MATLAB LECTURES 1 & 2

ARRAYS

Bushra Fatima
NED University of Engineering & Technology
April 09, 2017
 Outline

• Arrays

• One-dimensional arrays: Vectors

• Two-dimensional arrays: Matrices

• Transpose operator

• Array addressing

Textbook: A. Gilat, Matlab: An Introduction with Applications 4th Edition. John Wiley
& Sons, Incorporated, 2017. (Chapter 2: Creating Arrays)
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Arrays
• Arrays: List of numbers arranged in rows and/or columns

• One-dimensional array:
 a row or a column of numbers
 Vectors

• Two-dimensional array:
 Collection of numbers arranged in rows and columns
 Matrices.

• Used to store and manipulate data

• Strings: list of characters arranged in rows and/or

columns
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Arrays
Element: A (1,2)

1 3 5
𝐴=
2 4 6
Order of an array (m, n)
where
m = no. of rows
n = no. of columns METU NCC
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One-dimensional array: Vectors

Position vector:

𝒓𝑨 = 𝟐𝐢 + 𝟒𝐣 + 𝟓𝐤

Where:
i, j and k are unit vectors along Position of a point
x, y and z axes.

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One-dimensional array: Vectors

Row vector:
[2 4 5]
or
Column vector:
2
4
Position of a point

5
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Creating Vectors in MATLAB

• Elements of the vector are assigned to a
variable.

•Elements in the list are enclosed in square

brackets, not parentheses.

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Variables: Naming rules

1. May consist of:
 letters A-Z, a-z
 digits 0-9
 underscore ( _ )

2. Must start with a letter.

3. Variable names are case-sensitive

4. Can be up to 63 characters long

5. Avoid using the built-in functions as the variable

name e.g. cos, sin, sqrt etc. METU NCC
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Creating Row Vectors in MATLAB

Elements in a row
separated by:

• comma
• space

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Creating Column Vectors in MATLAB

Semi-colon (;) Enter

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Creating Vectors: Colon operator (:)

First element: spacing: Last element

Brackets are optional here

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Creating Vectors: Colon operator (:)

First element = 2, Spacing = 1

(by default) , Last element = 7

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Creating Vectors: Colon operator (:)

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Creating Vectors: the linspace function

CAUTION: Functions are CASE-SENSITIVE!
• linspace can be used to initialize a vector of
equally spaced values

• MATLAB determines the correct spacing

• linspace(xi, xf, n)
where
xi  first element
xf  last element
n  number of elements
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Creating Vectors: the linspace function

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Two-dimensional array: Matrices

• Matrices: numbers in rows and columns

• Store information like in a table

• A= [1st row elements; second row

elements; 3rd row elements]

• All the rows must have the same

number of elements
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Writing a matrix in MATLAB

Separating Rows: by a semi-colon

Eg: A= [1 2; 3 4]

1 2
A=
3 4
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Writing a matrix in MATLAB

Separating Rows: by Enter

Eg: A= [1 2
3 4]

1 2
A=
3 4
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Writing a matrix in MATLAB

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Zeros and ones command

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eye command

• Square matrix
• Identity matrix

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Transpose Operator (’)

• The transpose operator switches a row to

a column.

• The transpose operator is applied by

typing a single quote ’ following the
variable to be transposed.

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Transposing Vector (’)

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Transposing Matrices

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Array addressing

1 3 5 Element: A (1,2)
𝐴=
2 4 6

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Array addressing
1 3 5 Change to 8
𝐴=
2 4 6

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Array addressing: using a colon

1 3 5
𝐴=
2 4 6
𝐴(: , 𝑛)  all rows, n th column

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Array addressing: using a colon

1 3 5
𝐴=
2 4 6
𝐴(𝑛, : )  n th row, all columns

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Array addressing: using a colon

1 3 5 7 9
𝐴=
2 4 6 8 10
𝐴(: , 𝑚: 𝑛)  all rows, columns between m and n

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Array addressing: using a colon

𝐴(𝑚: 𝑛, : )  rows between m and n, all columns

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Array addressing: using a colon

𝐴(𝑚: 𝑛, 𝑝: 𝑞)  rows between m and n, all columns
between p and q

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