TUGAS PENGGANTI PRAKTIKUM

“PART OF SPEECH”

OLEH:

SITI NUR FAIDAH

G41171330(GOL-B)

JURUSAN KESEHATAN PROGRAM STUDY REKAM MEDIK

POLITEKNIK NEGERI JEMBER 2017/2018
 TYPES OF BIPOLLAR DISORDER

Bipolar disorder, once known as manic depression, was initially thought of as

one disorder. Now, however, we know there are several bipolar disorder types. The
types of bipolar disorder are differentiated by the presence and severity of specific
symptoms, but all include cycling between high mood states (like mania or manic
symptoms) and low mood states (depression).

The following are the mood states found in bipolar disorder:

1. Manic Episode (Mania)

A distinct period during which there is an abnormally and constantly
elevated, expansive or irritable mood, typically endangering the
welfare of the patient or others, lasting at least one week. Mania often
requires hospitalization.
2. Hypomanic Episode (Hypomania)
A milder form of mania that lasts at least four days.
3. Major Depressive Episode (Depression)
A period during which there is either depressed mood (extreme
sadness) or the loss of interest or pleasure in nearly all activities,
lasting for at least two weeks.
4. Mixed Episode
A period during which a person experiences both manic and
depressive symptoms nearly every day for at least one week. This type
of bipolar disorder episode can be the hardest to treat.

Bipolar Disorder Types

Four types of bipolar disorder are listed in the current version of

the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR); even
though bipolar disorder is thought to exist along a continuum rather than in discrete
categories. For the purposes of diagnosis, the types of bipolar disorder are defined by
the patterns and severity of symptoms.

1. Bipolar I disorder (also noted as bipolar 1) is characterized by one or

more manic or mixed episodes and one or more major depressive
episodes. Bipolar I disorder is the most severe form of the illness and
is marked by extreme manic episodes.
2. Bipolar II disorder (also noted as bipolar 2) is characterized by one or
more depressive episodes accompanied by at least one hypomanic
episode. Hypomanic episodes have symptoms similar to manic
episodes but are less severe. They still must be clearly different from a
person's non-depressed mood. For some, hypomanic episodes are not
severe enough to cause notable problems in social activities or work.
However, for others, they can be troublesome.
3. Cyclothymic disorder is characterized by chronic fluctuating moods
involving periods of hypomania and depression; however, the
depression does not rise to the level of a major depressive episode.
Many with cyclothymia are fully-functioning and possibly hyper-
productive if frequent hypomanias occur. Some with cyclothymic
disorder eventually develop a more severe type of bipolar disorder.
4. Bipolar Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (bipolar NOS) is diagnosed
when the bipolar disorder is not characterized exactly by any of the
above types of bipolar disorder. The depressive and manic/hypomanic
experiences of bipolar disorder vary from person to person and the
bipolar NOS diagnosis is used as a catchall for bipolar symptoms
which do not fall specifically into another bipolar disorder type.
Subtypes of Bipolar Disorder

Most people with bipolar disorder cycle a few times (even less than once) per
year and those that cycle four or more times per year are known as rapid-cyclers. It is
thought that 15% of people with bipolar disorder rapid cycle. Cycles lasting days
(ultra-rapid cycling) or even hours (ultradian cycling) are also possible. These
subtypes can be applied to any of the four bipolar disorder types listed above.
 PART OF SPEECH

BASED ON THE ARTICLE

1. Noun (red blocked) :

a. disorder k. person
b. depression l. version
c. types m. Statistical
d. symptoms n. categories
e. mood o. purposes
f. welfare p. diagnosis
g. patient q. catchall
h. hospitalization r. cycle
i. loss s. rapid
j. pleasure
2. Verb (pink blocked)
a. endangering j. fluctuating
b. requires k. involving
c. treat l. frequent
d. exist m. occur.
e. defined n. develop
f. characterized o. used
g. accompanied p. applied
h. activities
i. work.
3. Adjective(green blocked)
a. several e. expansive
b. specific f. irritable
c. distinct g. milder
d. elevated, h. extreme
 i. sadness p. illness
j. depressive q. similar
k. hardest r. less
l. current s. troublesome
m. discrete t. chronic
n. major u. possible
o. marked
4. Adverb (grey blocked)
a. abnormally f. fully-
b. constantly g. possibly
c. typically h. eventually
d. nearly i. exactly
e. clearly j. specifically
5. Conjunction(blue blocked)
a. however e. for
b. but f. or
c. and g. now
d. even though
6. Pronoun (purple blocked)
a. We d. It is
b. This e. These
c. They
7. Preposition (yellow blocked)
a. during d. above
b. along e. with
c. by