MATHEMATICS(Science) Unit # 3 VARIATIONS Page no.

56
Class 10th EXERCISE 3.2

1. If
varies directely as , and
=  when  = , find

(i).
in terms of 

Solution:

Given that  varies directly as,

Therefore  ∝ 
. .  =  _______ (i), where is constant of variation

Putting  = 8 &  = 2 in eq.

8 = 2

8
=
2
=4

Putting in eq (i) = 4

 = 4

(ii).
when  = 

Solution:

 ∝ 
. .  =  ______ (i), where is constant of variation

Put  = 5, = 4 in eq(i)

 = 45

 = 20

(iii).  when
= 

Solution:

 ∝ 
. .  =  ________(i), where is constant of variation

Put  = 28, = 4

28 = 4

28
=
4

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MATHEMATICS(Science) Unit # 3 VARIATIONS Page no. 56
Class 10th EXERCISE 3.2

=7

2. If
∝ , and
=  when  =  find

(i).
in terms of 

Solution:

Given that  varies directly as 

 ∝ 
. .  =  ________(i), where is constant of variation

Putting  = 7   = 3 in eq(i)

7 =  3

7
=
3

Putting = in eq(i)

7
= 
3
(ii).  when
=  and
when  = !

Solution:

 When
= 

Given that  varies directly as 

 ∝ 
. .  =  ________(i), where is constant of variation

Putting  = 35 & = in eq(i)

7
35 = " # 
3
353
=
7
 = 15

When  = !

 ∝ 
. .  =  ________(i), where is constant of variation

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MATHEMATICS(Science) Unit # 3 VARIATIONS Page no. 56
Class 10th EXERCISE 3.2


Putting  = 18 & =

7
 = " # 18
3
 = 42

3. If % ∝ & and % =  when & = , find the equation connecting % and&. Also find % when
& = '( & & )*+, % = -.

Solution:

Given that . varies directly as /

. ∝ /
. . . = / ________(i), where is constant of variation

Putting . = 5 & / = 8 in eq(i)

5 =  8

5
=
8
% )*+, & = '(
1
Putting / = 64 & = 2 in eq(i)

5
. = " # 64
8

. = 40

& )*+, % = -.

1
Putting . = 20 & = in eq(i)
2
5
20 = " # /
8
208
/=
5
/ = 32

4. % ∝ & 3,4 % =  )*+, & = , 56,4 % )*+, & = '.

Solution:

Given that . 78

9 
8:;< 9 / =

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MATHEMATICS(Science) Unit # 3 VARIATIONS Page no. 56
Class 10th EXERCISE 3.2

Therefore, . ∝ / =
.  . = / = ________(i), where is constant of variation

Putting . = 8 & / = 3 in eq(i)

8 =  3

8
=
3
% )*+, & = '
2
Putting = in eq(i)

8
. =  / =
3
% )*+, & = '
2
Putting / = 6 & = in eq(i)

8
. =  6=
3
8
. = " # 36
3

. = 32

5. If > ∝ % and > =  when % =  find R when> = '.

Solution:

Given that ? 78

9 
8:;< 9 .

Therefore, ? ∝ .

. . ? = . ________(i), where is constant of variation

Putting ? = 5 & . = 3 in eq(i)

5 =  3

5 = 27

5
=
27

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MATHEMATICS(Science) Unit # 3 VARIATIONS Page no. 56
Class 10th EXERCISE 3.2

R when> = '
1
Putting ? = 625 & =
=
in eq(i)

5
625 =  .
27
62527
. =
5
. = 12527

. = 5 3

Taking cube root on both sides,

@. = A@5 3
A

. = 53

. = 15

6. B5 ) C3D6+E 46D+FGH
3E I 3,4 ) = ! )*+, I = , 56,4 ) )*+, I = .

Solution:

Given that J 78

9 
8:;< 9 K

Therefore, J ∝ K

i.e. J = K ________(i), where is constant of variation

Putting J = 8 & K = 3 in eq(i)

81 =  3

81 = 27

81
=
27
=3

) )*+, I = 

Putting K = 5 & = 3 in eq(i)

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MATHEMATICS(Science) Unit # 3 VARIATIONS Page no. 56
Class 10th EXERCISE 3.2

J = 35

J = 3125

J = 375

7. B5
C3D6+E 6,C+DEH
3E  3,4
=  )*+,  = , 56,4
)*+,  = !'.

Solution:

Given that  78

9
789< 9 
L
Therefore,  ∝ M

. .  = M ________(i), where is constant of variation

Putting  = 7 &  = 2 in eq(i)

7=
2
= 72

= 14

)*+,  = !'

Putting  = 126 & = 14 in eq(i)

14
=
126
1
=
9
!
8. B5
∝  &
= ( )*+,  = , 56,4  )*+,
= (.

Solution:
L
Given that  ∝ M

N
Therefore,  = M ________(i), where is constant of variation

Putting  = 4 &  = 3 in eq(i)

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MATHEMATICS(Science) Unit # 3 VARIATIONS Page no. 56
Class 10th EXERCISE 3.2

4=
3
43 =

= 12

 )*+,
= (

Putting  = 24 & = 12 in eq(i)

12
24 =

12
=
24
1
=
2
! !
9. B5 ) ∝ P & ) =  )*+, P = , 56,4 ) )*+, P = (
.

Solution:
L
Given that J ∝ Q

N
Therefore, J = Q
________(i), where is constant of variation

Putting J = 5 & R = 7 in eq(i)

5=
7
57 =

= 35

!
) )*+, P =
(
L1
Putting R = S
& = 35 in eq(i)

35
J= 
175
4

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MATHEMATICS(Science) Unit # 3 VARIATIONS Page no. 56
Class 10th EXERCISE 3.2

354
J=
175
4
J=
5
!
10. T ∝ D & T =  )*+, D = , 56,4 D )*+, T = .

Solution:
L
Given that U ∝
V W

N
Therefore, U = where is constant of variation
V W
________(i),

Putting U = 2 & 8 = 3 in eq(i)

2=
3=

2=
9
29 =

= 18

D )*+, T = 

Putting U = 72 & = 18 in eq(i)

18
72 =
8 =
18
8= =
72
1
8= =
4
1
8 = =  =
2
Taking square root on both sides

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MATHEMATICS(Science) Unit # 3 VARIATIONS Page no. 56
Class 10th EXERCISE 3.2

1
@8 = = X =
2

1
8=±
2
!
3∝ & 3 =  )*+, Z = (, 56,4 3 )*+, Z = .
Z
11.

Solution:
L
Given that  ∝ [W

N
Therefore,  = [W ________(i), where is constant of variation

Putting  = 3 & \ = 4 in eq(i)

3=
4=

3=
16
316 =

= 48

3 )*+, Z = 

Putting \ = 8 & = 48

48
=
8=

48
=
64
3
=
4
!
12. > ∝ D 3,4 > =  )*+, D = , 56,4 > )*+, D = ' 3,4 D )*+, > = -.

Solution:
L
Given that ? ∝ V A

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MATHEMATICS(Science) Unit # 3 VARIATIONS Page no. 56
Class 10th EXERCISE 3.2

N
Therefore, ? = V A ________(i), where is constant of variation

Putting ? = 5 & 8 = 3 in eq(i)

5=
3

5=
27
527 =

= 135

> )*+, D = '

Putting 8 = 6 & = 135 in eq(i)

135
?=
6

135
?=
216
5
?=
8
D )*+, > = -

Putting ? = 320 & = 135 in eq(i)

135
320 =
8
135
8 =
320
27
8 =
64
Taking cube root on both sides

A 27
@8 = X
A

64

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MATHEMATICS(Science) Unit # 3 VARIATIONS Page no. 56
Class 10th EXERCISE 3.2

3
8=
4
!
13. ] ∝ 3,4 ] =  )*+, , = (, 56,4 ] )*+, , = ' 3,4 , )*+, ] = (.
,

Solution:
L
Given that ^ ∝
_A

N
Therefore, ^ = _A ________(i), where is constant of variation

Putting ^ = 2 &  = 4 in eq(i)

2=
4

2=
64
264 =

= 128

] )*+, , = '

Putting  = 6 & = 128 in eq(i)

128
^=
6

128
^=
216
16
^=
27
, )*+, ] = (

Putting ^ = 432 & = 128 in eq(i)

128
432 =

128
 =
432

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MATHEMATICS(Science) Unit # 3 VARIATIONS Page no. 56
Class 10th EXERCISE 3.2

64
 =
216
4
 = 
6
Taking cube root on both sides

4
@ = X 
A
A

4
=
6
2
=
3

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