuring
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of the initial reaction rate. Non-promoted T iO2 containing catalyst were

3 times more active than Al2O3 containing catalyst. When Ni was added
activity increased 32% compared with the Mo supported catalysts. When
the concentration of sulfur compounds (DBT) was modified, the catalysts
N iM o/T iO2 −ZrO2 and N iM o/Al2O3 −ZrO2 showed a higher sensitiv-
ity to this change compared to the Ni free catalysts. N iM o/Al2O3 −ZrO2
the increment of concentration of sulfur do not decreased the phenol HDO
activity as much as N iM o/T iO2 − ZrO2. On this basis, the presence
of T iO2, which promote the formation of octahedral species, lead to more
active sites on the surface and therefore higher initial reaction rate. Also,
these octahedral species provoke that HYD route was improved. Finally, at
high concentrations of DBT, the N iM o/T iO2 −ZrO2 catalyst is inhibited
while in N iM o/Al2O3 − ZrO2 this does not occur.
Relaxation of bilinear terms for the solution of

integrated water networks in complex process
systems
Rogelio Hernández-Suárez, Hernán T. Cortés-Monroy*, Juan M.
Zamora-Mata
*htcm@outlook.es
Abstract
The optimal network configuration is studied to determine the mini-
mum consumption of fresh water subject to demand restrictions in the
process units, wastewater regeneration capacity and environmental specifi-
cations on the regulation of effluents in municipal discharges. The solution
includes the development of a mathematical model that exhibits bilinear
terms, which hinder optimization due to non-convexities in the non-linear
programming model (NLP). The relaxation of bilinear terms with Mc-
Cormick envelopes is implemented as a solution strategy to optimally solve
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the problem and compared with a global deterministic optimization strat-

egy. The reformulation of the NLP model (linearization) produces an in-
crease in the number of restrictions and variables required. Dimensions are
established as general equations according to the parameters for each of
the variables. We have found advantages due to the lower computational
demand resulting.
On the elucidation of mechanistic aspects during

the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane to
ethylene on a mixed metal oxide (M oV T eN bO)
José Antonio Ayala Romero*, Carlos Omar Castillo Araiza
*jaar7ing@gmail.com
Abstract
Ethylene oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) appears to be a promising

technology for producing ethylene. This reaction, with the use of a suit-
able catalyst, can be selectively activated to ethylene at temperatures below
500◦C, consuming lower energy and producing lower carbon oxides than
the conventional process thermal cracking of petroleum hydrocarbons to
produce ethylene. The main challenges for designing a technology based
on ethane ODH have been the design of the catalyst and the design of
the industrial reactor. The development of a catalyst for ethane ODH has
been the subject of study by several researchers worldwide. In the actual-
ity, the multimetallic catalyst M oV T eN bO, which achieves a conversion
to ethane up to 60% and selectivity to ethylene up to 90% at temperatures
below 500◦C is one of the materials that can be implemented in the petro-
chemical industry to produce ethylene via ODH. The conceptual design of
the industrial reactor for the ODH of ethane on a M oV T eN bO requires
from a reliable kinetic model; nevertheless, models reported in literature,
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besides being macroscopic, have not described properly observations, es-

sentially the production of carbon oxides. The objective of this work is to
develop a kinetic model for the ODH of ethane on a M oV T eN bO. The
model is based on elementary reaction steps, which is aimed, on the one
hand, to describe observations and, on the other side, to understand and
identify limiting mechanistic steps on the catalytic surface of the catalyst.
This kinetics is used to carry out the conceptual design of an industrial
wall-cooled packed bed reactor. The development of a kinetic model re-
quires a systematic reaction engineering methodology that accounts for the
design of experiments, the execution and analysis of these experiments and
literature which leads to the proposal of the reaction scheme and reaction
mechanism, the translation of the mechanism to a model, and the deter-
mination of the kinetic parameters evaluating their confidence describing
observations. It is worth stressing that the reaction mechanism is pro-
posed using kinetic and catalytic observations, but also catalytic results
and studies based on the density functional theory (DFT) reported in lit-
erature. The model is developed applying the approximation of the pseudo
steady state with the objective of identifying the reaction steps controlling
the kinetics of the M oV T eN bO during the ODH of ethane to ethylene.
The kinetic parameters in this model are determined by methods of sta-
tistical thermodynamics and theories based on molecular approximations
such as the UBI-QEP method and Single Event Micro kinetic (SEMK) and
engineering approaches that are based on parameter estimation. Finally,
this kinetics is used to carry out the conceptual design of an industrial
wall-cooled packed bed reactor. The development of a kinetic model at the
elementary level following the pseudo-state approach seems to be more re-
liable than the conventional macroscopic models reported in the literature
for the studied reaction On the other hand, the coupling of this kinetic
model to the reactor model allows to describe and relate the formation of
hot spots with the formation of CO2 and CO, which is completely related
to the capability of the kinetic model accounting for their formation on the
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catalytic surface.
Geraniol and Nerol obtention by citral

hydrogenation using Pt catalysts supported on
TiO2, SiO2 and its mixed oxides. An activity and
chemoselectivity analysis
Rubén Iván Noé Cruz*, Victoria Tamayo Galvan, Juan Carlos Piña
Victoria, Tomás Viveros Garcı́a
*irubs09@hotmail.com
Abstract
Citral molecule has three different hydrogenation pathways, the first one
happens when hydrogen breaks the conjugated double bound and satu-
rates it, leading to citronellal obtention, on the other hand, another path-
way leads to 3,7-dimethyl-2-octanal, since hydrogen saturates the isolated
double bound. The last pathway occures when carbonyl double bound is
saturated with hydrogen and produce geraniol and/or nerol. In this work,
an activity and chemoselectivity analysis takes place, focuse on geraniol
and nerol obtention, which means that catalysts wich are capable to ad-
sorp citral by its carbonyl double bound are needed. The influence of metal
charge (1 and 0.2wt%) and reducction temperature (300 and 500◦C) were
evalueted for Pt catalysts supported on T iO2, SiO2 and its mixed oxides in
the citral hydrogenation chemoselectivity and activity. The reactions took
place within a batch reactor at 1000 RPM, 100◦C and 200psi of hydrogen
pressure in order to obtain the isomers geraniol and nerol. The reaction re-
sults were analized with a mass detector linked up to a gas chromatograph,
where it has been observed that the selectivity increases as the activity
decreases. Catalyst P t/SiO2 − T iO2 (80 − 20) was impregnated with 1
and 0.2wt% of Pt via incipient wetness impregnation, which made clear
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that the activity gets better when the metal charge is higher due to hydro-
genation power increases since there are more hydrogenative sites, on the
other hand, the hydrogenation power decreases as the reduction tempera-
ture gets higher due to the increase of the acid sites amount, produced by
the decoration effect which leads to a better selectivity with a poor activity
as shown in the results of the catalyst 1wt% P t/T iO2 reduced at 300 and
500◦C. So a good balance between both kind of sites (hydrogenative and
acid) are needed in order to have a good activity and selectivity.
Optimization of lighting conditions in a

photobioreactor for the growth of micro alge
Luis Angel Castillo Cruz*, Patricio Javier Valadés Pelayo, Hugo Joaquin
Ávila Paredes
*iq.angelcastillo@gmail.com
Abstract
The increase in energy demand has generated concerns about the deple-
tion of fossil fuels, as well as the emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) that
have contributed to global climate change. To reduce the consumption of
fossil fuels and the associated CO2 emissions, renewable and sustainable
sources of energy, such as wind, solar energy and biofuels, have received
great attention. Since biofuels can be stored and used directly in vehi-
cle engines, they become an attractive source for transportation fuels. In
particular, biofuels derived from microalgae have been considered as one
of the most promising renewable energy sources, due to the unique fea-
tures of microalgae. In addition, microalgae are capable of thriving in poor
quality waters, such as municipal, industrial, or agricultural wastewater.
Therefore, microalgae can efficiently recover nutrients such as nitrogen (N)
and phosphorus (P) from wastewater, streams, improving the quality of
106
Posters
wastewater. In addition, microalgae biomass can be used to produce a

broad portfolio of fuels, such as biodiesel, bioethanol and biogas. Nowa-
days, efforts must be made to develop new biotechnologies of algae for the
production of biofuels. However, the technical, economic feasibility and en-
vironmental benefits of large-scale algae farming have not yet been tested or
debated. Of particular concern, many economic and life-cycle evaluations
of algal culture are based on crude productivity needs that do not take into
account the impacts of process geometry, operation (eg, hydraulic reten-
tion time) and temperature in productivity. Therefore, there is a critique
that needs accurate forecasting of algae productivity for its cultivation to
improve the evaluation of better location and engineering practices in order
to maximize revenue and minimize impacts on the environment. The mod-
eling of microalgae photosynthetic biomass production draws some support
from the abundant literature on bioprocess modeling, in particular when
mineral or CO2 mass-transfer limitations on growth rates are considered in
the same way as substrate and O2-transfer limitations in engineered bac-
terial cultivation. However, photosynthetic biomass growth exhibits highly
specific features owing to its need for light energy: unlike dissolved nutri-
ents, assumed to be homogeneous in well-mixed conditions, light energy is
heterogeneously distributed in the culture due to absorption and scattering
by cells, independently of the mixing conditions. As light is the principal
energy source for photosynthesis, this heterogeneity alone sets microalgae
cultivation systems apart from other classical bioprocesses, as they are gen-
erally limited by light transfer inside the culture media. Hence the design,
optimization and control of photobioreactors (PBRs) require specific ap-
proaches. Given the crucial importance of radiative transfer description in
photobioreactor modeling, it is essential to have a broad overview of the
main physical quantities and definitions involved in radiation measurement
and theory.
107
Posters
Comparison of momentum and heat transfer CFD

simulations to experiment for a packed bed
Victoria Tello Hernández*, Carlos Omar Castillo Araiza
*thve57@hotmail.com
Abstract
Packed beds are common in the chemical industry. Within our research
team, there is a special interest in these devices, especially the tube-to-
particle diameter ratio (dt/dp) < 10 beds packed with nonporous spherical
particles. Nevertheless, an accurate modelling of packed beds is compli-
cated due to the phenomena transport involved. CFD is a useful tool to
study local flow and heat transfer processes in packed beds without using
effective parameters. Recent studies have shown beside the computational
limitations of nowadays, CFD could achieve a better understanding about
phenomena transport involved and contribute important information to be
used on the classical models for the design of new packed beds and opti-
mization of existing units. In this work, momentum and heat transport
CFD simulations based on experimental studies under same operational
conditions and characteristics are made. Also, a comparison of CFD simu-
lations to classical models predictions of velocity profiles and a comparison
of CFD simulations to experimental measurements of heat transfer profiles
are discussed.
108
Essays
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want to keep the anonymity of this process.
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Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana

September 24-28, 2018

Characterization of transport phenomena (momentum, heat and mass transfer)

Ph.D Rodrigo Dı́az Cruz

Ph.D Jesús Alberto Ochoa Tapia

Ph.D Román Linares Romero

Ph.D Armando Domı́nguez Ortiz

Ph.D Roberto Quezada Batalla

Ph.D Ricardo Marcelı́n Jimenez

Ph.D Richard Steve Ruiz Martı́nez

Ph.D Marı́a Teresa Ramı́rez Silva

Ph.D Luara Galicia Luis

Ph.D Carlos Omar Castillo Araiza

Ph.D Julio César Garcı́a Corte

Ph.D Abel Camacho Quintana

Ph.D Miguel Ángel Peña Castillo

Ph.D Enrique Rodrı́guez de la Colina

Ph.D Juan José Ambriz Garcı́a

Ph.D Gabriel Núñez Antonio

Ph.D Javier Vivaldo Lima

Also, we appreciate the support they gave us during their management

Ph.D José Luis Hernández Pozos

Ph.D Patricia Ramı́rez Romero

• Marı́a Elena Martı́nez Cuero

Energy and Environment

1st CBI Students’ Meeting

Effective medium equations: applications

Internationalism in an age of nationalism:

Studying and research in Germany

Publish or perish? Key points to consider

Traveling wave solutions of PDE

The role of electrochemical energy

Regarding Renewable energy generation, the Mexican government has set

On the analysis of abdominal signals for

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Monitoring Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans biofilm

Exact solution for the confined hydrogen atom as

impact of every confinement potential over the fundamental properties of

Magnetic stimulation effects on spinal cord injury

Magnetic Stimulation (MS) has shown promising results in treating cen-

Correlation filter review

Correlation filters have been applied successfully in disordered images

The cool kids of Complexity Theory:

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Structure of the invariant states of the generators

Some reducibility criteria for Polynomials

Stability in the General Economic Equilibrium

The Best Strategy to Kick a Penalty

Game Theory is a branch of the mathematics, which tried to catch the

Thermodynamics of a higher dimensional

Scalar Field and the Dark Side of the Universe

Anomalous conical emission with Bessel beams

to excite the D2(3s2S1/2 → 3p2P3/2). Bessel beams have specific features

A symmetry behind quantization process

Brownian Stirling engine

Tunable Diode Lasers

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Peripheral dose measurement in hypofractionated

Characterization of auditive, olfactory and

ADC values. Segmentation of the different regions was manually drawn

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Process engineering and hydraulic