Demultiplexer

Demultiplexer is a digital switch which is a single input and multiple outputs. The
demultiplexer consists of “N” select lines these select line determines which output is
connected to input.
Demux has 1 Input, m selects lines ,2^N (outputs).
2^m = N(output).

(input)1

N(output)

Select lines

Types of Demux:
1) 1:2 Demux
2) 1:4 Demux
3) 1:8 Demux

1:2 Demux:
In 1:2 Demux one input lines and 2 output lines and one select line.
Enable pin is used to control the demux wants to enable or not. If enable pin is 0
irrespective of select line outputs will be zero. If enable pin is one the according to
selection bit output pin will be selected.1:2 demux figure shown below.

D Y0

1:2 DEMUX

E Y1

S0
 Enable Select line Output
E S Y0 y1
0 * 0 0
1 0 D 0
1 1 0 D

Truth table of 1:2 demux

Y0=DS

Y1=DS

If select line bit is 0 then input connect to y0 if select line is 1 then input D is connect to y1.
Circuit diagram of 1:2 demux

1:4 Demux:
In 1:4 Demux one input lines and 4 output lines and two select line.
Enable pin is used to control the demux wants to enable or not. If enable pin is 0
irrespective of select line outputs will be zero. If enable pin is one the according to
selection bit output pin will be selected.1:4 demux figure shown below.
 Truth table of 1:4 demux.

In 1:4 demux

if select lines s1 and s0 is 0 and 0 the input line D is connected to Y0; y0=Ds0s1

If s1 and s0 is 0 and 1 then input line is connected to y1; y1=DS1S0

If s1 and s0 is 1 and 0 input line D IS connected to Y2, y2=DS1s0

If s1 and s0 is 1 and 1 then input line D is connected to Y3; y3=DS1S0

Circuit diagram of 1:4 demux

1:8 Demux:
In 1:8 Demux one input lines and 8 output lines and three select line. Enable pin is
used to control the demux wants to enable or not. If enable pin is 0 irrespective of
select line outputs will be zero. If enable pin is one the according to selection bit
output pin will be selected. 1:8 demux figure shown below.
.

if select lines S2 s1 and s0 is 0, 0 and 0, input D is connected to Y0; y0=Ds0s1S2

If S0, s1 and s2 is 0, 0 and 1 input line is connected to y1; Y1 =DS1S2S0

If S0, s1 and s2 is 0, 1 and 0 input D IS connected to Y2; y2=DS1S2s0

If S0, s1 and s2 is 0, 1 and 1 then input line D is connected to Y3; y3=DS1S0S2

if select line S0, s1 and s2 is 1 0 and 0 input D is connected to Y4; y4=Ds0s1S2

If S0 s1 and s2 is 0 and 1 0 then input D is connected to y1; y5=DS0S2S1

If s1 S2 and s0 is 1,1 and 0 input line D IS connected to Y6; y2=DS1S2s0

If s1 S2 and s0 is 1,1 and 1 then input line D is connected to Y7; y3=DS1S0S2

Circuit diagram:

Conversion of 1:8 using 1:4 demux:

When the application requires a large demultiplexer with a greater number of output
pins, then we cannot implement by a single integrated circuit. So, we are using two 1:4
demux
when A is set to zero, one of the output lines from Y0 to Y3 is selected based on
the combination of select lines B and C.
when A is set to one, based on the select lines one of the output lines from Y4 to Y7 will be
selected
based on the combination of select lines B and C.
1:16 using 8:1 and 2:1 demultiplexer:
1x16 De-Multiplexer using 1x8 De-Multiplexers and 1x2 De-Multiplexer.
We know that 1x8 De-Multiplexer has single input, three selection lines and eight outputs.
Whereas, 1x16 De-Multiplexer has single input, four selection lines and sixteen outputs.
So, we require two 1x8 De-Multiplexers in second stage in order to get
the final sixteen outputs. Since, the number of inputs in second stage is two, we require 1x2
Demultiplexer in first stage so that the outputs of first stage will be the inputs of second
stage. Input of this 1x2 De-Multiplexer will be the overall input of 1x16 De-Multiplexer.
Let the 1x16 De-Multiplexer has one input I, four selection lines s3, s2,
s1 & s0and outputs Y15 to Y0. The block diagram of 1x16 De-Multiplexer using lower order
Multiplexers.
Here 1:2 demux act as an enable. if S3 is 0 the 1:8 demux one of y8 to y15 output lines based on
selected lines s0 s1 s2.

Implementation of Full Subtractor Using 1-to-8 DEMUX:

Truth table of Full subtractor

From the table, the full subtractor output D can be written as

D = f (A, B, C)

= ∑m (1, 2, 4, 7)

And the borrow output can be expressed as

Bout = F (A, B, C) = ∑m (1, 2, 3, 7)

Implementation of full subtractor:

 In above figure can be converted to 1:8 using two 1:4 demux by proper select lines
and input. P act as a single input to demux because it is input for two decoders. Q act as a enable pin
to work one demux out of two demuxes.

R and S are two select lines according to select lines outputs are obtained.

Applications of Demux:

Here 1:4 demux is used. CPU act as singe input to demux and
according to select lines one of output device is selected.
 The output of the arithmetic logic unit is fed as an input to the De-multiplexer, and the o/p
of the demultiplexer is connected to a multiple registers. The output of the ALU can be
stored in multiple registers.

DEMUX
Select lines

Output

Digitally Adjustable Amplifier Gain

The circuit illustrates how to provide digitally controlled adjustable/variable op-
amp gain using a demultiplexer. The voltage gain of the inverting operational
amplifier is dependent upon the ratio between the input resistor, RIN and its
feedback resistor, Rƒ as determined in the Op-amp tutorials.
The digitally controlled analogue switches of the demultiplexer select an input
resistor to vary the value of Rin. The combination of these resistors will determine
the overall voltage gain of the amplifier, (Av). Then the voltage gain of the
inverting operational amplifier can be adjusted digitally simply by selecting the
appropriate input resistor combination.
Demultiplexer IC packages available are the TTL 74LS138 1 to 8-output demultiplexer, the TTL
74LS139 Dual 1-to-4 output demultiplexer or the CMOS CD45141-to-16 output
demultiplexer.