DIFFERENT PATTERNS OF CITY PLANNING

The form of the city is influenced by:-

1. Geography
2. Depend on the impact of natural environment.
3. Social, political, economic forces.
4. Period of development.
5. Trade practiced.

LINEAR CITY

The Linear City concept is a Conscious Form of Urban Development with

Housing and industry growing along the highway between existing cities
and contained by the continuous open space of the rural countryside.
Example: Victoria, Hong Kong, the city developed linearly due to the
constraints of river on one side and mountains on the other.

PLANNING PRINCIPLES
 Length of the city based on needs.
 Linearity defined by straight road.
 Width of city based on pedestrian movement.
 Road network grid like and simple.
 City connected through railroads acting as the spine of the city.
 The sectors of a linear city would be:

1. Purely segregated zone for railway lines

2. Zone for communal and production enterprises, with related scientific,
technical and educational institutions.
3. A green belt or buffer zone, including a band of social institutions.
4. A band of residential buildings and a children's band and a park zone.
5. An agricultural zone with gardens and farms.
 As the city expanded, additional sectors would be added _ to the
end of each band, so that the city would become even longer
without growing wider.

ADVANTAGES
  A simple economic form of traffic segregation
 A pattern of movement and location comprehensible to an average
citizen
 Corridor for wind, therefore the residential areas receive the purest
form of air
 The city becomes highly accessible.

DISADVANTAGES
 Very sensitive to blockage, require control of growth
 The choice of connection or of direction of movement are much less

RADIAL LAYOUT

 Geographical possibility of spreading in all directions.

 Inner outer ring roads linked by radiating roads.
 City has a core of defined centre of military, communal or spiritual
power,around which the settlements happen
 Industrial area interspersed within the residential.
 Periphery has green belts.
Example: Amsterdam, Netherlands, The network of canals in concentric
arcs of a circle that forms the basis of the urban layout, along with the
radial waterways and streets.

GRID CITY

 Gridiron plan is a type of city plan in which streets run at right

angles to each other, forming a grid.
  Built with blocks divided by a grid of straight streets, running north-
south and east-west
 Block was subdivided by small lanes.
Example: Philadelphia, USA, Often hailed as the first American city
designed on a grid, Philadelphia boasts a street system that's more
than 300 years old. The city was designed on a rectangular grid in
1682 at the apparent request of its founder, William Penn. Wide streets
would meet each other at right angles, in a design said to safeguard
against the overcrowding, fire, and disease so common to European
cities.

ADVANTAGES OF GRID CITY PLAN

 With the proper block size, the grid is inherently walkable
 The grid gives you an immediate sense of direction
 Land uses change constantly. With rectilinear lots and blocks, old
land uses can move out and new land uses can simply plug in.
 With the grid, the method for expansion is obvious; new
developments know exactly what form to take. Since the block is the
fundamental unit of the grid, new blocks can append to old in a
logical sequence that can theoretically guide development forever.

DISADVANTAGES OF GRID CITY

 Infrastructure cost for regular grid patterns is generally higher than
for patterns with discontinuous streets.
 Street width (ROW) influences the amount of land that is devoted to
streets, which becomes unavailable for development and therefore
represents an opportunity cost.
 Street length influences proportionately the amount of street
components that have to be constructed such as pavement, curbs
and sidewalks, storm sewers.
 Pavement width influences the cost by affecting the amount of
materials and labour required to provide a finished road surface.
Aishwarya Singh
Roll No.35