Design Discussion

AUTOMATIC FAN CONTROLLER CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

In this Auto Fan controller circuit, A LM311 Integrated circuit is used as a comparator, the
positive input value for the comparator is the varying of the voltage divider circuit of R1 and the
thermistor, a thermistor is a sensor and a resistor that lower its resistance whenever heat increases, and
the negative input value for the comparator is the adjustable value of the 20k potentiometer, the
potentiometer sets the sensitivity for negative input in the comparator. The LM311 pin 8 is the V CC
source, pin 1 is connected to the Gnd, pin 4 is also connected to the Gnd for reference source supply, pin
5 and 6 are in series, and both are balance function, and pin 7 is the output for the comparator which is
then connected to the 470 ohms resistor and then connected to the base of the PNP BD140 transistor,
the PNP BD140 acts a switch for the relay, if the signal from LM311 is low, the BD140 won’t operate
which is where the relay relies for the GND connection. On the BD140 emitter, a 1N4007 diode is
connected on the positive, paralleled to it is the relay, the relay is SPST closed, and on the output of the
relay is the 12V Fan, the fan will operate when the BD140 operates and when the BD140 operate the
relay will be connected to the Gnd. Also a 3.3k ohms resistor and a LED which indicates the On/Off
operation of the whole circuit.
PCB LAYOUT :