Matthias Lange‡
energy & meteo systems GmbH
26129 Oldenburg, Germany
We present a stochastic analysis of the power output for a wind turbine based on a Langevin
equation to see how fluctuations in the wind speed will affect the power performance charateristics.
In particular we show by means of a simple model, that the averaged power characteristics
determined by the IEC 61400-12 standard, varies with different turbulent wind fields. Furthermore,
we show that the mean power output is affected by the dynamical reaction of a wind turbine
on wind fluctuations. We propose a method to extract proper power characteristic of the wind
turbine from measured power output data and simultaneously measured wind data. This power
characteristic is independent of the averaging procedure.
1 ∂ 2 L(hui) 2
hL(u)i = L(hui) + σ . (1)
2 ∂hui2
0
Where σ = hu 2 i is the variance of wind velocity
fluctuations. But the distribution of wind fluctuations
presents an anomalous statistic around 10min mean
velocity, see Fig.2. Therefore
0
higher order moments of
the wind fluctuations hu n i with u = hui + u0 are needed
FIG. 1: a) Typical fluctuations of the wind power output in order to predict them more accurately [8, 9].
measurements of a small WTGS of 50Watt, 1sec mean val-
ues. b) Wind power curve of a large WTGS according to the
standard method. hL(u)i ∝ h(hui + u0 )3 i (2)
0
3 3
= hu i + 3huiσ + hu i . (3)
rel. frequency
103
102
101
100
-4 0 4
(u-µ) [m/s] FIG. 3: a) Schematic illustration of relaxation effects on the
instantaneous power output of a WTGS. b) Relaxations on
FIG. 2: The figure shows an example of an anomalous distri- the power curve.
bution of the wind velocity around a 10min mean value.
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
u [m/s]
IV. CONCLUSION
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