Research Magazine Lasallista

ISSN: 1794-4449
marodriguez@lasallista.edu.co
Lasallian University Corporation Colombia

Garcés Giraldo, Luis Fernando; Peñuela Mesa, Gustavo Antonio Treatment of wastewater
from a textile industry using solar collector
Lasallista magazine Research, vol. 4, no. 2, 2007, pp. 24-31
University Corporation Lasallista
Antioquia, Colombia

Available at: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=69540204

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 Original article

Treatment of wastewater from a textile industry

using solar collector
Luis Fernando Garcés Giraldo one and Gustavo Antonio Peñuela Mesa two

Waste water treatment of a textile industry Tratamento With Solar collector uma das Águas residuais of textile

using Solar recolhedor

Introduction. Solar decontaminating wastewater with dyes used in the 84. two orange reactive them we percentage decreases color at 604
textile industry, by means of photosensitizers, prevent the water nm bue- obtained.
reaching organ- nicos compounds such as certain dyes; This will allow
water treatment plants capture water treatment easier, and aquatic Keywords: Solar collector. textile wastewater. Sunlight. Titanium
flora and fauna run less danger of extinction. This treatment is a clean dioxide. degradation.

technology because apro- vecha solar energy is clean, non-polluting

photosensitizers are used and no toxic by-products and sludges arise
because organic compounds are mineralized. In addition Abstract Introduction. Solar decontamination of waste waters used in

photosensitizers can be recovered and reused again czar. Objective. Treatingtextile dye With industries, by the use of PhO- tosensibilators, will avoid
wastewater from the textile industry. Materials and methods. Utili- Zó the arrival of organic com- pounds to hydric resources, as it happens

is a solar parabolic trough compound. Based on the results obtained in With some dyes. This will potabilization That Also Allows plants are

the investigation of the degradation of the reactive dye Orange 84, best
selected condi- tions of degradation and mineralization of the
investigation to be applied to an actual waste water from a dyeing
industry tissue point containing that colorant. Results. The best
conditions obtained with the ENSA yos AM3 (77.77%) which was used:
80 mg / L of TiO two,
able to capture waters That are Easier to treat, and to lower the
extinction risk for aquatic plants and an- imals. This treatment is a
clean technology Because it use Solar Energy, Which does not
contaminate, you use photosensibilators and does not polluting not
generate toxic sub products or mud Because organic compounds have
a mineralization process. Besides, photosensibilators can be recovered
and reused.

3 mL H two OR two/ L and Air. The mineralization percentage was 56.29%;
being the largest obtained in s trials with wastewater and was under
these same conditions. Conclusion. Six experiments with three
replicates each were performed. We worked with three batches of
wastewater, CUA- different dyes containing them, although To-
Objective. To treat waste water from textile indus- tries. Material and
methods. A cylindrical parabolic collector was used composed sun.
Based on the results Obtained in the research of degradation of
reactive orange 84 dye, the best conditions cho- sen Were for
degradation and mineralization from research in order to That apply
them to a waste water from a tricots dyeing industry Containing That
colorant. Re- Sults. The best conditions Were Those Obtained With the
AM3 (77.77%) rehearsals, were we used 80 mg / L of TiO two, 3 mL H two OR
two/ L and air. The mineralization percentage was 66, 29%, and This was
the maxi- mum Obtained in the rehearsals with waste water

____________________________
one
Sanitary Engineer. Specialist in Environmental Engineering. Master in Environmental Engineering. GAMA Research Group Director. Dean Faculty of Engineering. Lasallian University
Corporation.
two Chemical. PhD. Environmental Chemistry. Group Director Diagnosis and Control of Pollution. University Professor

Antioquia.

Correspondence: Luis Fernando Garcés Giraldo. e-mail: lugarces@lasallista.edu.co Date Received: 06/02/2007;

Approval Date: 16/11/2007

24 LASALLIAN RESEARCH JOURNAL - Vol 4 No. 2.

and it was under same conditions These. Conclusion. Six experiments
Were made with three replicas for each one. We worked With three
waste water lots, containing different colorants, though there Were re-
turn orange 84 in all of them. We got good percent- ages of Color at
604 nm decrease.
Key words: Solar collector, textile wastewater, sun light, titanium
dioxide, degradation.
Introdução summarize. Águas solar descontaminação re- siduais com
corantes na TEXTILE used for photo-sensitizers Meio, water resources
will prevent cheguem Orgânicos Compostos as é or case corantes
alguns; isto allow plants as potabilização captem easy tratamento mais
waters, wildlife and aquática ea plant run less perigo of extinção. This
tratamento é uma Limpa tech- gia because aproveita to solar energy
não é contaminant, usam-se não photo-sensitizers não subprodutos
pollutants and toxic sludge cos e já originam that I Compostos organics
min-
Introduction
The textile sector is part of a highly complex produc- tion chain
including agricultural production, marketing of natural fibers and
synthetic fibers, textiles, manufacturing and commercialization;
stages of a strongly crawler activity. In Colombia there are two
poles of textile development: Medellin, where Great-des
industries ranks companies belonging to ano- nimas, Bogotá,
DC, where companies are mostly limited partnerships, family
and intensive character in the use of fibers synthetic knit.
Colombian facturera manufacturing industry produces
approximately 750,000 m two You textiles products each year one.
Manufacturing of different products texti- them is conducted
from process as propriate Lim, released, drawing, finishing,
dyeing, among others. Because these processes generates the
textile industry wastewater containing phenols, sulfides,
chromium and dyes. The latter are one of the contaminants is
striking, for color and because some are difficult to de-
gradation 2.3.
LASALLIAN RESEARCH JOURNAL - Vol 4 No. 2.
eralizam. Ademáis photo-sensitizers you po- dem recover and reuse
novamente. Objective. TRA tar águas residuais gives textile industry. Materiais
and methods. Utilizou-se um recolhedor composto Solar parabolic
trough. Based Com us results obtidos na search results in degradação
do corante laran- reativo ja 84, selecionaram-you are melhores
condições of degradação and mineralização of investigação Dita to be
applied to uma actual wastewater uma indústria of tingido of tecidos
Ponto that contivessem as this corante. Results. MEL- Horem-LAS as
condições obtidas com os ensaios AM3 (77.77%) is utilizou onde: 80
mg / L of TiO two, 3 ML H two ou two/ L and Ar. A percentagem of
mineralização foi
56.29%; Sendo Maior obtido ensaios this or we com e foi wastewater
SOB these condições mesmas. Conclusão. Realizaram-six
experiments were com suas three replicates each um. Trabalhou-se
com residuais three batches of águas, you quais con- tinham different
corantes, eles ainda em all, reativo laranja 84. Obtiveram-se boas by-
centagens of diminuição da cor to 604 nm.
Palavras chaves: Solar Recolhedor. textile wastewater. Sunlight.
Titanium dioxide. I degradação.
The textile sector can be considered high environmental im-
pact, according to the classification established by CINSET, it
can be classified as "high environmental significance HANDLE",
It is the most negative impact on liquid effluents one.
Treatment of industrial waste water, can be a complex problem
due to the wide variety of compounds and levels of con-
centration possible. Advances in research ca acer- the effect of
certain pollutants, stricter environmental standards, and
economically cos factors have generated new technologies.
With the use of new treatment systems in some industries have
left practices as storage for a waste and confinement, which
from the point of view of preserving the environment and
protecting human health are not in any way recommended .
The most desirable methods to treat aqueous effluents are
those capable of contaminating waste tes mineralize or
transform them into inno- materials cuos man and nature at a
low cost.
There are several methods used industrially to remove organic
matter from aqueous effluents
25
sos, some of which make use of oxidizing agents for all from the 80. This is the use of solar energy for removing
degradation, others require adsorbents and there are some that contaminating tes in wastewater by using an appropriate
use biological degradation. Treatment systems have different photocatalyst. This system allows advantage of the solar
charac- teristics that determine its suitability in the treatment of energy lle- ga the earth's surface to cause a semi rie chemical
aqueous effluents. Biological degradation may not be feasible reaction (Redox) which result in the removal of organic
in cases where there are persistent biological degradation compounds in the waters of urban, industrial and discharges
compounds, and to those where toxicity concentrations occurs queues agri- and change the oxidation state of heavy metals so
at very low (at levels of subparts per million) Four. that happens to be dissolved into an insoluble form. The
process of solar detoxification by tocatálisis FO- is the use of
the energy of the solar spectrum, such as ultraviolet radiation,
to promote oxidation reaction of very energetic. This reaction
takes place when said ultraviolet semiconductor active catalyst
in the presence of oxygen. In these circumstances, any other
With the use of potassium permanganate is un- Truyen
substance (toxic or not) that is simulta- neously in the same
contaminants, but you are introduced nue- elements, besides a
medium is subjected to an energetic oxidation process 5.
long time is required for degradation. The use of chlorinated ro
causes the formation of organo-chlorinated compounds such
as halomethanes that may be more harmful than the original
compounds. Zimmerman ozonolysis process and consume a
lot of energy. Adsorption with activated car- bon, polymeric
resins and desorption air are economically feasible, how- ever,
in a way not end entirely with the problem of pollution by
passing the contaminant compounds from one phase to
another. The problem of efficient destruction of organic
contaminants has led to the development of so-called
advanced oxidation processes. two

Materials and methods

a solar collector as shown on the picture 1. Based on the

and H two O. Other sometimes produce "more desirable"
compounds than the parent compounds (such as dilute mineral
acids), depending on the type of molecule to treat Four.
results obtained in the investigation of the degradation Rante
placed orange reagent 84 was used, the best degradation
conditions selected and mineralized ization of such research to
be applied a real waste water from a dyeing industry knits
contain this placed

Advanced oxidation processes allow destroy a variety of toxic

Photo 1. Solar collector with test
and hazardous compounds even in low concentrations, which
textile industrial wastewater
are persistent natural degradation. These processes have been
developed over the past decade and have proven effective in
the destruction of many organic pollutants. Of advanced
oxidation processes, two photo-oxidative technological gies are
promising in the treatment of wastewater: heterogeneous
photocatalysis as semiconductors and FO- tosensibilización
with ferric ion or ferrous ion Four.

There is an application of solar energy, which has attracted the

interest of researchers,

26 LASALLIAN RESEARCH JOURNAL - Vol 4 No. 2.

Rante mixed with other according to the selected sample; this Experiments AM4, AM5 and AM. The residual water was
depended on the colorants used in the production process of composed of dyes: Red Hispacrón, Novacon Blue, Yellow
the day the sample was taken. The tests performed are shown Hispasol, Hispasol Red, Red Hispacrón, Hispasol Black, Red
in Table 1. and Orange Reactive Triactive 84

Assays were performed in triplicate and three water samples

were taken for analysis analogous degradation, every four results
hours, the primary simple at zero hours, the second to four
hours and the third at eight hours. In Table 2, the results for the reduction of color and
mineralization of each of the experiments are presented; for in-
Sayo AM6 could not measure the COD because the samples
had turbidity, which was formed after two hours of di- gestion of
Table 1. Tests performed to wastewater
samples for this analysis.
Industrial textile company

concentration H two OR two

Concentration experiment Aeration
From uncle two ( mg / L) ( mL / L)

AM1 40 2.0 Do not

AM2 80 3.0 Do not

Table 2. Summary of results decrease
604 nm Color and mineralization photocatalysis
AM3 80 3.0 Yes
industrial wastewater
AM4 40 2.0 Do not

AM5 80 3.0 Do not

% Mineralization (COD
AM6 80 3.0 Yes Test% decrease
Color mg / L)

AM1 70.17 21.08

AM2 51.71 12.74

Tests were performed with three lots of residual water. The first
AM3 77.77 56.29
batch corresponds to the AM1 and AM3 trials, the second is the
AM4 47.45 27.22
AM4, AM5 and AM6 tests, and the third is the AM2. Each batch
AM5 59.29 28.72
of wastewater samples that belong to different colors,
AM6 43.72 ---
according to the production of textiles used.

Each batch of wastewater samples that corresponds to

In each batch of wastewater it is na- reagent was ranja 84.
Monitoring of the degradation tion of dyes from waste water,
which corresponds to 604 nm absorb. In contrast with the COD
tracking photocatalysis wastewater was the disappearance of
all oxidizable compounds, among which is- So all dyes.
different colorings tes, according to the production indus- used.
In all batches wastewater Reactive Orange 84, which has its
absorption maximum at 510 nm radiation it is had.

However, in trials of photocatalysis wastewater it not made at

AM1 and AM3 experiments. The Nla conte- shows the
following dyes: Turquoise Blue F2B noactive, Amari l what
Hispasol, IZO Roj Hispacrón, Reactive Orange 84, Red and
Yellow Hispasol Hispasol HESX HESX.
510nm, because no decrease in color to the wave length and
this was done at 604 nm, where the decrease is clearly shown
colour; therefore monitor the degradation of dyes from waste
water, which corresponds to absorb at this wavelength.

AM2 experiments. Wastewater containing dyes: Red Riactive In contrast with the COD tracking photocatalysis wastewater
DF-4BL, Royal Blue Reagent ER, Marino Hispacrón ECO, was the disappearance of all oxidizable compounds, among
Reactive Orange 84 and Rubina Novarrón PB. which are all colorants.

LASALLIAN RESEARCH JOURNAL - Vol 4 No. 2. 27

For AM1 (40 mg / L tests TiO two and 2 mL of H two OR two/ L) and
AM3 (80 mg / L of TiO two and 3 mL of H two OR two/ L and air), it is
observed that the percentages of reduction of color are
respectively:
70.17% and 77.77%, being more efficient treat- ment used in
the assay AM3.
As mineralization, measured by the variation of COD,
respective percentages you are 21.08% and 56.29% yield Nor
the highest percentage WELL mineralization in AM3 assay.
There is an agreement in these results as to the extent that
greater color decrease to 604 nm was obtained, higher
percentage of mi- neralización was also obtained. Therefore,
comparing AM1 and AM3 noted the effect of increasing TiO two and
H two OR two.
For AM2 test (80 mg / L of TiO two and 3 mL of H two OR two/ L)
decreased color was obtained
51.71% and 12.74% mineralization. Although it is clear that
wastewater are of different composition to the AM1 and AM3
trials; if the results of decrease of color and reduction in COD of
these two trials with AM2 are compared, the latter must test
was difficult degradation and mineralization, despite having a
greater amount dioxide titanium and hydrogen peroxide AM1
assay and the same quantity of titanium dioxide and hydrogen
peroxide AM3 test with air addition.
It is observed in the AM4 trials (40 mg / L of TiO two and 2 mL of
H two OR two/ L), AM5 (80 mg / L of TiO2 and 3 mL of H two OR two/ L)
and AM6 (80 mg / L of TiO two and 3 mL of H2O2 / L + Air), the
percentages of dis- comminution color are respectively: 47.45%
59.29% and 43.72%, being more efficient treat- ment used in
the test AM5, as for color removal. For mineralization, the
respective percentages are: 27.22% (AM4) and
28.72% (AM5); AM6 the COD test could not be measured,
giving the best percentage of mine- ization the AM5 trial. There
is a concordance in these results because to the extent that
greater decrease in color was obtained higher percentage of
minera- tion was also obtained. For this feature the best
residual water assay was obtained with the experimental
conditions of AM5, which corroborates that the increase in TiO two
and H two OR two fa-
28 LASALLIAN RESEARCH JOURNAL - Vol 4 No. 2.
vorece increasing the percentage of decrease tion of color and
mineralization.
It is interesting to compare the treatments in which equal
amounts of H were used two OR two,
TiO2 and Air (Table 1); it is clear that the composition of the
industrial wastewater is different as has already been explained
above.
Comparing AM1 and AM4 (4.5 and 6), these water samples
have in common tes colorings: yellow Hispasol HESX,
Hispacron Red, Red Hispasol HESX and Reactive Orange 84.
(Photos 2 and 3)
The AM1 sample also contains the tes colorings: Blue
turquoise and blue noactive F2B; the notch tra AM4 also
contains dyes: Novacon blue, black and red TriActive hispasol
DF-4BL. The percentages of degradation will respectively were
70.17 and 47.45%, with the same treat- ment (40 mg / L TiO two and
2 mL / LH two OR two). Mineralization rates were: 21.08 and
27.22% respectively. Between the two tests there was a
decrease of 22.72% color, this may be because the sample
contained AM4 darker dyes and therefore difficult to lower
color. (Photos 7 and 8)
Comparing the trials to industrial wastewater AM2 (Photos 9
and 10) and AM5 (Photos 11, 12 and 13), these water samples
have in co bad dyes: Red Triactive DF-4BL and Na- ranja
Reagent 84. AM1 shows in addition to the above dyes,
containing: Royal Blue Reagent ER, Marino Hispacrón ECO,
Rubina Novarrón PB; the AM5 sample also contains dyes: Red
Hispacrón, Novacon Blue, Yellow Hispasol, Hispasol HESX
Red, Red and Black Hispasol Hispacron. The degradation
percentages were respectively 51.71 and 59.29%, with the
same treatment (80 mg / L TiO two and 30 mL / LH two OR two).
Mineralization rates were 12.74 and 28.72% respectively.
ENSA yos between the two there was a decrease of 7.58% of
the color with respect to the AM5 AM2, which is not so signifi-
nificativo, this may be due to the AM5 sample was darker and
therefore there was less decline color.
 Photo 2. Decreased water color Photo 3. Decreased water color
industrial waste assay AM1R1 industrial waste assay AM1R2

Photo 4. Decreased water color 5. Decreased color picture for water

residual test AM4R1 residual test AM4R2

Picture 6. Reduced color water Photo 7. Dyes used for AM4, AM5 and AM6
residual test AM4R3 trials

Photo 8. Wastewater black. Mix of Photo 9. Reduced water color

colors: Black and Red Triactive Hispasol Industrial residual test AM2R1

LASALLIAN RESEARCH JOURNAL - Vol 4 No. 2. 29

 Picture 10. Reduced water color 11. Decreased color picture for water
industrial waste assay AM2R2 residual test AM5R1

12. Decreased color picture for water 13. Decrease color photo for water
residual test AM5R2 residual test AM5R3

14. Decrease color photo for water 15. Decrease color photo for water
Industrial residual test AM3R2 Industrial residual test AM3R3

16. Decrease color photo for water 17. Decrease color photo for water
residual test AM6R1 residual test AM6R2

30 LASALLIAN RESEARCH JOURNAL - Vol 4 No. 2.

Comparing the trials AM3 (Photos 14 and 15) and AM6 (Photos conclusions
16 and 17), these water samples have in common dyes: Yellow
Hispasol HESX, Hispacrón Red, Red Hispasol Hesx and Photocatalysis with titanium dioxide and hydrogen peroxide as
Reactive Orange 84. The sample also contains AM3 dyes: Blue oxidizing agent using solar collector, is a highly attrac- process
Turquoise and Blue F2B Noactive; AM6 containing the sample
vo for the treatment of wastewater from textile industry, even
further dyes: Novacon Blue, Black and Red Triactive Hispasol
when samples were used containing different dyes mixed that
DF-4BL. De- gradation percentages were respectively: 77.77
they had I could make it difficult treatment.
and

43.72%, with the same treatment (80 mg / L TiO two,

30 mL / LH two OR two and air). Mineralization rates were: 56.29
and the trial was not possible AM6 reading. Between the two
tests there was a decrease of 34.05% color, this may be
References
because the sample contained AM6 darker dyes (Photos 7 and
8) and hinder color decrease. 1. COLOMBIA. TECHNICAL ADMINISTRATIVE DEPARTMENT OF
THE ENVIRONMENT, DAMA. Textiles: Action plans for
environmental improvement. BOGOTA: DAMA, 1990. 74 p.

2. GARCES GIRALDO, Luis Fernando. TiO2 photocatalysis of

Discussion methylene blue dyes and reactive orange 84 using solar collector.
Medellin, August 2003; 208 h. Master's Thesis. University of
In this study an industrial water resi- dual colored are found Antioquia. Faculty of Engineering.
suitable two percentages of color decrease to 604 nm was
investigated, the best conditions being obtained with the
3. GARCES GIRALDO, Luis Fernando and PEÑUELA Mesa, Gustavo
assays AM3 (77.77%) which was used: 80 mg / L of TiO two , 3 mL
Antonio. Kinetics of degradation and mineralization of reactive
H two OR two/ L and air. The per- centage of mineralization was
dye Orange 84 in water. In: Journal Lasal l ista Research. Vol 2,
56.29%; being the maximum obtained in the tests with the
No. 2 (July 2005.).; p. 21-25.
residual water and was under these same conditions.

4. Quezada, Maribel and BUITRON, Germán. aerobic biodegradation

azo dye (Acid Red 151). Mexico: AIDIS. Consolidation for

It should be noted that this same assay was by Rhea-lizado by development, 1996. p.1-4.

Garcés and Peñuela (2005) two for degradation Reactive Orange

84, giving a per- centage of 81.85% degradation and 5. HOLES V., Olga E. and ALVAREZ, E. Proposal for the prevention
mineralization of 52.77%; It is very similar the results of both and reduction of pollutants in a wastewater plant dyed threads
investigations. and yarns. Medellin: SENA, 1999.

LASALLIAN RESEARCH JOURNAL - Vol 4 No. 2. 31