Question No. 2:
Essay 2:
You are assigned to prospect an area for an extractable mineral(s). However, in your course of
works, you discover no such minerals but some other valuable minerals which your employer is
(are) not interested. On the other hand, the information you have is of great importance to the
adjoining interest. As an engineer can you release the particular information which you have to the
other party so that the minerals may be explored. Please discuss taking into consideration of the
IEM Regulations on Professional Conduct.
Introduction
As an engineer, we shall be responsible to our employer and take care his benefits unless it is
jeopardising the community from health and safety aspect. Therefore, we do not disclose
information gained during the course of employment without permission of the employer. The
works and information could be highly important and confidential for both the company and staffs.
Duty to employer
With awareness of our duty and responsibility in the company and to our employer, we should also
try to contribute to the advancement of the industry and greater benefits of community. If in the
course of my works, some other valuable materials were discovered, the information shall also be
properly recorded and reported first to my employer. Though it is not interested in my employer,
the finding/ discovery can be used for the goodness of society and possibly can reduce and even
recover the non-productive investment that employer put in. If the engineer feels it is for benefit
of the people and hope the mineral could be extracted, he could propose to his employer. With
permission by employer and disclosure of information in an appropriate way will not scarcity
benefits of the company.
Conclusion
In the course of our works, we report our findings to the employer. In the same time, we make our
works benefiting the society. Disclosure of information, if with good reasons, shall be done in an
ethical manner. The interest of our employer shall be safeguarded. For this case, we shall gain
permission from an employer or propose to employer our ideas.
IEM PI Section B-Question 3
IEM Professional Interview
Question No. 3:
“It is the responsibility of every engineer to give the highest regard to his profession and conduct
himself with integrity when executing his tasks. “ Discuss this statement in detail within the context
of the Malaysian environment.
Introduction
In Malaysia, when dealing with contractor and subcontractor, it is often unavoidable to have a
close and routine liaison with them. It is often some sort of habits such as gift hampers, petrol
allowance, provision of cars, vouchers, some sort of benefits and discount for purchase orders are
always seemed “normal” and not a trait or significant matters that may involve some sort of
inappropriate intention and conflict of interests.
However, as engineers, we shall always conduct ourselves responsibly, ethically and sincerely. In
course of works, we make sure works being carried out and delivered to meet the intended use,
quality and required specification. As such, we shall receive remuneration and benefits only from
our employer and not others. It is essential to avoid inappropriate actions or decisions during
discharging our duties to the employer.
For the case of Engineer X to accept the offer, by Mr Z, the latest model of an electronic gadget,
at a discounted price, is seemed a bit breaching the IEM regulations on Professional Conduct. It is
because the discounted price indeed can be considered a valuable consideration. Though the
engineer X is contracted to Y company owned by Mr Z, engineer X is already accepting
remuneration from his employer who contracting him to Y company for the project. He shall not
accept financial and benefits from more than one party for the same project. If Mr Z appreciates
engineer X for his efforts in the project, he could still make such offer but it is more appropriate
to offer via his employer to engineer X.
For the working environment, the habits could sometimes affect the effectiveness of instruction/
command when we are discharging our routine duties if we have taken some sort of benefits from
another, except it is stipulated inside contract of employment.
Engineer shall ensure his work meet the needs, specification, no danger
Without taking benefits from others, engineer and other members in the industry can cooperate
and make the project completed in a truthful way. For all projects, it is a priority to ensure work
quality to follow design specification and meet intended use.
Engineer shall accept only remuneration, fees and benefit of his employer
Unless the benefits are stipulated into employment contract prior to the commencement of work,
engineers shall not accept unstated kind of benefits. It is important for engineers to carry duties
with integrity.
Conclusion
A Registered Engineer shall not solicit or accept financial or other valuable consideration, directly
or indirectly, from outside agents in connection with the work for which he is responsible unless
the circumstances are fully disclosed and agreed by all interested parties.
IEM PI-Section B-Question 4
IEM Professional Interview
Question No. 4:
Introduction
IEM regulations of professional conduct are written rules and principles for members to conduct
themselves in ethical and moral manner when discharging their duties and carrying their works.
The regulations and rules are written in broad and general terms and cover all eventualities.
The regulations, basically, require members to uphold the dignity of the profession, be honest and
fair to all parties, ensure works constitute no danger, do not jeopardise the benefits of his fellow
engineers, etc.
By memorising this set of regulations and rules, though cannot ensure the professionalism of an
engineer, these rules are an introduction and basic qualifying requirement and essential guidelines
that all members must remember. After memorising and understand them with heart, the following
aspects are also much desired to attain professionalism of the engineers.
Question No. 5:
The IEM Regulations of Professional Conduct speaks against active self-promotion and
advertisement. In what ways should such restraint enhance the stature of engineers as
professionals? More importantly, given the advent (arrival) of information technology age where
virtual reality is becoming the norm, how would any violation of the IEM Regulations of
Professional Conduct be detected and dealt with?
Introduction
IEM regulations of professional conduct are written rules and principles for members to conduct
themselves in ethical and moral manner when discharging their duties and carrying their works.
The regulations and rules are written in broad and general terms and cover all eventualities.
The regulations, basically, require members to uphold the dignity of the profession, be honest and
fair to all parties, ensure works constitute no danger to the public, do not jeopardise the benefits of
his fellow engineers, etc.
One of the rules is a member shall not use self-laudatory language or in any manner derogatory to
the dignity of the profession, to advertise or write articles for publication, nor shall he authorise
any such advertisement or article to be written or published by any other person.
All these IEM regulations of professional conduct, including prohibit of active self-promotion and
advertisement, are to enhance the stature of engineers as professionals and further promote the
profession as attractive and rewarding ones.
Conclusion
Prohibition of active self-promotion and advertisement are not meant to restrict growing of
business of individual engineer. It is indeed encouraging competency with the allocation of
resources into enhancing competence and skills. The restraint could avoid unhealthy approaches
which shown desperation to secure jobs but jeopardising the profession as a rewarding career as a
whole and in the long run.
IEM PI Section B-Question 6
Question No. 6:
You are an engineer and it is known that your project activities/ plant production had caused an
adverse health, safety and/ or environmental (HSE) impact. To improve the HSE quality, you have
to cease your project activities/ production for a period, resulting in the inability to meet the
schedule and targets. How would you handle in a situation where there is a conflict between the
IEM Regulations on Professional Conduct and commercial consideration?
Introduction
According to IEM regulation on professional conduct, members shall ensure that his works and
products constitute no danger, cause no health issues and no damage to the environment. When
there is a conflict of interest between his own and others especially the community, his shall uphold
the benefit of the community and his duty to them must prevail.
In addition, it is the responsibility of all humans to not polluting the environment, not initiating
irresponsible actions that will jeopardise others and own good health and safety. All economic
activities and development will only become sustainable if people are healthy, workplaces are safe
and the environment is clean.
Like sickness, prevention is better than cure. If the sickness has unfortunately arisen upon us, we
shall open to medical examination and accept the cure.
If my project activities or plant production had caused an adverse health, safety or environmental
(HSE) impact, I will report, discuss and advise employer for stipulated period for repair and
rectification works. If it is deemed necessary, due to benefits of workers and public from HSE
aspects, I will recommend about ceasing of project activities and production though that may result
in the inability to meet the schedule and targets.
In the same time, I will quickly kick off the repair and rectification works, along with contingency
plan such business response plan to catch up a schedule of project activities and production after
repair works with all relevant colleagues and staffs.
The prime action is definitely to settle the HSE matters. While in the same time, we plan and
arrange in advance plans to recover business and project activities or production back to tracks
once the HSE matters are settled.
Stop work
Occupational, Safety and Health Act 1994 is the law to govern the safety and health at workplaces
while Environmental Quality Act 1974 is the law to govern environmental matters in Malaysia.
For construction and manufacturing industries, which often involve the use of heavy machine and
equipment, Factories and Machinery Act 1967 is the law to govern the safe use of machine during
work and after installation for tenant use.
Under the acts, both employer and employee have obligation to ensure safety and health at
workplaces and not causing environmental problems. If offended, fines and imprisonment could
be imposed.
Nowadays, many companies have their own HSE policy too, which could be more stringent
because of industry oriented requirement such as oil and gas industry. By adhering to company
HSE policy, it is sometimes abiding by the laws. In addition, the self-voluntary stop work is not
merely an obligation to laws, it is indeed our commitment to HSE and sustainability of project
activities and business. Stop work at an early stage when problems are identified, rather than
waiting until serious damage take place, could maintain the good corporate image and make the
business sustainable.
For the construction industry, one errant contractor with the occurrence of bad HSE incidents
would not be welcomed by the client and could be blacklisted from the future bidding of projects.
Conclusion
In other words, efforts and incorporation of HSE concern into project activities and production are
not merely an obligation to laws but also aligning to the sustainability of commercial interest and
consideration. For my project activities and production, if HSE matters are affected, I will
definitely rectify the matters first and follow up with a response plan to catch up the schedule for
the project activities and production.
IEM PI Section B-Question 8
Question No. 8:
Engineers are always entrusted with the responsibility of implementing large-scale projects
involving millions of dollars. In view of a large amount of money changing hands, the integrity
and ethical standards of engineers are being put to test. What measures can an engineer take to
prevent corruption and unethical practice of cutting corners in order to safeguard the good image
of the engineering profession?
Introduction
Though engineers contribute to the nation in general, the public sometimes cast a suspicious
feeling of possible unethical conduct, bribery and corruption upon engineers and others in the
construction industry when there is a failure of engineering works. For instance, public inevitably
doubts the integrity of engineers when the collapse of steel roof at Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin
Stadium, cracking of pier structures of MRR2, the collapse of a building at Petaling Jaya during
demolition works, delays of completion of mega projects, boosting up of project cost and etc.
These cases have resulted in bad perception among the public about the ethical behaviour,
competency and responsibility of engineers and others in the industry.
It is often when failures of engineering works take place and boosting of the project cost is
reported, public perceive possible corruption has taken place. The investigation of trueness of the
perception upon engineers or others in the industry to be handed over to relevant parties such Board
of Engineers and Ad hoc committee set up for the objectives.
Notwithstanding to trueness of the perception, engineers shall still take actions and behave
themselves in professional manners to safeguard the good image of the profession. The good and
responsible actions are much needed from engineers for the sustainability, advancement of the
engineering profession and good prospect to those involved in the career. Some of the actions are:
e) Do not abuse authority (power) for own interest and report conflict of interest
Abuse of authority could be prevented with practice as per earlier sub-subject c) especially for the
conventional contract.
In addition, the engineer should report in writing about conflict of interest to the client. It is even
more appropriate if he rejects appointment as consulting engineer for the same project if he has a
substantial stake in the contracting or supplier firm and keen to bid for the contract. By choosing
whether to work as consulting engineer and contractor only, we could avoid conflict of interests
and unethical behaviour.
Conclusion
Engineers play a significant role in developing the nation. Almost all mega projects that are needed
to put our nation into developed conditions need engineers. Therefore, engineers shall have ethical
behaviour which is much anticipated to contribute to healthy and competent work culture while
contributing to the physical and hardware aspect.
Question No. 10:
Most projects are awarded on a competitive bidding basis. Supposing you had been the designated
engineer of one of the bidders that were not awarded with the letter of intent by the Client. You
are then approached by the ‘winner’ to join the Consultant Team. Should you accept the second
appointment? If yes, describe the situations, which might be seen as a conflict of interests. If no,
describe the reasons and/ or clear cut situations why you should decline the second appointment.
Answer:
Introduction
We, as engineers, do not injure directly or indirectly the prospect of another engineer. In the same
time, we shall be faithful and honest with our client and employer. In discharging our duty and
carrying our works, we shall bear in mind that fair and honest dealing with all parties is an essential
principle. If there is a conflict of interest of oneself with others, we shall act with integrity and fair
toward others.
For the scenario which I was approached by the “winner” to join his consultant team, I presume
the invitation to bid and the project are of design and build contract. I was the engineer of another
contractor who has not successful bidding the contract. Upon announcement of the “winner”, the
“winner” offers the appointment as their engineer to us.
In my view of points, I may accept the invitation because of the following reasons and with the
following conditions.
Rights to review, redesign, use and not to apply the design of original engineer of the “winner”
Engineer bears his responsibility with him to the grave. Though the design of other engineer is
well prepared and done, the engineer who takes over the jobs shall monitor and ensure successful
implementation and construction. He, therefore, needs to review, check and possible redesign if
not all but still there could be substantial part needed to be checked.
By accepting the invitation or appointment of the “winner”, it is merely a change of responsible
engineers to monitor, supervise and handle the project. The new engineer shall still discharge his
duty and responsibility to “winner”.
Hence, engineers shall not accept the wrongful offer by “winner” with all kind of reasons to
substitute engineer and try to appoint a cheaper one.
Conclusion
As an ethical and responsible engineer, we shall take care the interest of our employer and ensure
duty and professional services rendered to him are completed. We shall avoid conflict of interests
by not assisting two clients who are opposite competing sides at the same time. If it is unavoidable,
we shall inform both of them and let them make a decision or we choose one.
In the same time, we do not attempt to take over the business prospect of another engineer unless
the engineer consents and there is no unethical and errant practice in replacing the original
engineer.
IEM PI Section B-Question 13
Conclusion
Though it is desirable for a firm to secure projects, the process shall be transparent and via a
competitive bidding process. Jobs awarded with hidden secrets and unethical method will not be
sustainable for the firm. It is because the firm could have lost his competency. Furthermore, as an
elder reputable engineer, he has greater responsibility to show a good sample to his peers for the
advancement of the profession.
In other words, I will reject the request of the errant leaders of the political party. If he is willing
to listen, I will further advise them to listen to people and sincerely to provide services to people.
With that, only will they gain victory in the by-election and supports from people.