MATERNAL AND CHILD CARE /RESPONSIBLE PARENTHOOD

General Objective: After 30mins. Of varied teaching methodologies the

students will be able to gain basic knowledge about
Family Health programs in the Philippines.

Specific Objective Content Time Allotment Methodology Resources/Materials Evaluation

Enumerate and give the a. Antenatal Registration -Reporting -manila paper Choose the best answer
purpose of the packages *This is one way to guide her in pregnancy care to make -marker of the following
and services available to her prepare for child birth. -time questions. Encircle the
every woman before and letter of your answer.
after pregnancy. 1st visit- As early in pregnancy as possible before four
months or during the 1st trimester. 1. This is the only way
2ndvisit- During the 2nd Trimester to guide every woman
3rdvisit- During the 3rd Trimester in their pregnancy care
Every 2 weeks- After the 8th month of pregnancy till to make them prepare
delivery. for childbirth.
a.
b. Tetanus Toxoid Immunization b. antenatal registration
*To protect baby and mother from deadly diseases. c. family planning
program
C. Micronutrient Supplementation d.
*Is a vital for pregnancy. Necessary to prevent anemia,
vitamin A Defieciency and other nutritional disorders. 2. These are essential
Vit A- 2 times a week starting at the 4th week of service packages that
pregnancy every women has to
Iron-60/400mg ug tablet, Daily receive after pregnancy
and or delivery of baby
D. Treatment of diseases and other conditions except :
*Treatment of conditions that may endanger the heath and a. treatment of disease
give complication to the pregnancy of mother. and other conditions
b. antenatal registration
E. Clean and staff delivery. c. clean and safe
*The presence of a skilled birth attendance will ensure delivery
hygiene during labor and delivery. d. dental health
Some necessary steps to follow during labor, childbirth
and immediate post partum includes the ff : 3. This is to protect
1. Do a quick check upon admission for emergency signs. babies and mothers
2.Make the woman comfortable from deadly diseases.
3. Assess the woman during labor. a. tetanus toxoid
4. Determine the stage of labor. immunization
5. Decide if the woman can safely deliver. b. vitamins
6. Give supportive care throughout labor. c. prenatal visits
7. Monitor and manage labor. d. sterilization
8. Monitor closely within one hour after delivery and give
supportive care. 4.All are family
9. Continue care after one hour postpartum. Keep watch planning methods
closely for atleast 2 hours. except :
10. Educate and counsel on FP and provide FP to method a. male sterilization
if available and decision was made by a woman. b. injectables
11. Inform, teach and counsel woman on important MCH c. counseling
messages. d. two day method
*Birth Registration
*Importance of BF 5. It reduces the risk of
*Newborn screening for babies delivered in RHU or at ovarian and breast
home within 48 hours up to 2 weeks after birth. cancers and
*Schedule when to return for consultation for post partum osteoporosis. This is a
visits. benefit for the
a. infants
F. Support to Breast feeding. b. household
*Teach the importance of breastfeeding. c. mother
d. community
G. Family Planning Counseling.
*Teach couples the importance of FP and inform the right 6. These are several
choice of FP. misconceptions about
Family Planning
Methods
The Family Planning *Is to provide universal access to family planning a. some family planning
Program information and services, whenever and wherever these methods causes
are needed. abortion
b. using contraceptives
The Goal of FPP *Reduce infant deaths will render couples
*Neonatal Deaths sterile
*under-five deaths c. a and b are correct
*Maternal deaths d. none of the above

Enumerate objectives of *addresses the need to help couples and individuals 7. What is the goal of
FPP achieve their desired family size within the context of the National Plan of
responsible parenthood and improve their reproductive Action?
heath to attain sustainable development. a. Reduce child
*ensure that quality FP services are available in DOH mortality Rate by 2/3
retained hospitals, LGU managed health facilities, NGO’s by 2015
and private sector b. Reduce child
mortality Rate by 2/3
Give the different *Focus service delivery to the urban and rural poor by 2010
strategies adopted to *Reestablish the FP outreach program. c. Reduce child
achieve goal and *Strengthen FP provision in regions with high unmet morbidity by 2/3 by
objectives such as: needs. 2010
*Promote frontile participation of hospitals.. d. Reduce child
*Mainstream modern natural family planning. morbidity Rate by 2/3
*Promote and implement CSR strategy. by 2015

Give the different Family 1.Female Sterilization 8.Micronutrient

planning methods define -Provides permanent contraception for woman. Cutting or supplementation is
each and give 2-3 blocking the two fallopian tubes. necessary to prevent:
advantages and Advantages: a. anemia
disadvantages. a. Permanent method of contraception b. vitamin A deficiency
b. does not interfere with sex. c. other nutritional
c. No effect on breastfeeding. disorders
Disadvantages: d. all of the above
A. Complications of surgery: infection or bleeding at the
incision site. 9. These are people
B. Requires an operating setup who usually experience
C. Permanent- reversal surgery is difficult. misconceptions in
family planning
2.Male sterilization methods except:
-Method in which the vas deferens is tied or cut. Also a. persons who lack
know as vasectomy. knowledge
Advantages: b. persons who lack
A, very effective 3months after procedure. proper training
B. can be performed in a clinic, easy to perform. c. people who
C. No apparent long time health risk inexperienced
Disadvantages: d. people who are
A, it may be uncomfortable due to slight pain. updated on the use of
B, Reversibility is difficult and expensive family planning
C, Bleeding may result due to hematoma in scrotum. methods

3.Pill: 10. It is a new method

-contains hormones –estrogen and progesterone taken of natural planning in
daily to prevent contraception which all users with
Advantages: menstrual cycles
A, Safe and proven between 26 and 32 days
B, Makes menstrual cycle occur regularly and predictable. are counseled to abstain
C. Reversible, rapid return to fertility from sexual intercourse
Disadvantages: on days 8-19 to avoid
A, often not used correctly, towering its effectiveness. pregnancy.
B, May pose heath risk for some women a. Standard days
C, Can suppress lactation method
b. two day method
4.Male Condom c. Sympto-thermal
-Thin sheath of latex rubber made to fit on a man’s erect method
penis to prevent the passage of sperm. d. none of the above
Advantages:
A, Safe and has no hormonal effect. 11.All are family
B, Protects against microorganisms causing STI’s/HIV planning method but
Disadvantages: which one blocks the
-May cause allergy to people who are sensitive to latex or process of sperm.
lubricant. a. Male Sterilization
-Decrease sensation b. LAM
c. Basal Body
5.Injectables Temperature.
-Contains hormone that thickens cervical hormone that d.Micronutrient
makes sperm have a difficulty to pass. Supplementation.
Advantages:
-Reversible 12.All are advantages
-No need for daily intake of Injectables except:
Disadvantage: a. Reversible
b. Private since it is not
6.LAM coitally dependent
c. It does affect breast
7.Mucus/Billings/Ovulation milk.
-Abstaining from sexual intercourse during fertile days to d. Has beneficial
prevent pregnancy. noncontraceptive
How is it used: effects.
-Recording of menstruation
-Inspecting underwear for mucus 13.Two way method is:
-Recording the most fertile observation/characteristics at a.cervical secretions as
the end of the day. an indicator of fertility.
b. women not checking
8.Basal Body Temperature the presence of
-Checking rise of temperature during and after ovulation secretions everyday.
Advantages: c.both A & B is correct.
A, Very effective d.both A & B is
Disadvantage incorrect.
A, requires to take temp every day and record it. Hustle
14.All are child health
9.Sympto-thermal method: programs except:
-STH method is identifying the fertile and infertile days of a. Newborn screening
the menstrual cycle as determined through a combination b. Physical
 of observations made on the cervical mucus, bbt and other Examination
signs of ovulation c. child health injuries.
d. Expanded program
10.Two Day Method. on immunization.
-Is a simple fertility awareness based method of FP that
involves. 15. Complementary
A, cervical secretions as an indicator of fertility foods should be except:
B, women checking the presence of secretions everyday. a.Timely
b. Adequate
11.Standard days method. c. Precise
-A new method of natural family planning in which all d. Properly Fed.
users with menstrual cycles between 26-32 days are
counseled to abstain form sexual intercourse on days 8-19 16. What should be
to avoid pregnancy encourage when
Advantages. feeding a child which is
A,No health related side effects ill:
B, No need for counting chart. a.Feed small amounts
C, Increases self awareness and knowledge of human frequently
reproduction. b.both A & D
Disadvantages: c.A only
Cannot be used by women who usually have menstrual d. both A & C are
cycle between 26 and 32 days long. correct.

State several 1. Some Family Planning method causes abortion. 17.LAM means:
misconceptions about -This is not true. Abortion is termination of pregnancy, a. lactation
Family Planning Methods while, Family Planning prevents pregnancy through the Amennorhea method.
with corresponding proof. use of contraceptives, and abstinence during fertile b. lactation
periods, blocking of tubes, all of which prevent the Ammenorrhea method.
meeting of egg and sperm. c. lactation Amenorrhea
2. Using contraceptives will render couples sterile. method.
-When couples use temporary methods such as fertility d. Lactation
awareness based methods and contraceptives such as pills, Ammenorhea method.
IUD, injectables and condoms which are used for birth
spacing, when pregnancy is desired, a couple can stop 18:What year is the
 using the contraceptive method and they can have children breastfeeding act.
again. a. 1990
3. Using contraceptives method will result to loss of b. 1991
sexual desire. c. 1992
- Sex drive or sexual desire varies from person to person. d. 1993
In general, use of contraceptives does not affect an
individual’s sexual desire. 19:TT3 is given to
women:
Enumerate the roles of a 1. Provide counseling among the clients will help increase a. at least 4 weeks
Public Health Nurse on FP acceptors and avoid defaulters later
Family Planning Program 2. Provide packages of health services among b. at least 6weeks
reproductive age group in all health facilities later
-family planning c. at least
-MCHN 4months later
-Management of reproductive tract infections including d. at least
STI’s/HIV/AIDS 6months later.
-Violence against women
-Management of breast and other reproductive Cancers 20. Low-birth term
3.Ensure the availability of FP supplies and logistics fro means a birth of less
the client than:
a. 2,200 grams
b. 2,500 grams
State the Child Health Newborns, infants and children are vulnerable age group c. 2,700 grams
Programs for common childhood diseases. To address problems, d, 2,300 grams
child health programs have been created and available in
all health facilities which includes:
-Infant and Young Child Feeding
-Newborn Screening
-Expanded Program on Immunization
-Management on Childhood Illness
-Micronutrient Supplementation
-Dental Health
-Early Child Development
Child Health Injuries
State the GOAL of Child
Health Program
Enumerate the strategic
thrust to reach the goal of
the Child Health Program
Overview of Infant and
Young Child Feeding
Reduce morbidity and mortality rates for children 0-9
years with the strategies necessary fro program
implementation.
1. Develop local capacity to deliver the whole range of
essential health packages for children.
2. Implement programs and projects that favor
disadvantaged populations.
3. Apply the Reaching Every Barangay (REB) strategy for
immunization to reach every child.
4. Intensify heath education and information campaigns at
the ground level to increase the proportion of mothers
practicing behavior that promote children’s health.
5. Enhance medical, nursing and midwifery education with
cost- effective life-saving strategies such as the Integrated
Management of Childhood Illness and the Basic
Emergency Obstetric Care.
6. Pursue the implementation of laws and policies of
newborns, infants and children.
There is global evidence that good nutrition in early
months and years of life plays a very significant role,
affecting not only the health and survival of infants and
children but also their intellectual and social development,
resulting in life-long impact on school performance and
overall productivity. Breastfeeding, especially exclusive
breastfeeding during the first half-year of life is an
important factor that can prevent infant and childhood
morbidity and mortality. Timely, adequate, safe and
proper complementary feeding will prevent childhood
malnutrition.
To reverse the disturbing trends in infant and young child
feeding practices, a Global Strategy for Infant and Young
 Child Feeding (IYCF) was issued jointly by the World
Health Organization (WHO) and UNICEF in 2002, as
endorsed by consensus in the 55th World Health Assembly
in May 2002 and the UNICEF Executive Board in
September 2002.

State the overall objective To improve the survival of infants and young children by
of the IYCF improving their nutritional status, growth and
development through optimal feeding.

State the National Plan of Goal

Action for 2005 -2010 for -Reduce Child Mortality Rate by 2/3 by 2015
IYCF
Objective
-To improve health and nutrition status of infants and
young children.

Outcome
-To improve exclusive and extended breastfeeding and
complementary feeding.

Specific Objectives
-70% of newborns are initiated to breastfeeding within one
hour after birth
-60% of infants are exclusive breastfed up to 6 months
-90% of infants are started on complementary feeding by 6
months of age
-Median duration of breastfeeding is 18 months

State the definition of Key Messages on Infant

Exclusive Breastfeeding -Initiate breastfeeding within 1 hour after birth
and Complimentary -Exclusive for the first 6 months of life
Breastfeeding Complemented at 6 months with appropriate foods,
excluding milk supplements
 -Extend breastfeeding up to two years and beyond

State the importance of Exclusive breastfeeding means giving a baby only breast
breastfeeding milk and no other liquids or solids, not even water. Drops
or syrups consisting of vitamins, mineral supplements or
medicines are permitted.
State the benefits of
breastfeeding Breastfeeding for infants has many psychological benefits
fro children and mother as well as economic benefits for
families and societies.

To infants:
-Provides a nutritional complete food for the young infant
-Strengthens the infant’s immune system, preventing
many infections.
-Safely rehydrates and provides essential nutrients to a
sick child, especially to those suffering from diarrheal
diseases.
-Reduces the infants exposure to infection
-increase IQ points

To mother
-Reduces woman’s risk of excessive blood loss after birth
-Provides natural methods of delaying pregnancies
-reduces the risk of ovarian and breast cancers and
osteoporosis

To Household and the community

-Conserve funds that otherwise would be spent on breast
milk substitute, supplies and fuel to prepare them
-Saves medical cost to families and government by
preventing illnesses and by providing immediate
postpartum and contraception
 After 6 months of age, all babies require other foods to
complement breast milk- we call this complementary
foods. When complementary foods are introduced
breastfeeding should still continue fro up to two years of
age or beyond.

Discuss about Complementary foods should be :

Complementary Feeding -Timely- meaning that they are introduced when the need
for energy and nutrients exceeds what can be provided
through exclusive and frequent breastfeeding
-Adequate –meaning that they provide sufficient energy,
protein and micronutrients to meet a growing child’s
nutritional needs.
-Safe- meaning that they are hygienically stored an
prepared and fed with clean hands using clean utensils and
not bottles and teats.
-Properly fed- meaning that they are given consistent with
a child’s signals of hunger and that meal frequency and
feeding methods are suitable for the child’s age.

Define low birth weight The term low birth weight means a birth weight of less
babies than 2,500 grams. This includes babies who are born
before term and who are premature and babies who are
small for gestational age.

State the fluid needs of a -Water is good for thirst. A variety of pure juices can be
young child used also.
-Drinks that contain a lot of sugar may actually make the
child thirstier as their body has to deal with the extra
sugar. Fizzy drinks(sodas) are not suitable for young
children
-Teas and coffee reduce the iron that is absorbed from
 foods. If they are given, they should not be given at the
same time as food or within 2 hours before or after food.
Sometimes a child is thirsty during a meal. A small drink
will satisfy the thirst and they may then eat more of their
meal.
-Drinks should not replace foods or breastfeeding.
-Remember that children who are not receiving breast
milk need special attention and special recommendations

Discuss how to feed a -encourage the child to drink and eat with lots of patience
child who is ill -feed small amounts frequently
-give foods that the child likes
-give a variety of nutrient rich foods
-continue to breastfed –often ill children breastfeed more
frequently

Discuss how to feed a -give extra breastfeeds

child during recovery -feed an extra meal
-give an extra amount
-use extra rich foods
-feed with extra patience

State the importance of -Breast milk is the best food fro the baby from birth up to
breast milk and 6 months.
breastfeeding as well as  It meets all the food and fluid needs of the baby
the DO’s and DON’Ts in from birth up to 6 months
breasfeeding -Give colostrum to the baby.
-Do not give plain water, sugared water, chewed sticky
rice, herbal preparations or starve the baby while waiting
for the milk to come in.
-Give only beast milk and no other food to your baby from
birth up to 6 months.

State the key messages on
feeding babies over six
months old
State the laws that protects
infant and young child
feeding
-Breastfeed as often as the baby wants, day and night.
-use both breasts alternately at each feeding,
-After one breast is emptied, offer first the breast that has
not been emptied in the next feeding.
1. Breastfeeding for 2 years or longer helps a child
develops and grows strong and healthy.
2. Starting other foods in addition to breast milk at 6
complemented months helps a child to grow well.
3. Foods that are thick enough to stay in the spoon give
more energy to the child.
4. Animal- source foods are especially good for children to
help them grow strong and lively.
5. Peas, beans, lentils, nuts and seeds are also good for
children.
6. Dark green leafy leaves and yellow coloured fruits and
vegetables helps a child to have healthy eyes end fewer
infections
7. A growing child needs three meals plus snacks: give
variety of foods.
8. A growing child needs increasing amounts of foods.
9. A growing child needs to learn to eat, encourage and
give help…with lots of patience.
10. Encourage children to drink and eat during illness and
provide extra food after illness to help them recover
quickly.
1. Milk Code (EO 51 )- products covered by Milk Code
consist of breast milk substitutes, including infant
formula,; other milk products, foods and beverages,
including bottle fed complementary foods
2. The rooming- In and Breastfeeding Act of 1992 requires
both public and private health institutions to promote
 rooming-in and to encourage, protect, and support the
practice of breastfeeding. It targets the creation of an
“environment where basic physical, emotional and
psychological needs of mothers and infants are fulfilled
through the practice of rooming-in and breastfeeding.

3. Food Fortification Law or An Act of establishing the

Philippine Food Fortification Program and for Other
Purposes –Food Fortification Law (Republic Act 8976)
passed by Congress in 2002 declares as a policy that food
fortification is vital in the promotion of optimal health and
to compensate for the loss of nutrients due to processing
and or storage of food.
Tetanus Toxoid
Immunization Is important for women to prevent tetanus in both mother
and the baby. When two doses or TT injection given in
one month interval between each does during pregnancy
or even before pregnancy period the baby is protected
against neonatal tetanus.
TT1 Vaccine
Is given as early as possible during pregnancy
TT2 Vaccine
Is given 4 weeks after pregnancy. 80% protected and have
a time of 3years protection for the mother. Infants born to
the mother will be protected from neonatal tetanus.
TT3 Vaccine
Is given after 6 months after pregnancy, 95% protected
and a time of 5years protection for the mother
TT4 Vaccine
Is given after 1year after pregnancy, 99% protected. Gives
10years of protection for the mother.
TT5 Vaccine
Is given after 1 year and beyond, 99% protected. Gives life
time protection for the mother. Both mother and child will
be protected.