Kreatryx GATE 2018 ECE Solutions PDF

R
GATE 2018
Detailed Solutions
BY
KREATRYX
ECE
th
10 Feb 2018
Morning Session
Note:-
Don't forget to ll out your marks in the Rank Predictor Form at the end
Klassroom 2019 Program for GATE-EE and GATE-EC in Kalu Sarai, New Delhi
ECE
Technical
Question: 1
Answer: (C)
Solution:
 For differential equation degree of each term should be 1 & then A & B are linear
Hence A & B are linear
 For linear system, y  t   mu  t 
But in (c), y  t   au  t   b & hence system is non-linear
 Option (D) is linear as integration is linear process
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ECE
Question: 2
Answer: (0.48)
Solution:
min 1 156
   0.48
min2 2 325
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ECE
Question: 3
Answer: (D)
Solution:
The input impedance of trans impedance amplifier is low & low output impedance because it
converts current to voltage
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ECE
Question: 4
Answer: (0)
f   0 
The coefficient of x2 in Taylor series is
2!
2
x t
f  x    e 2 dt

x2
f  x  e

2
x2
f   x   xe

2
f   0   0
Hence, coefficient of x2 is zero
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ECE
Question: 5
Answer: (C)
Solution:
f  A,B,C   ABC  ABC  ABC  m 0,2, 4 
In maximum term
    
f  A,B,C   M1,3,5,6,7   A  B  C A  B  C A  B  C  A  B  C  A  B  C 
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ECE
Question: 6
Answer: (0.125)
Solution:
 1   1 
Hence error Pe   P 1   P    P  1   P  
 2   1 
1  1 
0.5   1  0.25  0.5   1  0.25
 2   2 
Pe  0.125
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ECE
Question: 7
Answer: (B)
Solution:
For a discrete time all pass system
1
Z
p*
Also, complex poles exists in conjugate pair
p1  0.250
p2  230
1
z1   40
 0.250 
*
1
z2   0.530
 230 
*
p3  2  30
z3  0.5  30
Since pole lie outside the unit circle, so system is stable if ROC includes unit circle which
means ROC is annular region between two concentric circles. Hence, impulse response must
be two sided.
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ECE
Question: 8
Answer: (C)
Solution:
To make the true period T  40 the signal
t
y t  x  
4
Scaling operation dose not affected the Fourier series coefficients & it only changes the
fundamental frequency
Hence
bk  ak

b
k 
k
 16
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ECE
Question: 9
Answer: (C)
Solution:
MOS cascade is used to provide current buffering for the output of a common source
amplifying transistor.
Earlier we saw that Common Gate configuration is used as current

buffer. As the transistor Q2 is in CG configuration with biasing
voltage VG2 it acts as current buffer
In Common Gate configuration we know that output resistance

increases by a factor and the input resistance decrease by a factor.
Let say factor is K
R 0  r01  K  Kr02
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ECE
To find R0 set Vi  0
Small signal model for the given circuit for output resistance
Vgs2  ix  r01

Vx  ix  gm2 Vgs2 r02
Vx  ixr02  1  gm2r01  r02ix
Vx
 r  r  r r g 
ix  01 02 01 02 m2 
R 0  r01  r02  r01r02gm2 
R 0  r0 1r0 2gm2
R0   gm2r02  r01
gm2r02  A0 = Intrinsic gain of Common Gate Amplifier

R 0  A02r01
i0
gm 
Vi
As the Q2 is current buffer only
gm2Vgs2  gm1Vi
The overall trans-conductance would be

i0
gm   gm1
Vi
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ECE
Question: 10
Answer: (D)
Solution:


f  2ax  xy  y ax  by
2 2


ax 2 y  by 3
x x2 y 2 x2 y 2
At x  1, y  2
f 2a  8b

x 4


f  2by  xy ax  by
2 2


by 2 x  ax3
y x y
2 2
x2 y 2
At x  1, y  2
f 4b  a

y 4
Since,
f f

x y
4b  a 2a  8b

4 4
12b  3a
a  4b
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ECE
Question: 11
Answer: (2)
Solution:
Since infinite solution are possible for AX  0 , it means that matrix A is singular A  0
k 2k
0
k  k k2
2
 
k3  2k k 2  k  0
2k  k  0
2 3
k2 2  k   0
k0 & k2
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ECE
Question: 12
Answer: (B)
Solution:
Initially capacitors are unchanged. So zener diode is OFF & both capacitors are in sense.
Due to negative feedback, we consider virtual ground
V0
1
Isup   1mA
1k
This current flows through capacitors and charges them by equal amount and as soon as
voltage becomes 2.5V across each zener diode turns ON
In this case
The voltage becomes 2.5V when

dv
C 1
dt
2.5
1f   1mA
t1
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ECE
t1  2.5msec
Beyond this only C1 charges and VC2  2.5V and as soon as VC1  7.5 V , V0  10V
dv
C 1
dt
5
1F   1mA
t2
t2  5msec
Total time to charge upto
7.5V  t1  t2  7.5msec
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ECE
Question: 13
Answer: (0.001)
Solution:
For distortion-less line,
  RG and Z 0  R
G
R
G
Z 20
R 0.05
   0.001np meter
Z0 50
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ECE
Question: 14
Answer: (D)
Solution:
Close loop frequency respose can be obtained by intersection of nyquist plot with constant
M and constant N circles
Hence option (d) is false
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ECE
Question: 15
Answer: (4.8)
Solution:
V
B
I2 V 2 0
Short circuit terminal 2

V1 V1
I1  
2  5112 10
2
7
5
I2  I1 
7
5
V1 
I 2  7  5V1
10 24
2
7
V1 24
  4.8
I2 5
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ECE
Question: 16
Answer: (0.416)
Solution:
As we know
2   V0  VF   1 1 
W   
q  NA ND 
So, W  V0  VF
Hence
When VF  0V
Then W1  V0 and W1  1m
When VF  ?
W2  0.6m
W1 V0
 
W2 V0  VF
1 0.65

0.6 0.65  VF
VF  0.416V
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ECE
Question: 17
Answer: (D)
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ECE
Question: 18
Answer: (B)
Solution:
Since P  s  has no real roots it means P  s  never becomes zero for any real values of ‘s’ thus
implies
P  s  is either positive or negative for all real values of s
Hence,  real s P  s  is either increasing or decreasing

So it can have only one real root
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ECE
Question: 19
Answer: (5)
Solution:
Total time period = 70 + 5 + 75 = 150 sec
Clock period = 5 sec
Number of clock cycles = 30
So, we need to divide clock frequency by 30 & hence there must be 30 states.
2n  30
Hence, n = 5
So, 5 flip flops are required.
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ECE
Question: 20
Answer: (0.125)
Solution:
P  x 4  x3  x 4
 x2  x 4
 x1 
All are independent

 P  x 4  x3  P  x 4  x2  P  x 4  x1 
 P  x 4  x3  P  x 4  x 2  P  x 4  x 1 
 P  x 4  x3  0  P  x 4  x2  0  P  x 4  x1  0 
All are Gaussian Random
Variable with mean 0 & variable 2
1 1 1 1
     0.125
2 2 2 8
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ECE
Question: 21
Answer: (C)
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ECE
Question: 22
Answer: (C)
Solution:
If a matrix has n’ distinct Eigen vectors then it have n’ linearly independent Eigen vectors
So, statement 2 implies statement 1
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ECE
Question: 23
Answer: (0.25)
Solution:
4cos  2400t   cos  2000   cos  2800t 
Comparing with standard eg.

Acma Acma
Ac cos c t  cos  c  m  t  cos  c  m  t
2 2
2
 ma   ma  0.5
Ac
Am 1
Now ma    Am  2
Ac 2
Pm 2
Now   0.25
Pc 8
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ECE
Question: 24
Answer: (16)
Solution:
No. of distinct code words for n-variable is given by  2n
No of distinct code words for –variable with at least ‘K’ hamming distance is
2n
 2nk 1
2K 1
 here n  5
k 2
So 252 1  16
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ECE
Question: 25
Answer: (D)
Solution:
For CMOS logic the overall logic is complement of logic of NMOS gate
In series, the logic is AND & in parallel logic is OR
F  AB  AB  AB  AB
So, it behaves as XOR gate
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ECE
Question: 26
Answer: (0.75)
Solution:
f = 1.25 fc
TE01  2 TE1.0
V V
 2
2b 2a
a = 2b

b 
2
 fc 
1  
 f 
2  2b 
4
1.25
2
 1 
1  
 1.25 
b = 0.75
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ECE
Question: 27
Answer: (A)
Solution:
dy x 2  y 2 y
 
dx 2y x
dy  1 1  x2
 y   
dx  x 2  2y
dy  1 1  x2
y  y2    
dx x 2 2
dy  1 1  x2
y  y2    
dx  x 2  2y
Assume y 2  t
dy dt
2y 
dx dx
dy 1 dt
y 
dx 2 dx
1 dy 1  1 1  x2
   
2 dx 2  x 2  2
dt  2 
 t  t    x2
dx  x 
 2
Integrating factor  e

  1   dx
 x
e

 x lnx2   e x
x2
ex
ex
t.   x2 2 dx  c  e x  c
x 2
x
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ECE
y 2  x2  cx2ex
At x  1 , y  0
0  1  ce
c  e1
y 2  x2  x2e
x 1
y2
e
x 1
1
x2
 
 x  1  ln  1  yx
2
2 
 
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ECE
Question: 28
Answer: (4.5)
Solution:
r y z
 2x  
x x x
y
Since x & y are independent 0
x
r z
1
x x
Since, z3  xy  yz  y3  1
Differentiate both sides with respect to x
z z
3z 2 yy 0
x x
Here,
Y has been treated as constant with respect to x
z y

x 3z 2  y
z 1 1
x
 2, 1,1  
3 1

2
r 1
 4   4.50
x 2
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ECE
Question: 29
Answer: (A)
Solution:
T  s   C sI  A  B
1
s  4 1.5
 sI  A    4 
s 

 s 1.5  1
 sI  A 
1
  2
 4 s  4  s  4s  6
2s 1
 sI  A 
1
B  2
8
  s  4s  6
3s  8  0.625 3s  5
C  sI  A  B 
1
 2
s  4s  6
2
s  4s  6
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ECE
Question: 30
Answer: (8)
Solution:
t
Arect    AT sinc  fT 
T
 f t
AT sinc  tT   Arect     Arect  
 T T
By comparing AT sinc  tT  4 sinc  2t 
T  2, A  2
f
4 sinc  2t   2rect  
2
By parseval’s theorem
 
1
y  t  dt  y    d
2 2



2 
By Hilbert Transform, magnitude of Fourier transform does not change
Y    X  
   
1 f 2 f 
y  t  dt 
2



2 
4rect 2   d 
2


4rect  
2
df  4  1df  8

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ECE
Question: 31
Answer: (C)
Solution:
Output of 1st multiplexer  UV  0   UV 1  UV 1   UV 0 
 UV  UV
Output of 2nd multiplexer  UV  UV  WX  UV  UV  WX  0WX  0WX
  
 UV  UV W X  X 
 W UV  UV 
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ECE
Question: 32
Answer: (-0.5)
Solution:
 0.5   0.5 
Pe  P   P  0.5  P   P  0.5 
 0.5   0.5 
1 1 1 3

2
 0.5          0.5
4 2 4
1 1 1 3
    0.5         0.5 
4 2 2 4
1  3 3
   
16 8 8 16
1 
Pe  
4 4
0.5    0.5
Pe will be minimum when   0.5
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ECE
Question: 33
Answer: (C)
Solution:
Input frequency   5 rad sec
1 1
Xc    0.2 M  200 k
c 5
By voltage division
5    j200  5   j1  j 
c    2.5 1  j  2.5 2 
200  j200 2 4
c  t   2.5 2 sin 5t  0.25 
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ECE
Question: 34
Answer: (0.8415)
Solution:
Since probability of data input transition is 0.3 So, it means D changes its value thrice in every
10 cycles
Assume initially D = 0 & Q = 0 So, X = 0
3  TCK  T  9.9
Average value of x = 3.3    0.85  0.8415 V
10 TCK 10
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ECE
Question: 35
Answer: (0.42)
Solution:
IM1  Im2
Assume both is sat.
w w
   VGS1  VT      VGS2  VT 
2 2
 L 1  L 2
V  VT   2  VGS2  VT 
2 2
GS1
w w
   2 
 L 2  L 1
VG1  VG2  2
 2  1  2  2  V  1
2 2
x
1  2 1  V 
2
x
1  2 1  Vx 
Case (i) 2Vx  2  1

Vx  2  1
Vx  0.29
Case (ii) 2Vx  2  1
Vx  1.70
In both case Tr is not is saturation
Tr  2 is sat & Tr 1 in linear region.
IDS1  IDS2
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ECE
2 2
w  1   w   V  VT 
nCox     VGS1  VT  VDS1  VDS   nCox    GS2 
 L 1  2 1  L 2  2 
1
Vx  Vx 2  1  Vx 
2
2
 
2
2Vx  Vx2  1  Vx2  2Vx
2Vx  Vx2  2  2Vx2  4Vx

3Vx2  6Vx  2  0
Vx  1.57
Vx  0.42
Vx = 1.57 is not valid
Vx  0.42
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ECE
Question: 36
Answer: (B)
Solution:
1
  10

E 
20 dB  20 log  1 
 E2 
E1  10 E2
E2  0.1E1
E1 ex  0.1E1
e10x  0.1
10x = 2.3
X = 0.23
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ECE
Question: 37
Answer: (8)
Solution:
For y=1 only of the inputs to the or gate must be 1
For second input to be 1. x3  1 & other three variables can have any value.
For first input to be 1, the output of both inverter & AND gate should be 1
For inverter output to be 1, x0  0 & other three variables can have any value
For AND gate output to be 1. x0  1 & other input should also be 1 & hence output of AND
gate can never be 1.
So, there can only be 8 combinations for which y=1
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ECE
Question: 38
Answer: (0.316)
Solution:
Req  2, L  1H
1
Time constant,   sec
2
V  
t
1
it  
 1  e    1  2e
R 2
2t


At t  0.5sec
1
it 
2
 
1  e1  0.316A
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ECE
Question: 39
Answer: (14.925)
Solution:
1
Mr  2
2 1  2
1

42 1  2   4
1
4  4  4 2  0
4
1
 4  2  0
16
2  0.933, 0.067
  0.966, 0.2588
For resonance peak,   0.707 , hence   0.2588
s2  2s  k  0
2 1
   0.2588
2 k k
1
K  14.925
2
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ECE
Question: 40
Answer: (B)
Solution:
2 2
et  e f
t  x t

x t / 2  2 e2 f  2 2
2
et /2
 2e  22f 2
2
 2 2f 2
0.5e t e
2

2
 22f 2
H t   e
2

H f  
2
e  42f 2
2
Sy  f   S   f  H  f  
2
1  4 2f2  4 2f2
Sy  f  
 e  e
2 2 4
 
Power   e  42f 2
 4
  2 f 2 
2 
4 0
e df 
8
 0.22
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ECE
Question: 41
Answer: (6.4)
Solution:
26mV
Small signal resistance of diode   1k
26A
1
Reactance of capacitance 1   1k
wc 2  10  0.5  109
6
Small signal model
Zer  100  (1000)11(  j1000)  100  (500  j500)  600  j500

781.02 / 39.8
Amplitude of small signal diode current
5mV
  6.4A
781.02
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ECE
Question: 42
Answer: (B)
Solution:
As we know
R  G  B
Hence
 1.24 
ER  EG  EB  E eV 
   cm 
Now
Built in potential  V0  is given by
N N 
V0  VT ln  A 2 D
 n  V
 i 
Now
EG
mi  e
Hence V0  EG
So correct order is
VBR  VBG  VBB
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ECE
Question: 43
Answer: (-0.207)
Solution:
2 y dy 5y
 
dt 2
dt 4
Taking Laplace transform both sides
5
s2 Y  s   sy  0   y   0   sY  s   y  0   Y s 
4
 2 5
 s  s   Y s  s  1
 4
1  1
s  
s 1 s 1 2  2
Y s    
5  1
2
 1
2
 1
2
s2  s 
4 s  2   1 s  2   1 s  2   1
     
Taking inverse Laplace transform
 t 1 t 
y  t    e 2 cost  e 2 sint 
 2 
At t  


1  
y t  e

2
cos   e 2 sin   e 2 = -0.2078
2
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ECE
Question: 44
Answer: (0.5)
Solution:
Since the opamp has negative feedback so there may be the case of virtual ground let’s
assume virtual ground of terminal  VA  then using KCL
1  0 0  V0

1k 31k
V0  31V
But this is not possible because opamp goes into saturation region and V0 can’t be greater
than 15V and less than -15V
Hence, V0  15V
i.e., our assumption that opamp is in virtual ground condition is wrong
Now
1  VA VA  V0

1k 31k
As we have V0  15V
So, VA  0.5V
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ECE
Question: 45
Answer: (D)
Solution:
c  t  =Accos2fc t
m  t   cos  2fmt 
Fc  5fm
Vi  c  t   m  t 
V0  av i  bv i2  t   a  c(t)  m(t)  b  c(t)  m(t)

2
V0  a  c(t)  m(t)  bc2 (t)  bm2 (t)  2bm(t)c(t)

V0 is passed through 1 deal band pass filter centre as fc
m  t   fm ; fm
c  t   fc , fc
c2  t   2fc , 2fc
m2  t   2fm , 2fm
m  t  c  t   fc  fm to fc  fm
fc  5m
After band pass filter
a cos  fc t  2b cos2fmt cos 2fct
a  2b cos2f t  cos 2f t
m c
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ECE
a2
Pc 
2
4b2
P side band   b2
4
P side band b2 1
 2 2 
pc a 2
a  2b  a  2
b
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ECE
Question: 46
Answer: (13)
Solution
The bandwidth of original signal is 5kHz so the spectrum will lie between -5kHz and 5kHz
and when we sample the signal, the spectrum will contain the copies of original spectrum at
nfs
For reconstruction the filter must only filter the original spectrum and no copy of spectrum
should be included
The left edge of first copy will lie at fs-5 and it should lie ahead of 8kHz so that it is filtered
out by filter
Hence fs- 5> 8 and hence minimum value of fs is 13 kHz
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ECE
Question: 47
Answer: (3)
Solution:
Inverse DFT,
2
1 N1 j kn
x n  
N k 0
X k  e N
2
1 7
 
j kn
x n  
8 k 0
K  1 e 4
1 
j n

j n j
3
n j
4
n j
3
n j
7
n
 1  2e 4  3ee 2  4e 2  5e  6e 2  7e 4  8e 4 
jn

8 
3
 x 2n  x 0  x 2  x 4  x 6

n 0
36
x 0  
8
1 1
x 2  1  2 j  3  4 j  5  6 j  7 j  8 j   4  j4 
8 8
1 4
x  4   1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  
8 8
1 1
x 6   1  2 j  3  4 j  5  6 j  7  8 j   4  4 j
8 8
3
1
 x 2n  8 36  4  4  4  3
n 0
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ECE
Question: 48
Answer: (0.1)
Solution:
At   PC (Phase cross-over frequency)
Gain = 20 dB
For marginally stable system
Gain = 0dB at   PC
Hence, the gain K must be -20 dB to make overall gain 0 dB & make the system marginally
stable
20logK  20
logK  1
K  101  0.1
Hence, if K<0.1, system becomes unstable
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ECE
Question: 49
Answer: (2)
Solution:
This is a case of oblique incidence
No reflection occurs at Breusster’s angle
Hence
r2
tan B 
r1
Now from diagram and equilibrium
 tan B  2
r2
So,  2 and r1  1
r1
So, r2  2
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ECE
Question: 50
Answer: (2)
Solution:
1 dz 1
 j 0 z2  1  j
.   f  z  dz
0
1
f z  has 2 poles z  1 & z  1
z2  1
Based on contour shown, both lie inside contour but both are in opposite direction one
clockwise and one anti clockwise.
 1 1  1
f(z)      2
  z  1 
z  1 2

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ECE
Question: 51
Answer: (0.119)
Solution:
For p p junction
N 
VB  VT ln  A1 
 NA2 

VB  25.8ln 10
16
1014 mV  25.8ln10 mV

0
VB  0.119V
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ECE
Question: 52
Answer: (A)
Solution:
As w0 goes high. The first diode turns ON which pulls up the bit line & makes B0=1
But the line B1 which is connected to w, remains open & hence B1=0
Similarity when w1 is asserted, B1 gets high & B0 = 0
1 0
hence  
0 1
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ECE
Question: 53
Answer: (B)
Solution:
Range of input voltage  6v  5%  5.7v to 6.3v
The output voltage due to zener diode is 5v
I0  5  5mA
1k
The minimum zener current is 2mA
Hence, minimum current through source = 7mA
6.3  5
R1   186
7mA
5.7  5
R2   100
7mA
The value of R  100 should be considered so that current always remains higher 2mA &
zener operates in breakdown region.
6.3  5
For Vin  6.3v Is   13mA
100
Iload  5mA
I z(max)  13.5  8mA
Pz  5  8mA  40mW
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ECE
Question: 54
Answer: (0.608)
Solution:
 
V0c  Voc  VT ln  2 
 1 
2 1
 0.2 
 0.65  0.026ln    0.608
 1 
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ECE
Question: 55
Answer: (8)
Solution:
The network is symmetric about line joining the terminates So, network can be folded
1.5  0.5
R eq  R 1  R 1  R 1 11 R 3  0.5  0.5  0.5 11 1.5  1   1  0.375  1.375  8A
2 2 2 2
2
11
I  8A
1.375
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ECE
Aptitude
Question: 1
Answer: (B)
Solution:
1.5
tan    0.5
3
h
tan    0.5
33
h  3m
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ECE
Question: 2
Answer: (B)
Solution:
If the sum of digits is divisible by 3, then the either no is divisible by 3
Let missing numbers = x
Sum  4  1  5  x  4  2  3  22  x
The minimum whole numbers for 22  x to be divisible by 3 is x  2
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ECE
Question: 3
Answer: (D)
Solution:
First term, a = 1
1
Common ratio, r 
4
a 1 4
Sum of infinite series, S   
1 r 1 3
1
4
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ECE
Question: 4
Answer: (B)
Solution:
By giving him the last piece of cake, you will ensure lasting Peace in our house today
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ECE
Question: 5
Answer: (A)
Solution:
Even though there is a vast scope for its improvement tourism has removed a neglected area.
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ECE
Question: 6
Answer: (C)
Solution:
John was considered as leader from early days as finding a good captain is challenging
Over past three series, he has been scoring big score so his performance is improving.
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ECE
Question: 7
Answer: (C)
Solution:
P  car  blue identifly  blue 
P (car = blue | identify = blue) =
P(identify  blue)
P (identify = blue) = P (car = blue) P (correct) + P (car = green) P (incorrect)= 0.15 × 0.8 +
0.85 × 0.2 = 0.29
P (car = blue / identify = blue) = P (identify = blue/car = blue)
P  car  blue  0.8  0.15
  0.41  41%
0.29 0.29
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ECE
Question: 8
Answer: (B)
Solution:
Assume mass of each alloy = x
2x 3 x x 7x
Total gold   x  2 3 
5 37 5 10 10
3x 7x 3x 7x 13x
Total copper     
3  2 7  3 5 10 10
Overall ratio  7 : 13
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ECE
Question: 9
Answer: (B)
Solution:
If tourism improves more people will visit the location & hence city will become crowded
pointed
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ECE
Question: 10
Answer: (B)
Solution:
n
 r 
Amount  P  1  
 100 
P is amount inverted
R is rate of interest
N is no. of years
5
 10 
10,00,000  P  1  
 100 
P  620921.3  6,21,000
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R

Hence, coefficient of x2 is zero

Earlier we saw that Common Gate configuration is used as current

In Common Gate configuration we know that output resistance

gm2r02  A0 = Intrinsic gain of Common Gate Amplifier

The overall trans-conductance would be

k0 & k2

The voltage becomes 2.5V when

Short circuit terminal 2

Hence,  real s P  s  is either increasing or decreasing

All are independent

Comparing with standard eg.

c  t   2.5 2 sin 5t  0.25 

Case (i) 2Vx  2  1

2Vx  Vx2  2  2Vx2  4Vx

Small signal model

Zer  100  (1000)11(  j1000)  100  (500  j500)  600  j500

V0  av i  bv i2  t   a  c(t)  m(t)  b  c(t)  m(t)

V0  a  c(t)  m(t)  bc2 (t)  bm2 (t)  2bm(t)c(t)

 x 2n  x 0  x 2  x 4  x 6

1014 mV  25.8ln10 mV

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