4) 5) 6 n Physics Olympiad Preparatic 2 Program 2018 Screening E 1) Plug. at the bottom of a container The hole atthe bottom of a container is covered hy a eubie plug with side a and density p. In the container there are 2 immiscible liquids of densities py and p, with py > iy as shown in the figure. The interface between the two liquids coincides with line AB. Ifthe liquid level above is at the same height as the upper apex of the cubic plug. what should be the minimum density p, of the upper liquid so that the cubie plug remains in equilibrium? [5 pts} 2) Normal Modes of a Non-Uniform String Between two walls a distance |. apart is a string consisting of two types of materials. The first material has length [3 and a mass per unit length j, = 441. The second material has length 21. 3 and mass per unit length jzg = 1. Determine the frequency of the two lowest normal standing wave modes in this system (Express your answer in terms off ~ the fundamental frequency for a uniform rope With mass per unit length 4 and clamped ends a distance L. apart). Sketch these two modes. [5 pts} Spider and Mosquito on a Glass Sphere A spider and a mosquito are on the surface of @ transparent glass sphere with index of refraction n= V2. In which part of the glass sphere should the mosquito stand so that it can not be seen by the spider. Sketch the position of the ‘mosquito and the spider for clarity. Assume that the size of the mosquito and the spider are both ‘much smaller than the size of the glass sphere. [5 pts] Temperature Dependent Specific Heat Specific heats can depend on temperature. Two bodies, each with mass m and temperature dependent specific heat c(T) = K(1 + aT) are initially at temperatures T, = Tp and T= 27 when they are put into contact. K and a are positive constants. Neglect any’ heat loss by the two-body system. Determine the equilibrium ‘temperature of the system [5 pts} Charged Particle On a Cireular Orbit Around a Grounded Conducting Sphere A positively charged particle with mass m and charge q is orbiting @ grounded conducting sphere of radius R along a circular path, Express the speed of the charged particle in terms of the radius, +. of the circular orbit, the radius ofthe sphere, the charge, and fundamental constants. [10 pts} ‘Sound Propagation in a Non-Uniform Medium The speed of sound in a medium can vary because of density variations, temperature variations, etc. In one hypothetical medium, the path taken by a particular sound ray can be described with the equation y(x) = H[1 — e7*/"] where » and y are the horizontal and vertical axes, respectively, and Hand L. are positive constants. Determine the speed of sound as a function of height. v(y) - express your answer in terms of H, L, y.and vg (the speed of sound at y-0) only. [10 pts} Perturbed Satellite A satellite moves on a circular orbit with radius R and period T. Ifthe satelite is given a supplemental radial or tangential velocity u, its orbit becomes elliptical.