Disusun Oleh:
Pembimbing:
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DAFTAR ISI
BAB I. PENDAHULUAN
1.1. Latar Belakang Masalah ....................................................... 1
1.2. Rumusan Masalah ................................................................. 3
1.3. Tujuan Penelitian .................................................................. 3
1.4. Manfaat Penelitian ................................................................ 3
3
2.1.3.2.....................................................................................................Parameter
Tambahan................................................................................... 13
2.1.4. Pengolahan Air............................................................................ 13
2.1.5. Peranan Air terhadap Pencemaran Penyakit........................... 14
2.1.5.1. Cara Water Borne........................................................................... 15
2.1.5.2.....................................................................................................Cara Water
Washed....................................................................................... 16
2.1.5.3.....................................................................................................Cara Water Based
.................................................................................................... 16
2.1.5.4.....................................................................................................Cara Mekanisme
Vektor Insekta............................................................................. 16
2.2. Diare................................................................................................. 17
2.2.1. Pengertian...................................................................................... 16
2.2.2. Epidemiologi................................................................................. 17
2.2.3. Etiologi.......................................................................................... 18
2.2.4. Penyebab Diare.............................................................................. 19
2.2.5. Patogenesis ................................................................................... 20
2.2.6. Tanda dan gejala............................................................................ 20
2.2.7. Angka Kejadian Penyakit infeksi Saluran Pencernaan
Bawah di Puskesmas Jenangan Bulan Januari - Juni 2015.............. 21
2.3. Mata Air ............................................................................... 27
2.3.1. Definisi Mata Air........................................................................... 27
2.3.2. Klasifikasi Mata Air...................................................................... 27
2.3.3. Pemanfaatan Sumber Mata Air...................................................... 33
2.3.4. Teknik Pengolahan Air.................................................................. 33
2.3.4.1.....................................................................................................Pengolahan Air
Bertingkat................................................................................... 33
2.3.4.2.....................................................................................................Pengolahan Air
Dengan Penyulingan.................................................................. 35
2.3.4.3.....................................................................................................Pengolahan Air
Suling Yang Mengandung Bakteri E.Coli................................ 37
2.3.4.4.....................................................................................................Membuat Instalasi
Penjernihan Air
Skala Rumah Tangga.................................................................. 38
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2.4. Analisis Mikrobiologi Air ................................................... 39
2.4.1. Total Plate Count........................................................................... 39
2.4.2. Penentuan Nilai Indeks Pencemar Biologis (IPB)........................ 39
2.4.3. Perhitungan Nilai Most Propable Number (MPN) Coli................ 39
BAB III. METODE PENELITIAN
3.1. Desain Penelitian................................................................... 40
3.2. Tempat dan Waktu Penelitian................................................. 40
3.3. Populasi Penelitian................................................................. 40
3.4. Sampling dan Teknik Sampling............................................. 40
3.5. Kriteria Restriksi.................................................................... 40
3.6. Identifikasi Variabel............................................................... 41
3.7. Definisi Operasional.............................................................. 41
3.8. Alat dan Bahan....................................................................... 42
3.9. Cara Kerja.............................................................................. 42
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DAFTAR TABEL
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Tabel 12. Hasil Pemeriksaan Bakteriologis Air Bersih Sumber Mata Air .... 45
DAFTAR GAMBAR
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DAFTAR DIAGRAM
8
Sumber Mata Air............................................................................................. 45
Diagram 11. Prosentase Penyakit Infeksi Saluran Pencernaan Bawah
di Puskesmas Jenangan Januari-Juni 2015...................................................... 48