BISC305 Chapter 4 Practice Quiz
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1. Active transport: requires coupling to an energy-releasing 19.
system and depends on integral membrane proteins to move
solutes across a membrane
2. Facilitated diffusion: allows substances to diffuse through a
membrane by binding to a facilitative transporter 20.
3. What allows membranes to be permeable to small ions?: ion
channels
4. The tendency of an electrolyte to diffuse between two 21.
compartments depends on: an electrochemical gradient
5. Why are red blood cell plasma membranes so commonly 22.
studied?: -lack nuclear and cytoplasmic membranes 23.
-they do not need to be dissociated from complex tissues
- 24.
6. Potassium and sodium CANNOT move through the cell
membrane into the cell on their own because: these ions are
charged,= 25.
7. Impulse propagation by a myelinated axon is called
_____________ conduction: rapid fire
8. Where in a myelinated axon are nearly all of the ion
channels concentrated?: nodes of Ranvier 26.
9. How do NA+ ions enter a neuron earn an action potential is
initiated?: a voltage-gated Na+ channel
10. Which part of a neuron conducts impulses away from the
cell body toward the target cells?: axon 27.
11. Where is the neuron cell nucleus located?: cell body
28.
12. The movement of water through a semipermeable
membrane from a region of lower solute concentration to a
region of higher solute concentration is called: osmosis
13. The movement of a substance from an area of high
concentration to an area of lower concentration is called:
29.
diffusion
14. Which proteins move the farthest during SDS-
polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis?: the smallest proteins
30.
15. Why are the proteins being separated on an SDS
polyacrylamide gel attracted equally to the positive
31.
electrode?: they carry a relatively uniform negative charge
distribution
32.
16. What can be used to trap integral proteins and drag them
through the membrane with a known force by using forces
generated by a focused laser beam? this yield information
about the presence of membrane barriers: optical tweezers 33.
17. You have fused a mouse cell and a human cell and then
treated the cell with specific antibodies that are covalently
linked to fluorescent dyes (antibodies to mouse proteins 34.
are green; antibodies to human proteins are red) What does
the cell look like immediately after fusion?: the cell is half
red and half green
18. Enzymes that move certain phospholipids between leaflets
have also which property?: play a role in establishing and
maintaining membrane lipid asymmetry
What is NOT a potential biological role of the lipid
asymmetry of the plasma membrane?: phospatidylserine on
the surface of platelets serves as signal for blood
solubilization
While culturing some cells, you lower the temperature of
the culture. What happens immediately to the membrane
fluidity?: the membrane become less fluid
The temperature at which lipid bilayer shifts from a fluid
state to a crystalline gel is called the: transition temperature
What is NOT a function of peripheral proteins?: receptors
Which technique is often used to identify transmembrane
segments of integral proteins?: hydropathy plot
How many amino acids engaged in predominantly
hydrophobic alpha-helices does it take to cross the
hydrophobic part of the membrane?: about 20 amino acids
What kind of membrane protein is found entirely outside
the bilayer on either the extracellular or cytoplasmic
surface?: lipid anchored protein -they are covalently linked to
a membrane lipid situated within the bilayer
What do people who have the A blood type possess?: an
enzyme that adds an N-acetylgalactosamine to the end of the
oligosaccharide chain on the RBC (red blood cell) membrane
glycolipids
What term describes a molecule that contains both
hydrophilic and hydrophobic portions?: amphipathic
What are the functions of membranes?: -
compartmentalization
-selectively permeable barrier
-mediates intercellular interactions
-helps cells respond to external stimuli
What is the name of a molecule with the structure:
sphingosine + fatty acid + galactose?: galactocerebroside or
glycolipid
Which compound can diffuse across a phospholipid bilayer?:
water
How do cells transport small, lipid-soluble molecules across
the cell membrane?: such molecules diffuse freely
The movement of water molecules down its concentration
gradient and across selectively a permeable membrane is
called: osmosis
What appears to serve as "fences" around portions of the
membrane that restrict the distance an integral protein can
travel?: the membrane's underlying cytoskeleton
What is true about the cholesterol associated with
membranes?: it interferes with the movements of the fatty acid
tails of the phospholipids