@Note Hil lam currently looking for some freelance projects. If you have a project idea in mind please feel free to send me an email or check out my personal website. If you want to get to know about my journey, you can read this article: How | got into programming Docs »4, Map, Filter and Reduce 4. Map, Filter and Reduce ‘These are three functions which facilitate a functional approach to programming. We will discuss them one by one and understand their use cases. 41. Map ‘isp applies a function to all the items in an input list. Here is the blueprint: Blueprint rnap(Function_to_apply, 1ist_of inputs) Most of the times we want to pass all the list elements to a function one-by-one and then collect the output. For instance: tess = (2, 2, 3, 4) 5] ‘squared = {] for iin Lens squared. append(1**2) ap allows us to implement this in a much simpler and nicer way. Here you go: feess = [1 2, 3, 4, 5] seuared = List(mip(lambda x 2, stens)) Most of the times we use lambdas with 2 so I did the same. Instead of a list of inputs we can even have a list of functions!ef multiply 0 rretuen (0) ef aza(x) return (xx) anes = (multiply, ad] for 1 in range(s): value= ist(map(lanbda x: (4), funes)) print(value) # ovtpur: # (6, 8) #0, 2 #14, a #13, 6) #116, 8) 4.2. Filter As the name suggests, #ilter creates a list of elements for which a function returns true. Here is a short and concise example: ronber_2ist - range(-s, 5) ese than-tero'= List(fileer(Lanbds x: x < @, nunber_tst)) print(less-than_zero) H outputs [-5, “3-2, 4) The filter resembles a for loop but itis a builtin function and faster. Note: If map & filter do not appear beautiful to you then you can read about comprehensions. 4.3. Reduce feduce is a really useful function for performing some computation on a list and returning the result. It applies a rolling computation to sequential pairs of values in a list. For example, if you wanted to compute the product of a list of integers. So the normal way you might go about doing this task in python is using a basic for loop: product = 2 Mist = (1, 2, 3, 4] for non in list! product = product * nun # product = 24 Now let's try it with reduce: from functools Amport reduce product’ = reduce( (lambda x, y: x * ys [1s 2 3. 41) # output: 24 -ntps0ok pythontips.comieniatestimap_lterhiml