DAFTAR ISI

Halaman
Kata Pengantar ................................................................................................... i
Daftar Isi ......................................................................................................... iii
Daftar Tabel ......................................................................................................ix
Daftar Gambar ...................................................................................................x
Daftar Lampiran ..............................................................................................xiii
BAB I PENDAHULUAN
1.1 Latar Belakang ...................................................................................1
1.2 Perumusan Masalah.....................................................................................1
1.3 Pembatasan Masalah ...........................................................................2
1.4 Tujuan Penulisan ...............................................................................2
1.5 Metode Penulisan ...............................................................................2
1.6 Sistematika Penulisan .........................................................................3
BAB II LANDASAN TEORI
2.1 Klasifikasi Material ...........................................................................5
2.1.1 Bahan Logam ...........................................................................5
2.1.2 Bahan Non Logam ....................................................................7
2.1.3 Komposit ............................................................................... 13
2.2 Karakteristik Bahan Logam .............................................................. 13
2.2.1 Sifat Mekanis.......................................................................... 13
2.2.2 Sifat Fisik .............................................................................. 15
2.2.3 Sifat Pengerjaan Atau Teknologis ............................................ 19
2.2.4 Sifat Kimia ....................................................................................
2.3 Diagram Fasa ................................................................................. 20

2.4 Pengujian Material .................................................................................47

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 2.4.1 Uji Impact Charpy ................................................................... 47
2.4.1.1 Mesin Uji Impact Charpy .................................................... 48
2.4.1.2 Dasar Pengujian.................................................................. 49
2.4.1.3 Pengujian Charpy dan Izod....................................................... 49
2.4.1.4 Prinsip Dasar Mesin Uji Impact Charpy................................... 49
2.4.1.5 Spesifikasi dan Bagian Utama Alat Uji Impact Charpy........... 49
2.4.1.6 Langkah-Langkah Uji Impact Charpy...................................... 49
2.4.2 Uji Lendutan Batang ............................................................... 53
2.4.2.1 Prinsip Kerja Alat Uji Lendutan Batang ............................... 54
2.4.2.2 Prosedur Percobaan Lendutan Batang dan Rangka ................. 55

2.5 MESIN FRAIS .............................................................................. 58

2.5.1 Prinsip Kerja ...................................................................... 58
2.5.2. Bagian-bagian Frais dan Kegunaanya .................................. 61
2.5.3. Macam-macam Pisau Frais ................................................. 62
2.5.4. Kepala Pembagi ................................................................. 63
2.5.5. Cara Kerja Kepala Pembagi ................................................ 64
2.5.6. Melepaskan Piring Pembagi ................................................ 66
2.5.7. Memasang Benda Kerja Pada Kepala Pembagi ...................... 66
2.5.8. Memasang Benda Kerja Pada Penjepit Universal Dengan Tiga
Cekam ............................................................................. 67
2.5.9. Cara Menghitung Roda Gigi ................................................ 67
2.6 GALVANIS ..................................................................................... 69
2.7 LAS LISTRIK ................................................................................ 71
2.7.1 Prinsip-Prinsip Las Listrik ................................................... 71
2.7.1.1 Las Listrik Dengan Elektroda Karbon ...................... 72
2.7.1.2 Las Listrik Dengan Elektroda Berselaput ( SMAW ) 72
2.7.1.3 Las Listrik MIG .................................................... 73

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 2.7.1.4 Las Listrik Submerged ........................................... 73
2.7.2 Arus Listrik ........................................................................ 74
2.7.2.1 Arus Searah (DC) ................................................. 74
2.7.2.2 Arus Bolak-Balik (AC) ......................................... 74
2.7.3 Pengkutuban Elektroda ........................................................ 74
2.7.3.1 Pengkutuban Langsung .......................................... 74
2.7.3.2 Pengkutuban Terbalik ............................................ 74
2.7.3.3 Pangaruh Pengkutuban Pada Hasil Las..................... 75
2.7.4 Pesawat Las........................................................................ 75
2.7.4.1 Pesawat Las Arus Bolak-Balik (AC) ....................... 75
2.7.4.2 Pesawat Las Arus Searah (DC) .............................. 76
2.7.4.3 Pesawat Las AC-DC. ............................................ 76
2.7.5 Alat-Alat Bantu Las ............................................................ 76
2.7.5.1 Kabel Las ............................................................. 76
2.7.5.2 Pemegang Elektroda .............................................. 77
2.7.5.3 Palu Las................................................................ 77
2.7.5.4 Klem Massa .......................................................... 78
2.7.5.5 Tang (penjepit) ..................................................... 78
2.7.6 Perlengkapan Keselamatan Kerja .......................................... 79
2.7.6.1 Helm Las .............................................................. 79
2.7.6.2 Sarung Tangan ...................................................... 79
2.7.6.3 Balu Las/Apron ..................................................... 80
2.7.6.4 Sepatu Las ............................................................ 80
2.7.6.5 Kamar Las ............................................................ 80
2.7.6.6 Masker Las ........................................................... 80
2.7.7 Elektroda (Filler Atau Bahan Isi) ......................................... 80
2.7.7.1 Elektroda Berselaput .............................................. 80
2.7.7.2 Klasifikasi Elektroda .............................................. 81
2.7.7.3 Elektroda Baja Lunak............................................. 82

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 2.7.7.4 E 6010 dan E 6011................................................. 82
2.7.7.5 E 6012 dan E 6013................................................. 82
2.7.7.6 E 6020 .................................................................. 82
2.7.7.7 Elektroda dengan Selaput Serbuk Besi ..................... 83
2.7.7.8 Elektroda Hydrogen Rendah ................................... 83
2.7.8 Kondisi Pengelasan ............................................................. 83
2.7.8.1 Elektroda Untuk Besi Tuang ................................... 83
2.7.8.2 Elektroda Untuk Aluminium ................................... 84
2.7.8.3 Elektroda Untuk Palapis Keras ................................ 84
2.7.8.4 Elektroda Tahan Kikisan ........................................ 85
2.7.8.5 Elektroda Tahan Pukulan........................................ 85
2.7.8.6 Elektroda Tahan Keausan ....................................... 85
2.7.9 Memilih Besarnya Arus Listrik............................................. 85
2.7.9.1 Cara-cara Menyalakan Busur ................................... 85
2.7.9.2 Pengaruh panjang busur pada hasil las. Panjang busur
(L) Yang normal adalah kurang lebih sama dengan
diameter (D) kawat inti elektroda ............................ 86
2.7.9.3 Pengaruh Besar Arus ............................................... 87
2.7.9.4 Gerakan Elektroda .................................................. 87
2.7.9.5 Pengaruh Kecepatan Elektroda Pada Hasil Las ........... 88
2.7.9.6 Las Catat (Las Ikat) ................................................ 88
2.8 MESIN BOR......................................................................... 89
2.8.1 Definisi Dan Fungsi Mesin Bor ................................... 89
2.8.2 Jenis-Jenis Mesin Bor ................................................89
2.8.3 Bagian-bagian Mesin Bor ........................................... 92

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 2.8.4 Pemegang dan Penjepit Benda Kerja ............................ 94
2.8.5 Jenis-Jenis Mata Bor .................................................. 95
2.8.6 Mata Pemotong ......................................................... 95
2.8.7 Kecepatan Potong Pengeboran .................................... 96
2.8.8 Pemakanan Pengeboran .............................................. 98
BAB III PROSES KERJA
3.1 PROSES KERJA PRAKTIKUM ............................................. 94
3.1.1 Proses Pemotongan Benda ......................................... 94
3.1.2 Proses Gerinda .......................................................... 95
3.1.3 Proses Pengelasan ...................................................... 96
3.1.4 Elektroda ................................................................. 98
3.1.5 Proses Penghalusan ................................................... 99
3.1.6 Proses Potongan Benda 2 ........................................... 99
3.1.7 Proses Bending Pelat................................................ 100
3.1.8 Proses Pengeboran ................................................... 101
3.2 PROSES KERJA PRODUK ................................................. 102
3.2.1 Benda Kerja ............................................................ 102
3.2.2 Proses Bending........................................................ 103
3.2.3 Proses Pemotongan ................................................. 103
3.2.4 Proses Pengelasan ................................................... 104
3.2.5 Elektroda (E 6010) .................................................. 105
3.2.6 Gerinda Tangan ....................................................... 106
3.2.7 Proses Akhir(Finishing) ............................................... 107
BAB IV PENUTUP
4.1 Kesimpulan ................................................................................. 108
4.2 Saran ............................................................................................ 109
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
LAMPIRAN

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