LOADS ON UNDERGROUND TANKS:

The loads to be considered in the design of a underground tank are:

Note: all the pressure units are taken in pascals
1. Vertical soil pressure:
FV   SOIL hsurface

2. Pore water pressure = U =  water * hp

h p =distance from given point on the tank to water table level

3. Vertical soil skeleton pressure

FVsk   soil (hsurface  hp )  ( soil   water )hp

FVsk   soil hsurface   water hp

4. Horizontal soil pressure:

Fh   soil * ka * hsurface

5. Horizontal soil skeleton pressure

Fhsk  ( soil   water )ka hsurface

6. Horizontal pressure due to surcharge loading:

Qh  qs * ka pascals
7. Vertical pressure due to surcharge loading:
Qv  qs pascals
Soil Densities:
For Alluvial, saline, loamy soils, the soil density varies from 2.49 - 2.62
gm/cm3
Water table level from surface:
Lateritic soil: ground water occurs at 9.4 to 26.6 mbgl
If the wells are located near the tank: 1.5-8.4 mbgl
Alluvial soil: ground water occurs at 1.4-7.7 mbgl
If the wells are located near the tank: 1.4-5.85 mbgl
In north goa:
Pre-monsoon level: 1.69-26.09 mbgl
Post-monsoon level: 2.17-19.23 mbgl
South goa:
Pre-monsoon level: 2.39-18.64 mbgl
Post-monsoon level: 1.20-14.52 mbgl
Ka = 0.22-0.9
Ka = coefficient of lateral earth pressure
= horizontal skeleton pressure/vertical skeleton pressure
Fhsk
=
Fvsk
Horizontal soil skeleton pressure = horizontal soil pressure- pore water pressure
P = Horizontal soil skeleton pressure + pore water pressure + horizontal
pressure due to surcharge loading
P = Fhsk + U + ka*qs

=Ka*Fvsk + U + ka*qs

 hoop ,induced   yield

Thickness of underground tank:
Pd
t
2 yield
(ka ( soil * hsurface   water * hp )   water * hp  ka qs )d
t
2 yield
(ka ( soil * hsurface  qs )   water * hp (1  ka ))d
t
2 yield

Where d = diameter of the tank

Where as,
 SOIL = specific weight of soil

 water = specific weight of water

hsurface
= distance from a given point on the tank to the finished ground level

hp = distance from a given point on the tank to the water table level

ka =
Coefficient of lateral earth pressure
qs = surcharge loading
Fhsk = Horizontal soil skeleton pressure

Fvsk = Vertical soil skeleton pressure

t = Thickness of underground tank

U = Pore water pressure
Combination type Load case combination Elastic
modulus type

1.2G  1.5( Fv  Fh ) Long term

1.2G  1.5( Fv  Fh )  s (Qh  Qv ) Short term

ultimate
1.2G  1.5( Fv  Fh )  l (Qh  Qv ) Long term

1.2G  1.5( Fv  Fh  Flp ) Short term#

G  Fv  Fh Long term

G  ( Fv  Fh )  s (Qh  Qv ) Long term

serviceability
G  ( Fv  Fh )  s (Qh  Qv ) Short term

G  Fv  Fh  Flp Short term#

ψs = 1.0 for short term effects and ψl = 0.6 for long term effects.
# In instances where water table levels are permanently above the invert of the
tank, long term moduli shall be adopted