CVL300
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND IMPACT
ASSESSMENT
Presentation 2
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND GREEN
TECHNOLOGY
Is life a
balancing act?
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U.N.’s Definition of
Sustainable Development
Environment
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James Li
Ryerson University
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• Demonstration projects
• Environmental Plan
BACKGROUND
Recommendations
• Official Plan Policies
• Green Development
Standards
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STORMWATER BENEFITS
• Reduction in storm runoff
• Improvement in quality of
stormwater runoff
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Citywide Benefits
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• Provide pleasant
recreational areas for
residents and employees
Queen’s Quay
Photo: Monica Kuhn
OTHER BENEFITS
• Potential for local food
production
• Refuge for birds and
insects
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Benefit Summary
Category Capital Annual
Stormwater $117 M
CSO $46 M
Beach Open $0.75 M
Air Quality $2.4 M
Direct Energy $21.6 M
UHI $12.3 M
Peak Demand $149 M
CO2 $0.880 M
Reduction
Costs of Greenroofs
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STAKEHOLDER WORKSHOP
Workshop Attendees
City Staff
Other 5%
8% Green Roof
Designers
Building 31%
Owners /
Managers
10%
Supplier /
Builders /
Installers
Developers
21%
25%
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RECOMMENDATIONS
The City as the Leader
RECOMMENDATIONS
Financial Barriers – Installation Costs
• Higher installation
costs are seen as a Conventional versus Green Roof
major barrier Installation Costs
• Financial incentives
300
$269
Costs per square metre
250
have been successful 200
50
$86
municipalities 0
Conventional Roof Extensive Green Roof
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RECOMMENDATIONS
Financial Incentive Programs
Pilot Incentive
Program
• Flat rate per
square metre
Rebate on water bill
• helps to promote
awareness
Green Loans
• Low- and no-
interest loans for
green roof
construction
RECOMMENDATIONS
The Development Approval Process
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RECOMMENDATIONS
Education and Awareness
Building owners or
developers
• Technical booklet on
construction /
maintenance
• Technical workshop
City staff
• Training
• Green roofs resource
person in all appropriate
City divisions.
General public www.toronto.ca/greenroofs
• Brochures and posters
• Website
RECOMMENDATIONS
Education and Awareness
• Add a Green Roof category to the
Green Toronto Awards
• Invite Toronto-based Green Roofs
for Healthy Cities to hold their
2008 international conference in
Toronto.
• Showcasing Green roofs at
Toronto Open Doors
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IMAGINING
IMAGINING A
A GREEN
GREEN TORONTO
TORONTO
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PRESENTATION OUTLINE
• Rockefeller Center in
New York City.
• Designed to be ‘views
capes’ for the
enjoyment of sky
scraper tenants.
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• Low profile or
performance
• Not accessible
• Low weight
• Low capital cost
• Low plant diversity –
contains only one or
two plant species
• Minimal maintenance
requirements
• Commonly designed
for maximum thermal
and hydrological
performance
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• Increased plant
diversity – contains a
variety of plant types
and is designed as a
park like setting
• More maintenance
requirements
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Planning Considerations
• Function(s) (e.g. stormwater vs energy
saving)
• Extensive or intensive types
• Structural loading
• Plants and soil
• Drainage
• Safety and liability
• Capital and O&M Costs
Structural Loading
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2006
2012
2014
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3% Planted
Colonist
Both
38%
59%
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Number of Species
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Planted Species
20
Colonist Species
15
10
5
0
MEC ROM HAZ SPA JAZ RIC NOW RYE
Site
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Wind
induced
vortex
(suction)
at roof
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P P0
CP
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V 2
2
Away from edges Cp ~ -1.2 and if V ~ 50m/s, then P ~ 1800N/m2
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Hong Kong
Housing Society’s
Apartment Complex
1
P Po CPU 2
2
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Plant Selection
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Maintenance – Irrigation
• Manual irrigation
was used in the
beginning.
• Automatic sprinklers
(4,7,14) were used.
• Timer and power
problems.
Plant Growth
• Fall of 2008, sedum did not grow well.
• Winter of 2008, Arachis duranensis started
to turn yellow.
• Sedum lineare and Arachis duranensis
needed new seeding in March, 2009.
• Mushroom weeds were found, consuming
valuable soil nutrients, negatively affecting
the growth of desired species, need weed
removal.
• Decided to fertilize every 2 months.
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Problems of weeds
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